KR20160102873A - Remote gas cell detector - Google Patents

Remote gas cell detector Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20160102873A
KR20160102873A KR1020150106526A KR20150106526A KR20160102873A KR 20160102873 A KR20160102873 A KR 20160102873A KR 1020150106526 A KR1020150106526 A KR 1020150106526A KR 20150106526 A KR20150106526 A KR 20150106526A KR 20160102873 A KR20160102873 A KR 20160102873A
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Prior art keywords
wavelength
optical fiber
gas cell
gas
tunable laser
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KR1020150106526A
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Korean (ko)
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한영근
김선덕
심영보
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한양대학교 산학협력단
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
    • G01N2021/392—Measuring reradiation, e.g. fluorescence, backscatter
    • G01N2021/393—Measuring reradiation, e.g. fluorescence, backscatter and using a spectral variation of the interaction of the laser beam and the sample
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
    • G01N2201/061—Sources
    • G01N2201/06113—Coherent sources; lasers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
    • G01N2201/063—Illuminating optical parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
    • G01N2201/063—Illuminating optical parts
    • G01N2201/0636—Reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
    • G01N2201/063—Illuminating optical parts
    • G01N2201/0638—Refractive parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/08—Optical fibres; light guides
    • G01N2201/0806—Light rod
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/08—Optical fibres; light guides
    • G01N2201/0833—Fibre array at detector, resolving

Abstract

The remote gas cell detector according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a tunable laser for varying a wavelength with time, a gas cell capable of detecting the degree of absorption of an output of a tunable laser incident on the wavelength tunable laser, And a spectroscope connected to the gas cell and the output-end optical fiber and capable of acquiring the spectroscopic information by selectively detecting the wavelength output via the output-end optical fiber, and the distance measurement of the gas concentration is possible.

Description

[0001] REMOTE GAS CELL DETECTOR [0002]

The following embodiments relate to remote gas cell detectors.

The gas detector is based on various academic and industrial fields such as environmental engineering, energy industry, heavy industry, and is used as detection technology for various gas concentration and selective gas detection.

  In general, the gas cell detector has all optical systems including a light source, a gas cell detection unit, and a spectroscopic characteristic detection unit implemented as bulk optics. And is also implemented by a method of predicting the spectral information using the wavelength tunability characteristic of the light source.

 In general gas cell detectors, all configurations are implemented with bulk optics, which restricts the movement of the gas cell detection unit and is not suitable for a remote sensor. Also, there is no way to confirm accurate spectral characteristics.

Korean Patent 2006-0127438 discloses an optical type gas detection sensor, which relates to a device used for gas detection.

 An object of an embodiment is to provide a remote gas detection technique using an optical fiber to facilitate remote measurement when there is a risk of environmental pollution or exposure to poison gas in detecting gas.

In addition, an object of an embodiment is to provide a remote gas cell detector that can more accurately measure a gas concentration detected based on accurate spectroscopic information using a diffraction grating, a concave mirror, a slit, a photodetector, or the like.

The remote gas cell detector according to an embodiment of the present invention can detect the degree of absorption of the output of the wavelength tunable laser connected to the tunable laser by the wavelength tunable laser, And a spectroscope which is connected to the gas cell and the output end optical fiber and can obtain spectral information by selectively detecting a wavelength output via the output end optical fiber, thereby enabling measurement of the gas concentration at a long distance.

Wherein the spectroscope includes a collimator provided at a distal end of the output end optical fiber and capable of producing collimated light, a diffraction grating capable of forming diffraction angles of the parallel light different from each other for each wavelength emitted from the collimator, A slit that is provided at a position where the focal point is formed for each wavelength to allow a selected wavelength to pass therethrough, and a photodetector capable of obtaining spectral information of the selected wavelength, . ≪ / RTI >

The spectroscope further includes a moving stage, wherein the slit and the photodetector are fixed on the moving stage and can be moved to scan the position of the focus by wavelength.

The spectroscope may further include a rotation stage, and the rotation grating may be fixed to the rotation stage to rotate the rotation grating such that the diffraction angle of the parallel light changes.

The tunable laser may include a quantum-water laser or a periodically poled LiNbO 3 -based tunable laser to implement a tunable laser in the mid-infrared band.

The input / output optical fiber may be a hollow core fiber, a silver halide fiber, a tellurium halide fiber, a chalcogenide optical fiber (hereinafter, referred to as " chalcogenide fiber, a fluoride fiber, or a sapphire fiber.

The input / output optical fiber is packed with a single cable so that durability is improved and line twisting can be prevented.

The remote gas cell detector further includes a control unit capable of controlling the tunable laser and the photodetector, a transmission unit connected to the control unit and transmitting a gas detection signal through a wireless communication technique, And a signal processing unit for processing the received gas detection signal.

In addition, an optical switch having a plurality of gas cells of the remote gas cell detector and having a plurality of output terminals connected to the input / output stage optical fiber and individually connected to the plurality of gas cells, And may further include a signal processing unit connected thereto.

A spectroscopic apparatus of a remote gas cell detector capable of measuring a gas concentration at a long distance includes an optical fiber for guiding light generated from a light source, a collimator provided at a distal end of the optical fiber to make the collimated light, A concave mirror or a convex lens capable of forming a focal point of the parallel light having a different diffraction angle at different positions according to wavelengths, a diffraction grating capable of diffracting the diffraction angle of the parallel light for different wavelengths,

And a photodetector provided at a position where the focal point is formed for each wavelength so as to allow the selected wavelength to pass therethrough and the spectroscopic information of the selected wavelength. .

The spectroscope further includes a moving stage, wherein the slit and the photodetector are fixed on the moving stage and can be moved to scan the position of the focal point by wavelength.

The spectroscope may further include a rotation stage, and the rotation grating may be fixed to the rotation stage to rotate the rotation grating so that the diffraction angle of the parallel light changes.

 The remote gas cell detector according to an exemplary embodiment may detect a remote gas using an optical fiber to facilitate remote measurement when there is a risk of environmental contamination or exposure to a toxic gas in the detection of the gas.

Further, it is possible to more precisely measure the concentration of the detected gas based on accurate spectral information by using a diffraction grating, a concave mirror, a slit, a photodetector and the like.

1 shows a configuration of a remote gas cell detector.
2 shows the configuration of a spectroscope including a moving stage and the principle of wavelength scanning.
3 shows a configuration of a spectroscope including a rotation stage and a principle of wavelength scanning.
4 shows a configuration of a remote gas cell detector including an optical fiber cable.
5 shows the configuration of a wireless remote gas cell detector.
6 shows the configuration of a distributed remote gas cell detector having a plurality of gas cells connected by an optical switch.
7 is a graph showing the degree of absorption of gas by wavelength.
8 shows the structure of the gas cell.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description is one of many aspects of the embodiments and the following description forms part of a detailed description of the embodiments.

In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the subject matter of the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows a configuration of a remote gas cell detector 100, and Fig. 2 shows a configuration of a spectroscope 150 including a moving stage 156 and a wavelength scanning principle. 3 shows a configuration of a spectroscope 150 including a rotation stage 157 and a principle of wavelength scanning. Fig. 4 shows a configuration of a remote gas cell detector 100 including an optical fiber cable C, 1 shows a configuration of a wireless remote gas cell detector 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a configuration of a dispersion type remote gas cell detector 100 having a plurality of gas cells 130 connected by an optical switch 170, and FIG. 7 is a graph showing the extent of gas absorption by wavelengths. Fig. 8 shows a configuration of the gas cell 130. Fig.

Referring to FIG. 1, a remote gas cell detector 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a tunable laser 111 for varying a wavelength with time, a tunable laser 111 connected to the tunable laser 111 by an input optical fiber 120, A gas cell 130 capable of detecting the degree of absorption of the output of the wavelength tunable laser 111 and a gas cell 130 connected to the output end optical fiber 140 via the output optical fiber 140, And may include a spectroscope 150 capable of selectively detecting wavelengths to obtain spectroscopic information, and it is possible to measure the gas concentration at a distance.

By driving the tunable laser driver 112 of the tunable laser section 110, the wavelength can be varied with time through the tunable laser 111. By using this, spectral information can be obtained through the time division method.

The wavelength tunable laser 111 is capable of changing the wavelength of the middle infrared band which is an absorption band of various gases such as nitrogen dioxide (N 2 O), ethylene (C 2 H 4), ammonia (NH 3), sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6), and ozone Various wavelength tunable lasers can be used to implement the laser, including quantum-water lasers or periodically poled LiNbO3-based tunable lasers. However, the wavelength tunable laser 111 is not limited to the above example, but may also include other material-based wavelength tunable lasers.

The wavelength tunable laser 111 may be connected to the gas cell 130 through the input optical fiber 120 and the gas cell 130 may be connected to the spectroscope 150 through the output optical fiber 140. The output of the tunable laser 111 is guided to the gas cell 130 by the input / output optical fibers 120 and 140, and the degree of absorption of each wavelength can be detected.

 The optical fibers 120 and 140 for guiding the infrared rays to the optical fibers 120 and 140 may be a hollow core fiber, a silver halide fiber, a tellurium halide fiber, a chalcogenide optical fiber a chalcogenide fiber, a fluoride fiber or a sapphire fiber, and the like. However, the optical fibers 120 and 140 are not limited to the above examples, and may include other types of optical fibers.

The spectroscope 150 includes a collimator 151 disposed at a distal end of the output end optical fiber 140 and capable of producing collimated light, a diffraction grating 151 capable of diffracting the diffraction angle of the collimated light emitted from the collimator 151, 152, a concave mirror or a convex lens 153 which can form a focal point of parallel light having a diffraction angle different from one wavelength to another, and a slit 154 And a photodetector 155 capable of obtaining spectral information of a selected wavelength. With such a spectroscope 150, accurate spectroscopic information can be obtained.

The collimator 151 is positioned at the distal end of the output stage optical fiber 140 so as to obtain the spectroscopic information using the photodetector 155. The collimated light is converted into parallel light by using the diffraction grating 152, So that the angle is different. Thereafter, the concave mirror or the convex lens 153 is used to form a focus at a different position for each wavelength, and the slit 154 is positioned at a position where the wavelength focus is formed so that only the selected wavelength can be passed. At this time, if the light is incident on the diffraction grating 152 having the a period such that the incident angle? I is 90 degrees, the diffracted angle can be expressed by the following equation.

Figure pat00001
... ... Equation (1)

The dispersion value of the grating can also be expressed as follows.

Figure pat00002
... ... Equation (2)

The spectroscope can be designed in consideration of Equation (1) and Equation (2).

Referring to FIG. 2, the spectroscope 150 may further include a movement stage 156 to selectively detect wavelengths in a spectroscope 150 implementation technique. At this time, the slit 154 and the photodetector 155 are fixed on the moving stage 156 to move the moving stage as shown in FIGS. 2 (a), (b) and (c) The location can be scanned. Therefore, light can be detected while varying the wavelength.

Still referring to FIG. 3, the spectroscope 150 may further include a rotation stage 157, in another manner that can selectively detect wavelengths in a spectroscopic implementation technique. At this time, the rotary grid 152 is fixed to the rotary stage 157, and the rotary stage 157 is rotated to rotate the rotary grid 152 as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, So that the diffraction angle of the parallel light can be changed. Therefore, light can be detected while varying the wavelength.

Referring to FIG. 4, an optical fiber cable C of a remote gas cell detector 100 based on optical fibers 120 and 140 is shown. The input and output optical fibers 120 and 140 used to implement the remote gas cell detector 100 may be packaged with one cable C to increase the durability and prevent the twist.

5, a control unit 180 and a radio signal transmission unit 191 are connected to the optical fiber-based remote gas cell detector 100 to control the tunable laser 111 and the optical detector 155, To the remote radio signal receiving unit 192 through the wireless communication technology. A signal processing unit 160 may be provided for processing these signals. The signal processor 160 may be an electronic device such as a computer, a mobile phone, or a tablet. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Further, in the wireless remote gas cell detector technology, a plurality of gas cell detectors 100 are connected to a plurality of transmitters 191 and receive a gas detection signal through one or more receivers 192 to analyze the gas detection signal There is also water.

Referring to FIG. 6, in the dispersed remote gas cell detector 100, a plurality of gas cells 130 may be provided, and the plurality of gas cells 130 may be connected to the input / output optical fibers 120 and 140, And a signal processor 160 connected to the optical switch 170 and the optical switch 170. The optical switch 170 includes a plurality of output terminals, Therefore, the gas can be selectively detected according to the purpose of the user.

Referring to FIG. 7, the degree of absorption of gas by wavelength can be known. Depending on the type of line shown in the graph, it can be determined which type of gas has been absorbed, and the gas concentration can be determined according to the degree of bending of the line.

8, the gas cell 130 includes a gas cell inlet 131, a gas cell light input 132, a gas cell light output 133, A concave mirror 134 for a cell, and a beam path 135. The light incident on the gas cell 130 can be repeatedly diffracted by the concave mirror 134 for the gas cell.

Using such a remote gas cell detector 100, a gas cell detector composed of conventional bulk optics can easily measure remote gas where there is a risk of environmental pollution or poison gas exposure which is difficult to detect have. In addition, it is possible to more accurately measure the concentration of the detected gas based on accurate spectral information.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes may be made thereto by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. Therefore, the spirit of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the above-described embodiments, and all of the equivalents or equivalents of the claims, as well as the following claims, are included in the scope of the present invention.

100: remote gas cell detector
110: wavelength tunable laser section
111: wavelength tunable laser
112: Tunable laser driver
120: input stage optical fiber
130: gas cell
131: Gas cell inlet
132: gas cell light input section
133: Gas cell light output section
134: concave mirror for gas cell
135: beam path
140: output stage optical fiber
150: spectroscope
151: Collimator
152: diffraction grating
153: concave mirror or convex lens for spectroscope
154: slit
155: Photodetector
156: Moving stage
157: rotating stage
160: Signal processor
170: Optical switch
180:
190: Transmitting /
191:
192:
C: Fiber-optic protective cable

Claims (12)

An optical fiber based remote gas cell detector,
A tunable laser which varies the wavelength with time;
A gas cell connected to the tunable laser by an input end optical fiber to detect the degree of absorption of the output of the wavelength tunable laser incident on the wavelength tunable laser; And
A spectroscope connected to the gas cell and the output end optical fiber and capable of obtaining spectral information by selectively detecting a wavelength output via the output end optical fiber;
Lt; / RTI >
Remote gas cell detector capable of long distance measurement of gas concentration.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the spectroscope comprises:
A collimator provided at a distal end of the output-end optical fiber and capable of producing collimated light;
A diffraction grating for diffracting the parallel light emitted from the collimator in different wavelengths;
A concave mirror or a convex lens capable of forming a focal point of the parallel light having a different diffraction angle at different positions for respective wavelengths;
A slit provided at a position where the focal point is formed for each wavelength so that a selected wavelength can pass therethrough; And
A photodetector capable of obtaining spectral information of the selected wavelength;
And a remote gas cell detector.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the spectrograph further comprises a moving stage wherein the slit and the photodetector are fixed on the moving stage and can be moved to scan the position of the focus by wavelength.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the spectroscope further comprises a rotating stage and the rotating grid is fixed to the rotating stage such that the rotating grid can be rotated such that the diffraction angle of the parallel light is changed.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the wavelength tunable laser comprises a quantum-water laser or a periodically poled LiNbO3-based wavelength tunable laser to implement a tunable laser in the mid-infrared band.
The method according to claim 1,
The input / output optical fiber may be a hollow core fiber, a silver halide fiber, a tellurium halide fiber, a chalcogenide optical fiber (hereinafter, referred to as " chalcogenide fiber, a fluoride fiber, or a sapphire fiber.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the input / output optical fiber is packed with a single cable so that durability can be improved and line twist can be prevented.
The method according to claim 1,
A control unit capable of controlling the wavelength tunable laser and the photodetector;
A transmitter connected to the controller for transmitting a gas detection signal through a wireless communication technology;
A receiving unit spaced apart from the transmitting unit and receiving the gas detection signal; And
A signal processing unit for processing the received gas detection signal;
Further comprising: a remote gas cell detector.
The method according to claim 1,
The plurality of gas cells may be provided,
An optical switch connected to the input / output optical fiber and having a plurality of output terminals to be individually connected to the plurality of gas cells; And
A signal processor connected to the optical switch;
Further comprising:
A remote gas cell detector capable of selectively detecting gas.
A spectroscope of a remote gas cell detector capable of remote measurement of gas concentration,
An optical fiber through which light emitted from a light source is guided;
A collimator provided at a distal end of the optical fiber to convert the light into parallel light;
A diffraction grating for diffracting the parallel light emitted from the collimator in different wavelengths;
A concave mirror or a convex lens capable of forming a focal point of the parallel light having a different diffraction angle at different positions for respective wavelengths;
A slit provided at a position where the focal point is formed for each wavelength so that a selected wavelength can pass therethrough; And
A photodetector capable of obtaining spectral information of the selected wavelength;
Lt; / RTI >
And a spectroscopic characteristic can be grasped from the spectroscopic information of the selected wavelength.
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the spectroscopic device further comprises a moving stage wherein the slit and the photodetector are fixed on the moving stage and can be moved to scan the position of the focal point by wavelength.
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the spectroscopic device further comprises a rotation stage and the rotation grating is fixed to the rotation stage so that the rotation grating can be rotated so that the diffraction angle of the parallel light is changed.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106525767A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-03-22 重庆大学 Micro near-infrared spectrum analysis system for online oil gas detection
CN108287141A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-07-17 北京遥测技术研究所 A kind of multicomponent gas concentration analysis method based on spectroscopic methodology
US10904971B2 (en) 2019-03-29 2021-01-26 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Optical apparatus using multi-wavelength light

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106525767A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-03-22 重庆大学 Micro near-infrared spectrum analysis system for online oil gas detection
CN108287141A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-07-17 北京遥测技术研究所 A kind of multicomponent gas concentration analysis method based on spectroscopic methodology
CN108287141B (en) * 2017-12-21 2020-11-10 北京遥测技术研究所 Multi-component gas concentration analysis method based on spectrum method
US10904971B2 (en) 2019-03-29 2021-01-26 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Optical apparatus using multi-wavelength light

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