KR20160117862A - A Fingerprint Identifier and a Fingerprint Identifying Method - Google Patents
A Fingerprint Identifier and a Fingerprint Identifying Method Download PDFInfo
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- KR20160117862A KR20160117862A KR1020150045763A KR20150045763A KR20160117862A KR 20160117862 A KR20160117862 A KR 20160117862A KR 1020150045763 A KR1020150045763 A KR 1020150045763A KR 20150045763 A KR20150045763 A KR 20150045763A KR 20160117862 A KR20160117862 A KR 20160117862A
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- G06K9/0004—
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/117—Identification of persons
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- G06K9/00046—
Abstract
Description
The present invention relates to a fingerprint recognition apparatus and a fingerprint recognition method, and more particularly, to a fingerprint recognition apparatus and a fingerprint recognition method capable of discriminating a forged fingerprint by recognizing a fingerprint by acquiring not only a shape of a fingerprint but also information about a living body, And a device implementing the same.
A fingerprint recognition device is a device that identifies a person by recognizing a person's fingerprint. The fingerprint image acquisition method of the fingerprint recognition device includes an optical type, an ultrasonic type, a capacitance type, an electric field measurement type, and a heat sensing type.
The thermal sensing method acquires the fingerprint image by moving the finger on the heat sensor. It can detect dry fingerprints, has a small sensor size, and is cheap. However, it is not convenient for users because it requires skill.
Both capacitive and electric field measurement methods are semiconductor type fingerprint recognition devices. Semiconductor type is advantageous in that it can measure dried fingerprints, but has poor durability against moisture and sensor is very expensive.
On the other hand, optical sensors are cheap, but sensors are not influenced by moisture and can obtain excellent fingerprint images. However, since only the appearance of the fingerprint is judged mainly, the fingerprint of the dummy having the shape of the fingerprint, And is recognized as an image.
The fingerprint recognition device is installed for security. Even if the fingerprint is recognized as it is, there is a problem that security is weakened.
Conventionally, there has been developed a device capable of detecting the forgery through a method of detecting the reflection of the skin or the color of the skin to judge whether or not the image has been falsified or using the surface plasmon effect. However, There was a limit in strengthening.
In recent years, light emitting diodes have been developed, and a length capable of intensively emitting only light beams of a desired wavelength range has been opened, so that it has become possible to utilize not only visible light of a specific wavelength band but also ultraviolet light or infrared light.
However, even in the case of using a light emitting diode, a technique for obtaining a fingerprint image more clearly by using a diode which mainly emits light of a wavelength range having a good scattering characteristic mainly in a visible light region is mainly developed, However, it is a reality that the development of the technology that can distinguish the fingerprints that are made is not supported.
BACKGROUND OF THE
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been conceived to solve the problems described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fingerprint recognition apparatus and a fingerprint recognition apparatus which utilize light of a specific wavelength band in an ultraviolet ray and an infrared ray region or a visible ray region, A fingerprint recognition device and a fingerprint recognition method capable of accurately recognizing only a fingerprint of a living body.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fingerprint recognition apparatus capable of identifying authenticity of a fingerprint by acquiring not only a surface of a biometric fingerprint but also internal information of an internal structure of a living body having a fingerprint, The purpose is to provide.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a light source device including: a light source unit including a base provided with a plurality of light sources for emitting light of different wavelengths; A
The first direction, which is the polarization direction of the first polarizing filter, and the third direction, which is the polarization direction of the third polarizing filter, may be perpendicular to each other.
And a second polarizing filter (52) disposed on a light path from the light source of the base to the contact surface (20), wherein a second direction of polarization of the second polarizing filter and a second direction of polarization of the third polarizing filter The third direction, which is the polarization direction, may be parallel to each other.
The
The
The first polarizing
The light source is provided with a plurality of sets of two or more LEDs for irradiating light of the same peak wavelength, and two or more LEDs constituting one set may be arranged radially around the
A plurality of light measuring elements each capable of measuring light of a plurality of small-band wavelengths within a predetermined wavelength band are provided in the unit area of the photometry part (40), and at least one of the plurality of small wavelength bands is an ultraviolet wavelength area or an infrared Wavelength region.
A
The
The present invention also provides a light source unit (30) including a base (32) provided with a plurality of light sources for emitting light of different wavelengths; A
The installation surface of the
The
The
A
The
The
A plurality of light measuring elements each capable of measuring light of a plurality of small-band wavelengths within a predetermined wavelength band are provided in the unit area of the photometry part (40), and at least one of the plurality of small wavelength bands is an ultraviolet wavelength area or an infrared Wavelength region.
A
According to the present invention, not only the surface of the biometric fingerprint but also the internal information of the biometric information with the fingerprint can be obtained to determine authenticity of the fingerprint.
According to the present invention, not only an image can be obtained by irradiating light of a desired wavelength to a fingerprint, but also an image can be obtained by irradiating light polarized by a desired polarization direction, and a very uniform and accurate image can be obtained have.
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing an image acquisition principle of a fingerprint recognition apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a fingerprint recognition device according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the fingerprint recognition device of Fig. 2,
FIG. 4 is a side view of a fingerprint recognition device according to a second embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the fingerprint recognition device of FIG. 4,
FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a structure of a fingerprint recognition device according to a third embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 7 is a front view showing a first embodiment of the fingerprint recognition device of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the fingerprint recognition device of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the fingerprint recognition device of FIG. 6;
10 and 11 are views showing an embodiment of the photometric unit of the present invention,
12 is a view showing a depth through which ultraviolet rays penetrate the skin tissue,
13 is a graph showing a light absorption rate of blood and water by wavelength,
14 is a graph showing the presence of waves due to blood flow in the light information obtained by irradiating light to the finger end where the fingerprint is formed,
15 and 16 are side views of a fingerprint recognition device as a modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention, and Figs.
17 is an image showing blood vessel information of a finger photographed by the fingerprint recognition device of Figs. 15 and 16. Fig.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, It is provided to inform.
1 is a view showing an image acquisition principle of a fingerprint recognition apparatus according to the present invention. Generally, when a light is irradiated on the skin of a human body, a part of light is reflected on the surface, and a part of light is reflected after being transmitted to the inside of the skin.
This is also related to the polarization direction of the light. 1 (a), when light polarized at zero is irradiated to the skin, most of the light polarized at zero is similarly reflected at the skin surface. However, most of the light transmitted through the skin surface to the inside of the skin is absorbed and scattered, resulting in loss of polarization and scattering out of the skin. Most of the light transmitted through the surface of the skin is polarized at 90 degrees and reflected by the surface of the skin. It comes out.
Therefore, when the polarized light is irradiated to the skin, the reflected light or the scattered light having the same polarization direction as the irradiated polarization direction can be measured and observed to obtain information about the skin surface, and a 90-degree polarized reflected light Or scattered light, it is possible to acquire more information about the inside of the skin than the surface of the skin.
Since a general optical type fingerprint recognition device is a method of recognizing the appearance of a fingerprint, even if a dummy having the same appearance as the actual fingerprint is used, the same fingerprint is recognized. Of course, since optical fingerprint recognition devices do not recognize dry fingerprints, dry dummies may not be able to recognize fingerprints, but such moisture can be created in any amount. However, the fingerprint information input to the fingerprint recognition device includes not only the fingerprint shape of the surface, but also the shape of the tissue (e.g., blood vessel) inside the skin where the fingerprint is formed. It is very difficult to deceive the fingerprint recognition device such as making a fingerprint with a dummy if images can be obtained from the fingerprint image on the surface and the shape of the tissue inside the skin and compared with the stored information.
Hereinafter, an optical fingerprint recognition apparatus using this principle will be described.
[First Embodiment of Optical System of Fingerprint Recognition Device]
FIG. 2 is a side view of a fingerprint recognition device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fingerprint recognition device of FIG. That is, FIG. 3 is a view showing the fingerprint recognition device of FIG. 2 viewed from above.
2, the
Polarization filters 51 and 52 are provided on the path of the light irradiated from the light source of the light source unit and are reflected or scattered from the
The polarizing direction of the first
Therefore, the light is irradiated on the
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the light is irradiated to the
Therefore, according to the first embodiment, information on the outline of the
On the other hand, there is a difference in the wavelength range of the light required to obtain the information of the appearance of the fingerprint and the information of the deep part more clearly than the fingerprint. For example, the shorter the wavelength of light is, the lower the transmittance to the skin becomes. In the case of ultraviolet rays, most of the UVB wavelengths are absorbed from the epidermis and do not reach the dermal layer, but reach the dermal layer in the case of UVA wavelength (see FIG. 13).
Therefore, it is necessary to make a difference in the wavelength of light to be irradiated by the
These light sources may be composed of LEDs. The LED is very suitable as the light source of the fingerprint recognition device of the present invention in that the spectrum half width is narrow and the light of the peak wavelength range is intensively emitted.
On the other hand, the center of the annular base is provided with a
In order to obtain information on the fingerprint shape of the skin surface as shown in FIG. 1A, the first light source (for example, 30-1. At this time, the wavelength of the light emitted from the first light source 30-1 is a wavelength belonging to a wavelength band suitable for obtaining information on the surface of the skin. Therefore, the light measured by the
Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), in order to obtain information on the fingerprint shape of the deep part of the skin, as shown in FIG. 3 (b) or 3 (c) And the second light source 30-2 under the
In order to irradiate the light of the desired wavelength range through the desired polarizing filter, the annular
Further, in order to irradiate the light of the desired wavelength band to pass through the desired polarizing filter, the
Of course, it is also possible to irradiate a non-polarized light source in such a fingerprint recognition device. For example, when the light is emitted from the second light source 30-2 in FIG. 3A, it is possible to irradiate the unpolarized light.
According to the above-described fingerprint recognition apparatus, it is possible not only to acquire an image by irradiating light of a desired wavelength to the
[Second Embodiment of Optical System of Fingerprint Recognition Device]
FIG. 4 is a side view of a fingerprint recognition device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of the fingerprint recognition device of FIG. That is, FIG. 5 is a view showing the fingerprint recognition device of FIG. 4 viewed from above.
The second embodiment of FIG. 4 is different from the first embodiment of FIG. 2 in that a trapezoidal prism is formed so that the
The polarization filters 51, 52, and 53 may be disposed between the prism and the light source, and between the prism and the photometric unit, and may be attached on the surface of the prism.
The
The
Referring to FIG. 5, the light source unit of the fingerprint recognition apparatus of the second embodiment may have a plurality of light sources 30-1, 30-2, and 30-3 arranged in a line on a
For example, in order to obtain information on the fingerprint shape of the skin surface as shown in FIG. 1A, the
Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), in order to obtain information about the fingerprint shape of the deep part of the skin, as shown in FIG. 5 (b) And light is irradiated from the light source 30-3 (light source at the lower part in the drawing). At this time, the wavelength of the light emitted from the third light source 30-3 is a wavelength belonging to a wavelength band suitable for obtaining information of the deep part of the skin. Therefore, the light measured by the
At this time, the
According to the above-described fingerprint recognition apparatus, it is possible not only to acquire an image by irradiating light of a desired wavelength to the
[Third Embodiment of Optical System of Fingerprint Recognition Device]
6 is a front view showing a first embodiment of the fingerprint recognition device of Fig. 6, Fig. 8 is a front view of the fingerprint recognition device of Fig. 6 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the fingerprint recognition device in Fig. 6, and Fig. 9 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the fingerprint recognition device in Fig.
Referring to FIG. 6, the fingerprint recognition apparatus of the present invention includes a
In this
Next, the
And the
6, when the light is irradiated toward the
Therefore, when the fingerprint recognition device is configured as described above, the light emitted through the fingerprint and the light emitted from the fingerprint are polarized in the direction of 90 degrees from each other, so that information of the deep part of the fingerprint can be obtained.
Of course, in FIG. 6, the
When the beam splitter cube is used, the direction of the light irradiated to the fingerprint is the front direction with respect to the fingerprint, and the direction of the light irradiated to the
As shown in FIG. 7, the
The
Therefore, according to the fingerprint recognition apparatus shown in Fig. 7, it is possible not only to acquire an image by irradiating light of a desired wavelength to the
On the other hand, it is also possible to construct a fingerprint recognition device as shown in FIG. 8, the
The
Therefore, according to the fingerprint recognition apparatus shown in FIG. 8, light having a desired wavelength can be irradiated on the
On the other hand, it is also possible to construct a fingerprint recognition device as shown in FIG. 9, the fingerprint recognition apparatus of FIG. 9 includes a base 32 having a linear shape of the
The
Therefore, according to the fingerprint recognition apparatus shown in FIG. 9, light having a desired wavelength can be irradiated to the
[Configuration of the photometric unit of the fingerprint recognition device]
FIGS. 10 and 11 are views showing an embodiment of the photometric unit of the present invention. FIG.
A conventional photometry unit includes a pass filter for each wavelength region in front of a photometry element (such as a CCD or a CMOS) to remove the light in the infrared or ultraviolet region so that only the visible light reaches the photometry element, , And light-sensing elements for generating an electrical signal corresponding to the wavelength of the blue component are arranged in a matrix form to acquire an image of light.
On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 10, the
Also, as shown in FIG. 11, a
If the wavelength range of the
At least one of the plurality of wavelength sub-bands may be in an ultraviolet wavelength region or an infrared wavelength region for grasping the depth information of the fingerprint.
Since the light source that provides the wide-band wavelength can acquire information of various wavelengths, it is possible to acquire information of various wavelength ranges without the plurality of light sources described in the first to third embodiments, Can be obtained.
[Fingerprint Recognition Method and Apparatus Utilizing Light Absorption Rate and Skin Tissue Permeability Dependent on Blood Wavelength]
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the depth of penetration of ultraviolet rays to skin tissue, and FIG. 13 is a graph showing the light absorption rate of blood and water by wavelength.
There is a difference in the penetration depth of the light by the wavelength band. Generally, the ability of the skin to penetrate the skin becomes larger as the wavelength goes to the longer infrared region, and the light penetrating ability of the light becomes lower as the wavelength becomes shorter.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12, the capillary blood vessels are mainly located in the dermis in the human tissue. When the skin is pressed, the dermis is whitened and blood in the blood vessel is evacuated. In other words, the blood in the blood vessels in the dermis of the pressed area is drained away.
13, the light absorption rate of blood is shown for each wavelength. As can be seen, the light absorption rate of the blood is highest in the ultraviolet region, and gradually decreases toward the infrared region through the visible light region. On the other hand, the light absorption rate of each wavelength of water decreases gradually from the UVC region to the UVA region, and gradually increases from the near ultraviolet region to the infrared region. Referring to FIG. 13, the wavelength band in which the difference between the light absorption rate of blood and the light absorption rate of water is large may be an ultraviolet region band and a visible light region band, particularly 280 nm to 620 nm.
Therefore, when light having a peak wavelength of 280 nm to 620 nm is irradiated to a tissue in which blood mainly exists, a difference in optical information measured depending on the presence or absence of blood can be remarkably exhibited.
Referring again to FIG. 12, it is difficult to obtain reflected light or scattered light that can determine whether blood exists in a blood vessel because UVB out of the light irradiated to the skin can penetrate only to the epidermis. On the other hand, since UVA is absorbed or scattered after penetrating into the dermis mainly distributed in capillary blood vessels, when UVA light absorbed or scattered after penetration into the dermis is analyzed to analyze the information, blood is present in the capillaries of the dermis Can be determined.
Therefore, if the information of the scattered light is analyzed after irradiating the skin with the light of the UVA wavelength band (320 nm to 400 nm), which is largely different from the optical information depending on whether blood is present in the capillary present in the dermis, Can be easily identified. In other words, the method of recognizing the fingerprint by applying this principle can finally determine whether the object having the shape of the fingerprint is the living body, so that the authenticity of the fingerprint can be judged.
Therefore, in a state in which the fingerprint lightly contacts the
As a result, if the shape of the fingerprint is optically acquired and then the living body determination step is performed, the shape of the optically acquired fingerprint can be regarded as true.
On the other hand, as described above, when the direction of polarization of the light irradiated to the living body and the direction of polarization of the light after being irradiated to the living body are perpendicular to each other, taking the fact that photometry information includes more information of the deep- It is more advantageous to obtain more definite optical information by constructing the polarization direction of the light irradiated toward the fingerprint after applying pressure to the fingerprint and the polarization direction of the light to be photographed perpendicular to each other.
In addition, even if the light irradiated toward the fingerprint is a white light of a broad band before the fingerprint is pressed and the fingerprint is pressed as above, information corresponding to the ultraviolet region of 320 nm to 400 nm is extracted from the photometry information It is also possible to pass the above-mentioned step of discriminating the living body.
In the case where the wavelength band of the light suitable for optically obtaining the shape of the fingerprint and the wavelength band of the light suitable for grasping the information on the blood presence or absence in the capillary vessel of the living body are configured differently, .
A fingerprint recognition apparatus to which the above-described fingerprint recognition method is applied can be implemented as follows.
A
At this time, the light source provided on the base includes a light source for irradiating light of a wavelength band optically suitable for acquiring the shape of the fingerprint, and a light source for irradiating light of a wavelength band suitable for grasping information on the presence or absence of blood in the capillary vessel of the living body .
In addition, the present invention includes an optical information processing unit for processing optical information obtained through the light-measuring
When the difference of the optical information is equal to or greater than the predetermined value through such processing, the finger having the fingerprint can be determined as a living body.
Such a fingerprint recognition apparatus may further include an instruction unit for instructing the person who has made contact with the
Next, a first
It is, of course, also possible to operate the apparatus through the same operation as in FIG. 3 even when the wavelength band necessary for grasping the shape information of the fingerprint and the wavelength band necessary for grasping the deep information of the living body in which the fingerprint is formed are made equal to each other.
If a light measuring element for detecting light having a wavelength of 320 nm to 400 nm is provided in the unit area of the
The fingerprint recognition device of this type may be constructed by utilizing a prism having a trapezoidal shape as in the second embodiment of the optical system, or may be constructed using the
Since the above-described optical system can implement a plurality of light sources having different wavelengths and a polarizing filter having different directions in one apparatus, the light absorption rate of each wavelength of blood and the penetration depth of skin tissue per light wavelength It is possible to combine the principle of fingerprint recognition and other optical fingerprint recognition principles described in the present invention. The greater the number of such combinations, the lower the possibility of using false fingerprints.
[Fingerprint Recognition Method and Apparatus for Detecting Waves by Blood Flow Macros]
14 is a graph showing the presence of waves due to blood flow in the light information obtained by irradiating light to the finger end where the fingerprint is formed.
As shown in Fig. 14, there are blood vessels leading to arterial-capillary-vein in human tissues, and in particular, arterial blood has pulsation of the same pulse as that of the heart. Therefore, the amount of blood is increased or decreased in a certain portion of the body tissue, such as the fingertip portion shown in FIG. 14, the same as the heart rate. In view of such characteristics of the living body, the present invention is characterized in that the finger having the fingerprint is recognized as a living body by sensing the fluctuation of the blood flow amount at the finger tip portion where the fingerprint is formed when the fingerprint is recognized.
The present invention further provides a method for detecting hemoglobin in a blood vessel by taking into consideration that oxygen hemoglobin changes into hemoglobin when arterial blood passes through capillaries and venous blood and oxygen hemoglobin and hemoglobin have different absorption ratios with respect to light of a specific wavelength band, Is irradiated to the fingertip, and then the light information from the finger is analyzed to further confirm the authenticity of the living body. For example, when light having a wavelength of 480 nm is irradiated to the fingertip portion, as shown in FIG. 13, the light absorptance of the arterial blood is higher than the light absorption rate of the venous blood, so that the overall light absorption rate drops sharply while the arterial blood goes to the vein. In addition, when the light of 690 nm wavelength is irradiated to the fingertip portion, the overall light absorption rate increases sharply while the blood of the artery goes into the vein. Therefore, if it is possible to detect the fluctuation of the light absorption rate in the optical information by the period corresponding to the human pulse, the living body can be judged more accurately. In addition, the difference in intensity of the photodetector signal caused by the difference in the light absorption rate of the arterial blood and the venous blood to the corresponding wavelength of the optical information, in theory, The procedure for confirming whether or not the light absorption rate of the venous blood is equal to or greater than the difference in the light absorption rate of the venous blood is further performed.
In addition, since there is a difference between the tissue and the internal constituents of the fingertip portion of each person, even when optical information of the same wavelength is used, the difference in intensity of signals of the photodetector caused by difference in the light absorption rate of arterial blood and venous blood for each person is different . Therefore, if the intensity difference of the signal of the photodetector generated by the difference between the fingerprint information of the person and the light absorptivity of the arterial blood and the venous blood of the person having the fingerprint is data for each wavelength band, unique blood flow pulse wave data and fingerprint are generated for each individual .
Therefore, fingerprint authentication using this personal fingerprint and pulse wave data can greatly enhance security.
This makes it more difficult to make the fingerprint fake. For example, it is possible to implement a periodic fluctuation in the light absorption rate by putting a specific liquid into and out of a dummy in which a fingerprint is formed in a period corresponding to a human pulse rate. However, as described above, It is very difficult to artificially match.
Therefore, it is possible to confirm the above-described pulse wave information by irradiating the finger with light having a different absorption rate of hemoglobin (Hb) and oxygen hemoglobin (HbO 2 ) when acquiring biometric information, and acquiring optical information .
In addition, in the optical information obtained after irradiating light having a wide wavelength (for example, white light) to a finger, optical information of a wavelength band having different absorption ratios of hemoglobin (Hb) and oxygen hemoglobin (HbO 2 ) Can be confirmed.
In addition, since the selection of such a wavelength can be variously selected within a wavelength range in which hemoglobin (Hb) and oxygen hemoglobin (HbO 2 ) have different absorption ratios and the light absorption rate of blood is already known for each wavelength, By irradiating light of different wavelengths within a possible wavelength range to measure pulse waves, the security function can be further enhanced.
A fingerprint recognition apparatus to which the above-described fingerprint recognition method is applied can be implemented as follows.
A
In this case, the light source provided in the base may include a light source for irradiating light of a wavelength band optically suitable for acquiring the shape of the fingerprint, and a light source for irradiating light of a wavelength band having a substantial absorption rate to blood. In addition, the light of the above-mentioned wavelength band having a considerable absorption rate to blood may be light of a wavelength band having different absorption rates for hemoglobin (Hb) and oxygen hemoglobin (HbO 2 ). The wavelengths of the light for measurement of fingerprint shape and the light for pulse wave measurement may be the same or different. When the wavelengths are different from each other, a plurality of light sources emitting light of different wavelengths may be provided. When these wavelengths are different from each other, it is also possible to measure only the light of the corresponding wavelength in the photometry part, or to extract the optical information corresponding to the wavelength from the measured light information.
In addition, the present invention includes an optical information processing unit for processing optical information obtained through the light-measuring
Particularly, when the light of the wavelength band having a significant absorption rate to blood is a light of a wavelength band having different absorption rates with respect to hemoglobin (Hb) and oxygen hemoglobin (HbO 2 ), the difference in magnitude of the wave is not less than a predetermined value The finger can be judged to be a living body.
Next, the first
It is, of course, also possible to operate the apparatus through the same operation as in Fig. 3 even when the wavelength band necessary for grasping the shape information of the fingerprint and the wavelength band necessary for grasping the blood vessel information inside the living body in which the fingerprint is formed are made equal to each other.
If the light measuring unit is provided with a light measuring element for detecting light of a wavelength band having different absorption ratios for hemoglobin (Hb) and oxygen hemoglobin (HbO 2 ) in the unit area of the
The fingerprint recognition apparatus may be constructed using a prism having a trapezoidal shape as in the second embodiment of the optical system, or may be constructed using the
Considering that the light irradiated to the finger is transmitted when the light of the wavelength band having different absorption rates for hemoglobin (Hb) and oxygen hemoglobin (HbO 2 ) is in the infrared region, the second photometry May be positioned on the opposite side of the
Since the above-described optical system can implement a plurality of light sources having different wavelengths and a polarization filter having different directions in one apparatus, the principle of fingerprint recognition that detects the wave caused by the blood flow pulse described above and the other optical fingerprint It is possible to implement it by combining the recognition principle. The greater the number of such combinations, the lower the possibility of using false fingerprints.
[Method and Apparatus for Fingerprint Recognition for Detecting Light Absorption of Blood According to Oxygen Saturation]
Referring to FIG. 13, blood has different light absorption degrees with respect to lights of different wavelengths. There is also a difference in light absorption between oxygen hemoglobin (HbO 2 ) and hemoglobin (Hb) for light of the same wavelength. As shown in Fig. 13, the light absorbance is already known by wavelength and hemoglobin type. Here, light absorption of oxygen hemoglobin (HbO 2 ) with respect to light of the first wavelength (a) can be expressed as εHbO 2 a , and light absorption of hemoglobin (Hb) can be expressed as εHb a . The unit of ε is cm -1 / (moles / liter).
Next, geotinde more than the oxygen-hemoglobin (HbO 2) The hemoglobin (Hb) in blood lower than the oxygen-hemoglobin (HbO 2) The hemoglobin (Hb) of the will have a high oxygen saturation, contrast, blood with low oxygen saturation, at a moment The oxygen saturation of the photographed finger is the same. Here, the number of moles of oxygen hemoglobin is [HbO 2 ], and the number of moles of hemoglobin is [Hb].
The light absorption amount of blood with respect to light can be confirmed by acquiring optical information that has been emitted through the finger in the light irradiated toward the fingerprint. For example, as the intensity of the acquired optical information increases, the amount of absorbed light of the blood is smaller and the absorbed amount of blood (A) of the blood becomes higher as the intensity of the obtained optical information becomes weaker.
The light absorption amount for the light of the first wavelength (a) can be expressed as follows.
A a = (εHbO 2a [HbO 2] + εHb a [Hb]) L ... ( Equation 1)
Where L is the length of light passing through the area of blood.
On the other hand, the light absorption amount for the second wavelength b different from the first wavelength can also be expressed as follows.
A b = (竜 HbO 2b [HbO 2 ] + 竜 Hb b [Hb]) L (2)
And In the
That is, the oxygen saturation HbO 2 SAT is as follows.
HbO 2 SAT = {(A a / A b) εHb b -εHb a} / {(A a / A b) (εHb b -εHbO 2b) + (εHbO 2a -εHb a)}
The oxygen saturation of the body is within that range, and the fingertip formed with the fingerprint also has a constant oxygen saturation.
Therefore, if the oxygen saturation calculated based on the light of the two wavelengths is included in the range of oxygen saturation that the fingertip portion of the living body can have, it can be confirmed that the object in which the fingerprint is formed is a living body.
On the other hand, in order to simplify such an algorithm, light of a third wavelength (c) different from the first wavelength may be used. The light of the third wavelength has the same εHbO 2c and εHb c . Therefore, when the first wavelength and the third wavelength are irradiated, the oxygen saturation is more simply calculated as follows.
HbO 2 SAT = {(A a / A c ) 竜 Hb c -竜 Hb a } / (竜 HbO 2a -竜 Hb a )
Another advantage of this method is that by changing the wavelength of the light to be irradiated to calculate the oxygen saturation each time the fingerprint is recognized, it becomes more difficult or impossible to make the dummy for deceiving the fingerprint recognition device.
The light having the wavelength for measuring the oxygen saturation as described above may be irradiated by the light source, the light receiving unit may receive only the light of the corresponding wavelength, or may be extracted from the light information measured by the photometry unit.
A fingerprint recognition apparatus to which the above-described fingerprint recognition method is applied can be implemented as follows.
A
The light source provided at the base may include a light source for irradiating light of a wavelength optically suitable for acquiring the shape of the fingerprint and a light source for irradiating light of a plurality of different wavelengths suitable for calculating oxygen saturation of blood have. Either of the light optically suitable for acquiring the shape of the fingerprint and the light suitable for calculating the oxygen saturation of the blood may be the same.
In addition, the present invention includes an optical information processing unit for processing optical information obtained through the
Next, the first
Of course, even if the wavelength band necessary for grasping the shape information of the fingerprint and the wavelength band necessary for grasping the oxygen saturation information of the blood inside the living body in which the fingerprint is formed are the same, it is possible to operate the apparatus through the same operation as in Fig.
On the other hand, if a photometric device for sensing light of a wavelength band necessary for grasping information of blood oxygen saturation in a living body in which fingerprints are formed in the unit area of the
The fingerprint recognition apparatus may be constructed using a prism having a trapezoidal shape as in the second embodiment of the optical system, or may be constructed using the
When a light of a wavelength band necessary for grasping blood oxygen saturation information of the inside of a living body in which a fingerprint is formed is transmitted in the infrared region, a second photometric unit for measuring the light, It may be positioned on the opposite side of the
Since the optical system described above can implement a plurality of light sources having different wavelengths and a polarizing filter having different directions in one apparatus, the principle of fingerprint recognition that detects the oxygen saturation of the blood described above and the other optical fingerprint recognition It is possible to implement them in combination. The greater the number of such combinations, the lower the possibility of using false fingerprints.
[Fingerprint recognition method and apparatus for detecting blood vessel information]
The longer the wavelength of light is, the greater its ability to penetrate the body. The near-infrared wavelength, in particular, has good permeability to the skin. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 13, in the near infrared region, the light absorption of blood is larger than that of water.
When the finger having the fingerprint is irradiated with the light having the wavelength absorbed light different from that of the water while having good ability to transmit the body, the shape of the blood vessel can be imaged.
The fingerprint recognition device using the fingerprint recognition principle can be implemented as follows.
15 and 16 are side views of a fingerprint recognition device as a modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, a second
In the structure shown in Fig. 15, the second
The first
Here, the
And a second pass filter for passing only the light of the wavelength band irradiated by the second light source unit and passing only the light of the wavelength band irradiated by the first light source unit, The first pass filter may be provided to receive the light from the first light source unit and the second pass filter to receive the light from the second light source unit.
The optical information processing section implements the blood vessel shape inside the living body from the optical information of the infrared or near infrared ray wavelength acquired by the photometry section as shown in FIG. 17, and implements the shape of the fingerprint image. Then, the optical information processing unit confirms the identity using both the image of the blood vessel shape and the image of the fingerprint shape. That is, in the fingerprint identification device, in the identification process for identifying a person having previously registered fingerprint and blood vessel information, it is checked whether the previously registered fingerprint and the blood vessel shape information match the recognized fingerprint and the vessel shape information, .
Fig. 15 exemplifies a modification of the second embodiment. However, the above-described modifications can be applied to other optical systems as described above.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 16, the
16, the
The
Regardless of which method is used, the optical information necessary for obtaining the blood vessel shape is photometrically photographed by the
The optical information processing section implements the blood vessel shape inside the living body from the optical information of the infrared or near infrared ray wavelength acquired by the photometry section as shown in FIG. 17, and implements the shape of the fingerprint image. Then, the optical information processing unit confirms the identity using both the image of the blood vessel shape and the image of the fingerprint shape. That is, in the fingerprint identification device, in the identification process for identifying a person having previously registered fingerprint and blood vessel information, it is checked whether the previously registered fingerprint and the blood vessel shape information match the recognized fingerprint and the vessel shape information, .
Although FIG. 16 exemplifies a modification of the second embodiment, the above-described modifications can be applied to other embodiments of the optical system as described above. 3, the
Since the optical system described above can implement a plurality of light sources having different wavelengths and a polarizing filter having different directions in one apparatus, the principle of the fingerprint recognition that detects the shape information of the blood vessel described above and the other optical fingerprint recognition It is possible to implement them in combination. The greater the number of such combinations, the lower the possibility of using false fingerprints.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It is obvious that it can be done. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the effects of the present invention are not explicitly described and described, but it is needless to say that the effects that can be predicted by the configurations should also be recognized.
10: Fingerprint
20: contact surface
30: light source part, first light source part
39: second light source
30-1, 30-n: first light source, nth light source
32: Base
40: a photometric unit, a first photometric unit
42:
42-1, 42-n: a first photometric element, an n-th photometric element
45: Pass filter
49: Second metering section
51: first polarizing filter
52: second polarizing filter
53: Third polarizing filter
55: beam splitter cube
56: split face
58: light absorbing film
a: first wavelength
b: second wavelength
c: Third wavelength
Claims (19)
A contact surface 20 provided at a position irradiated with light irradiated from a light source provided on the base and contacting the fingerprint 10;
A photometric unit 40 positioned adjacent to the base 32;
A first polarizing filter (51) disposed on a light path from the light source of the base to the contact surface (20);
A third polarizing filter (53) disposed on the optical path from the contact surface (20) to the photometric unit (40);
And a fingerprint recognition device.
The first direction being the polarization direction of the first polarizing filter and the third direction being the polarization direction of the third polarizing filter are perpendicular to each other
Fingerprint recognition device.
And a second polarizing filter (52) disposed on a light path from the light source of the base to the contact surface (20)
The second direction being the polarization direction of the second polarizing filter and the third direction being the polarization direction of the third polarizing filter are parallel to each other
Fingerprint recognition device.
The base 32 has an annular shape,
The photometric unit 40 is located at the center of the annular shape of the base
Fingerprint recognition device.
The base 32 is rotatable about an annular center
Fingerprint recognition device.
The first polarizing filter 51 and the third polarizing filter 53 are rotatable about the center of the annular shape of the base 32
Fingerprint recognition device.
Wherein the light source is provided with a plurality of sets of two or more LEDs for emitting light of the same peak wavelength,
Wherein at least two LEDs constituting one set are arranged radially about the photometric unit (40).
The unit area of the photometry part (40) is provided with a plurality of photometry elements each capable of measuring light of a plurality of small-band wavelengths within a predetermined wavelength band,
Wherein at least one of the plurality of small wavelength bands is within an ultraviolet wavelength range or an infrared wavelength range.
And a pass filter (45) for passing only light of a predetermined wavelength band is provided in front of the photometric unit.
The contact surface 20 is a surface forming a long side of a prism having a trapezoidal shape,
The light source unit 30 is disposed on the oblique plane of the prism, and the light emitted from the light source unit 30 passes through the oblique plane of the prism and is irradiated onto the contact surface 20,
The photometric unit (40) is disposed on a side of a trapezoidal short side to receive light passing through a surface of a short side of the prism.
A contact surface 20 provided at a position irradiated with light irradiated from a light source provided on the base and contacting the fingerprint 10;
A photometric unit 40 positioned adjacent to the base 32; And
Having a split surface (56) disposed on the light path from the light source of the base to the contact surface (20) and on the light path leading from the contact surface (20) to the light measuring portion (40) And a lid cube (55).
The installation surface of the light source unit 30 and the installation surface of the light metering unit 40 are not located on the surfaces of the beam splitter cube facing each other but are located on different surfaces with respect to the split surface 56
Fingerprint recognition device.
The contact surface 20 is located on the surface of the beam splitter cube facing the photodetection unit 40
Fingerprint recognition device.
The light source unit 30 includes an annular base 32 centered on an axis passing through the light-measuring unit 40 and the contact surface 20,
Wherein the base (32) is rotatable about a center of an annulus.
Wherein a light absorbing portion (58) is disposed between the base (32) and the beam splitter cube (55) at a portion excluding the mounting surface of the light source portion (30).
The light source unit 30 includes a circular base 32,
The base 32 is located at one side of the beam splitter cube 55,
Wherein the base (32) is rotatable with reference to the center of the circle.
The light source unit 30 includes a linear base 32,
The base 32 is located at one side of the beam splitter cube 55,
The base (32) is capable of reciprocating along the linear direction of its shape.
The unit area of the photometry part (40) is provided with a plurality of photometry elements each capable of measuring light of a plurality of small-band wavelengths within a predetermined wavelength band,
Wherein at least one of the plurality of small wavelength bands is within an ultraviolet wavelength range or an infrared wavelength range.
And a pass filter (45) for passing only light of a predetermined wavelength band is provided in front of the photometric unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020150045763A KR20160117862A (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | A Fingerprint Identifier and a Fingerprint Identifying Method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020150045763A KR20160117862A (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | A Fingerprint Identifier and a Fingerprint Identifying Method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR20160117862A true KR20160117862A (en) | 2016-10-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020150045763A KR20160117862A (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | A Fingerprint Identifier and a Fingerprint Identifying Method |
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| KR (1) | KR20160117862A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10713512B2 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2020-07-14 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electronic device and method for identifying falsification of biometric information |
-
2015
- 2015-03-31 KR KR1020150045763A patent/KR20160117862A/en unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10713512B2 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2020-07-14 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electronic device and method for identifying falsification of biometric information |
| US10839239B2 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2020-11-17 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electronic device and method for identifying falsification of biometric information |
| US11721127B2 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2023-08-08 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electronic device and method for identifying falsification of biometric information |
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