KR20160084841A - Reactor, channel-type stack for heat exchanger, and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reactor for generating extreme heat and endothermic reaction during a reaction, and a design principle and a manufacturing method for a component for manufacturing a stack of a corrugated plate which can be used for a heat exchanger having a low heat transfer coefficient but a high heat exchange load between fluids In which corrugated plates made by forming V-shaped wrinkles on upper and lower sides of a thin, heat-conductive plate are stacked at intervals.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a channel stack for a reactor, a heat exchanger, and a method for manufacturing the same. BACKGROUND ART [0002]

The present invention relates to a channel-type stack for a reactor and a heat exchanger, and more particularly to a high-efficiency micro-channel heat exchanger, a large-scale high efficiency gas-gas heat exchanger and a catalyst- To a new reactor and a channel type stack for a heat exchanger which are easy to manufacture, and a manufacturing method thereof.

The catalytic reactors used to carry out chemical reactions or heat exchangers for cooling / heating between fluids and fluids are generally of the Shell-and-tube type. However, reactions involving extreme exothermic or endothermic reactions are generated or absorbed by the volume of the reactor volume, so that as the reactor volume increases, the amount of heat exchange proportional to the area will fail to follow, It is necessary to reduce the thickness of the packed bed of the catalyst by using several hundreds to several thousands. Also, in the case of heat exchange between gas and gas, the heat exchange coefficient of the gas is low, so that a larger heat exchanging area is required, so that the volume of the heat exchanger needs to be increased, resulting in a final volume increase and a manufacturing cost increase.

In order to solve these drawbacks, a method of using a channel type stack in which flat plates are stacked at intervals to alternately flow cooling and heating fluids alternately through an odd number channel and an even number channel and mutually heat exchange through a flat plate is being developed.

In the case of large-scale industrial use, the channel-type stack has a lower heat transfer coefficient than the shell-tube type in which the heat transfer coefficient flows into the laminar flow between flat plates, and the heat exchange area per volume is in a shell-and- There is no difference, and it is mainly commercialized only as a small microchannel type heat exchanger.

The small microchannel heat exchanger is made by etching the flat plate at a negative angle or a relief angle to increase the heat exchange area. However, the use of the catalyst as a catalytic reactor is not suitable because of difficulty in filling and discharging the catalyst.

As a result, it is possible to use it from a small reactor to a large industrial use with a wide heat exchange area, easy to manufacture, and a new channel type stack which can be used as a catalytic reactor by filling and discharging a catalyst. There is a continuing need for a channel-type stack of the same.

A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new channel-type stack which can be used as a catalytic reactor because of its wide heat exchange area, easy to manufacture, small reactor to large industrial use, will be.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new channel type which can control the cooling amount according to the length by arbitrarily adjusting the width and length of the reactor, Stack.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a micro-channel type heat exchanger which is commercially available as a high-efficiency heat exchanger and which has a complicated flow path and has a large pressure drop due to difficulty in paralle flow in which the flow rate per channel is dispersed in the stacking direction, In addition, it is difficult to enlarge the size of the large-sized industrial applications to solve the problem is impossible.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is that if the plate-to-plate spacing of the conventional plate heat exchangers is narrowed, the heat exchange area is somewhat increased compared to the shell-and-tube type. In this case, Type catalytic reactors that can not be used.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a heat exchange apparatus that can be used for a reaction accompanied by exothermic or endothermic reaction and / or fluid-to-fluid heat exchange, wherein the thermally conductive metal plate has wrinkles uniformly up and down, A plurality of corrugated plates having flat vertical ends (hereinafter referred to as " left and right edges ") are stacked at predetermined intervals, and channels are formed through which fluid flows between the corrugated plates.

In the present invention, in the heat exchanger, the corrugated plates are provided with flat spacers (flap bars) inserted into left and right edges and corrugated spacers (corrugated bars) inserted into both ends of a corrugation direction .

In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to use the heat exchanger as a reaction heat exchanger accompanied by heat generation or endotherm, a pleated bar is inserted into the upper and lower edges of the odd numbered channels, a flat bar is inserted into the left and right edges of the even numbered channels, In an even numbered channel, a catalyst with endothermic or exothermic heat is filled. In an odd numbered channel, a fluid flows perpendicularly to the corrugation direction to supply heat necessary for heat absorption or to remove heat generated.

In another embodiment of the present invention, in order to use the heat exchanger as a high-efficiency heat exchanger, a corrugated bar is inserted into upper and lower edges of the heat exchanger, and heat exchange is performed between the odd-numbered channel and the even- .

In the present invention, the term 'corrugated plate' is understood to mean a corrugated plate in a wavy shape.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the corrugated plate of the upper corrugated plate is located lower than the floor of the lower corrugated plate, and preferably the corrugation of the upper corrugated plate overlaps the corrugated plate of the lower corrugated plate by 50% or more . It is preferable that the corrugated plate is a corrugated plate having a V-shaped corrugation held vertically so that the upper corrugated plate and the lower corrugated plate overlap each other.

In the practice of the present invention, the thermally conductive corrugated board may have a thickness of 0.1 to 3 mm, and a corrugated board having V-shaped straight corrugations formed on the top and bottom using grooved rollers.

The width of the corrugation in the corrugated panel can be from a few millimeters to a few tens of millimeters. The longer the corrugation length is, the larger the area is. This is possible. If the corrugation is formed at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the metal plate, it is advantageous to manufacture a long length heat exchanger, and if it is formed parallel to the longitudinal direction, it is advantageous to manufacture a reactor having a long catalyst length. The left and right edges of the corrugated board are horizontally stretched after corrugation for later sealing, or they are made so as not to form wrinkles during fabrication. The corrugated plates thus manufactured are stacked in the vertical direction at regular intervals. At this time, the flat flat bars having the thickness corresponding to the distance between the vertexes of the two corrugated plates are held by the left and right edges, It should be thick enough for welding, usually about 3-10 mm. A corrugated bar (corrugated bar) having a width of about 3 to 10 mm, which is formed in the same cross-sectional shape as the cross-sectional shape between the two corrugated plates, is placed at the upper and lower edges of the corrugated plate. It is not possible to fabricate the corrugated bar using a flat bar by using a roller, and it is important that the corrugated bar is manufactured by a wire cutting method in a given pattern shape between the corrugated plates so that no gap is formed between the corrugated plates.

When the upper and lower edges of the corrugated board and the four corners of the corrugated sheet except for the fluid inlet and outlet are stacked and the flat bar is stacked and the stack is repeated to form a stack having a predetermined height, It is filled with plates and bars so that it can easily weld and seal between the end of the corrugated plate and the bar.

Two methods are provided to further provide inflow and outflow of fluids (or reactants) for cooling and heating into the stack.

For use as a catalyst-filled reactor, the reactants should flow to the top and bottom of the corrugated board, and the cooling or heating fluid to control the reaction temperature should flow to the right and left of the corrugated board. Accordingly, it is preferable to insert a corrugated bar only at an odd number of upper and lower edges for the inflow and outflow of the reactant, and insert the flat bar only at an even number of left and right edges for inflow and outflow of cooling or heating fluid. The catalyst can be filled up in the up and down directions and the catalyst can be discarded after use.

In the case of using only for the heat exchanger, the upper and lower edges are formed by sandwiching the laminated surfaces of the corrugated bar and sealing the laminated surfaces of the left and right edges to the left and right. The bars are inserted and laminated to form four inlets and four outlets for cooling and heating fluids. The heat exchanger thus produced increases the heat transfer efficiency due to the turbulence effect by flowing the wrinkles into the zig zag. In this case, it is preferable to insert the cut corrugated bar cut at one end of the corrugated bar between the corrugated plates of the inner space at regular intervals with the zig zag. By doing so, the corrugated plates are mechanically supported between the corrugated plates, It can prevent squeezing, improve the distribution of fluid, and also control the flow rate. In addition, the inlet and outlet ports can be arranged on the same plane as the odd number of the cut corrugated bar inserted, and the even number can be arranged in the opposite direction of the diagonal line, thereby facilitating the design of the piping of the final heat exchanger. The stack having the inlet and outlet ports is welded between the bars adhered to the edges of the corrugated plate of the laminate on the side of the four sides to complete the final stack. A manifold is attached to the stack including the array of the inlet or outlet, Once the inlet and outlet of the fluid (or reactant) are completed by welding, the final reactor or heat exchanger is completed.

The design principle of the heat exchange stack manufactured by the present invention is that the corrugated flat plate, in particular, the corrugated plate formed by vertically forming the V-shaped corrugations is inserted into the corrugated bar and the flat bar to closely stack them, It is easy to seal, and it is possible to control the gap between the corrugated plates regardless of the size of the corrugation, so that it can be applied to various ranges from a small microchannel heat exchanger to a large industrial catalytic reactor. It flows through the zig zag to the top and bottom of the plate and flows back to the zig zag to the left and right of the stack to increase the heat transfer efficiency. It is designed to meet the thin catalyst bed thickness and high efficiency heat exchange requirement for effective temperature control of the reactor accompanied by extreme heat or endothermic reaction. High efficiency heat exchange for gas-gas heat exchange with low heat transfer efficiency There is an advantage that can be effectively used in the production of.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a thermally conductive corrugated plate having V-shaped wrinkles held up and down in accordance with the proposal of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a corrugated bar inserted and sealed at both longitudinal edges of a channel formed between stacked corrugated plates according to the proposal of the present invention. FIG.
3 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a corrugated bar used as a support inserted in a channel formed between upper and lower flat plates and a corrugated plate according to the proposal of the present invention.
4 is a cut-away corrugation bar inserted into a channel to change the in-channel flow path according to the proposal of the present invention.
5 is a bottom and top cover plate of a stack manufactured according to the proposal of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the lower plate with the half corrugated bar and the heat insulating materials placed thereon. FIG.
7 is a cross-sectional view of line segments F1-F1 'and F2-F2' in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a state in which an odd number of corrugated plates, a corrugated bar, a cut corrugated bar and a flat bar are placed on the plane shown in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line segments G1-G1 ', G2-G2' and G3-G3 'in FIG.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of a state in which a flat bar is placed on the corrugated plate at an even number and the left and right edges on the plane shown in FIG.
11 is a sectional view taken along line segments H1-H1 ', H2-H2' and H3-H3 'in Fig.
FIG. 12 is a plan view of a laminated structure in which odd-numbered corrugated sheets and even-numbered corrugated sheets are alternately laminated to a predetermined thickness, and then cover plates are covered on the top.
Figs. 13 to 17 are sectional views, respectively, according to line segments J1-J1 ', J2-J2', J3-J3 ', L1-L1' and L2-L2 'in Fig.
FIG. 18 is a plan view of a stack for a non-isothermal reactor after lamination is completed and a manifold is attached to an outlet port and an inlet port. FIG.
19 is a plan view of a high-efficiency heat exchanger in which odd-numbered corrugated plates and even-numbered corrugated plates are alternately laminated to a predetermined thickness and then a cover plate is covered at the top.
Figs. 20 to 24 are sectional views, respectively, according to line segments K1-K1 ', K2-K2', K3-K3 ', M1-M1' and M2-M2 'in Fig.
FIG. 25 is a plan view of a state in which stacking of a high efficiency heat exchanger is completed and a manifold is attached to an outlet port and an inlet port. FIG.
Figs. 26 and 27 are sectional views, respectively, according to line segments N1-N1 'and N2-N2' in Fig.
Explanation of reference numerals
1. thermally conductive corrugated board
2. Wrinkle bar for sealing upper and lower edges in the corrugation direction of the channel between stacked corrugated plates.
3. Crease bar for supporting between bottom plate or upper plate and corrugated plate in the stack
4. Wrinkle bar for channel change inside channel
5. Flat plate used as base plate or top plate of stack
7. Between the bottom plate or the top plate and the corrugated plate.
8. Between the bottom plate or top plate and the corrugated board Insulation filling the inner space of the channel
9. Flat bar for sealing left and right edges between stacked channels in a stack
11. Inlet to channel in the stack of fluid (or reactant) to be cooled (or heated)
12. From the outlet channel of the cooled (or heated) fluid (or reactant)
13. A channel space through which the fluid (or reactant) to be cooled (or heated)
15. Inlet to channel in the stack of fluid (or reactant) to be heated (or cooled)
16. From the stack channel of the heated (or cooled) fluid (or reactant)
17. A channel space through which fluid (or reactant) to be heated (or cooled)
21. A manifold comprising an inlet of a fluid attached to the stack and cooled (or heated)
22. A manifold comprising exhausts of fluid adhered to the stack and cooled (or heated)
23. An integrated manifold comprising an outlet for a fluid to be cooled (or heated) in a first stack and an inlet for fluid to be cooled (or heated) in a second stack,
25. A manifold comprising an inlet of a fluid attached to the stack and heated (or cooled)
26. A manifold comprising manifolds attached to a stack and heated (or cooled)
31. Piping for manifold No. 21
32. Piping for manifold No. 22
35. Piping for manifold No. 25
36. Piping for manifold No. 26
41. Pitch of the pleats in the corrugated plate -
51. Edge area at the lower end of the corrugation in the corrugated board
52. Edge area of the upper end of the corrugated board in the crease direction

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. It should be noted that the following examples illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Further aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments, which are to be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In order to facilitate a clear understanding of the present invention, some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated, omitted or schematically illustrated. Also, the size of each component does not entirely reflect the actual size.

In the figure, the process of fabricating a reactor using the components and components for manufacturing a heat exchange reactor is shown.

FIG. 1 shows a corrugated plate 1 having upper and lower corrugations and flat edges at both right and left edges. As shown here, in order to increase the overlap ratio of the two plates when stacking the corrugated plates (in order to reduce the interval between the corrugated plates), the corrugations of the corrugation points 41 should be formed in a V-shape straight.

2 is a view of a corrugated bar 2 for sealing a corrugated sheet to be inserted into the upper and lower edges 51 and 52 of two sheets of sheets when the corrugated board 1 is laminated. It should be wide enough to protect the edge of the corrugated board between the bars. Usually, about 3-10 mm is appropriate. The shape of the cross-sectional area of the corrugated bar (2) can be manufactured by a wire cutting method, as shown in the following figure, so that it can be completely inserted without any gap when inserted between the corrugated plates (1) have.

Fig. 3 is a view of a half corrugated bar 3 which is inserted so as to fit tightly at the top and bottom edges between the flat plate 5 and the corrugated plate 1, which are finally placed at the bottom and the top for lamination.

4 is a design drawing of a cutting pleat bar 4 for an inner channel which is inserted into the zig zag for increasing the mechanical stability between the corrugated plates inside the channel and for changing the flow path of the fluid flowing in. It can be easily made by cutting the end slightly.

5 shows a flat plate which is placed at the bottom and top of stacked stacks.

In order to produce stacked stacks using the above-mentioned components, in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the bottom flat plate 5 is placed, and two half-folded wrinkles 3 are placed on the upper and lower edges thereof. After the bar 3 is placed, the heat insulating material 8 is filled therebetween. Then, the flute bars 7 having the corresponding lengths are inserted between the half corrugated bars of the left and right edges 53 and 54, and then the corrugated plates 1 are stacked.

Figs. 8 and 9 show the case where the first odd number of corrugated plates 1 are laminated. After the lamination, two corrugated bars 2 are formed at upper and lower edges, zag and the flat bar (9) is placed in an empty place on the left and right edges. At this time, the cooling (or heating) fluid flows into the right edge, and the outlet 11 and the outlet 12 of the fluid are secured by not providing the flute bar 4 at the discharged portion.

10 and 11 show a case in which an even number of corrugated boards 1 are laminated here. In this case, a flap bar 9 is placed only on the left and right edges, and an inlet port and an outlet port 16 for introducing and discharging reactants in the up- And the reactant enters the lower inlet 15 and flows in parallel with the direction of the pleats and finally discharged to the upper outlet 16. Therefore, it is possible to charge the catalyst in the even-numbered entire space of this portion and to maintain the thickness of the catalyst filling layer thinner than that of a tubular reactor having a general tube-and-shell structure by maintaining a narrow channel interval, And it is also possible to maintain the internal temperature of the catalyst-packed layer more uniform even in the case of a reaction in which temperature control is difficult due to endothermic reaction.

FIGS. 12 to 17 show a top view and a cross-sectional view of a laminated end stack, in which the stack is repeated as many times as desired (here, it is repeated five times) And then the flat plate 5 and the accessory bar are symmetrically formed as in the case of the lower flat plate lamination.

As shown in FIG. 13, only the even-numbered channel 17 in which the reactants are introduced or discharged in the longitudinal direction of the corrugated plate is opened, as shown in the sectional view J1-J1 'of the upper and lower edge portions, 13 are clogged by the corrugated bar 2 and the corrugated plate 1 and the corrugated bar 2 and the half corrugated bar 3 and the flat bar 9 can be sealed by welding. On the other hand, as shown in the sectional view J2-J2 ', the fluid is flowed into the inlet 11 at the lower right side of the odd-numbered channel 13, as shown in FIG. 14, Flows into the zig zag inside the channel and exits to the outlet 12 at the upper right side. As shown in FIG. 15, the sectional view J3-J3 'is a view at three paying cutting corrugated bar positions, in which the reactant flows in the longitudinal direction of the even-numbered channel 17 and the cooling (or heating) The channel direction is changed to the left or right at the end of the pay-for-change cutting pleat bar 4 and flows to the zig zag in the direction perpendicular to the wrinkle. In the sectional view L1-L1 'of FIG. 16, it can be seen that the cooling (or heating) fluid flows into the left inlet 11 at the odd-numbered stage and is discharged to the right outlet 12 at the same stage And as shown in a sectional view L2-L2 'of FIG. 17, the stack left side portion is completely blocked by the stacking flat bar 9 and the cut channel 4 for changing the flow path.

As can be seen from the above, the side faces of the four sides of the stack are stacked tightly except for the inlet and outlet of reactants and fluids, so that it is possible to easily seal between the corrugated plate end and the stacking bars by welding. As shown in FIG. 18, when the length of the stack is short, a plurality of stacks are connected in series, and the stack is connected to the outside (Or heating) fluid is also provided with a plurality of inlets and outlets for adjusting the degree of cooling in the longitudinal direction of the reactor, respectively.

As another example for explaining the principle of the present invention, FIG. 19 shows the manufacture of a stack for a highly efficient channel-type heat exchanger by using the above components. In this case, unlike the case of producing a stack for a reactor, not only a fluid for cooling (or heating) but also a fluid for heating (or cooling), which is not a reactant, flows in a direction perpendicular to the corrugation channel to increase the heat transfer efficiency, . To this end, as shown in section K1-K1 ', the upper and lower edge portions of the longitudinal end of the stacked crease plate 1 are sealed with the corrugated bar 2 while covering the entire channels. Instead, the inlet and outlet ports of the cooling and heating fluid are formed together on the left and right side portions of the stack. For this purpose, when the odd number of corrugated plates 1 are stacked, the corrugated bar 2 is inserted in the upper and lower edges, Similarly, when the even number of corrugated boards 1 are stacked, the corrugated bars 2 are inserted in the upper and lower edges, while the right half of the left and right edges are connected to the flat bars 9 ) And empty the stack to complete the stack. In this case, when the even-numbered zig zags are placed on the cutting pleat bar 4 for changing the passage which is set in the inside of the channel, the fluid inlet and outlet are diagonally opposite to each other. 25 shows a final heat exchanger manufactured by attaching a corresponding manifold to an inlet and an outlet of a fluid in the stack for a heat exchanger manufactured as described above. For example, the cooling fluid flows into the manifold 21 through the inlet pipe 31, (1) to the odd-numbered channels and then flows in the direction perpendicular to the corrugation from the lower side to the zig zag. The fluid is finally collected by the discharge manifold 22 in the diagonally opposite direction and finally heated and discharged through the discharge pipe 32. The heating fluid is also supplied to the inflow manifold 22 attached to the right side of the left side of the stack 25 to the even-numbered channels between the corrugated plates 1, and likewise flows through the right-hand side manifold 26 On offer is a way that made the principle being discharged.

As described above, in the manufacturing of the reactor and the heat exchanger container stack by laminating the corrugated plates formed by vertically forming the V-shaped wrinkles on the flat plate proposed in the present invention, the corrugated bar for upper and lower edge sealing, The design principle of the heat exchanger, which is manufactured by the principle of closely stacking without any gaps by inserting a cutting pleat bar for changing an inner channel flow, is easy to manufacture and the welding for sealing between channels is carried out from the outside of the side of the stack It is easy to make and it can be applied to a wide range from small micro-channel type heat exchanger to large industrial catalytic reactor because the adhesion between wrinkles can be as small as mm or less up to several tens of mm regardless of the size of wrinkles. In particular, the Euro flows to the zig zag up and down the corrugated plate, and the zig zag The heat transfer efficiency can be increased, so that it can be designed to meet the requirements of the thin catalyst layer thickness and the high efficiency heat exchange load for effective temperature control of the reactor accompanied by extreme heat or endothermic reaction, and the gas- It is advantageous to be able to be effectively used in the production of a high-efficiency heat exchanger.

Claims (10)

A heat exchange device which can be used for heat generation or reaction accompanied by endothermic reaction and / or fluid-to-fluid heat exchange, comprising: a plurality of corrugated plates which are regularly wrinkled vertically and horizontally on a thermally conductive metal plate, And a stack having channels through which fluid flows between the pleated plates. The heat exchange apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the corrugated plates in the stack are laminated such that the valleys of the upper corrugated plate are positioned lower than the floor of the lower corrugated plate. The heat exchange apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the corrugated plate is a linear wrinkle that transposes the V-shape vertically and laterally. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the wrinkles have a width ranging from 4 to 100 mm and a length between the vertexes ranging from 1.5 to 2.0 times the width of the vertexes, In the range of 1-40 mm. 5. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the strut is spaced apart by a flap bar inserted into left and right edges and a corrugated bar inserted into upper and lower edges. The heat exchanger according to claim 5, wherein a cutting pleat bar is inserted between the pleat bars in a channel provided with a pleat bar between the upper and lower edges to form the channel as a jig. 6. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a corrugated bar is inserted between the upper and lower edges of the odd-numbered channel, Wherein the catalyst is filled with an endothermic or exothermic catalyst in an even numbered channel. 6. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a corrugated bar is inserted between the upper and lower edges in the odd-numbered channel and the even-numbered channel for use in the high-efficiency heat exchanger, Wherein heat is exchanged through the corrugated plate as the fluid having the heat flows. 8. The heat exchange apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the even-numbered channel is attached with a removable manifold so that the catalyst can be filled and disused after use. 9. The heat exchange apparatus according to claim 8, wherein manifolds for discharging and discharging are attached by welding to inlet and outlet of each fluid to the stack.

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