KR20160101680A - Injection valve for a gaseous or liquid medium and method for producing said injection valve - Google Patents

Abstract

Suggested is an injection valve for a gas or liquid medium, having a blocking body and a valve seat. The blocking body can be moved between an opening position where the blocking body is spaced from the valve seat and a closing position where a blocking body-contact area of the blocking body comes in contact with a valve seat-contact area of the valve seat by using a sealing method. Moreover, the blocking body-contact area and/or the valve seat-contact area have a microstructure increasing friction between the blocking body-contact area and the valve seat-contact area.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an injection valve for a gas or a liquid medium,

The invention relates to a jet valve for gas or liquid media according to the preamble of the independent claims, and to a method of manufacturing a jet valve for gas or liquid media.

The injection valves in the above-described manner can be used for metering of the media. These injection valves are preferably used to inject fuel into the combustion chamber or intake channel of the internal combustion engine in the fuel system of the internal combustion engine. In general, such injection valves include a shut-off body and a valve seat. The blocking body is generally movable between an open position and a closed position. In the open position, the blocking body is spaced from the valve seat, so that the medium can flow through the valve. The shut-off body-contact area of the shut-off body at the closed position generally contacts the valve seat-contact area of the valve seat in a sealing manner, so that the outflow of the medium into the combustion chamber or suction channel is completely blocked.

The life of these injection valves is highly dependent on the wear of the shut-off body and the valve seat because the shut-off body and valve seat are repeatedly contacted and wear due to friction. It is known to cure the shut-off body and / or the valve seat or to provide a wear-resistant coating to the shut-off body and / or valve seat to reduce this wear. However, the lifetime extension achievable by these measures is limited.

An object of the present invention is to further extend the life of the injection valve.

In the injection valve according to the present invention having the features of the independent claims and the method of manufacturing the injection valve according to the present invention, unlike the prior art, the friction between the shut-off body-contact area and the valve seat- And / or microstructure in the valve seat-contact area. Thus, the slip motion of the shut-off body relative to the valve seat upon opening and / or closing of the valve is reduced. This reduction in slip motion reduces wear on the shut-off body and / or valve seat, thereby extending the life of the entire valve.

The microstructure of the shut-off body-contact zone and the microstructure of the valve seat-contact zone interact in the closed position, preferably because the valve seat-contact zone as well as the shut-off body-contact zone comprise a microstructure which increases friction . Particularly preferably, the microstructure increases the roughness of the shut-off body in the shut-off body-contact area and the roughness of the valve seat in the valve seat-contact area, so that the microstructures can engage with each other in the closed position, have. This further reduces the undesired relative motion of the shut-off body and valve seat, thereby extending the service life of the valve. Also, by the engagement of the microstructures of the shut-off body and the valve seat, a high contact area ratio and an improved sealing effect in the sealing sheet at the closed position can be achieved.

The blocking body may be formed without microstructures outside the blocking body-contacting region. In addition, the valve seat can be formed without microstructure outside the valve seat-contact area.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims, and the detailed description with reference to the drawings.

According to a preferred embodiment, the microstructure includes convex structural elements, so that the roughness of the cut-off body-contact area or valve seat-contact area is increased. The convex structural elements engage a contact area that is disposed opposite in the closed position, whereby friction between the shut-off body and the valve seat can be increased.

Preferably, it comprises structural elements formed as substantially linear protrusions in which the microstructures are aligned in parallel. The structural elements can be formed as ridges, and the ridges are separated from each other by ditches. Microstructures comprising parallelly aligned, substantially linear protrusions can be produced, for example, by machining the surface of a shut-off body or valve seat by laser radiation.

In this regard, it is particularly preferred that the microstructures include structural elements formed as laser-induced periodic surface structures. These microstructures are also referred to as self-organized ripple-structures. The structural elements may have dimensions and / or intervals that are less than or equal to the wavelength of the laser light used.

According to a preferred embodiment, the microstructure includes structural elements projecting in a direction away from the shut-off body or valve seat, aligned transversely with respect to the direction of movement of the blocking element, in particular with respect to the direction of movement of the movement between the open and closed positions do. This arrangement of the structural elements can improve the sealing effect of the valve in the closed position. Particularly preferred sealing effects are achieved when the structural elements project in a direction away from the shut-off body or valve seat, which is aligned perpendicular to the direction of movement of the blocking element.

According to a preferred embodiment, the microstructure comprises structural elements formed as circular and concentrically arranged protrusions, the protrusions having a flattened cross-section, whereby a plurality of structural elements of the microstructure are arranged in the closed position of the injection valve It is possible to contact the contact surface of each of the other elements-the shut-off body or the valve seat. For example, if a microstructure is provided that includes structural elements having a cross-section that is formed and flattened as circular and concentrically located protrusions within the valve seat-contact area, if the shield body-contact area does not include microstructures, The elements can also contact a plurality of points of the cut-off body-contact area in the closed position. In this regard, the microstructure forms a labyrinth seal, thereby improving the sealability of the injection valve at the closed position.

It is preferred that the microstructures include structural elements that are spaced apart from each other by less than 150 占 퐉 so that the particles can be received within the area between the structural elements at the closed position of the shutoff body. By the reception of particles between the structural elements, the risk of damage to the valve seat-contact area and / or the shut-off body-contact area by the particles can be reduced. With respect to prevention of such damage, it is particularly preferable that the interval of the structural elements is in the range of 30 탆 to 150 탆, preferably in the range of 50 탆 to 100 탆, particularly preferably in the range of 60 탆 to 80 탆.

According to a preferred embodiment, the microstructures comprise structural elements which are arranged one above the other with a spacing of less than 5 [micro] m, preferably less than 1 [micro] m, whereby an improvement of the sealing effect can be achieved.

It is preferred that the microstructure comprises structural elements and the ratio of the height of the structural elements to the spacing of the structural elements is in the range of 0.2 to 1, preferably in the range of 0.3 to 0.6. By such dimensioning of the structural elements, the coefficient of friction of the shut-off body and the valve seat, which enables a particularly high sealing effect and in particular a low wear, can be set.

The present invention is preferably applied to a spray valve comprising a shut-off body and a funnel-shaped valve seat formed in a spherical or conical shape. In the case of a spherical isolation body, the isolation body-contact region is preferably formed in the form of a shell of a spherical layer. The cone blocking body includes a blocking body-contacting area corresponding to the shell of the frustum. In the case of a funnel-shaped valve seat, the valve seat-contact area may be formed in the form of a circular ring or in the form of a shell of a truncated cone.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method, the microstructure can be produced with high accuracy since the microstructure is formed by machining of the laser, in particular the intercepting body-contact area and / or the valve seat-contact area using the interference pattern of the laser . Particularly preferably, a femtosecond laser may be used. Alternatively, the formation of the micro-structure of the shut-off body-contact area and / or the valve seat-contact area can be achieved by brushing, hoisting or sandblasting.

According to an alternative embodiment of the method, the microstructure is formed by a casting method, especially a die casting method.

In this regard, it is preferable that the structural elements are formed in the first step. The structural elements have, for example, cross-sections with vertices. Preferably, these structural elements are flattened through a cutting process in a second step subsequent to the first step, whereby structural elements having a flattened cross-section are formed.

Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings and described in further detail below.

1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of an injection valve according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of the shut-off body and valve seat of the injection valve according to Figure 1;
3 is a schematic view of the microstructures of the shut-off body and valve seat of the first embodiment.
Figures 4 and 5 show an apparatus for manufacturing an injection valve according to the first embodiment.
6 is a schematic view of the shut-off body and valve seat of the second embodiment of the injection valve.
7 is a schematic view of the microstructure of the valve seat of the second embodiment.

1 shows an injection valve 1 for an electromagnetically actuatable gas or liquid medium, which is used in a mixture compression, external ignition type internal combustion engine. The injection valve 1 includes a spherical shut-off body 2, which is movably disposed relative to the funnel-shaped valve seat 3 by means of an electromagnetic actuator. The shut-off body 2 and the valve seat 3 are particularly formed of hardened steel. Through the opening 10 in the valve seat 3, the medium can be injected into the combustion chamber or the intake channel of the internal combustion engine. 1, the valve seat 3 may include a plurality of openings.

The electromagnetic actuator of the injection valve 1 includes a magnetic coil 4 and an armature 5 which interacts with the magnetic coil 4. [ The armature 5 is connected to the shut-off body 2 via the valve needle 6. The blocking body 2 is movable in the moving direction 100 together with the armature 5 and the moving direction is aligned parallel to the imaginary connecting line between the armature 5 and the blocking body 2. [ The shut-off body 2 is subjected to compressive stress in the direction of the closed position shown in FIG. 1 by the spring 7 acting on the valve needle 6. In the closed position, the blocking body 2 prevents the evacuation of the medium through the opening 10.

In order to open the injection valve 1 and thereby raise the shut-off body 2 from the valve seat 3 against the force of the spring 7, the electromagnetic actuator is moved together with the magnetic coil 4 and with the armature 5 ). When the electromagnetic actuator is inactivated, the shut-off body (2) moves again in the direction of the valve seat (3) by the force of the spring (7). That is, the injection valve 1 is closed. In this respect, the shut-off body 2 is movable between the open position and the closed position through the interaction of the electromagnetic actuator and the spring 7. [

2 shows a schematic view of the injection valve 1 in the region of the valve seat 3, in which the spherical shut-off body 2 is in an elevated open position from the funnel-shaped valve seat 3, Is injected through the opening (10). When the injection valve 1 is closed, the shut-off body 2 and the valve seat 3 are in sealing contact with each other and the shut-off body-contact area 8 of the shut- Contacts the sheet-contact area 9. The cut-off body-contact area 8 is in the form of a shell of a spherical layer, while the cut-off body-contact area 9 is formed in the form of a shell of a frustum.

In order to extend the service life of the injection valve 1, the shutoff body-contact area 8 and / or the valve seat contact area 9 are arranged between the shutoff body-contact area 8 and the valve seat- To increase the friction of the micro structure (11). The coefficient of friction of the friction partner is at least locally increased by the microstructure 11. This increase in the coefficient of friction reduces the sliding motion of the shut-off body 2 with respect to the valve seat 3 and thus the friction path, which reduces the wear volume in the injection valve 1. Therefore, the resistance that the blocking body 2 experiences in the relative motion with respect to the valve seat 3 is increased.

Since the micro-structure 11 which increases the friction in the valve-contact area 9 as well as the shut-off body-contact area 8 in the first embodiment is arranged, the shut-off body-contact area 8 and the shut- The valve seat-contact area 9 is engaged. In order to increase the friction between the shut-off body 2 and the valve seat 3, however, only one of the shut-off body-contact area 8 or the valve seat- Is sufficient.

As shown in FIG. 3, the microstructures 11 comprise a plurality of convex structural elements 12 arranged in regular spacing 101. The spacing between the individual structural elements 12 of the microstructure of the shut-off body-contact area 8 and the valve seat-contact area 9 is less than 5 탆, preferably less than 1 탆. The height 102 of the structural elements 12 is selected such that the ratio of the height 102 of the structural elements 12 to the spacing 101 is in the range of 0.2 to 1, preferably 0.3 to 0.6.

The structural elements 12 are formed as substantially linear, ridge-shaped protrusions arranged in parallel. The ridges are separated from each other by ditches. These ridge-ditch-microstructures 11 can be formed by surface processing with laser radiation, which is described in more detail below.

In order to increase the sealing effect of the injection valve in the closed position, the structural elements 12 are arranged in such a way as to extend from the shut-off body 2 and the valve seat 3, which are laterally aligned with respect to the movement direction 100 of the shut- And protrudes in a direction away from it. Since the structural elements 11 of the shut-off body-contact area 8 and the valve seat-contact area 9 are complementarily formed, the structure of the shut-off body-contact area 8 and the valve seat- The elements 11 engage with each other in the closed position. Compared to the interlocking body-contact area 8 and the valve seat-contact area 9 which are not interdigitated with each other, the work of friction is reduced in a friction path much smaller in the case of tooth-fitting.

In order to manufacture the above-described injection valve, the manufacturing method described below with reference to Figs. 4 and 5 is applied.

The micro-structures 11 in the shut-off body-contact area 8 and valve seat-contact area 9 are formed as laser-induced, periodic surface structures. To form the microstructures 11, self-organizing ripple structures are formed by laser material processing. The blocking body-contact area 8 and the valve seat-contact area 9 are irradiated with a linearly polarized ultra-violet laser pulse, in particular a femtosecond laser pulse, from a laser source. The linearly polarized laser pulse of the laser source is scattered on the defects of the surfaces of the shut-off body 2 or the valve seat 3, so that a reflected pulse is formed. Thus, interference occurs between the laser pulse and the reflected pulse of the laser source, thereby forming a pattern of lines extending substantially parallel to the surfaces of the shut-off body 2 or the valve seat 3. The introduction of energy into the surfaces of the shut-off body 2 or the valve seat 3 is increased on points of constructive interference, so that material deformation, such as localized melting of the surface, occurs.

The alignment of the lines of the pattern and the alignment of the structural elements 12 of the microstructure 11 formed are set by the orientation of the polarization plane of the laser pulse. The spacing 101 of the structural elements 12 can be set through the selection of the wavelength of the laser pulse, which is typically in the range of 0.6 to 0.9 times the wavelength used. For example, wavelengths of 780 nm, 1030 nm or 1510 nm are used. To set the height 102 of the structural elements 12, the intensity and / or duration of the laser pulse illumination is changed.

4 shows an example of the machining of the spherical shielding body 2 and the spherical shielding body 2 is fixed during machining and the laser beam 15 is moved over the surface of the shielding body 2. [ The laser source generates linearly polarized laser light 13, which impinges on a lambda / 2-disc 14 acting as a phase delay element. the alignment of the polarization plane of the laser beam 15 is set by the alignment of the lambda / 2-disc 14. The laser beam 15 is moved over the surface of the shutting body 2 for the formation of the microstructure 11 and the plane of polarization of the laser beam 15 is tracked.

5 shows an alternative embodiment of the method of manufacturing the injection valve 1, wherein the spherical shut-off body 2 is rotated during machining. On the other hand, the laser beam 15 is held in the position fixed state. The cut-off body 2 is supported in a support portion 16 provided as a guide plate. The support portion (16) is rotated about the rotation axis (103) and transmits rotational motion to the shutting body (2). The rotation drive device of the support comprises two drive shafts (17, 18) which are driven opposite to each other, and the drive shafts rotate the support (16). Thereby, the spherical shielding body 2 is rotated about the axis of rotation 103 and the shielding body-contact area 8 is guided through the fixed working area 19 of the laser. Thereby, the microstructure 11 is formed.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of the injection valve 1 in the region of the valve seat 3 according to the second embodiment. The injection valve (1) includes a spherical shut-off body (2) and a funnel-shaped valve seat (3). The shut-off body 2 and the valve seat 3 are particularly formed of hardened steel. In Fig. 6, the shut-off body is in the raised open position and in this open position the medium is injected through the opening 10 of the valve seat 3. 7 shows the closed position of the injection valve 1 and in this closed position the shut-off body 2 and the valve seat 3 are in sealing contact with each other and the shut-off body- 8 contact the valve seat-contact area 9 of the valve seat 3. The cut-off body-contact area 8 is in the form of a shell of a spherical layer, while the cut-off body-contact area 9 is formed in the form of a shell of a frustum.

In the case of the injection valve 1 according to the second embodiment, the valve seat-contact area 9 has a microstructure 11 for increasing the friction between the shutoff body-contact area 8 and the valve seat- , While the blocking body-contact region 8 is formed without microstructures. The microstructure 11 of the valve seat-contact area 9 comprises a number of structural elements 12 formed as concentric circles, which are formed as circular protrusions. Since the structural elements 12 have a flattened cross-section, the structural elements 12 comprise a cover surface projecting from the valve seat 3, which covers the shut-off body- . With this geometry, it is possible for the curved blocking body-contacting region 9 to contact more structural elements 12 in the closed position, whereby multiple sealing can be achieved in a labyrinth seal manner.

The structural elements 12 are arranged at intervals 101 in the range of 30 탆 to 150 탆, preferably in the range of 50 탆 to 100 탆, particularly preferably in the range of 60 탆 to 80 탆. The structural elements 12 project in a direction away from the valve seat 3 which is laterally aligned with respect to the direction of movement 100 of the barrier element 2. [

In the production of the injection valve 1 according to the second embodiment, first, circular protrusions are created which are arranged concentrically in the valve seat-contact area 9. The protrusions have a cross section with a bent or pointed apex. The vertices are flattened in a subsequent step, for example, by the vertices being partially removed by the cutting process.

The shutoff body 2 and the valve seat 3 are provided in the aforementioned injection valve 1 for gas or liquid medium. The shut-off body 2 has an open position in which the shut-off body 2 is spaced from the valve seat 3 and the shut-off body-contact area 8 of the shut-off body 2 is in contact with the valve seat- Contact area 8 and valve seat-contact area 8 in a shut-off body-contact area 8 and / or valve seat-contact area 9, A microstructure (11) is provided which increases the friction between the regions (9). Thereby, the life of the injection valve 1 is prolonged.

1 injection valve
2 blocking body
3 valve seat
4 magnetic coil
5 amateurs
6 valve needle
7 spring
8 Cutoff Body - Contact Area
9 Valve seat - contact area
10 aperture
11 Microstructure
12 Structural elements
13 laser light
14? / 2-disc
15 laser beam
16 support
17, 18 drive shaft
19 Machining area
100 direction of movement
101 interval
102 height
103 rotating shaft

Claims (10)

A shut-off valve for a gas or liquid medium comprising a shut-off body (2) and a valve seat (3), said shut-off body (2) comprising an open position in which said shut- off body (2) Wherein the shut-off body-contact area (8) of the shut-off body (2) is movable between a closed position in which it is in sealing contact with the valve seat-contact area (9) of the valve seat (3) In the valve,
The shut-off body-contact area 8 and / or the valve seat-contact area 9 are arranged in a microstructure that increases the friction between the shut-off body-contact area 8 and the valve seat- RTI ID = 0.0 > 11). ≪ / RTI > The injection valve as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the microstructure (11) comprises convex structural elements (12). 3. A gas or liquid medium injection valve as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the microstructure (11) comprises structural elements (12) formed as substantially linear protrusions arranged in parallel. . 4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the microstructure (11) comprises structural elements (12) formed as laser-induced, periodic surface structures. valve. 5. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the microstructure (11) is arranged transversely with respect to the direction of movement (100) of the blocking element (2) ) Or structural elements (12) projecting in a direction away from the valve seat (3). 6. Microstructure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the microstructure (11) comprises structural elements (12) formed as circular and concentrically arranged protrusions with a flattened cross-section For a gas or liquid medium. 7. Microstructure (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the microstructures (11) are arranged one above the other with an interval (101) of less than 150 m, preferably less than 5 m, Characterized in that it comprises structural elements (12). The gas or liquid medium according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the shut-off body (2) is formed in a spherical or conical shape and the valve seat (3) valve. Wherein the shut-off body (2) and the valve seat (3) are arranged such that the shut-off body (2) is separated from the valve seat (3) (2) is movable between a closed position in which the shut-off body-contact area (8) of the valve seat (2) is in sealing contact with the valve seat-contact area (9) ≪ / RTI > for a gas or liquid medium,
Characterized in that a micro-structure (11) is formed which increases friction in the shut-off body-contact area (8) and / or the valve seat-contact area (9). A gas or liquid according to claim 9, characterized in that the microstructure (11) is formed by machining of the shut-off body-contact area (8) and / or the valve seat- Injection valve for medium.

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