KR20160094770A - Induction method of Optimal Breathing for Stress Relaxation and system adopting the method - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of inducing optimal breathing and a system adopting the same are described. The method of inducing optimal breathing comprises: a breathing induction step of inducing breathing of a user using different cycles; a step of detecting a pulse-wave signal of the user when the user maintains a breathing pattern for a predetermined time while performing the breathing induction step; a step of analyzing the pulse-wave signal and detecting specific components corresponding to an optimal breathing of the user; a step of determining an optimal breathing cycle for the user by using the specific components; and a step of inducing breathing of the user by using the optimal breathing cycle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a method of inducing optimal breathing for relieving stress,

The present invention relates to a method for relieving stress by inducing optimized respiration and a system for applying the same.

 The stress felt by the emotional worker has a negative impact on the human body. Body organs, especially those affected by the autonomic nervous system, such as the eyes, skin, and heart, react immediately to stress. Such stress is extremely harmful to the human body, and therefore, there is a need for measures to mitigate or alleviate such stress.

In the conventional method, there is a method of visually displaying an optimum breath of a predetermined reference on the screen so as to lower the user's pulse rate, thereby allowing the user to maintain a proper pulse through breath control.

In the breathing induction portable terminal and the respiration induction method of the portable terminal (applicant: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., registration number / date: 1006536440000 (2006.11.28)), a user's breathing sound or a temperature change occurring at the time of exhalation is sensed, And a respiration induction terminal for inducing respiration in accordance with the normal respiration information to the user when the respiration information is different from the normal respiration information of the user by measuring a waveform and calculating respiration information of the user from the respiration waveform do.

Method and Apparatus for Inducing Breathing and Providing a Relaxing Effect In a measuring step of measuring and displaying a user's current breathing state (applicant: Dae-Won Kim, Kyung Hee University Industry-Academy Collaboration Foundation, registration number / date: 1009431800000 (2010.02.11) A stimulation step of providing a predetermined sensory stimulation to the user in order to concentrate consciousness and maximize the relaxation effect, And a biofeedback step of providing a user with an indicator indicative of the measured respiratory condition and relaxation effect. Here, the training step may include providing at least one such as stretching, music, video, etc. to relieve tension prior to training initiation, preparing a breathing cycle and a respiration pattern suitable for the user, And a main workout step to guide the user.

A respiration training method and a respiration training device (registration number / date: 1011846840000 /2012.09.14) capable of realizing accurate breathing state are related to a breathing training apparatus, and more specifically, a configuration for drawing a heart rate distribution graph in real time A breathing training method and a respiration training apparatus capable of realizing an accurate breathing state capable of inducing a more accurate breathing training through a breathing apparatus. Here, the current user is monitoring the real time using the state of the heartbeat whether he is breathing properly during the breathing, so that the user is fed back whether he is breathing properly at present.

An apparatus and method for inducing respiratory regulation based on heart rate data (registration number / date: 1008554730000 / 2008.08.08.26) determines an appropriate breath rate per reference time based on at least one of heart rate and stress index, Or a method of inducing a user ' s breathing control based on an appropriate breathing rate. Herein, the heart rate data including the heart rate fluctuation power spectrum and the heart rate obtained from the user's body information varying according to the heart rate is provided, and the heart rate data is analyzed by frequency domain to determine the activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve Wherein the respiratory control apparatus determines an optimal respiratory rate per reference time based on at least one of the heart rate and the stress index, And the respiration control of the user is induced based on any one of the heart rate, the optimum respiration rate, and the desired respiration rate. In this method, the judgment on the positive respiratory rate is made through the heart rate and the stress index, and the user inputs the desired respiratory rate and determines whether or not to approve the user's breathing through the difference between the optimum respiratory rate and the desired respiratory rate, If the heart rate is high, the user will have a low respiratory rate. If the heart rate is low, the respiratory rate will be increased. If the stress index is low, the respiratory rate will be increased.

All of these prior art techniques merely lower the heart rate (HR) through breathing, do not respond effectively to individual breathing or heartbeat, and are not enough to relax the stress.

KR 10-2007-0028746 A KR 10-2013-0142412 A KR 10-2011-0041558 A KR 10-1033195 B KR 1006536440000 B KR 1009431800000 B KR 1011846840000 B KR 1008554730000 B

[1] Cabiddu, R., Cerutti, S., Viardot, G., Werner S., and Bianchi AM (2012), "Modulation of the sympathetic vagal balance during sleep: frequency domain study of heart rate variability and respiration" , Front. Physio., Vol. 3, 45. [2] Berntson, G. G., Cacioppo, J. T. and Quigley, K. S. (1993), "Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: Autonomic origins, physiological mechanisms, and psychophysiological implications", Psychophysiology, Vol.30, No.2, pp.183-196 Davies, LC, Shen, WK, Coats, AJ, Novak, M., Novakova, Z., Panovsky, J., Carl, T., Jurak, P., , R., Toman, J., Sumbera, J., and Somers, VK (2003). "Variability of phase shift between blood pressure and heart rate fluctuations: a marker of short-term circulation control ", Circulation, Vol. 108, No. 3, pp. 292-307. [4] Hammer, P.E., and Saul, J.P. (2005). &Quot; Resonance in a mathematical model of baroreflex control: arterial blood pressure waves with postural stress ", American Journal of Physiology, Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 288, No. 6, R1637-1648.

The present invention provides a method for relieving stress effectively and a system for applying the same.

The present invention provides a method for effectively mitigating or eliminating stress experienced by a user based on a personal respiratory cycle and a system for applying the method.

Method according to the invention:

A respiration inducing step of inducing a user's breathing at different periods;

Detecting the user's pulse wave signal while the user maintains the respiration of the given period in the breath inducing step;

Analyzing the pulse wave signal to detect a specific component corresponding to a user's optimal respiration;

Determining a respiratory cycle corresponding to the pulse wave component as an optimal respiratory cycle of the user; And

And inducing the respiration of the user with the optimal respiratory cycle.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the breathing induction step may induce breathing of the user through voice or video.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of extracting a PRV spectrum, comprising: extracting a PRV spectrum from extracted pulse wave signals while inducing breathing at different periods; Obtaining a power peak from the spectrum; Extracting a maximum (dominant) component of the power peak; And

The respiratory cycle corresponding to the spectrum having the highest component is determined as an optimum breath.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the Z-scores of the respiration-specific PRV (Pulse Rate Variability) spectrum of each cycle are obtained from the following equations, and the respiratory cycle corresponding to the largest jet score among the obtained jet scores As optimal breathing. The method of claim 3,

In the above equation, X represents a maximum power peak value within a frequency range of PRV, for example, 0.0033 Hz to 0.4 Hz, m represents a power value within the PRV range excluding the maximum power peak value, . And? Represents the standard deviation of the power value within the PRV range.

The optimal respiration induction system according to the present invention applies the optimum respiration induction method according to the present invention,

A PPG sensing device for detecting a pulse wave signal from a user;

A signal processing unit for processing the pulse wave signal; And

And a display for displaying information for respiratory diagnosis and respiration training to the user.

In the system according to the present invention,

The user's breathing can be induced through the voice or image.

According to an embodiment of the system of the present invention, a PRV spectrum is extracted from the pulse wave signals, a power peak is obtained from the spectrum, and a maximum (dominant) component of the power peak is extracted, The respiratory cycle corresponding to the spectrum having the component can be determined as the optimal breathing.

According to an embodiment of the system according to the present invention, the Z-scores of the respiration-specific PRV (Pulse Rate Variability) spectra of each cycle are obtained from the following equations, and correspond to the largest jet score among the obtained jet scores Can be determined by optimal breathing.

In the above equation, X represents a maximum power peak value within a frequency range of PRV, for example, 0.0033 Hz to 0.4 Hz, m represents a power value within the PRV range excluding the maximum power peak value, . And? Represents the standard deviation of the power value within the PRV range.

1 is a functional flow diagram of a method according to the invention or a system to which it is applied.
FIG. 2 is a system flow chart for further illustrating the flowchart of FIG. 1; FIG.
3A to 3F illustrate an interface screen for each step.
4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a process for determining an optimal respiratory cycle according to the present invention
5 is a graph illustrating PPI detection in a measured PPG signal.
FIG. 6 shows changes in the power value in various breaths, and shows the peak power at optimal respiration (Optimal RSP).
FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating a change in respiration when a user exercises breathing with optimum breathing.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Hereinafter, embodiments of an optimal respiration induction method and an apparatus for applying the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention finds an optimal respiratory cycle, which is a regular respiratory cycle of a user, and enables the repetitive training of the cycle, thereby activating the user's parasympathetic sensation and inducing the user to feel comfortable in the nodadrenaline secretion.

Respiration and heart rate are closely related. Both have been influenced by the vagus nerve (Vagus Nerve) and have proven through research that there is a high correlation between the two. Cabiddu et al. (2012) studied heart rate variability (HRV) during sleep and balanced vagus nerves of respiration. The correlation between high frequency (HF) and respiration was high in 11 subjects when the correlation between NREM (Non-Rapid Eye Movement) state and REM (Rapid Eye Movement) state was compared , And NREM, which is a deep sleeping condition. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) refers to the change in vagal tone caused by respiration. Especially, the changes due to inhalation and exhalation are significant, and there is a large difference between the vagus nerves in the insult and the vagus nerves in the exhalation. This is due to the difference in the amount of carbon dioxide that is supplied to the heart by breathing. Exhalation increases carbon dioxide in the blood, causing hypercapnia. Carbonate hyperactivity excites the heart's CPG (Central Pattern Generator). Repetition of this process leads to changes in the heart rhythm (Bemtson et al, 1993). The definition of optimal breathing refers to breathing in response to the synchronized rhythm of the autonomic nervous system. Synchronized rhythms in the heart rhythm can be observed in the band from 0.01 to 0.15 Hz, with 5 to 7 cycles per minute (Halamek et al., 2003; Hammer and Saul, 2005). The synchronized rhythm in breathing is similar to the rhythm of the heart, with 5 to 7 movements per minute, but can be affected by psychological factors or movement. The synchronized rhythm is based on heart rate because it is difficult for human to artificially control heart rate. In conclusion, the optimal respiration induction method according to the present invention is to adapt consciously adjustable respiration to the rhythm synchronized with the autonomic nervous system inherent in the heart beat.

1 is a functional flow diagram of a method according to the invention or a system to which it is applied.

When the method and system start to operate (S11), the user performs a login through a user account and a password system input (S12). The login step includes presenting an interface screen for inputting an account and a password to be encountered by the first user, and the interface may include a "button " as a controller for determining whether the system is continuously used or stopped (S13). When the login of the user is completed, the personal information is fetched from the account, the newly tried login information, the result of the diagnosis process (S15) and the result of the training process (S16) And displays it on the screen so that the user can view it (S14). In the diagnosis process (S15), the optimum respiratory rate or respiratory cycle is extracted for each user. In the training process (S16), training using the optimal respiratory cycle is performed. The PPG (pulse wave, Photo PlethysmoGraph), PRV Pulse Rate Variability), HR (Heart Rate), and the like in the history information (History).

FIG. 2 is a system flow chart for further illustrating the flowchart of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3A to 3F illustrate an interface screen for each step.

Referring to FIG. 2, the user accesses the system by inputting user information, and sees an initial record view screen (GUI, graphical user interface) by default.

A user using the system according to the present invention can be provided with various controllers such as an image and a button, a check box, a combo box, a radio button, and the like in the initial record viewing screen displayed or presented, It is designed to be able to proceed to the diagnosis step S15 (S23) through a click (event) of a button.

After completion of the diagnosis process (S15), the user can use the training step or the mode (S16) through clicking and display the result (e.g., diagnosis date), PPG, (Step S25). After completion of the diagnosis process (S15), the user moves to the training process (S24) automatically or through a mouse click of the user (S24). At this time, the optimum respiration cycle value is transmitted.

In the training process S16, the user can perform the training process S16 through the time content or the time and voice content provided by the system through the optimum respiration cycle value transmitted in the diagnosis process S15. The results generated after the end of the training process are designed so that the user can confirm the result by returning the data to the recording mode S13 (S22).

On the other hand, the user having the optimal breathing cycle on the record data obtained through the existing diagnostic process can directly perform the diagnosis without performing the diagnosis process in the training process S16 through the button click in the record view mode S13 (S21) . At this time, the selected Optimal RSP Cycle value is transmitted as a default value to the training process or the training mode (S16), and the user inputs the optimum respiration cycle value The user can perform the training mode S16 through the contents, or the visual and audio contents.

The results generated after the end of the training process S21 can be designed so that the user can check the data in the recording mode S13 by returning the data to the user in step S22. Logout can be made not only in the training process, but also in the diagnostic process and the record view process (S27, S28, S29).

4 is a block diagram illustrating a process of determining an optimal respiratory cycle.

The method of the present invention and the system to which the present invention is applied include the point of finding the optimum breathing cycle of the user as an important component, and this process is discriminated in the order shown in FIG.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, it is visually presented in accordance with five breathing cycles (see FIG. 3D, FIG. 3E). At this time, as shown in FIG. 3D and FIG. 3E, a progress bar (controller) for slowly inducing breathing is provided in the middle of the interface screen and a "slow breathing" or " ). At this time, the message may be played as voice or sound according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3D and FIG. 3E, according to an embodiment of the present invention, one side of the interface screen, on the right side of the drawing, is provided with a figure in human form so that the abdomen and lung ascend and descend according to the breathing cycle To the user.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the respiratory diagnosis can be divided into five steps, which allow the user to breathe at different respiratory cycles. At this time, PPG (pulse wave) signal is simultaneously measured, and the user's PRV spectrum is analyzed for each breathing cycle.

As described above, FIG. 4 illustrates a specific flow of the diagnostic step.

As shown in FIG. 4, the diagnostic process is started, and the diagnostic function of the system is started (S41). During the diagnosis process, the user is required to breath with a certain respiratory cycle (task). The respiratory cycle required for the user is five as described above.

The user detects the user's pulse wave while the user continues breathing according to the given five respiratory cycles (S42). At this time, a sampling frequency of 500 Hz is used for pulse wave detection (S42a). When the respiration according to the given task is completed, the collected five pulse wave data are processed to detect each PPI (Peak to Peak) as shown in FIG. 5 (S42b). When the detection of the PPI is completed, the signal is resampled to a predetermined frequency, for example, 2 Hz (S42c), and then the PRV spectrum is extracted (calculated) by an FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) (S42d).

Through this process, the calculation of the PRV spectrum (S42) is completed, and the process proceeds to the next step S43. In step S43, a dominant component or a dominant distribution is extracted from the PRV spectrum. Finally, the dominant variance for each respiration cycle extracted is compared to select a dominant variance representing the maximum power peak, and the corresponding respiration rate is determined as the optimum respiration rate.

According to the present invention, optimal respiration suitable for each user has a dominant form of the PRV distribution, and a PRV spectrum comparison for each respiratory cycle is performed using a z-score value as shown in the following Equation 1 , You will be able to see which heart rhythm is best when you have a breathing cycle.

In the above equation, X represents a maximum power peak value within a frequency range of PRV, for example, 0.0033 Hz to 0.4 Hz, m represents a power value within the PRV range excluding the maximum power peak value, . And? Represents the standard deviation of the power value within the PRV range. Figure 6 compares the power values at various stages of breathing (9, 10, 11, 12, 13 seconds), illustrating the selection of the maximum power peak in 12 seconds breathing.

Exercise for relieving stress through actual breathing Training for breathing the breath lasts for 2 minutes through the optimal breathing cycle through the diagnostic process. A presentation screen that induces visual breathing is, for example, Screen as shown in Fig. As shown in FIG. 3E, a progressive bar and a breathing method for slowly inducing breathing as shown in the above-described respiratory diagnosis of FIG. 3D are provided so that the optimal breathing cycle obtained through the breathing diagnosis is informed and training breathing can be performed A message can be displayed.

After completion of the breathing training in this manner, the training breathing results can be displayed, and the training breathing stability and other help shown, as shown in Figure 3f.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the BPM (heart rate per minute) and the heart rate (BPM) while extracting the average PPI value by collecting the pulse wave data measured during the user's breathing for 5 seconds (Window Size) .

In FIG. 7, the up-arrow segment in which the BPM increases is a state in which the user is generated during an inspiration, and the downward-arrow segment shows a state in which an exhalation occurs. That is, the BPM data type of the user's pulse wave data at intervals of 1 second is changed to extract the current user's breathing time.

The method according to the present invention as described above concludes that the system according to the present invention displays a PPG sensing device, a processing device including a PPG signal processing part for processing a signal therefrom, guidance and data for diagnosis and training to the user ≪ / RTI > That is, the respiration induction system according to the present invention can be performed by various types of computer systems having a PPG detection system, and can be performed in a desktop computer, a notebook computer, or a smart phone. A desk top computer or a notebook computer may include a separate PPG sensor and a conventional processing program for processing the signal from the PPG sensor. In the case of a smart phone, a signal from the PPG sensing device or the camera device It can be processed by an internal program.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be defined only by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

A respiration inducing step of inducing a user's breathing at different periods;
Detecting the user's pulse wave signal while the user maintains the respiration of the given period in the breath inducing step;
Analyzing the pulse wave signal to detect a specific component corresponding to a user's optimal respiration;
Determining the optimal respiratory cycle of the user using the specific component; And
And inducing the respiration of the user in the optimal respiratory cycle. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the breathing inducing step induces a user's breathing through voice or image. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Detecting the specific component; The
Extracting a PRV spectrum from the pulse wave signals; Obtaining a power peak from the spectrum; And extracting a maximum (dominant) component of the power peak,
Wherein the step of determining optimal breathing determines an optimal breathing cycle corresponding to a spectrum having the highest component. The method of claim 3,
(Z-scores) of the respiration-specific PRV (Pulse Rate Variability) spectrum of each cycle are obtained from the following equations, and the respiratory cycle corresponding to the largest jet score among the obtained jet scores is determined as optimal breathing .

In the above equation, X represents a maximum power peak value within a frequency range of PRV, for example, 0.0033 Hz to 0.4 Hz, m represents a power value within the PRV range excluding the maximum power peak value, . And? Represents the standard deviation of the power value within the PRV range. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
(Z-scores) of the respiration-specific PRV (Pulse Rate Variability) spectrum of each cycle are obtained from the following equations, and the respiratory cycle corresponding to the largest jet score among the obtained jet scores is determined as optimal breathing .

In the above equation, X represents the maximum power peak value within 0.0033 Hz to 0.4 Hz of the PRV, and m represents the average value of the power value within the PRV range excluding the maximum power peak value. And? Represents the standard deviation of the power value within the PRV range. The method of claim 1,
A PPG sensing device for detecting a pulse wave signal from a user;
A signal processing unit for processing the pulse wave signal; And
And a display for displaying information for respiratory diagnosis and respiration training to the user. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the user's breathing is induced through the voice or image. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7,
Extracting a PRV spectrum from the pulse wave signals, obtaining a power peak from the spectrum, extracting a highest (dominant) component of the power peak,
Wherein the optimal breathing is determined as an optimal breathing cycle corresponding to a spectrum having the highest component. 9. The method of claim 8,
(Z-scores) of the respiration-specific PRV (Pulse Rate Variability) spectrum of each cycle are obtained from the following equations, and the respiratory cycle corresponding to the largest jet score among the obtained jet scores is determined as optimal breathing Optimal respiratory guidance system.

In the above equation, X represents a maximum power peak value within a frequency range of PRV, for example, 0.0033 Hz to 0.4 Hz, m represents a power value within the PRV range excluding the maximum power peak value, . And? Represents the standard deviation of the power value within the PRV range. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7,
(Z-scores) of the respiration-specific PRV (Pulse Rate Variability) spectrum of each cycle are obtained from the following equations, and the respiratory cycle corresponding to the largest jet score among the obtained jet scores is determined as optimal breathing Optimal respiratory guidance system.

In the above equation, X represents a maximum power peak value within a frequency range of PRV, for example, 0.0033 Hz to 0.4 Hz, m represents a power value within the PRV range excluding the maximum power peak value, . And? Represents the standard deviation of the power value within the PRV range.

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