KR20160103447A - Outside wall structure for preventing spread of fire and construction method the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure for preventing spread of a fire of an outer wall of a building to prevent spread of a fire toward an upper portion of a building while an insulation material attached to and installed on an outer wall is combusted when the fire occurs in the building which has the external insulation structure and is composed of a plurality of floors. The structure for preventing spread of a fire of an outer wall of a building comprises: the insulation material attached to and installed in concrete of an outer wall; and a finishing material fixated to and installed in the outside of the insulation material. A fire-proof board horizontally disconnecting continuity with respect to the vertical direction of the insulation material is installed between the concrete of the outer wall and a finishing material.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to an outer wall structure for preventing fire from spreading,

The present invention relates to a structure for preventing fire spread on an outer wall of a building and a construction method thereof for preventing a fire from spreading to an upper part while a heat insulating material attached to an outer wall is burned when a fire occurs in a building having an outer heat insulating structure .

As the urban centralization phenomenon and thus the efficient use of land, buildings are gradually becoming larger and larger.

However, these skyscrapers show much more vulnerability to disasters than general buildings, and the resulting disaster is highly likely to cause greater casualties and property damage.

Especially, the high altitude of the skyscraper can generate the stack effect. Such a stack effect not only makes it difficult to evacuate residents when a fire occurs, but also speeds up the spread of the fire, .

Here, the stacking effect refers to a phenomenon in which air in the building receives buoyancy and moves vertically when the temperature inside the building is higher than the outside and the density is lower. Normally, the stacked room is vertically communicated like an elevator room, In the case of a fire in a skyscraper building, the air introduced through the opening of the lower part of the building is raised by buoyancy, so that not only the rapid spread of the fire but also the rise of the smoke vertically, It is difficult to evacuate the victim.

On the other hand, if the building is intended to be constructed, it is necessary to insulate the outer wall to cut the heat flow to save energy and to make the room pleasant.

The outer heat insulating structure of the outer wall is divided into an inner heat insulating material, an intermediate heat insulating material and an outer heat insulating material depending on the installation position of the heat insulating material. Among them, the outer heat insulating structure is a structure for attaching a heat insulating material to the outside of the wall, Which is the most effective insulation structure that minimizes the heat loss because it completely covers the insulation with the insulation.

Furthermore, the external heat insulating structure is the most preferable insulating structure in that it prevents the occurrence of thermal stress in the outer wall concrete by the solar radiation in the summer and prevents the thermal shock from being applied to the outer wall concrete by the sudden night cooling even in winter.

However, in the general outer wall insulation structure, since the heat insulating space serves as a vertical opening for the above-mentioned stacking effect at the time of fire occurrence, it has a problem of contributing to the rapid fire spreading to the upper part together with the exterior finishing material.

As a solution to this problem, Patent Literature 1217257 entitled " Method for preventing expansion of outer wall fire combustion of building and construction method of exterior material for preventing expansion of outer wall fire combustion of building " has been proposed.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the vertical space between the exterior material 200 and the exterior wall formed by the heat insulating material 220 and the finishing panel 210, upward and downward directions of the building The blocking member 400 is installed at a predetermined interval by the fixing bracket 300 to prevent the combustion from spreading through the vertical space when the fire occurs. The fixing bracket 300 is bolted to the outer wall A first coupling part 310 which is fixed and has a first vertical surface 311 formed along the outer wall and a first horizontal surface 312 bent from the lower end of the first vertical surface 311 toward the vertical space; And a second coupling piece 320 composed of a second horizontal surface 322 that is seated on the first horizontal surface 312 and a second vertical surface 321 that is upwardly bent from the end of the second horizontal surface 322, And a sealing member (V) applied so as to maintain airtightness above the vertical space between the bottom surface of the blocking member (400), the blocking member (400), the outer wall, the blocking member (400) .

The combustion expansion preventing structure is constructed such that the blocking member 400 is disposed in a space between the first engaging piece 310 and the second engaging piece 320 of the fixing bracket 300 so that the outer surface of the heat insulating material 220, The vertical openings communicating with each other are ignited due to the combustion of the heat insulating material 200. This can not completely prevent the stacking effect when an actual fire occurs, There is a problem in that it is not so effective in prevention.

KR 10-1217257 B1

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fire-extinguishing system for a fire extinguishing system, It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire prevention structure for an outer wall of a building having an outer heat insulating structure in which fire is not rapidly diffused by preventing a stacking effect from being generated by preventing vertical openings from being formed, .

According to a most preferred embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, there is provided a heat insulating material for a vehicle, comprising: a heat insulating material attached to an outer wall concrete; and a finishing material fixedly installed outside the heat insulating material, Wherein a fire prevention board is provided for horizontally separating the continuity of the exterior wall of the building.

In this case, the adhesive for attaching the heat insulating material to the outer wall concrete can be composed of acrylic resin and cement mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1.5.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the fire-proofing board is installed within a range of the upper and lower widths (H) of the outer wall concrete where the interlayer slab separating each layer is located. A fire prevention structure is provided.

According to still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a concrete structure, comprising: i) arranging a base surface of an outer wall concrete; (Ii) installing an inner holder and a support bracket on the base of the outer wall concrete; Iii) fixing the adjustment bracket to the support bracket and fixing the reference finishing material to which the outer mounting bracket is attached in advance to the adjustment bracket; Iv) applying an adhesive to the concrete wall of the outer wall and attaching the heat insulating material; And (v) installing the remaining finishing material on the basis of the reference finishing material. The method for constructing a fire preventing structure for a building outer wall concrete having an external heat insulating structure is provided.

Since the fire prevention structure of the outer wall of the building according to the present invention has an outer heat insulating structure, it minimizes the energy loss, and the combustion of the heat insulating material is cut off in each layer and the stack effect can not be fundamentally generated. Prevent spreading and ensure safe digestion and safe evacuation of residents.

Also, according to the present invention, it is possible to absorb the displacement such as cracks of the outer wall concrete, thereby enhancing the durability of the heat insulating structure.

In addition, the present invention allows the finishing material to be precisely constructed since the reference finishing material of each layer is installed first and then the remaining finishing material is applied based on the reference finishing material.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure for preventing expansion of a building outer wall according to the prior art; FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fire prevention structure of an outer wall of a building according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a support bracket for installing a finishing material in the fire prevention structure and an adjustable stand fixed thereto.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of a construction method of the fire prevention structure. FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, in order to obscure or obscure the technical idea of the present invention due to the detailed description of the known structure in describing the present invention, the description of the structure of the above known structure will be omitted.

2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a fire prevention structure of an outer wall of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the outer heat insulating structure having the fire prevention structure of the outer wall of the building according to the present invention includes a heat insulating material 20 attached to the outer wall concrete 10, And a fire board 40 horizontally installed between the outer wall concrete 10 and the finishing material 30.

The heat insulating material 20 is a basic constitution for insulation of the outer wall and may be made of various materials such as glass fiber. Preferably, the heat insulating material 20 is made of foamed polystyrene and has no deformation or warping.

If the heat insulating material 20 made of foamed molded polystyrene is formed at a low density, the heat insulating performance is insufficient. However, an excessively high density may not only increase the material cost but also lower the functionality. Therefore, the heat insulating material 20 should have a proper density and most preferably have a density of 0.016 g / cm3.

The heat insulating material 20 is attached to the outer wall concrete 10 of the building. Various types of adhesives may be used, but acrylic resin is preferably used. The adhesive strength to the outer wall concrete 10 such as concrete It is mixed with cement which is an inorganic material which is the same as the outer wall concrete 10.

At this time, if the cement is used excessively, the adhesive force is lowered and the heat insulating material 20 may be detached from the outer wall concrete 10. Therefore, the mixing ratio of acrylic resin and cement is 1: 1.5 by weight.

If necessary, a fixing means such as a fastener (not shown) may be used in place of or in addition to the above-mentioned adhesive.

A glass fiber mesh (not shown) may further be interposed between the outer wall concrete 10 and the heat insulating material 20.

The glass fiber mesh is to be applied to the outer wall concrete 10 after the adhesive is precoated, and is to be subjected to alkali-proof coating so as not to cause corrosion and to be flame-retarded so that the flame does not spread during the fire.

This glass fiber mesh increases the bonding strength between the outer wall concrete 10 and the heat insulating material 20, prevents damage to the outer wall due to an external impact, and prevents cracking, thereby enhancing the durability of the outer heat insulating structure.

And the finishing material 30 is placed on the outer surface of the heat insulating material 20. [

To this end, a plurality of support brackets 50, which penetrate the heat insulating material 20 so as to protrude from the outer surface of the heat insulating material 20, are fixedly installed at the outer wall concrete 10 at regular intervals.

Fig. 3 shows the structure of the support bracket 50 and the adjustable bar 60 fixed thereto.

The support bracket 50 is structured such that the fixing portion 51 and the supporting portion 52 are formed in the shape of a letterhead. The fixing portion 51 is provided with an anchor hole 51a, The fixing hole 52a is formed.

The adjuster 60 is installed to extend outward from the supporter 52 by fastening a bolt 62 to a fixing hole 52a of the supporter 52. The adjuster 60 has a T- .

The adjuster 60 is provided with a control hole 60a for fastening the bolt 62 to the fixing hole 52a of the support 52. The control hole 60a has a slit shape, To be spaced from the outer surface of the outer wall concrete (10).

It is preferable that the finishing material 30 is spaced apart from the outer surface of the heat insulating material 20 by a predetermined distance by using the adjuster 60. [ Separating the finishing material 30 from the heat insulating material 20 not only facilitates the flat construction of the finishing material 30, An air flow passage is formed inside the finishing material 30 to prevent the occurrence of whitening due to condensation on the outer wall.

Between the outer wall concrete 10 and the finishing material 30, a fire board 40 for horizontally separating the continuity of the heat insulating material 20 in the vertical direction is provided.

The fire board 40 prevents flames, smoke, and gas from diffusing upward.

When the fire occurs, the heat insulating material 20 for external heat is burnt, and the space for installing the heat insulating material 20 forms a vertical opening communicating with the upper and lower sides. The vertical opening is formed by a vertical passage The fire board 40 installed in the horizontal direction prevents the vertical opening communicated with the upper and lower portions from being formed even if the heat insulator 20 is burned so that the flame or the like due to the stack effect can not be diffused.

The fireproof sealant 41 may be further provided at each of the portions where the fireproof board 40 contacts the outer wall concrete 10 and the finishing material 30 to enhance the airtightness between the upper and lower portions. In this case, the fire board 40 may be installed in two or more layers in order to use a standard product. When the fire barrier sealant 41 is provided between each of the layers, To prevent the toxic gas generated by the combustion of the exhaust gas from flowing upward.

It is preferable that the fire board 40 having such a structure is installed within a range of the upper and lower widths H of the outer wall where the interlayer slab S separating the layers is located. The installation of the fire board 40 within the range of the upper and lower widths H enables the thermal bridge phenomenon due to the disconnection of the heat insulating material 20 to be minimized.

As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (d), the fire prevention structure of the outer wall of the building according to the present invention described above can be constructed by the following method.

I) First, the base surface of the outer wall concrete 10 is arranged. The smoothness of the base surface of the outer wall concrete 10 is maintained so that the adhesive can have a uniform thickness.

Also, it is preferable that the base surface is not smooth and the base surface is not excessively dried so that dry out phenomenon does not occur.

Ii) An inner cradle (71) is installed at a lower portion of a floor surface of the outer wall concrete (10) where a fire board (40) is to be installed. The inner cradle 71 may be formed of a braided metal material having a vertical fixing surface attached to the outer wall concrete 10 and a horizontal mounting surface on which the fire board 40 is placed.

The inner mounting table 71 is installed at a predetermined interval in the horizontal direction at a position where the fire board 40 to be mounted can be installed within a range of the upper and lower widths H of the outer wall where the interlayer slab S is located.

A supporting bracket 50 for installing the finishing material 30 is fixed to the base surface of the outer wall concrete 10 together with the inner mounting base 71 in advance.

To this end, the outer wall concrete 10 is first drilled and then the anchor body 53 is fixed and the bolt portion of the anchor body 53 is fixed to the anchor hole 51a provided in the fixing portion 51 of the support bracket 50 And then fastened with a nut to complete the installation of the support bracket 50.

Iii) When the installation of the inner cradle 71 and the support bracket 50 to the outer wall concrete 10 is completed, as shown in Fig. 4 (a), the fireproof board 40 of the entire finishing material 30 Only the finishing material 30 to which the ends are attached (referred to as 'reference finishing material' in order to distinguish the finishing material from the remaining finishing materials) is to be obtained. The reference finishing material 30 'is installed at a position where the interlayer slab S is located together with the fire board 40. This not only enables the precise construction of the fire board 40, It is a standard for the installation of the remaining finishing material 30 to be installed after the construction so that the finishing material 30 can be precisely installed.

In this way, the reference finishing material 30 'is installed prior to the construction of the heat insulating material 20. To this end, the reference finishing material 30' is provided so as to have a designed distance between the outer wall concrete 10 and the finishing material 30, And the adjusting bolt 60 is fastened to the support bracket 50 by aligning the position of the adjusting bolt 60a of the adjusting bolt 60 and the position of the adjusting bolt 60a of the adjusting bolster 60. Then, the reference finishing material 30 'is installed using the fitting jaws 61 of the adjuster 60.

At this time, an outer mount 72 for mounting the outer end of the fire board 40 is attached to the inner surface of the reference finish 30 'in advance so as to correspond to the inner mount 71 attached to the outer wall concrete 10.

When the installation of the reference finishing material 30 'is completed, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the fireproof board 40 is attached to the outer wall concrete 10 and the reference finishing material 30' 72 to completely separate the vertical space between the outer wall concrete 10 and the finishing material 30 up and down.

Therefore, the heat insulating material 20 attached to the outer wall concrete 10 is partitioned by the fire board 40 so that the flame of the lower heat insulating material 20 is blocked by the fire board 40.

As described above, when the fire board 40 is installed between the outer wall concrete 10 and the reference finishing material 30 ', the outer wall concrete 10 and the fire barrier 40, The airtight sealant 41 can be applied to the end portion to enhance the airtightness. The fireproof sealant 41 prevents the smoke or gas from being introduced into the upper portion and absorbs a displacement such as a crack of the outer wall concrete 10 to prevent the heat insulating structure from being broken due to breakage of the heat insulating material 20. [ I can expect that.

Iv) After the installation of the fireproof board 40 and the reference finishing material 30 'is completed, the adhesive is applied to the base surface of the outer wall concrete 10 to a uniform thickness, and then the heat insulating material 20 is applied. FIG. 4 (c) shows a state in which the heat insulating material 20 is attached to the outer wall concrete 10.

It is preferable to use an acrylic resin as the adhesive. In this case, the mixing ratio with the cement is set to be 1: 1.5 by weight, so that the adhesive strength is not lowered by overuse of the cement.

The heat insulating material 20 is attached to the outer wall concrete 10 to which the adhesive is applied so that the supporting portion 52 of the supporting bracket 50 to which the finishing material 30 is not yet attached is protruded to the outside of the heat insulating material 20. [ do.

4 (d), when the heat insulating material 20 is attached, the adjusting bracket 60 is fixed to the supporting portion 52 of the supporting bracket 50, and then the finishing material 30 It is installed to complete the construction of the external insulation structure of the building with fire prevention structure. Although the above-described construction method is not described separately, it is possible to add a glass fiber mesh or add a fastener for the purpose of increasing the adhesion strength of the heat insulating material 20 as described above.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It is obvious that it will be possible to carry out various modifications thereof. For example, in the above construction method, the heat insulating material 20 is installed on the upper and lower sides of the fire board 40 after the fire board 40 is installed. However, when the heat insulating material 20 is applied to the outer wall concrete 10, A groove may be formed in the heat insulating material 20 at a predetermined position, and the fire board 40 may be inserted into the groove. It is therefore intended that such modifications are within the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.

10; Outer wall concrete 20; insulator
30; Finishing material 30 '; Reference finish
40; A fire board 41; Fireproof sealant
50; Support bracket 60; Adjustable
71; Inner holder 72; Outer cradle

Claims (5)

In a building having a plurality of layers and having an external heat insulating structure,
The outer heat insulating structure is composed of a heat insulating material 20 attached to the outer wall concrete 10 and a finishing material 30 fixed to the outside of the heat insulating material 20. The outer wall concrete 10 and the finishing material 30, Wherein a fire board (40) for horizontally separating the continuity of the heat insulating material (20) in the vertical direction is provided between the heat insulating material (20) and the heat insulating material (20).
The fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the fire board (40) contacting the outer wall concrete (10) and the finishing material (30) is sealed by a fire sealant (41) Prevention structure.
The building of claim 1, wherein the adhesive for attaching the heat insulating material (20) to the outer wall concrete (10) is formed by mixing acrylic resin and cement at a weight ratio of 1: 1.5. Diffusion prevention structure.
4. The fire-fighting system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fire board (40) is installed within a range of a vertical width (H) of an outer wall concrete (10) where an interlayer slab (S) Fire prevention structure of outer wall of buildings with external insulation structure.
In the case of finishing the outer wall of a multi-layer building,
I) arranging a base surface of the outer wall concrete (10);
Ii) installing an inner cradle (71) and a support bracket (50) on the base surface of the outer wall concrete (10);
Iii) fixing the adjustment bracket (60) to the support bracket (50) and fixing the reference finishing member (30 ') to which the outer mounting bracket (72) is preattached to the adjustment bracket (60);
Iv) applying an adhesive to the surface of the outer wall concrete (10) and attaching the heat insulating material (20);
And (v) installing the remaining finishing material (30) on the basis of the reference finishing material (30 ').

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