KR20160067710A

KR20160067710A - The producing method of leather

Info

Publication number: KR20160067710A
Application number: KR1020150066200A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 정천식
Original assignee: 주식회사 블루인더스
Priority date: 2014-12-04
Filing date: 2015-05-12
Publication date: 2016-06-14
Also published as: KR101764910B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a leather by processing an armor sheet of cowhide so as to prevent the discharge of contaminated water from the outside, Chromium treatment using chromium; Neutralizing; Performing dyeing and branching operations; Performing a fixing process; And performing a topping process, thereby reducing the amount of polluted water discharged to the outside. Preferably, in the basic treatment step, 20 to 40% by weight of water is added to 100% by weight of leather to be added, and the mixture is dipped in water for 20 to 40 minutes so that chromium is contained in an amount of 2 to 5% And putting it into operation for 1 hour to 3 hours. In the neutralization step, 3 to 7% by weight of a neutralizing agent is added to 100% by weight of the leather to be put in a state where the basic treatment step is finished, and the neutralizing agent is operated for 2 to 3 hours, And a mixing ratio of 1: 1 is used. Therefore, it is possible to perform eco-friendly operation due to the absence of polluted water discharged to the outside, and the manufacturing cost is lowered. Also, since the amount of water to be used is small, a larger amount can be treated at once, Another advantage is that the production cost is lowered.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an armored leather having reduced polluted water discharge,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a leather, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing leather using environmentally friendly leather by using a lowermost armor sheet mainly used as a glove for leather, and drastically reducing the amount of wastewater discharged causing environmental pollution The present invention relates to a method for producing an armored leather having reduced polluted water discharge.

Generally, there are many kinds of leather products such as shoes, hats, gloves, handbags, clothes. Leather products are superior to other materials in terms of touch, cold resistance and durability, so they are favored by many people, and demand is increasing.

Various kinds of leather products are divided into aprons such as handbags, garments such as leather jumpers, and footwear, and leather products are classified according to the use place. Hereinafter, a process for manufacturing such a leather product will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a view showing a manufacturing process from a bovine hides to a desired leather fabric production process. As shown in the figure, generally, the raw skins of the cattle are separated into two kinds according to their quality. That is, since the quality of the leather is different from that of the cow's sheath and armor, it is separated by cutting the hides into the sheath and armor. Usually, the outer part is made of high quality material after processing, and the armor part is made of a general purpose material.

These armor pieces may be used as they are, or they may be divided into two layers and used again. At this time, the armor part located at the lowest layer is used for general purpose welding gloves such as welding gloves, which are generally used rather than general leather products having a good appearance because of poor quality of armor. These armor parts are not only poor in leather quality but also small in size, so they are usually called gloves.

Next, the separated shell and armor parts are different only for their use purpose, and a leather product having desired properties is manufactured through a general processing step. Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a leather for making a leather material for a glove and a leather material for a welding work using a glove part as a lowest part of an armor paper will be briefly described, and the leather material will be referred to as an armor paper.

First, the glove portion is neutralized. That is, since the glove paper has impurities such as lipid attached thereto, it is necessary to remove such impurities. Moreover, since the raw hide itself is an animal tissue, it becomes corrupted when it is used as it is and the desired strength can not be maintained by the physical properties of the raw hide itself. Accordingly, various chemicals are applied to the gloves to remove fats and waste products, to change strength, and to change the tissue from animal to vegetable. In general, this work is done in a large container called an antique glove that is compounded with medicine. As for the amount of the raw material to be supplied for this work, about 300% by weight of water and 5% by weight of other chemicals are added to the total weight of the armor paper. Since the neutralized glove contains a large amount of water, the water is discharged to the outside after a certain amount of water is discharged, and then the water is re-washed in about 50% by weight of the total weight of the gloves, . Such water is contaminated water mixed with chemicals, and these polluted water is discharged to the outside after purification.

Next, perform the dyed & branch work on the glove. In this step, dyeing is performed to show the color of the desired product, and the chemical treatment is performed so that the physical properties of the desired leather product, such as the degree of stretchability of the product and the hardness of the leather, can be expressed. The mixing ratio of the chemicals used in this process varies depending on the physical properties of the leather, but it is usually about 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the dyestuff showing the desired color, 1 to 5% by weight of the tanning agent and other components such as neutralizing agent, Is mixed in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight. Along with the medicines, about 150% by weight of water is put into a large container called an antique. Therefore, the medicines and dyes penetrate into the internal tissues of the gloves, causing changes in physical properties of glove tissues and dyeing.

After completing the above process, the waterproofing process can be carried out to impart waterproofness to the workwear. In the case of a simple leather which does not require waterproofness, this case is omitted and the fixing and topping operations immediately after the process are completed, And the operation is completed.

In general processes as described above, not only a large amount of water is used, but also the amount of polluted water discharged after use is too large to cause environmental pollution.

That is, the amount of water used is about 300 wt% to about 400 wt% for the amount of leather to be added in the first neutralization step, about 150 wt% to about 250 wt% in the second step for dyeing & In the fixing process, about 20% to 80% by weight is used, and all of the water is discharged as polluted water except for the amount of water penetrating into the actual leather, so that the polluted water discharged is at least 300% by weight based on the weight of the leather . Such pollution water discharge problem is a very important factor in terms of the environment, and gradually, the leather manufacturing industry itself becomes an evasive industry due to the environmental pollution problem, and presents a problem of high cost and low efficiency.

Application No. 10-2006-0064038 (Manufacturing method of natural leather) Application No. 10-2006-7012831 (leather manufacturing process)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a leather manufacturing method that minimizes the amount of polluted water discharged to the outside, thereby preventing environmental pollution.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a leather by processing armor leather of cowhide, comprising the steps of: putting water into a raw hide, A chromium treatment step of treating chromium with a raw hide in a state of being treated; Neutralizing the raw hides by injecting a neutralizing agent; Performing dyeing and branching operations; Performing a fixing process; And a topping treatment is performed on the surface of the glove leather to reduce the polluted water discharge.

Preferably, the dewatering step is carried out by adding 20 to 100% by weight of water to 100% by weight of the leather to be added, By weight, and the primer is operated for 1 to 3 hours. In the neutralization step, 3 to 7% by weight of a neutralizing agent is added to 100% by weight of the leather to be put in a state where the basic treatment step is finished, and the neutralizing agent is operated for 2 to 3 hours, And a mixing ratio of 1: 1 is used.

More preferably, the step of dyeing and branching comprises: adding 0.5 to 2% by weight of ammonia water, 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of dyestuff and 3 to 8% by weight of oil to 100% by weight of leather to be added, Wherein the step of immobilizing is performed such that 0.5 to 2% by weight of formic acid is diluted with water to 100% by weight of the leather to be added, do.

The amount of pollution discharged to the outside is extremely small, so that an eco-friendly operation is possible and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

As the amount of water used is small, not only a larger amount of water can be processed at the same time, but also the operation load is reduced, thereby reducing the production cost due to energy saving.

1 is a flow chart showing a process for producing leather according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a photograph comparing leather produced by the conventional method with leather produced by the present invention. Fig.
Fig. 3 is a photograph showing the waterproof performance of leather according to the present invention and conventional leather having an ordinary leather disinfecting ability not having disinfecting ability. Fig.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a process of manufacturing a leather according to the present invention. As shown, it can be seen that the present invention consists largely of the steps of pretreatment-basic treatment-neutralization-dyeing & branching-fixing-topping. If necessary, waterproofing may be carried out after dyeing & branching work, and waterproofing treatment may be performed, followed by fixing. Hereinafter, each step will be described.

(1) Pretreatment step (I)

Since the pretreatment is to remove unnecessary things such as removal of contaminants of inputted raw hides, removal of proteins and dust, the present invention aims at eliminating the discharge of contaminated water by the conventional cleaning process, so it is preferable to remove such foreign substances as much as possible Do.

(2) Number of hides and chrome treatment step (Ⅱ)

This step is a step of supplementing the lost moisture to optimize the condition of the raw hides. Water and chromium are used for this purpose. According to the experiments of the present inventors, by using the chromium used in the conventional dyeing & branching process, it was possible to obtain a new leather manufacturing method in which no polluted water is discharged. In this case, it was found that a much higher quality than that of the conventional leather was obtained.

The raw hides are put in a dry state, and the raw hides themselves are hydrophilic, so that the tissues are loosened by the water to be injected, whereby the dyed or waterproof materials penetrate into the tissues to exhibit desired physical properties. The amount of water to be kept in the bodied state is usually enough to keep the bodied state of the water. For this purpose, 20 to 100% by weight, preferably 20 to 40% by weight, of 100% . It was found that the soaking was suitable for the inherent role of restoring the lost moisture to the sacculous state.

That is, the amount of water that is normally added to the raw hides for the number required for the present invention may be about 20 to 40 wt% based on the total weight of the raw hides, but the conditions of the horses to be fed are not all the same Sometimes, when the condition of the raw hides is very dry, some amount of water is needed for the water droplets. Considering the state of such very dried hides, it is sufficient if it is less than 100% by weight. If the amount of water exceeding the above range is applied, the workability is smooth, but the remaining water is discharged to the outside and treated with the contaminated water. Therefore, in order to minimize the amount of polluted water discharged, And it can be controlled according to the operating hours of the ancient times.

According to the results of research and experiments conducted by the present inventors, it has been found that the physical properties of the desired leather vary depending on whether or not the chrome is input and the time period through the entire chromium process. That is, when water and chrome are simultaneously added to the water droplets, the chrome is not dispersed evenly, and it is found that the uniformity of the dyeing is not guaranteed due to the aggregation phenomenon.

In other words, it can be seen that chromium is injected evenly into the change of the raw hides by the numerical work due to the chromium being injected at this stage, so that the neutralization work and dyeing & The chromium is preferably used in an amount of 2 to 5% by weight based on 100% by weight of the leather to be added, and when the amount is less than 2% by weight, the amount of water to be added in the dyeing and branching process is increased. The amount of water used was small, but it was found that dyeing was not smooth in the dyeing process described later. Therefore, in order to suppress the amount of water used in the post-treatment and to facilitate the dyeing, it was found that the amount of chromium charged was optimal from 2 to 5 wt%.

In the water and chrome treatment step, water is first applied to the hides, and the hides are kept in the harsh environment for about 10 to 30 minutes. After that, the chromium is put into the powder state as it is, and the chromium is uniformly dispersed and penetrated into each tissue of the bare skin by running the primer for 1 hour to 3 hours. In this case, it was found that the chromium penetration into the tissue was not smooth during operation within one hour, so that the amount of water used after the operation was required to be increased. In case of operating for more than 3 hours, chromium penetrated into the tissue was discharged to the outside, I could see that it affected.

(3) neutralization step (III)

The neutralization step used in the present invention is different from the conventional neutralization step. That is, in the conventional neutralization step, a large amount of water (150 to 200% by weight based on the input leather) is injected together with the chemicals to be discharged as contaminated water except for the amount of water used for water washing. In the present invention, It is characterized by not being. Therefore, the neutralization process in the present invention literally causes changes in physical properties and tissue.

That is, since the hideself itself is an animal tissue, it becomes corrupted when it is used as it is, and the desired strength can not be maintained by the physical properties of the hideself. Therefore, various chemicals are applied to the gloves to change the strength and to change the structure from animal to vegetable. The soda and bicarbonate are generally used in the conventional neutralization process. About 3 to 7% by weight. It was found that neutralization can be achieved by operating the antioxidant for 2 to 3 hours after the neutralizing agent is added.

In other words, it can be seen that the chrome injected in the basic treatment step is uniformly penetrated into the raw hides, so that the neutralization chemicals are sufficiently penetrated into the tissues without any additional water, thereby changing the physical properties. In the case of neutralized chemicals, the use of less than 3% by weight did not sufficiently neutralize, and more than 7% of the neutralized chemicals were meaningless and all were discharged to the outside.

(4) Dyeing & Branching Step (IV)

This step also uses a large amount of water, about 200% by weight of 100% by weight of the leather, which is generally input in the conventional process, and this water is also discharged into the polluted water, causing environmental pollution. However, in the present invention, this step also does not use water at all and is executed in a different process.

That is, the agents for dyeing and branching used in the step of the present invention are conventional and conventional, but chrome and water used in the past are not used at all, and the operating time for running in an ancient state is made different.

According to the experiments of the present inventors, it has been found that chromium can not sufficiently penetrate into the skin tissue when the water is not used and chromium is not sufficiently penetrated into the skin tissue when water is not used. Therefore, the use of chromium in the basic treatment step in which water is injected for the above-mentioned number of water rather than this step, water is reduced to the bare skin state, and at the same time, chromium penetrates into the tissue uniformly. It was found that chromium remained intact in the neutralization stage without any damage.

Therefore, it was found that the chemicals injected for dyeing and branching in this step reacted sufficiently with the chromium penetrated into the tissues, so that dyeing and branching work was smoothly performed.

The drugs used for dyeing and bifurcation are as follows. Ammonia water is used in an amount of 0.5 to 2% by weight based on the total weight of leather, 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of dyestuff and 3 to 8% by weight of oil. After these medicines are put in, they are allowed to operate for 2 to 3 hours for a long time in an unprecedented manner unlike the prior art. That is, water is not used in this step, so that it is operated for a long period of time in order to allow the dye and branching agent to permeate each tissue in the raw hides.

(5) Fixing step (V)

It can be seen that the fixing step is also divided into two, unlike the prior art, but long term operation is preferable. That is, in this step, conventionally used formic acid is diluted with water to a half of the amount, and then the mixture is firstly put into the water, and is fixed for about 20 to 30 minutes by rotating the pregelatinization. It was found to be suitable for maintenance.

(6) Topping step (VI)

In the topping step, only about half of the amount of chromium used conventionally was found to be sufficient, and it was found that such chromium was preferably diluted with water.

The leather produced as described above is useful for general leather which is not provided with a separate waterproof performance. That is, in the case of a general-purpose welding glove used in a shipyard or the like, since it is a consumable item, it may be sufficient to manufacture it from the above-mentioned leather. However, it is sometimes necessary to use waterproofing for special purpose gloves, for example, in the case of an external wet environment or on rainy days, and for welding boots.

In this case, it is enough to add waterproof treatment in this leather breeding process. That is, after the step of dyeing & branching (IV), it is enough to carry out the water treatment process which is conventionally generally treated. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, when the waterproofing treatment is performed, the physical properties of the waterproofing treatment are superior to those of the conventional waterproofing treatment.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, in the present invention, water of a sufficient degree is used for a watery condition which is used for reducing raw dry raw hides to a raw hides, and such water is contained in the leather and naturally dried in the finishing step There is almost no amount of polluted water discharged to the outside. The amount of polluted water discharged from the present invention is the water used for the input of formic acid in the fixing step and the water used for the chromium input in the topping step, which amount is not more than 1/20 of the amount of conventionally discharged polluted water Small amount, and less than the amount of pollution source.

More specifically, in a general conventional method, 300% to 400% by weight of water is added and used in proportion to the total weight of the leather, and a portion of the leather, in which a certain amount of water is put, But it is usually about 40% by weight to 100% by weight based on the total weight of the leather, so that at least 200% by weight of water is discharged to the outside as contaminated water. On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the amount of water supplied to the total weight of the leather to be used is used as it is, the amount of water discharged to the outside is 10% by weight or less, and the discharge of polluted water is drastically reduced.

Accordingly, the most stubborn problem that occurs in the leather manufacturing process is that no polluted water is generated, and a separate purification device for treating the polluted water is not necessary.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described.

Example 1) Production of general leather

1) Pretreatment step (I)

2000 kg of raw hides are prepared, and the raw hides are firstly put into the premises so as to keep contaminated sources such as dust, oil and the like as pollution sources removed.

2) Basic processing step (II)

600kg of water (30% of leather) is put into the premises, and the primordial is operated for 20 minutes. After that, 75 kg of chromium (3.75%) is put into the powdered state, and the primate is run for 120 minutes so that it penetrates sufficiently into each tissue.

3) neutralization step (III)

50kg (2.5%) of acid soda and 50kg (2.5%) of deep frying are put into operation, and 120 minutes of unprecedented operation is carried out.

4) Dyeing & branching stage (IV)

Ammonia water 20 kg (1%) and dye 1 kg (0.05%) were diluted in water to make a liquid. 50 kg of GE-A (2.5%) and 60 kg of WH-100 (3% Rotate to perform dyeing and branching operations.

5) Stabilization phase (Ⅴ)

The fixation step was carried out in two steps of formic acid. First, 12.5 kg (0.63%) of formic acid was diluted in 100 kg of water, and after the operation was continued for 30 minutes, the same procedure as the first step was further performed again.

6) Topping step (VI)

The topping step was carried out by diluting with 12.5% (0.63%) of chromium in 100 kg of water and operating for 60 minutes.

Example 2: Manufacture of waterproofed leather

After the dyeing and branching process was completed, the waterproofing step was performed before the fixing step.

For waterproof treatment, 90kg (4.5%) of AZ-60D which is waterproof oil and 40kg (2%) of PQX were put into the tank, and the waterproofing step was carried out by rotating the tank for 180 minutes.

The leather produced by the conventional method and the leather produced by the process of the present invention after the above-mentioned carrying out have a great physical property and can be sufficiently used for the welding work clothes.

That is, as shown in Fig. 2, the appearance of the ordinary leather (a) manufactured by the conventional method (a lot of polluted water discharge) and the leather (b) produced by the present invention is shown.

As shown in the figure, both of the leathers are dyed and appearance, and their physical properties are good as general leathers.

3 shows the state of the leather which has been subjected to the waterproofing treatment. The leather (a) which is not subjected to the waterproofing treatment and the waterproof leather (b) The waterproof test of the leather (c) was shown.

As can be seen, the general leather (a) is not waterproof, and it can be seen that the dye component in the leather is rather expressed by the water due to the water impregnated. On the other hand, it can be seen that the leather according to the conventional method (b) and the method (c) according to the present invention fully exhibits the waterproof function. Particularly, Able to know. That is, although the waterproof leather according to the present invention has better waterproof performance than the conventional waterproof leather, it is an innovative eco-friendly method since there is little amount of polluted water discharged to the outside of leather production.

Claims

A method of manufacturing leather by processing leather gloves,
A step of putting water into the raw hide, rotating the raw hide in a natural state,
A chromium treatment step of treating chromium with a raw hide in a state of being treated;
Neutralizing the raw hides by injecting a neutralizing agent;
Performing dyeing and branching operations;
Performing a fixing process; And
And a topping treatment is performed on the surface of the glove leather.

The method according to claim 1,
And further comprising a waterproofing step of performing a dyeing and branching operation.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the step of digitizing comprises:
Wherein 20 to 100% by weight of water is added to 100% by weight of the leather to be introduced, and the leather is rotated in an ante for 20 to 40 minutes.

The method of claim 3,
Wherein the chromium treatment step is carried out by applying 2 to 5% by weight of chromium in a state where the raw hides are collected, and operating for 1 to 3 hours.

5. The method of claim 4,
In the neutralization step,
Characterized in that 3 to 7% by weight of a neutralizing agent is added to 100% by weight of the leather to be supplied in the state where the chromium treatment step is finished, and the primer is operated for 2 to 3 hours. Way.

6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the neutralizing agent is a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate at a ratio of 1: 1.

The method according to claim 6,
The step of dyeing and branching comprises:
Characterized in that 0.5 to 2% by weight of ammonia water, 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of dye and 3 to 8% by weight of oil are added to 100% by weight of leather to be injected, Method of manufacturing leather.

8. The method of claim 7,
The fixing step may include:
Characterized in that 0.5 to 2% by weight of formic acid is diluted in water with respect to 100% by weight of leather to be added, and the process is performed twice for 20 to 40 minutes. .

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The waterproofing process may include:
Characterized in that 3 to 8% by weight of a waterproofing agent is added to 100% by weight of the leather to be supplied, and the primer is operated for 2 to 3 hours.