KR20160066849A - Optical filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optical filter and a display device. According to the present invention, the optical filter forms a trench layer including a convex portion and a concave portion on a base layer, thereby easily forming a light transmission amount adjustment region.

Description

OPTICAL FILTER

The present application relates to an optical filter and a display device.

Techniques for dividing light into two or more kinds of lights having different polarization states from each other can be used in various fields.

The light splitting technique can be applied, for example, to the production of stereoscopic images. Such a stereoscopic image generation technique can be usefully used in three-dimensional measurement, 3D TV, camera, or computer graphics.

Examples related to a stereoscopic image display device using a light division technique are disclosed in, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2. [

There is a phenomenon referred to as a so-called crosstalk, which is a problem in a stereoscopic image display apparatus which realizes a stereoscopic image by optical division. Crosstalk can occur when a signal to be incident on the left eye of an observer is incident on the right eye, or when a signal to be incident on the right eye is incident on the left eye. Due to the crosstalk, the viewing angle can be reduced, for example, when viewing stereoscopic images. Various methods can be considered to reduce the crosstalk, but it is not easy to secure a wide viewing angle by reducing the crosstalk without loss of brightness of the stereoscopic image.

Korea Registration No. 0967899 Korea Publication No. 2010-0089782

The present application provides an optical filter and a display device.

An exemplary optical filter comprises a substrate layer; A trench layer including irregularities formed on the base layer by convex portions; And a light transmittance adjusting region formed in the concave portion of the trench layer.

As the base layer, for example, a glass base layer or a plastic base layer can be used. Examples of the plastic substrate layer include a cellulose resin such as TAC (triacetyl cellulose) or DAC (diacetyl cellulose); COP (cyclo olefin polymer) such as norbornene derivatives; Polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyether sulfone (PES), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, polyethylenemaphthatate (PEN), polyester such as PET (polyethyleneterephthalate), polyimide (PI), polysulfone (PSF), fluororesin or the like.

The plastic substrate layer may be optically isotropic or anisotropic. In one example, the substrate layer may comprise a sunscreen agent or an ultraviolet absorber. By incorporating an ultraviolet screening agent or an absorbent into the substrate layer, deterioration of the liquid crystal layer due to ultraviolet rays can be prevented. Examples of the ultraviolet light blocking agent or absorbing agent include a salicylic acid ester compound, a benzophenone compound, an oxybenzophenone compound, a benzotriazole compound, a cyanoacrylate compound or a benzoate an organic substance such as a benzoate compound or the like, or an inorganic substance such as zinc oxide or a nickel complex salt. The content of the ultraviolet screening agent or the absorbent in the base layer is not particularly limited and may be suitably selected in consideration of the objective effect. For example, in the production process of the plastic substrate layer, the ultraviolet screening agent or the absorbent may be contained in an amount of about 0.1% to 25% by weight based on the main material of the substrate layer.

The thickness of the base layer is not particularly limited and can be suitably adjusted according to the intended use.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a side view of an exemplary trench layer, showing a trench layer comprising irregularities including convex and concave portions. Such a trench layer can be formed on the base layer.

The trench layer 2 can uniformly form a light transmittance control region (hereinafter, referred to as a " TC region ") 4, and the protrusions and recesses may have a predetermined size.

The term " TC region " may mean a region formed to block light incident on the region or transmit only a part of the light incident on the region. In one example, the TC region may refer to a region where the transmittance of the incident light, i.e., the light transmittance, ranges from 0% to 20%, 0% to 15%, 0% to 10%, or 0% to 5%.

For example, referring to FIG. 2, the pitch of the convex portions is a point at which one convex portion starts and another convex portion adjacent to the convex portion starts when the uneven surface of the trench layer is observed from above As shown in FIG. That is, the pitch means the sum of the width of the block portion and the width of the concave portion. The convex portion may also have a pitch P of about 10 m to 1000 m. The pixel size L is the size of the first area of the liquid crystal layer and is the sum of the width of the concave portion and the width of the block portion and also the pitch of the block portion. Thus, the L may be 10 [mu] m to 1000 [mu] m. The width of the convex portion means the shortest distance connecting both side portions of the convex portion when the surface of the trench layer of the trench is observed from above. When the pixel size in the vertical direction of the 3D screen forming the concavities and convexities is L, the convex portion has a size of 1 占 퐉 to L / 2 占 퐉, preferably 10 占 퐉 to L / 3 占 퐉, more preferably L / 10 占 퐉 to L / 3 占 퐉 , Or a width (W) of about L / 5 占 퐉 to L / 3 占 퐉. In one embodiment, the width of the block portion may be in the range of from 1 micron to 500 microns, preferably from 10 microns to 1000 microns, more preferably from 100 microns to 1000 microns, or from 200 microns to 1000 microns, Lt; / RTI > The height H of the convex portion may be, for example, about 0.01 탆 to 10 탆. Fig. 2 is a side view of an exemplary trench layer, showing the above-mentioned width W, pitch P and height H. Fig. The TC region can be formed in a stripe shape by the irregularities formed by the convex portions having the width, pitch, and / or height in the above-mentioned range.

The irregularities formed on the surface of the trench layer can be formed into various shapes by the convex portions as described above. For example, the irregularities may be formed by two or more convex portions. For example, the irregularities may be formed by two or more convex portions having a stripe shape disposed in parallel with each other. In this case, for example, as shown in Fig. 1, the irregularities may be in the form of stripe-shaped convex portions and concave portions formed between the convex portions alternately arranged adjacent to each other. The concave-convex structure may be formed by convex portions having substantially the same shape and size as each other, or may be formed by convex portions of two or more types of stripe-shaped convex portions having different shapes and / or sizes from each other. In addition, the width, height, and / or pitch of each convex portion and / or concave portion are substantially equal to each other, so that irregularities may have a periodicity or may have an irregularity because they are different.

The terms vertical, horizontal, orthogonal, or parallel as used herein may mean substantially vertical, horizontal, orthogonal, or parallel, respectively, without substantially affecting the desired effect. For example, each of the above terms is based on, for example, a manufacturing error or a variation. For example, an error within about ± 15 degrees, an error within about ± 10 degrees, An error within 5 degrees or an error within about +/- 3 degrees.

The trench layer may be formed using various materials as long as it is formed in the above-described shape. For example, the trench layer may be a resin layer formed by using a polymer compound. The resin layer may include, for example, the photocurable resin composition in a cured state. The term " cured state " as used herein may mean a state in which the components included in each resin composition form a crosslinked or uncrosslinked macromolecular compound through a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction. In addition, the above-mentioned photocurable resin composition may mean a composition in which the cured state can be induced by light irradiation.

In one example, the resin composition may be a composition capable of forming a resin layer which is cured to mainly contain an acrylic compound, an epoxy compound, a urethane compound, a phenol compound, a urethane acrylate compound or a polyester compound. In this case, the resin layer may include the above-described compounds. In the above, the "compound" may be a monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric compound. In this field, various resin compositions capable of forming the resin layer as described above are known.

The TC region 4 can be formed in the concave portion of the concavo-convex portion formed in the trench layer (see FIG. 3).

The TC region can be formed using, for example, a light-blocking ink, a light absorbing ink, or a reflective material. For example, the TC region can be formed in such a manner that the light-diffusing ink, the light absorbing ink, or the reflective material is filled in consideration of the shape, pattern, and position of the desired TC region.

Further, a reflective film 3 may be formed on the lower end of the concave portion of the trench layer 2, and a TC region may be formed on the reflective film (see FIG. 4).

The reflective film may include a reflective material. The reflective material may be a silver paste, an aluminum thin film, a chromium thin film, or the like, but is not limited thereto.

The optical filter may further include an orientation layer 5 on the trench layer 2. [ The liquid crystal display device may further include a liquid crystal layer formed on the alignment layer and having first and second regions arranged adjacent to each other so as to divide incident light into two or more lights having different polarization states from each other and emit light .

3 shows an exemplary optical filter 10 which includes a base layer 1, a trench layer 2, a TC region 4, an orientation layer 5 and a liquid crystal layer 6 which are sequentially formed, And the TC region TC exists in the concave portion.

4 shows an example optical filter 20 in which a substrate layer 1, a trench layer 2, a reflective film 3, a TC region 4, an orientation layer 5, and a liquid crystal layer 6 ), The reflection film 3 is located at the lower end of the concave portion, and the TC region TC exists at the upper end of the concave portion.

The alignment layer may be, for example, a layer that aligns the liquid crystal compound of the liquid crystal layer and functions to form the first and second regions. As the alignment layer, a conventional alignment layer known in the art, for example, an alignment layer formed in an imprinting manner, a photo alignment layer, or a rubbing alignment layer can be used. The orientation layer may have an arbitrary structure, and in some cases, the orientation layer may be imparted without orientation layer by directly rubbing or stretching the base layer.

The liquid crystal layer may include first and second regions having different phase delay characteristics from each other. The liquid crystal layer may be formed entirely on the alignment layer, or may be formed only in a part of the alignment layer. In the present specification, when the phase delay characteristics between regions are different from each other, in the state where all of the object regions have phase delay characteristics, the regions have optical axes which are formed in the same or different directions, In the case of different areas; The case where the first and second regions have the same phase difference, the direction of the optical axis formed in each region is different and the case where any one of the first and second regions has a retardation and the other region is an isotropic region . In this specification, the term optical axis may refer to a slow axis or a fast axis in the process of transmitting light through the corresponding region, and may mean, for example, a ground axis.

In one example, the first and second regions may be formed so that, when light linearly polarized in the same direction is incident, the first and second regions can be divided into circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light having mutually opposite rotational directions. An example of such a region is a case where both the first and second regions are formed in a direction in which the optical axes are different from each other with a quarter wavelength layer, or a region of either of the first and second regions is a quarter wavelength layer, May be exemplified in the case of a 3/4 wavelength layer and the like. For example, the first region may be a quarter-wave layer having an optical axis in a first direction, and the second region may be a quarter-wave layer having an optical axis in a second direction different from the first direction. As used herein, the term n-wavelength layer may refer to a phase delay layer capable of retarding the incident light by n times its wavelength. In the above, n may be, for example, 1/2, 1/4 or 3/4.

The liquid crystal layer may include, for example, a liquid crystal compound which is aligned by the underlying alignment layer. The first and second regions of the above-described shape can be formed by adjusting the alignment direction or kind of the liquid crystal compound or the thickness of the liquid crystal layer.

The liquid crystal compound may be contained in the liquid crystal layer in a homogeneous, homeotropic, tilted, splay or cholesteric orientation, for example. In one example, the liquid crystal compound may be included in a horizontally oriented state. As used herein, the term horizontal alignment means that the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer comprising the liquid crystal compound is in the range of about 0 degrees to about 25 degrees, about 0 degrees to about 15 degrees, about 0 degrees to about 10 degrees, about 0 degrees To about 5 degrees or about 0 degrees.

The first and second regions of the liquid crystal layer may be formed in various shapes. For example, the first region of the liquid crystal layer may be a region formed on the convex portion of the alignment layer, and the second region may be a region formed on the concave portion of the alignment layer. In this case, the first and second regions may have a shape corresponding to the pattern of the convex portion and the concave portion of the orientation layer. That is, the first and second regions may be patterned into the regular lattice shape, the displaced lattice shape, or the irregular lattice shape in a stripe form or a lattice form arranged in parallel with each other.

In one example, the liquid crystal compound of the liquid crystal layer may be a polymerizable liquid crystal compound. The term polymerizable liquid crystal compound may mean a compound containing a moiety capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity such as a mesogen skeleton and containing at least one polymerizable functional group. The liquid crystal compound may be contained in the liquid crystal layer in the state that the liquid crystal polymer is polymerized with each other, for example. The liquid crystal layer may further contain a polymerizable liquid crystal compound in a non-polymerized state, or may further contain known additives such as a stabilizer, a non-polymerizable non-liquid crystalline compound, or an initiator.

In one example, the liquid crystal compound may include a multifunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound as the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. The term multifunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound may mean a polymerizable liquid crystal compound containing two or more polymerizable functional groups. The polyfunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound contains 2 to 10, 2 to 8, 2 to 6, 2 to 5, 2 to 4, 2 to 3 or 2 polymerizable functional groups can do. LC242 (TM) was used in the practice of the present invention.

The polymerizable liquid crystal compound may be, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (1).

[Chemical Formula 1]

In formula (1), A is a single bond, -COO- or -OCO-, and R ₁ to R ₁₀ are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl group, alkoxy group, or a substituent of the formula 2, R ₁ to R ₅ pair of two adjacent substituents of R ₆ to R ₁₀ or a pair of two substituents adjoining are connected to each other but form a benzene substituted with -TQP, R ₁ to at least one of R ₁₀ may be a substituent of the formula -TQP or 2, R ₁ to R _5, or two substituents R ₆ to R _10, at least one pair of the two adjacent substituents of the adjoining are connected to each other -TQP -O-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO- or -OCOO-, Q is an alkylene group or an alkylidene group, P is an alkenyl group , An epoxy group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an acryloyloxy group, Methacryloyloxy group:

(2)

R ₁₁ to R ₁₅ are each independently hydrogen, a halogen, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group or -TQP, and R ₁₁ to R ₁₅ is -TQP, T is a single bond, -O-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO- or -OCOO-, Q is an alkylene group or an alkylidene group, An alkoxy group, an alkenyl group, an epoxy group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group.

In this specification,

May mean that the moiety is connected to a mother compound. For example, in Formula 2,

May mean that B is directly linked to the benzene of formula (1).

As used herein, the term single bond may mean that there is no separate atom or group at that site. For example, in the above formulas (1) and (2), the term "single bond" means a case where no separate atom exists in the part represented by A or B. For example, when A is a single bond in formula (I), benzene on both sides of A may be directly connected to form a biphenyl structure.

As the halogen in the present specification, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine and the like can be exemplified.

As used herein, the alkyl group includes, unless otherwise specified, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a carbon number of 1 to 16, a carbon number of 1 to 12, a carbon number of 1 to 8, or a carbon number of 1 to 4, Cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, 3 to 12 carbon atoms, 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or 3 to 6 carbon atoms may be exemplified. The alkyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents.

As the alkoxy group in the present specification, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to 16 carbon atoms, 1 to 12 carbon atoms, 1 to 8 carbon atoms or 1 to 4 carbon atoms may be exemplified, unless otherwise specified. The alkoxy group may be linear, branched or cyclic. In addition, the alkoxy group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents.

The alkylene group or the alkylidene group in the present specification includes, unless otherwise specified, an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to 16 carbon atoms, 1 to 12 carbon atoms, 1 to 8 carbon atoms, 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 3 to 20 carbon atoms, An alkylene group or an alkylidene group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 8 carbon atoms may be exemplified. The alkylene group or alkylidene group may be linear, branched or cyclic. In the above, the cyclic alkylene group or the alkylidene group may be an alkylene group or an alkylidene group including an aliphatic cyclic structure. The aliphatic ring structure may have one or two or more rings. Two or more rings may include a case where one or two or more carbons are included as common components in two or more rings different from each other. The alkylene or alkylidene group may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents

As the alkenyl group in the present specification, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, 2 to 16 carbon atoms, 2 to 12 carbon atoms, 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or 2 to 4 carbon atoms may be exemplified, unless otherwise specified. The alkenyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic. In addition, the alkenyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents.

In the present specification, any compound or substituent which may be substituted for the substituent includes an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkenyl group, an epoxy group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an acryloyloxy group, A silyl group, an aryl group, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

In the formulas (1) and (2), P may be, for example, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group.

-TQP, which may be present in at least one of the formulas (1) and (2) or the moiety of the formula (2), may for example be present at the position of R ₃ , R ₈ or R ₁₃ , for example, Can exist. Further, substituents other than the -TQP or the residue of the formula (2) in the compound of the formula (1) or the residue of the formula (2) include, for example, hydrogen, halogen, a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, An alkyl group, a cyano group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a nitro group. In another example, the substituent other than the -TQP or the residue of the formula (2) is hydrogen, chlorine, a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, .

The liquid crystal layer may further include a monofunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound when necessary. The term " monofunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound " may mean a compound containing one polymerizable functional group in the liquid crystal compound. The use of the multifunctional and monofunctional polymerizable compound together can effectively control the phase delay characteristics of the liquid crystal layer and can also stably maintain the implemented phase delay characteristics such as the optical axis of the phase delay layer or the phase delay value . As the monofunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound, a compound having the structure of Formula 1 and containing only one polymerizable functional group may be used.

When the liquid crystal layer further comprises a monofunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound, the monofunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound may be added in an amount of 0 to 100 parts by weight, 1 to 90 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the multifunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound , 1 part by weight to 80 parts by weight, 1 part by weight to 70 parts by weight, 1 part by weight to 60 parts by weight, 1 part by weight to 50 parts by weight, 1 part by weight to 30 parts by weight or 1 part by weight to 20 parts by weight . Within this range, the mixing effect of the multifunctional and monofunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be maximized. Unless specifically stated otherwise herein, unit weight parts can mean weight ratios.

In one example, the difference between the refractive index in the in-plane slow axis direction and the refractive index in the in-plane fast axis direction may be in the range of 0.05 to 0.2, 0.07 to 0.2, 0.09 to 0.2, or 0.1 to 0.2 in the liquid crystal layer. The refractive index in the in-plane slow axis direction means the refractive index in the direction showing the highest refractive index in the plane of the liquid crystal layer and the refractive index in the fast axis direction is the refractive index in the direction showing the lowest refractive index on the plane of the liquid crystal layer It can mean. In general, in the optically anisotropic liquid crystal layer, the fast axis and the slow axis are formed in directions perpendicular to each other. Each of the refractive indices may be a refractive index measured with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm or 589 nm. The liquid crystal layer may also have a thickness of about 0.5 占 퐉 to 2.0 占 퐉 or about 0.5 占 퐉 to 1.5 占 퐉.

The liquid crystal layer having the relationship of the refractive index and the thickness can realize the phase delay characteristic suitable for the application to which it is applied. In one example, the liquid crystal layer having the refractive index relationship and thickness may be suitable for an optical filter for light division, for example, an optical filter for stereoscopic image implementation.

The present application also relates to a method of manufacturing an optical filter. An exemplary method of fabrication may include filling a recess in a trench layer formed on a substrate layer and including convex and concave portions with a light transmittance control material.

The substrate layer can be applied to the same things as described above.

The trench layer is formed on the base layer and is a frame of a concave-convex shape by the convex portion described above to form a uniform micro-pattern TC region. The formation of the TC region may be performed on the concavo-convex concave portion of the trench layer. Or forming a reflection film at the bottom of the concave portion of the trench layer before forming the TC region.

The trench layer, the TC region, and the reflective film formed by such a method may be applied to the same items described in the item of the optical filter. On the other hand, the shape, width, height or pitch of the convex portion of the trench layer, the pattern of the convex portion and the concave portion, and the like can be similarly applied.

The method of forming the trench layer is not particularly limited, but a general master mold (see FIGS. 5 and 6) or a roll-to-roll process (see FIG. 7) have.

The master mold can be fabricated in a general manner, that is, laser etching.

The photocurable resin composition of the trench layer described above may be applied on the base layer using the master mold prepared as described above, and after the exposure, the mold may be removed to form the trench layer.

As shown in Fig. 7, the manufacturing process of the roll-to-roll type trench layer can be performed while continuously transferring the base layer 100 using rolls 60 such as winding rolls and winding rolls. The resin composition layer 200 is formed by applying the resin composition to the application device 20 while the base layer 100 is being moved and is contacted with the mold 300 formed on the rotating roll 50 A trench layer can be formed.

For example, the trench layer can be formed by bringing the layer into contact with a mold capable of transferring the desired irregularities after forming the uncured, cured or semi-cured state layer of the photocurable resin composition described above. When the layer of the resin composition is in an uncured or semi-cured state, the layer can be cured in contact with the mold.

The layer of the resin composition can be formed, for example, by applying a resin composition and curing or semi-curing if necessary. The resin composition can be produced, for example, by dissolving the above-described polymer or a monomer or oligomer capable of forming the polymer in a suitable solvent. As the solvent, an ether solvent, an aromatic solvent, a halogen solvent, an olefin solvent or a ketone solvent can be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The resin composition can be applied, for example, on the base layer described above. The method of applying the resin composition is not particularly limited and may be applied by a conventional method such as bar coating, comma coating, or spin coating.

Figure 7 illustrates in an exemplary manner the formation of a trench layer. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the layer 200 of the resin composition can be brought into contact with the mold 300 capable of transferring the desired unevenness to form a trench layer. Thus, irregularities of a shape in which the concave-convex structure of the mold 300 is inverted can be formed in the resin layer 200. The layer 200 of the resin composition can be cured or semi-cured at a time when the concavities and convexities of the mold 300 can be appropriately transferred, for example, before contact with the mold, in contact with the mold, . The method of curing the layer 200 of the resin composition is not particularly limited, and a method such as photo-curing may be used in view of the kind of the resin composition used.

The TC region can be formed by applying the above-described light-scattering or light-absorbing ink into the recesses of the trench layer irregularities. For example, a light-absorbing or light-absorbing ink containing an inorganic pigment such as carbon black, graphite or iron oxide, or an organic pigment such as an azo-based pigment or phthalocyanine-based pigment may be mixed with a suitable binder and / the application process can be carried out using an ink blended with a solvent. For example, the light transmittance of the TC region can be controlled by controlling the blending amount or type of the pigment. The coating method is not particularly limited and can be applied by a conventional method such as bar coating, comma coating or spin coating.

The reflective film can be formed by coating the transparent insulating material or the transparent conductive material on the bottom of the concave portion of the trench layer by a conventional thin film manufacturing method such as a sputtering method, a chemical vapor deposition method, a spray method, a dip coating method, or a spin coating method, It is more preferable to form the reflection film by using the sputtering method.

The orientation layer can be formed by coating the photo-aligning compound on the trench layer irregularities and the TC region, aligning through irradiation of linearly polarized light, or imprinting such as a nanoimprinting method. In this field, various methods of forming an orientation layer in consideration of a desired orientation pattern, for example, the patterns of the first and second regions, are known.

After the orientation layer is prepared, a liquid crystal composition can be applied to form a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal composition can be produced, for example, by dissolving the liquid crystal compound described above in a suitable solvent. Examples of the solvent include halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, tetrachloroethane, trichlorethylene, tetrachlorethylene and chlorobenzene; Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, cymene, methoxybenzene and 1,2-dimethoxybenzene; Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone or cyclopentanone; Alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol or n-butanol; A solvent such as methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, or butyl cellosolve may be used, but is not limited thereto.

The liquid crystal composition may include a radical or a cation initiator as an initiator for initiating polymerization of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound when necessary. The proportion of initiator in the composition is not limited so long as it can induce an appropriate degree of polymerization. For example, the initiator may be in an amount of 3 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, but is not limited thereto.

When necessary, the liquid crystal composition may further contain a chiral agent, a surfactant, a polymerizable non-liquid crystalline compound, or a non-polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

After the application of the liquid crystal composition, if necessary, the solvent may be removed through a drying process or the like. Further, the liquid crystal layer can be formed, for example, by aligning and / or polymerizing a liquid crystal compound. The conditions such as the drying, orientation and / or polymerization process are not particularly limited, and can be carried out in the same manner as the conventional liquid crystal layer formation method known in the art.

The present application also relates to a display device, for example, a stereoscopic image display device. An exemplary display device may include a display element and an optical filter. The display device may include the optical filter described above as an optical filter.

The display device may include, for example, a sequentially arranged light source, a display element, and an optical filter. Accordingly, the light emitted from the light source enters the display element first, enters the optical filter via the display element, and can be emitted via the optical filter. For example, the observer wears polarizing glasses for observing the stereoscopic image, and can observe the light emitted from the optical filter. Specific types of display elements and light sources used in the display device are not particularly limited, and any known component used for manufacturing a stereoscopic image display device, for example, a stereoscopic image display device using polarizing glasses may be used .

In the display device, for example, the light source can emit light in the non-polarized state toward the display element in the driven state. The driving state of the term display device may refer to a state in which the display device is in operation and a state in which an image, for example, a stereoscopic image is displayed.

A polarizing plate may be disposed on both sides of the display element. In this specification, a polarizing plate disposed between a display element and a light source is referred to as a first polarizing plate, and a polarizing plate disposed between a display element and an optical filter can be referred to as a second polarizing plate. Accordingly, the light emitted from the light source can first enter the first polarizing plate, then enter the display element through the first polarizing plate, and the light emitted from the display element can enter the optical filter again through the second polarizing plate. The first and second polarizing plates may have, for example, a transmission axis and an absorption axis orthogonal to the transmission axis, respectively. Further, the transmission axes of the first and second polarizing plates may be arranged in different directions, for example, in directions perpendicular to each other, in the display device.

The display element may be, for example, a transmissive liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal layer present between two substrates. The liquid crystal panel may include, for example, a first substrate, a liquid crystal layer, and a second substrate sequentially arranged from the light source side. An alignment layer for aligning the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer may be formed between the liquid crystal layer and the first and / or second substrate. The first substrate and / or the second substrate may be provided with pixel electrodes and / Or a common electrode may be formed. As the liquid crystal panel, a liquid crystal panel of VA (Vertical Alignment), TN (Twisted Nematic), STN (Super Twisted Nematic) or IPS (In FLane Switching) mode can be used.

(Hereinafter referred to as a UR region) and a left eye signal (hereinafter, referred to as an L signal) capable of generating a right eye signal (hereinafter, referred to as an R signal) in a driving state (Hereinafter, referred to as a UL region) may be formed in the left eye. When the display element is the liquid crystal panel described above, the UR and UL regions may be formed by one or more unit pixels of the liquid crystal panel. For example, light linearly polarized through the above-mentioned first polarizing plate is incident on the liquid crystal panel, and the light transmitted through the UR region after being incident is emitted as an R signal, and the light transmitted through the UL region is emitted as an L signal .

The patterns of the UR and UL regions in the display element can be controlled according to the pattern shape of the optical filter. For example, one of the first and second regions of the optical filter is a region for adjusting the polarization state of the R signal, and the other region is a region for adjusting the polarization state of the L signal, Lt; / RTI > In this case, the UR region is arranged so that a signal emitted from the region can be incident on any one of the first and second regions, and the UL region is a region in which a signal emitted from the region is incident on the first and second regions The light can be incident on one of the other areas. That is, for example, the UR and UL regions may be formed in a stripe shape extending in a common direction in accordance with the arrangement of the first and second regions of the optical filter, or may be formed in a regular lattice shape, a shifted lattice shape, Can be arranged alternately adjacent to each other in a shape.

The light transmitted through the UR and UL regions of the display element can be incident on the first and second regions of the optical filter after passing through the second polarizing plate, for example. The incident light can be divided into two or more lights having different polarization states by the optical filter, for example, circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light whose direction of rotation is opposite to each other.

In the optical filter, for example, an R signal emitted from a display element and passed through a second polarizer is incident on any one of the first and second regions, and is emitted from the display element to another region of the first and second regions And the L signal passing through the second polarizing plate may be incident thereon. The region where the R signal is incident is called a right eye signal polarization control region (hereinafter, referred to as FR region), and the region where the L signal is incident is called a left eye signal polarization control region .

For example, the observer can perceive the stereoscopic image by observing the R and L signals respectively emitted from the FR and FL regions through the polarizing glasses.

In the optical filter of the present application, a trench layer including projections and depressions can be formed on the base layer by convex portions to easily form a uniform micropattern light transmittance adjustment region.

Figure 1 is a side view of an exemplary trench layer.
2 is a view showing an exemplary form of a trench layer.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an exemplary optical filter. Fig.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an exemplary optical filter. Fig.
Fig. 5 is a view showing the shape of an exemplary master mold.
6 is a view showing the shape of an exemplary film mold.
7 is a view showing an exemplary manufacturing process of an optical filter.
8 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary trench layer.
9 is a view showing a light transmittance adjusting region (stripe shape) formed in a concave portion of an exemplary trench layer.
Fig. 10 is a diagram for explaining the calculation method of straightness. Fig.

Hereinafter, the curable composition will be described in more detail by way of examples and comparative examples, but the scope of the curable composition is not limited by the following examples.

Example  One.

The optical filter was manufactured in the following manner. First, an acrylic-urethane-based ultraviolet-curable resin composition is applied on a TAC (triacetyl cellulose) film as a substrate to a thickness of about 1 to 10 mu m, and a depth of about 1 mu m through a master molding process as shown in Fig. And recesses having a width of about 100 were formed at intervals of about 540 탆 to prepare a trench layer. Subsequently, a carbon black ink was injected into the concave portion of the formed trench layer using an ink jet apparatus. The carbon black ink is an ink made to exhibit a light blocking rate of about 90% at a thickness of 1 mu m.

Then, the photo-alignment film was formed on the trench layer in which the carbon black ink was injected into the recess. The photo alignment layer was formed on the top of the trench layer with a photoinitiating layer of a polycinnamate type so that the dry thickness was about 1,000 angstroms. The photo alignment layer was formed by coating the photo alignment layer forming solution on the trench layer by a roll coating method and drying at 80 DEG C for 2 minutes to remove the solvent. At this time, as the solution, a mixture of polynorbornene (weight average molecular weight (Mw) = 150,000) having a cinnamate group represented by the following formula 1 and an acrylic monomer was mixed with a photoinitiator (Igacure 907), polynorbornene (Polynorbornene: acrylic monomer: photoinitiator = 2: 1: 0.25 (weight ratio)) so as to have a solid content concentration of 2% by weight.

[Chemical Formula 1]

Thereafter, the photo alignment layer was exposed in the manner described in Korean Patent No. 1035276 to form a patterned photo alignment layer. In this process, the concave portion filled with the carbon black ink of the trench layer was aligned at the boundary between the first and second alignment regions formed in a stripe shape. Then, a phase retardation layer having a? / 4 wavelength characteristic was formed on the photo alignment layer. Specifically, a liquid crystal compound (LC242 ™, manufactured by BASF) was coated on the photo alignment film so as to have a dry thickness of about 1 μm and aligned in accordance with the orientation of the lower photo alignment film. Ultraviolet rays (300 mW / cm ² ) Was irradiated for about 10 seconds to cross-link and polymerize the liquid crystal to prepare an optical filter including a region in which the direction of the slow axis was different according to the orientation of the lower photo alignment layer.

Comparative Example  One.

A photo-alignment film and a phase retardation layer were sequentially formed on a TAC film as a substrate in the same manner as in Example 1, without forming a trench layer. Thereafter, the same carbon black ink as in Example 1 was printed by an ink jet method on the boundaries of the regions where the directions of the slow axis of the phase delay layer were different from each other. At this time. The printed layer of the carbon black ink was printed so as to have the same width as the concave portion of the trench layer of Example 1, and the thickness of the printed layer was made equal to the depth of the concave portion.

Experimental Example  One. Straight  evaluation

The straightness of the light blocking layer (the carbon black ink filled in the recess in the case of Example 1, and the carbon black ink layer printed on the top of the retardation layer in the case of Comparative Example 1) was evaluated in the following manner. As shown in Fig. 10, the straight line is a deviation of the stripe-like printed light-blocking layer from the extending direction of the stripe shape. As shown in Fig. 10, the light blocking layer a on the TAC film 101 And the length denoted by c can be measured and calculated according to Equation 1 below. The higher the straightness is, the higher the degree of deviation is, and therefore, the desired type of light blocking layer is not formed. Straightness was measured for 30 light blocking layers of the same manufactured optical filter, and the results were averaged.

[Equation 1]

Straightness = {(a + b) / 2} - c

Experimental Example 2. Light-blocking rate  evaluation

The light blocking rate was determined by the average transmittance of the black stripe formed on the FPR, and the light blocking rate was measured by a conventional method. For example, when a pattern having a thickness of 1 탆 is formed using an inkjet, the thickness of the center portion is 1 탆, but the thickness tends to become thinner toward the side, and the average thickness shows the same level as about 0.7 탆, Since the structure in which the trench is formed fills the trench with the black ink, the average thickness is maintained at 1 μm and the average transmittance is high.

Straightness (unit: 탆) Light blocking rate (unit:%) Example 1 5 90 Comparative Example 1 20 75

From the results of Table 1, it can be seen that a light blocking film having a position accuracy remarkably superior to that of the conventional system can be formed according to the method of the present application from the contrast of the straightness.

In addition, the light-blocking rate of the light-blocking film thus formed was superior to that of Example 1, although the light-blocking layer of Example 1 and the light-blocking layer of Comparative Example 1 were made to have the same thickness and width.

In the case of Comparative Example 1, even when printing is performed with the same thickness and width, the center portion of the light shielding film has a thickness as originally intended, It is presumed that the thickness of the light blocking film becomes thinner toward the both sides. On the contrary, in the case of Example 1, it is presumed that the desired thickness is uniformly maintained over the entire light-shielding film, thereby exhibiting an excellent light-blocking rate as compared with Comparative Example 1. [ This result can be similarly applied even when other materials such as a light reflecting material are applied to the concave portion of the trench layer rather than the light blocking material.

A, B: first and second regions
1, 100: substrate layer
2, 200: trench layer
3:
4: light transmittance control region
5: orientation layer
6: liquid crystal layer
10, 20: Optical filter
50: Coating apparatus for photocurable resin composition
60, 70: Roll
300: mold

Claims (20)

A base layer;
A trench layer formed on the base layer, the trench layer including a convex portion and a concave portion; And
The light transmittance adjusting material formed in the concave portion of the trench layer
≪ / RTI >
The optical filter according to claim 1, wherein the base layer is a glass base layer or a plastic base layer.
The optical filter according to claim 1, wherein the trench layer is a cured resin layer of the photocurable resin composition.
The method according to claim 1,
And the pitch of the convex portions is 10 占 퐉 to 1000 占 퐉.
The method according to claim 1,
And the width of the convex portion is 1 占 퐉 to 500 占 퐉.
The optical filter according to claim 1, wherein the convex portions of the trench layer are formed while having a stripe shape extending parallel to each other.
The optical filter according to claim 1, wherein the light transmittance controlling material comprises a light-shielding ink, a light absorbing ink or a reflective material.
The optical filter according to claim 1, wherein a layer of a reflective material is formed on the lower end of the concave portion, and a layer of the light transmittance controlling material is further provided on the layer.
The optical filter of claim 1, further comprising an orientation layer formed on the trench layer.
The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid crystal layer formed on the trench layer and having first and second regions arranged adjacent to each other so that incident light can be divided into two or more lights having different polarization states and emitted therefrom Optical filter.
10. The optical filter according to claim 9, wherein the first and second regions are phase delay regions having optical axes respectively formed in mutually different directions.
The optical filter according to claim 9, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises a polyfunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound and a monofunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound.
The optical filter according to claim 1, wherein the light transmittance adjusting material has a light transmittance of 0% to 20%.
And filling the concave portion of the trench layer formed on the base layer with the convex portion and the concave portion with the light transmittance adjusting material.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the trench layer is formed from a master mold.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the trench layer is formed by a roll-to-roll process.
15. The method of manufacturing an optical filter according to claim 14, wherein the light transmittance controlling material is formed by applying a light diffusing or light absorbing ink.
14. The method of manufacturing an optical filter according to claim 13, further comprising the step of forming an alignment layer on the trench layer and the light transmittance controlling region.
19. The manufacturing method of an optical filter according to claim 18, further comprising the step of forming, on the alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer including first and second regions which are different from each other in phase retardation property and are disposed adjacent to each other.
A stereoscopic image display device comprising the optical filter of claim 1.

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