KR20160060429A - Apparatus for pitch controlling of the wind turbine and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pitch control apparatus of a wind turbine and a method thereof, which estimate a gust based on wind information of an adjacent wind turbine in a wind plant and previously control a pitch when the gust is estimated, thereby assuring stability of the wind turbine. The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling a pitch in each wind turbine in a wind plant formed by grouping a plurality of wind turbines, wherein each of the wind turbines implements the pitch control apparatus of the wind turbine comprising: a communications unit receiving the wind information from other wind turbine through communications; a wind speed data extraction unit extracting wind speed data from the received wind information; a gust arrival time estimation unit estimating gust arrival time based on the extracted wind speed data and information on a distance from the wind turbine which has transmitted the wind information prestored in a memory; and a pitch control unit controlling a pitch of a rotor according to the gust arrival time estimated by the gust arrival time estimation unit.

Description

[0001] APPARATUS FOR PITCH CONTROL OF WIND POWER GENERATOR AND METHOD THEREOF [0002]

The present invention relates to a pitch control of a wind turbine generator, and more particularly, to a wind turbine generator that estimates a wind turbine based on wind information of another wind turbine generator in a wind turbine, And to a method of controlling the pitch of a wind turbine generator.

A wind turbine is a device that converts wind energy into mechanical energy using various types of windmills and drives the generator with the mechanical energy to obtain electric power. The wind turbine is mainly composed of a rotor, a nacelle and a tower, .

The rotor is a wing that rotates by the wind. The nacelle converts the rotational kinetic energy obtained by the rotation of the rotor into electric energy. It is used for various parts such as a gearbox, a generator, a controller, And the tower is installed on the ground to support the rotor and the nacelle.

This wind power generator is a pollution-free power generation method that does not cause problems such as heat pollution, air pollution, and radiation leakage due to heat generation unlike a conventional power generation method using fossil fuel or uranium since wind power is an infinite clean energy.

The dynamic control of such a wind turbine is generally performed by taking the rotational speed and the output of the generator into consideration. Since it is a dynamic control system that considers the number of revolutions and the output of the generator, instantaneous gusts (rapid change in wind speed) can not be predicted.

On the other hand, a conventional technique for variable power generation in a wind power generator is disclosed in the following Patent Document 1: Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2010-0069045 (published on June 24, 2010).

The prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of power transmission units for independently transmitting the rotational force of the main shaft to each of the plurality of generators in a wind turbine generator composed of a windmill, a main shaft and a generator. In response to the change in the rotational speed, the generator generates more than one variable. Since the power generation amount can be variably controlled according to the change of the wind speed, the energy of the wind can be utilized to the maximum, so that the power generation efficiency is increased and the rotation speed of the main shaft is controlled according to the wind speed. Prevent damage to the unit.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0069045 (published on June 24, 2010)

However, since the conventional wind turbine generator and the conventional turbine generator are dynamically controlled in consideration of the number of revolutions and the output of the generator, there is a disadvantage in that it can not cope with instantaneous gusts (rapid change in wind speed) And the mechanical and electrical safety of the turbine can not be assured as a result.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a general wind turbine generator and a wind turbine generator which are capable of predicting a wind turbine based on wind information of another wind turbine in a wind turbine, And to provide a pitch control apparatus and method for a wind turbine generator that can secure the safety of the wind turbine generator by controlling the pitch.

In order to achieve the above object, a pitch control apparatus for a wind turbine according to the present invention is an apparatus for controlling a pitch in each wind turbine in a wind turbine group in which a plurality of wind turbines are grouped, A communication unit for receiving wind information from another wind turbine generator through communication; A wind speed data extracting unit for extracting wind speed data from the received wind information; A blast arrival time predicting unit for predicting the blast arrival time on the basis of the extracted wind speed data and the distance information between the wind power generator and the wind power generator that has transmitted the wind information previously stored in the memory; And a pitch control section for controlling the pitch of the rotor in accordance with the blast arrival time predicted by the blast arrival time predicting section.

The wind speed data extracting unit extracts the wind direction and wind speed data included in the received wind information and determines whether the wind power generator transmitting the wind information based on the extracted wind direction information is located at the front end or the rear end.

In the above, the blast arrival time predicting unit predicts the expected blast arrival time by the following expression.

Estimated blast arrival time = D / VW

Where D is the turbine distance information to the wind turbine that transmitted the wind information about the gust, and VW is the wind speed data.

The pitch control unit controls the pitch of the rotor before the estimated arrival time of the blast to reduce the influence of the blast caused by the blast.

The pitch controller of the wind power generator according to the present invention further includes a wind speed / wind direction detecting unit for detecting the wind speed and the wind direction,

The pitch control unit controls the pitch control to restore the pitch control to the previous pitch state if the wind speed detected through the wind speed / direction detecting unit is in a state prior to the blast.

The pitch control unit may perform the pitch control by extending the expected wind reaching time for a certain period of time, if no gust is sensed until the expected gust discharge time is reached after performing the pitch control.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pitch control method for a wind turbine, including: (a) confirming whether wind data is received; (b) extracting wind speed data included in wind data upon receiving wind data; (c) extracting distance information from the wind turbine generator to which the wind data is transmitted; (d) predicting a predicted blast arrival time based on the extracted wind speed data and distance information between the wind turbine generator and the wind turbine generator; (e) controlling the pitch of the rotor in accordance with the predicted expected blast arrival time.

Also, a pitch control method for a wind power generator according to the present invention includes the steps of: (f) detecting a wind speed / direction; (g) estimating a gust based on the detected wind speed, and generating wind information according to the wind speed / wind direction when wind gust is expected, and transmitting wind information to the peripheral wind power generator (turbine).

The step (d) above is characterized by predicting the predicted blast arrival time by the following equation.

Estimated blast arrival time = D / VW

Where D is the turbine distance information to the wind turbine that transmitted the wind information about the gust, and VW is the wind speed data.

In the step (e), the pitch of the rotor is controlled before the anticipated blast reaching time to reduce the influence of the blast due to the blast.

In the step (e), when the wind speed detected through the wind speed / direction detecting unit after the pitch control is in the pre-wind forecasting state, the pitch control is controlled to restore the pitch control to the previous pitch state.

In the step (e), when the blast is not detected until the anticipated blast expected arrival time after performing the pitch control, the anticipated arrival time of the blast is extended for a predetermined time to perform the pitch control.

According to the present invention, there is an advantage in that a wind turbine can be predicted based on wind information of an adjacent wind turbine in a wind turbine, and safety of a wind turbine can be ensured from gust by controlling pitch in advance.

1 is a block diagram of a pitch controller of a wind turbine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
2 is an exemplary diagram for judging that the wind speed rapidly changes in the present invention,
FIG. 3 is an exemplary view for calculating a predicted arrival time of a blast in the present invention,
4 is a timing chart of pitch control in the present invention,
5 is a flow chart illustrating a pitch control method of a wind turbine in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a pitch controller and method of a wind turbine generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a pitch controller of a wind power generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The pitch controller 10 of the wind turbine according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a communication unit 11, a wind speed data extracting unit 12, a memory 13, a blast arrival time predicting unit 14, a pitch control unit 15, And a wind speed / direction detector 16.

A wind turbine generator having such a configuration means a wind turbine generator in a wind turbine group where wind turbine generators are grouped.

The communication unit 11 receives wind information (wind data) from another wind turbine generator through communication or transmits wind information to another wind turbine generator.

The wind speed data extracting unit 12 extracts wind speed data from the received wind information. The wind speed data extracting unit 12 extracts wind direction and wind speed data included in the received wind information and determines whether the wind power generator that transmitted the wind information based on the extracted wind direction information is located at the front end or the rear end Do.

The blast arrival time predicting unit 14 predicts the blast arrival time on the basis of the extracted wind speed data and the distance information between the wind power generator which transmitted the wind information previously stored in the memory 13 and the wind power generator.

The wind speed / direction detecting unit 16 detects the wind speed and the wind direction.

The pitch control unit 15 controls the pitch of the rotor according to the predicted wind arrival time predicted by the wind arrival time predicting unit 14. It is preferable that the pitch control unit 15 controls the pitch of the rotor before the anticipated blast reaching time to reduce the influence of the blast caused by the blast. In addition, the pitch control unit 15 controls the pitch control to restore the pitch control to the previous pitch state if the wind speed detected through the wind speed / direction detecting unit 16 is in the state before the gust prediction, and performs the pitch control If the blast is not detected until the predicted arrival time of the blast wave, the pitch control is performed by extending the blast expected arrival time for a predetermined time.

The pitch controller of the wind turbine according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail.

First, in the wind power generation complex, each of the wind turbines detects the wind speed and the wind direction through the wind speed / direction detector 16. Here, it is preferable to use a normal wind speed sensor and a wind direction sensor to detect the wind speed and the wind direction. The wind direction sensor is mainly used for wind record type automatic record wind speed vane and ultrasonic wind speed vane. When the wind speed sensor is self-heated by flowing a constant current to a bead type thermistor (NTC), its operating temperature takes a value according to the surrounding wind speed. A thermistor type wind speed sensor capable of measuring the wind speed can be used by detecting the resistance change of the NTC according to this temperature with the Wheatstone bridge.

The wind speed and wind direction detection values thus detected are transmitted to the pitch controller 15, and the pitch controller 15 analyzes the wind speed to check whether the wind speed suddenly changes to affect the safety of the wind turbine. 2 is an exemplary diagram for detecting whether the wind speed rapidly changes. When the wind speed changes with time, it is judged that the wind speed rapidly changes like a blast wind when the wind speed becomes higher compared to the previous time in a short time.

If it is determined that the wind speed is rapidly changed, the pitch controller 15 generates wind information for transmitting the wind information to the other wind turbine generator, and transmits the wind information to the peripheral wind turbine generator through the communication unit 11. Here, the wind information may include wind velocity, wind direction data, and own wind turbine generator identification information. Wind turbine identification information can be used as information for extracting distance information of wind power generation period. Here, the other wind turbine generator implements a network capable of transmitting and receiving data through the communication unit 11. The communication unit 11 may include a local network, a digital / analog input / output device, and the like. It is also possible to implement a network by wireless communication as required.

When the wind turbine detects a sudden change in the wind speed, it propagates the wind turbine to other wind turbines around the wind turbine so that the wind turbine can prepare for a situation such as a blast. Generally, a plurality of wind turbines of a wind turbine is not installed at the same position, and a wind turbine located at the rear side of the flow with the wind turbine located at the front side on the wind direction is highly likely to suffer a certain time.

On the other hand, the communication unit 11 receives wind information transmitted from other wind turbines in real time. When wind information transmitted from another wind turbine generator is received, it is transmitted to the wind speed data extractor 12.

Based on the wind direction information included in the received wind information and the wind direction information detected by the wind speed / wind direction detection unit 16, the wind speed data extracting unit 12 extracts the wind direction information Or at the rear end. The actual wind turbine generator is pre-positioned and the distinction of each position can be known through the identification information of the wind turbine generator. However, since the start position of the blast is not predetermined, it is preferable to determine whether the wind turbine that transmitted the wind information based on the wind direction is located at the front side or the rear side based on itself.

If it is determined that the wind turbine generator transmits the wind information, the wind turbine generator extracts the wind speed data included in the wind information when the wind turbine generator is located in front of the wind turbine, (14).

Based on the delivered wind turbine identification information, the blast arrival time predicting unit 14 extracts from the memory 13 distance information between the wind turbine generator and the wind turbine generator that has transmitted the wind information itself, based on the received wind turbine generator identification information, Apply the data to an equation such as the following to predict the expected blast arrival time. 3 is an exemplary diagram for predicting a predicted blast wave arrival time.

Estimated blast arrival time = D / VW

Where D is the turbine distance information to the wind turbine that transmitted the wind information about the gust, and VW is the wind speed data.

The estimated anticipated blast arrival time is transmitted to the pitch control unit 15, and the pitch control unit 15 controls the pitch of the rotor based on the expected anticipated blast arrival time. It is preferable that the pitch control is performed in such a direction as to reduce the load received by the wind by the wind so that the rotor is slightly twisted with respect to the direction in which the wind is blown so that the wind does not hit the rotor in front.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable to control the pitch of the rotor before the expected expected gust arrival time (T _GustStart ) to prepare for the gust of wind. The pitch control time may be determined as a time for automatically returning the pitch to the original state after a time slightly longer than the predetermined estimated blast end time (T _GustEnd ) considering the wind speed information after performing the pitch control.

Alternatively, if the wind velocity detected by the wind speed / wind direction detector 16 after the predicted blast end time after the pitch control is in a pre-wind forecasting state, the pitch control can be controlled to restore the previous pitch state.

In addition, if the blast is not detected until the anticipated blast expected arrival time after performing the pitch control, the anticipated arrival time of the blast can be extended for a predetermined time to perform the pitch control. After the predicted arrival time of the gust of wind is extended for a predetermined time, the two pitch control methods are applied as they are.

As described above, the present invention generates wind information in a wind turbine that senses a gust for the first time and propagates the wind information to other wind turbines in the wind turbine. Other wind turbines predict a predicted blast arrival time and reduce the pitch of the rotor in advance The load exerted by the wind power generator due to the blast can be minimized and the safety of the wind power generator can be improved.

5 is a flowchart showing a pitch control method of a wind power generator according to the present invention, wherein S represents a step.

A pitch control method for a wind turbine according to the present invention includes the steps of: (a) confirming whether wind data is received (S105); (b) extracting wind speed data included in the wind data when receiving wind data (S106); (c) extracting distance information with respect to the wind turbine generator that transmitted the wind data (S107); (d) estimating a predicted blast arrival time based on the extracted wind speed data and distance information between the wind turbine generator and the wind turbine generator (S108); (e) controlling the pitch of the rotor in accordance with the estimated expected wind arrival time (S109); (f) detecting the wind speed / direction (S101); (g) estimating a gust based on the detected wind speed, and generating wind information according to the wind velocity / wind direction when wind gust is expected, and transmitting wind information to the peripheral wind power generator (turbine) (S102 to S104).

Here, the steps S101 to S104 may be located at the front end of the step S105 as shown in FIG.

The pitch control method of the wind turbine according to the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

First, in a wind turbine having a plurality of groups of wind turbine terminals, each wind turbine detects the wind speed and the wind direction through the wind speed / direction detecting unit 16 as in step S101. Here, it is preferable to use a normal wind speed sensor and a wind direction sensor which detect the wind speed and the wind direction.

The wind speed and wind direction detection values thus detected are transmitted to the pitch controller 15, and the pitch controller 15 analyzes the wind speed transmitted in step S102 to confirm whether the wind speed rapidly changes to a level that affects the safety of the wind turbine. 2 is an exemplary diagram for detecting whether the wind speed rapidly changes. When the wind speed changes with time, it is judged that the wind speed rapidly changes like a blast wind when the wind speed becomes higher compared to the previous time in a short time.

If it is determined that the wind speed is suddenly changed, the pitch controller 15 generates wind information to transmit the wind condition to another wind power generator in step S103, and transmits it to the peripheral wind power generator through the communication unit 11 in step S104. Here, the wind information may include wind velocity, wind direction data, and own wind turbine generator identification information. Wind turbine identification information can be used as information for extracting distance information of wind power generation period. Here, the other wind turbine generator implements a network capable of transmitting and receiving data through the communication unit 11. The communication unit 11 may include a local network, a digital / analog input / output device, and the like. It is also possible to implement a network by wireless communication as required.

When the wind turbine detects a sudden change in the wind speed, it propagates the wind turbine to other wind turbines around the wind turbine so that the wind turbine can prepare for a situation such as a blast. Generally, a plurality of wind turbines of a wind turbine is not installed at the same position, and a wind turbine located at the rear side of the flow with the wind turbine located at the front side on the wind direction is highly likely to suffer a certain time.

Next, when the wind information transmitted from the other wind turbines is received in real time in step S105, the wind speed data extracting unit 12 extracts the wind direction information included in the received wind information and the wind speed / direction detected by the wind speed / Based on the information, confirm that the wind turbine that transmitted the wind information is located at the front or rear end of the wind turbine, based on its position. The actual wind turbine generator is pre-positioned and the distinction of each position can be known through the identification information of the wind turbine generator. However, since the start position of the blast is not predetermined, it is preferable to determine whether the wind turbine that transmitted the wind information based on the wind direction is located at the front side or the rear side based on itself.

If it is determined that the wind turbine generator having transmitted the wind information is a wind turbine located in front of the wind turbine, the wind speed data included in the wind information is extracted in step S106.

Next, in step S107, the blast arrival time predicting unit 14 extracts from the memory 13 the distance information of the wind turbine generator that has transmitted wind information with itself based on the wind turbine generator identification information, And the wind speed data received is applied to the following equation to predict the estimated wind speed. 3 is an exemplary diagram for predicting a predicted blast wave arrival time.

Estimated blast arrival time = D / VW

Where D is the turbine distance information to the wind turbine that transmitted the wind information about the gust, and VW is the wind speed data.

In step S109, the pitch controller 15 controls the pitch of the rotor in accordance with the predicted expected blast arrival time. It is preferable that the pitch control is performed in such a direction as to reduce the load received by the wind by the wind so that the rotor is slightly twisted with respect to the direction in which the wind is blown so that the wind does not hit the rotor in front.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable to control the pitch of the rotor before the expected expected gust arrival time (T _GustStart ) to prepare for the gust of wind. The pitch control time may be determined as a time for automatically returning the pitch to the original state after a time slightly longer than the predetermined estimated blast end time (T _GustEnd ) considering the wind speed information after performing the pitch control.

Alternatively, if the wind velocity detected by the wind speed / wind direction detector 16 after the predicted blast end time after the pitch control is in a pre-wind forecast mode, the pitch control can be controlled to restore the previous pitch state.

In addition, if the blast is not detected until the anticipated blast expected arrival time after performing the pitch control, the anticipated arrival time of the blast can be extended for a predetermined time to perform the pitch control. After the predicted arrival time of the gust of wind is extended for a predetermined time, the two pitch control methods are applied as they are.

As described above, the present invention generates wind information in a wind turbine that senses a gust for the first time and propagates the wind information to other wind turbines in the wind turbine. Other wind turbines predict a predicted blast arrival time, The load exerted by the wind power generator due to the blast can be minimized and the safety of the wind power generator can be improved.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

The present invention is applied to a technique for effectively controlling the pitch of a wind turbine according to wind speed in a wind turbine.

10: Wind generator
11:
12: wind velocity data extracting unit
13: Memory
14: Storm arrival time predicting unit
15:
16: wind velocity /

Claims (12)

An apparatus for controlling pitch in each wind power generator in a wind farm comprising a plurality of wind power generators,
Each of the wind turbines includes: a communication unit for receiving wind information from another wind turbine via communication;
A wind speed data extracting unit for extracting wind speed data from the received wind information;
A blast arrival time predicting unit for predicting the blast arrival time on the basis of the extracted wind speed data and the distance information between the wind power generator and the wind power generator that has transmitted the wind information previously stored in the memory;
And a pitch control section for controlling the pitch of the rotor in accordance with the estimated wind arrival time predicted by the wind arrival time predicting section.
The wind speed data extracting unit according to claim 1, wherein the wind speed data extracting unit extracts wind direction and wind speed data included in the received wind information, and determines whether the wind power generator transmitting the wind information based on the extracted wind direction information is located at the front end or the rear end The pitch control device of the wind power generator.
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predicted wind arrival time predicting unit predicts a predicted wind arrival time by the following equation.
<Formula>
Estimated blast arrival time = D / VW
Where D is the turbine distance information to the wind turbine that transmitted the wind information about the gust, and VW is the wind speed data.
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pitch control unit controls the pitch of the rotor before the predicted blast arrival time to reduce the influence of the blast due to the blast.
The wind power generator according to claim 1, further comprising a wind speed / wind direction detecting section for detecting a wind speed and a wind direction,
Wherein the pitch control unit controls the pitch control to restore the pitch control to the previous pitch state if the wind speed detected through the wind speed / direction detecting unit is in a state prior to the blast.
2. The wind power generator as set forth in claim 1, wherein the pitch control unit performs pitch control by extending the estimated wind reaching time for a certain period of time, if no blast is detected until the blast expected arrival time predicted after performing the pitch control / RTI &gt;
(a) confirming whether wind data is received;
(b) extracting wind speed data included in wind data upon receiving wind data;
(c) extracting distance information from the wind turbine generator to which the wind data is transmitted;
(d) predicting a predicted blast arrival time based on the extracted wind speed data and distance information between the wind turbine generator and the wind turbine generator; And
(e) controlling the pitch of the rotor in accordance with the predicted estimated wind speed arrival time.
The method of claim 7, further comprising: (f) detecting the wind speed / direction; (g) estimating a gust based on the detected wind speed, and generating wind information according to the wind speed / direction when wind gust is expected, and transmitting wind information to the peripheral wind power generator (turbine) Method of pitch control of generator.
The method according to claim 7, wherein step (d) predicts a predicted wind speed reaching time by the following equation.
<Formula>
Estimated blast arrival time = D / VW
Where D is the turbine distance information to the wind turbine that transmitted the wind information about the gust, and VW is the wind speed data.
[7] The method of claim 7, wherein the step (e) controls the pitch of the rotor before the estimated arrival time of the blast to reduce the influence of the blast due to the blast.
[7] The method of claim 7, wherein step (e) controls to restore the pitch control to the previous pitch state if the wind speed detected through the wind speed / / RTI &gt;
[7] The method of claim 7, wherein, in the step (e), when the blast is not detected until the blast expected arrival time after performing the pitch control, the blast expected arrival time is extended for a predetermined time to perform pitch control A method for controlling the pitch of a wind turbine generator.

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