KR20160061003A - Extruder for 3-dimentional printer having anti-adhesion function - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a 3D printer extruder having an anti-adhesion function. The 3D printer extruder regularly supplies and sprays a filament, and a loss of heat is minimized when the supplied filament is heated. The inside of a nozzle is prevented from being stopped, so lifespan of the nozzle is increased. At the same time, maintenance may be easily performed. The 3D printer extruder having an anti-adhesion function according to the present invention comprises: a material supply unit for supplying a filament; a heater unit for heating and dissolving the filament supplied from the material supply unit; and a nozzle for spraying the dissolved filament. An anti-adhesion member having high heat resistance and non-adhesive properties is coated on an inner circumferential surface of the nozzle so as to prevent a foreign material and the dissolved filament from being attached thereto.

Description

Extruder for 3-dimentional printer having anti-adhesion function "

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an extruder for a 3D printer having an anti-sticking function, and more particularly, to a 3D printer having an anti-sticking function capable of minimizing heat loss during heating of a filament, Lt; / RTI > extruder.

A 3D printer is a device for printing a three-dimensional solid object by outputting and laminating a specific material like a two-dimensional printer, and is very easy to produce a three-dimensional object having a complicated shape compared to a method of making a grain, CNC milling,

These 3D printers are actively used in various fields such as medicine, industry, and life because they can easily process objects to be produced based on digitalized drawing information.

3D printers are classified according to the product molding method, but the extrusion lamination method is most popularly used.

The extrusion lamination method is a method in which a filament as a thermoplastic resin is used to further laminate from the bottom, which is advantageous in cost compared with other 3D printers.

The 3D printer of the extrusion lamination type uses the extruder (registration number 10-1441030) of the 3D printer, which relates to the related art, Have already been filed and registered.

However, in the conventional "extruder of 3D printer ", filaments and foreign substances in a molten state are adhered to the inner wall of the nozzle so that the nozzles are frequently clogged and the heat generated during operation of the heating element for melting the filament There is a problem that it is difficult to precisely control the melting state of the filament.

Korean Patent No. 10-1441030 (Apr.

An embodiment of the present invention is an adhesive bonding method for supplying and spraying filaments uniformly, minimizing heat loss upon heating of supplied filaments, preventing clogging of the nozzles, increasing the life of the nozzles and facilitating maintenance The present invention provides an extruder for a 3D printer having a function of preventing a defective product.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided an extruder for a 3D printer having an anti-sticking function, comprising a material supply part for supplying a filament, a heater part for heating and melting the filament supplied from the material supply part, And a nozzle for spraying the filaments, wherein the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle is coated with an anti-adhesion member having high heat resistance and non-sticking property so as to prevent foreign matter and molten filaments from adhering to the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle.

And a material guiding member having high heat resistance and non-sticking property and communicating with the material supply portion and the heater portion and moving the filament.

And at least a part of one end of the material guide member is inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle.

And the nozzle is inserted into the heater portion.

And a heat insulating member having high heat resistance and high heat insulating property and isolating the heater portion from the outside.

Wherein the heat insulating member includes a first heat insulating member into which the heater unit is inserted and a second heat insulating member coupled with the first heat insulating member to isolate the heater unit, And a part of the end of the nozzle passes through the second heat insulating member and is exposed to the outside.

And the first heat insulating member is a polyether ether ketone material.

And at least one of the adhesion preventing member and the second heat insulating member is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

The material guide member is characterized by being made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

Wherein the material supply unit supplies at least one filament and supplies the filaments independently when the plurality of filaments are provided, and the nozzles are provided at least one to spray respective melted filaments, And at least one heating element capable of heating at least one heating element.

The present invention has the following various effects.

First, the present invention prevents the nozzle from being clogged by filaments and foreign matter by coating the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle with the anti-adhesion member having high heat resistance and non-stickiness.

Second, the present invention has a high heat-resistant and non-sticky material guiding member that communicates with a material supplying portion and a nozzle, thereby preventing a specific portion from being clogged by the filament.

Thirdly, the present invention minimizes the heat loss of the heater unit, thereby keeping the heating state of the filament constant and saving energy.

Fourthly, the present invention can supply one or more filaments independently, and it is easy to supply and spray filaments having different melting points by independently controlling the temperature by providing at least one heating element.

1 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of an extruder for a 3D printer having an anti-sticking function according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view taken along line AA 'of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.
3 is a view showing a decomposition state of an extruder for a 3D printer having an anti-sticking function according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 (a) is a bottom view of the nozzle according to the present invention, FIG. 4 (b) is a perspective view showing a state in which the nozzle and the material guide member are engaged with each other, and FIG.
5 is a perspective view showing a heat insulating member and a heater unit according to the present invention.
6 is a perspective view showing a bottom surface and a side surface of the first heat insulating member according to the present invention.
7 is a perspective view illustrating a body according to the present invention.
8 is a perspective view showing a press block according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the same reference numerals are given to the background art and the constituent elements of the constitution which have already been described.

The description of the extruder for 3D printer having the anti-sticking function of the present invention described below is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments but can be implemented in various forms.

In addition, the shape, size, and the like of each constitution described below are representative examples and are not fixed, and can be variously changed if the same effect can be realized.

1 to 3, an extruder 1 for a 3D printer having an anti-sticking function according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a material supply unit 100, a heater unit 200, and a nozzle 400, .

The material supply unit 100 is for supplying the solid state filament F to the heater unit 200 to be described later, and will be specifically described at the lower end to help understand the explanation.

The heater unit 200 heats and melts the filament F supplied from the material supplying unit 100. The heater unit 200 includes a separate heating element 210 for heating the filament F at a high temperature of about 260 ° C or higher, And the number of the heating elements 210 and the control method may be changed according to the method of the material supply part 100. [

That is, in the multi-feed type material supply unit 100 for supplying the plurality of filaments F independently, at least one heating element 210 capable of temperature control can be provided in the heater unit 200, F may be different depending on the heating temperature.

At this time, however, it is preferable that a plurality of the nozzles 400 and the material guide member 500, which will be described later, are also provided so that the respective filaments F are mixed or not solidified on the inner wall.

4, the nozzle 400 is a part where the melted filament F is injected to the outside while passing through the heater part 200, A hole 420 is formed.

The injection holes 420 pass through not only the molten filaments F but also the foreign materials introduced together with the filaments F and rapidly solidify when the heater unit 200 stops operating to adhere to the inner circumferential surface of the injection holes 420 do.

When the filaments F, foreign matter, etc. are solidified and adhered to the inner circumferential surface of the injection hole 420, the nozzle 400 is clogged and it is impossible to inject the filament F through the nozzle 400, I can not.

It is preferable to coat the adhesion preventive member 410 having a non-stick property along the inner circumferential surface of the injection hole 420 formed in the nozzle 400 to prevent adhesion of the filament F and foreign matter.

Since the filament F in the melted state has a temperature of about 200 ° C to 260 ° C, the adhesion preventive member 410 coated on the inner circumferential surface of the injection hole 420 must also have high heat resistance, And the coated state can be stably maintained.

In one embodiment of the present invention, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is used as a material having high heat resistance and non-tackiness.

Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene is excellent in heat resistance, nonflammability, and chemical resistance, and can maintain a stable state even in a high temperature generated in the heater unit 200 because its characteristics do not change even at a temperature of about 325 DEG C, It has excellent thermal insulation because it has a very low thermal conductivity of W / mK.

Further, since the non-adhesive property is excellent, it is possible to effectively prevent the filaments F and the foreign matter from adhering along the inner circumferential surface of the injection hole 420, thereby remarkably improving the life of the nozzle 400.

In addition, since the wear factor is small and non-toxic, the coating remains stable even when the filament (F) is repetitively sprayed.

The temperature of the filament F melted in the heater unit 200 starts to decrease again after passing through the heater unit 200, and when the temperature falls below a certain temperature, solidification starts. Therefore, it is preferable that the nozzle 400 is detachably inserted into the heater unit 200 so that the melted filament F can be maintained in a molten state until the nozzle 400 is sprayed to the outside.

That is, the nozzle 400 through which the molten filament F is injected is placed in the heater unit 200 so that the nozzle 400 can be injected together with the melt.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a screw thread is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle 400, and a corresponding thread is formed along the inner circumferential surface of the heater unit 200 into which the nozzle 400 is inserted.

A material guide member 500 (see FIG. 1) provided to communicate the material supplying unit 100 and the heater unit 200 to guide the solid state filament F supplied from the material supplying unit 100 to the heater unit 200 ). ≪ / RTI >

The filaments F transferred from the material supply unit 100 to the heater unit 200 through the material guide member 500 are melted by the high temperature and then solidified while the heater unit 200 stops operating, And the foreign matter introduced together with the filament F is also gradually accumulated along the inner wall of the material guide member 500. [

Therefore, the material guide member 500 is preferably made of a material having high heat resistance and non-sticking property so as to maintain a stable state from the high temperature generated in the heater unit 200 and to prevent the filaments F and foreign matter from adhering to the inner wall Do.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the polytetrafluoroethylene is formed into a tube having a hollow shape and is applied to the material guide member 500. The specific material of the polytetrafluoroethylene (polytetrafluoroethylene) The description is as described above.

The filament F transferred to the heater unit 200 through the material guide member 500 is melted and the molten filament F is injected to the outside through the nozzle 400 described above. When the molten filament F is drawn out of the material guide member 500, it is exposed to the space inside the heater unit 200 or between the heater unit 200 and the nozzle 400 to be solidified and attached along the inner wall have.

Therefore, it is preferable that at least a part of one end of the material guide member 500 is inserted into the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle 400 so that the molten filament F can be stably transported to the nozzle 400.

The material guide member 500 preferably has an inner diameter corresponding to the diameter of the filament F so that the filament F can be fed and the diameter of the injection hole 420 through which the filament F in the molten state is injected is It is preferable to have a very small diameter in order to obtain a precise printing result.

That is, the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle 400 is preferably divided into an injection hole 420 through which the filament F in a molten state is injected and an insertion hole 430 through which the material guide member 500 is inserted. The adhesion preventive member 410 may be coated from the portion where the injection hole 420 and the material guide member 500 are in contact to the end of the injection hole 420.

On the other hand, if the heater unit 200 is exposed to the air, the heat generated by the heat generating unit 210 is dissipated into the air to increase the heat loss, so that it is difficult to keep the temperature of the heater unit 200 constant.

When the heater unit 200 is exposed to the air, energy is wasted and the filament F can not be uniformly melted.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat insulating member 300 having high heat resistance and high heat insulating property is used to isolate the heater unit 200 from the outside, and the heat generated in the heat emitting body 210 is dissipated to the outside .

The heat insulating member 300 includes a first heat insulating member 310 and a second heat insulating member 310. The first heat insulating member 310 is coupled to the heat insulating member 310 by a fastening member B, And a second insulating member 320 for isolating the second insulating member.

At this time, as described above, it is preferable that the nozzle 400 is inserted into the heater unit 200, and a part of the end of the nozzle 400 is blown out to the outside so that the melted filament F can be ejected to the outside. It is preferable to penetrate the member 320 and be exposed to the outside.

The heater unit 200 is inserted into the first heat insulating member 310 and fixed by the fastening member B. The first heat insulating member 310 prevents the heat of the heat emitting body 210 from being dissipated to the outside At the same time, to withstand the high heat generated in the heating element 210. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the space in which the material guide member 500 is to be inserted and the space in which the heater unit 200 is to be inserted must be precisely formed.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first heat insulating member 310 is manufactured by using a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) material.

The polyether ether ketone has a very low thermal conductivity of about 0.25 W / m.K. Since the melting point is about 343 DEG C, the polyether ether ketone maintains a stable state even in the high temperature generated in the heating element 210. [

In addition, since the material has a high strength and maintains a rigid state in a solid state having a predetermined size, it is very easy to form a space in which the material guide member 500 and the heater unit 200 are inserted.

In the case of the polytetrafluoroethylene as described above, since the material has a flimsy characteristic in a solid state having a predetermined size, the space in which the material guide member 500 and the heater unit 200 are inserted can be precisely formed It is difficult to apply the first insulating member 310 to the first insulating member 310 because the shape of the first insulating member 310 is easily changed by the external force even after the material guide member 500 and the heater unit 200 are inserted (Polyether ether ketone).

Meanwhile, the second heat insulating member 320 coupled with the first heat insulating member 310 should be stable when exposed to the high heat generated from the heat generating body 210, and should be excellent in heat insulating effect.

In addition, the molten filament F injected through the injection hole 420 of the nozzle 400 may come into contact with the second heat insulating member 320 due to vibration and motion generated during 3D printing. The contacted filaments F are solidified and adhere to the second heat insulating member 320, making it difficult to remove.

Therefore, it is preferable that the second heat insulating member 320 has not only high heat resistance and high heat insulation but also non-tackiness. In the embodiment of the present invention, the second heat insulating member 320 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene 320).

Since the second heat insulating member 320 does not require precise machining different from the first heat insulating member 310, it does not need to have a high strength and satisfies such a characteristic in the case of polytetrafluoroethylene .

The material supply unit 100 supplies the filament F as a thermoplastic resin to the heater unit 200 so that two filaments F can be supplied in the embodiment of the present invention. The heater 300, the heater unit 200, the nozzle 400, and the material guide member 500 are also constructed and described as corresponding to the above.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, a material supply unit 100 that can always maintain a constant force to transfer the filament F during forced transfer of the filament F, rather than a general material supply unit 100, is applied.

The material supply unit 100 includes a pair of power generators 110 for generating rotational power, a body 120 for supporting and supporting one side of the pair of power generators 110, A pair of guide tubes 130 for guiding the filaments F into the body 120 and a gear drive for forcibly feeding the filaments F passing through the inside of the body 120 in cooperation with the power generator 110. [ (140), and elastic pressing means (150) for increasing the frictional force between the filament (F) and the gear drive (140).

The pair of the power generators 110 is located on the upper portion of the extruder 1 and receives power from the outside to generate rotational power and rotates the gear drive 140 using the generated rotational power.

The front portion of the pair of power generators 110 is fixedly coupled to the body 120 and the gear drive 140 is coupled to the power shaft 111 of each of the power generators 110.

7, a first hollow 121 passing through the front and rear surfaces is formed in the center of the body 120, and both sides of the body 120 are communicated with the first hollow 121 at the center, A second hollow 122 into which a part of the rotating body 170 is inserted is formed.

A guide pipe 130 made of polytetrafluoroethylene is provided on both sides of the upper part of the body 120 to allow the filament F to move. A guide groove 123 having a predetermined length is formed so that the filament F transferred through the guide pipe 130 of the heater 200 can be moved toward the heater unit 200.

The guide grooves 123 formed on both sides of the body 120 communicate with the pair of material guide members 500 and a pair of gear drives 140 are disposed in the first hollow 121 formed at the center portion .

Protrusions are formed on the outer surface of the gear drive 140 to improve the frictional force with the filaments F and forcefully transferred to the gear drive 140. Elastic pressing means 150 is coupled to both sides of the body 120. [

The elastic pressing means 150 includes a pressing block 160, a rotating body 170, a rotating shaft 180, an elastic member 190, and a release preventing member 191.

The pressing block 160 is coupled to both sides of the body 120 on which the guide groove 123 is formed through the fastening member B and is inserted into the central portion of the pressing block 160, And a rotatable body 170 rotates freely with respect to a rotation center parallel to the gear drive 140 is inserted.

A fourth hollow 162 communicating with the third hollow 161 having a predetermined length and width and having a central portion is formed on the front surface and the rear surface of the pressing block 160, (180) is inserted.

A pair of fifth hollows 163 communicating with a pair of fourth hollows 162 are formed on one side of the pressing block 160. Each fifth hollow 163 has an elastic member 190 .

With this configuration, the pair of elastic members 190 elastically press both ends of the rotary shaft 180 to move the rotary shaft 180 in the fourth hollow 162 in the direction of the gear drive 140, and the rotary body 170 Is constantly urged in the direction of the gear drive 140 by the elastic member 190.

That is, even if the surface of the rotating body 170 which is in contact with the filament F is worn, the filament F can be always fed with a constant force since it is pressed toward the gear drive 140 by the elastic member 190 .

A release preventing member 191 for restricting the movement of the elastic member 190 is inserted into the fifth hollow 163 described above and these elastic pressing means 150 are respectively coupled to both sides of the body 120, do.

1: Extruder 100: Material supply part
200: heater part 300: heat insulating member
400: nozzle 410: adhesion preventing member
500: material guide member

Claims (10)

A material supply unit for supplying filaments;
A heater unit for heating and melting the filament supplied from the material supply unit; And
And a nozzle for spraying the molten filament,
Characterized in that an anti-adhesion member having high heat resistance and non-stickiness is coated on the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle so as to prevent foreign matter and molten filaments from adhering to the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle.
The method according to claim 1,
An extruder for a 3D printer having an anti-sticking function, comprising a material guide member having a high heat resistance and a non-stick property and communicating with the material supply unit and the heater unit and moving the filament.
3. The method of claim 2,
Characterized in that at least a part of one end of the material guide member is inserted into the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the nozzle is inserted into the heater unit. 3. An extruder for a 3D printer having an anti-sticking function.
The method according to claim 1,
And a heat insulating member having high heat resistance and high heat insulating property and isolating the heater portion from the outside.
6. The method of claim 5,
The heat insulating member
A first heat insulating member into which the heater unit is inserted; And
And a second heat insulating member coupled with the first heat insulating member to isolate the heater unit,
Wherein the nozzle is inserted into the heater portion and a part of the end portion of the nozzle passes through the second heat insulating member and is exposed to the outside.
The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the first heat insulating member is made of polyether ether ketone. 2. The extruder for 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the first heat insulating member is made of polyether ether ketone.
The method according to claim 6,
Wherein at least one of the adhesion preventing member and the second heat insulating member is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the material guide member is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. 3. The extruder for a 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material guide member is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the material supply unit supplies at least one filament and supplies the filaments independently when the plurality of filaments are provided, the nozzles being provided at least one or more nozzles to jet each melted filament,
Wherein the heater unit is provided with at least one heating element capable of independently controlling the temperature.

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