KR20160056362A - Heat tolerance index derived from chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in Maize(Zea Mays L.) - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide fluorescence parameters obtained through chlorophyll fluorescence analysis as an index which is associated with heat resistance. The present invention comprises a numerical formula obtaining a heat factor index exhibiting a heat degree composed of photochemical reaction parameters for selecting breeding using a chlorophyll fluorescence phenomenon that is a photochemical physiological reaction. Heat factor index (HFI) = log[PI_ABS (∨heat-treated maize)/PI_ABS (non heat-treated maize) (after heat-treating maize one time)] + 2log [PI_ABS (heat-treated maize)/PI_ABS (non heat-treated maize) (after heat-treating maize two times)] + 2^n log[PI_heat-treated maize /PI_non heat-treated maize (after heat-treating maize n times)]. The present numerical formula is conceived to obtain an index through a periodical observation for a predetermined period of time after performing the heat treatment process.

Description

{Heat tolerance index derived from chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in Maize (Zea Mays L.)} using chlorophyll fluorescence parameters.

 The present invention relates to a method for measuring the growth response of a plant through chlorophyll fluorescence analysis, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for accurately measuring the stress state of a plant using a chlorophyll fluorescence analyzer to collectively determine functions related to photosynthesis efficiency It is possible to increase the productivity of corn through calculation of the coefficient and apply it to the technology that can be used for selection of breeding related to heat resistance.

In order to determine the stress of the plant, it is well known that the stress is determined by analyzing the biosynthetic substance in the plant body which responds to the environmental stress. In addition, plants can not utilize all of the short absorbed light, and light of around 80 percent is dissipated into heat or reflected by long wavelength light. The chloroplasts in plant leaf tissues contain chlorophyll, It shows the reaction to fluoresce absorbed light. The following Table 1 shows the fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence in several higher and lower plants.

Information elected from the fast OJIP fluorescence induction F _o = F _{20 s or 50 s} : First reliable fluorescence value after the onset of actinic illumination; used as initial value of the fluorescence when all the reaction centers are open or in the oxidized state F _{300 s:} Fluorescence value at 300 s F _J = F _2ms: Fluorescence value at 2 ms (J-level) F _I = F _30ms: Fluorescence value at 30 ms (I-level) F _P (= F _M ): Fluorescence value at the peak of OJIP curve; maximum value under saturating illumination when all reaction centers are closed or in reduced state Technical fluorescence parameters:
V _V = F _T - F _O Variable Chl fluorescence
F _V = F _M - F _O Maximum variable Chl fluorescence
V _T = (F _T F _O ) / (F _M - F _O ) Relative variable Chl fluorescence
V _j = (F 2 _ms -F ₀ ) / (F _M -Fo)
F _V / F _M = (1-F _O / F _M ) -Maximum photochemical activity of PSII
_{RC / ABS = Number of Q A} reducing reaction centers per PSII antennae chlorophyll, to the reduction of Q B
_{PI ABS = (RC / ABS)} [(Fv / F M) / 1- (F V / F M)] [(1-V J) / (1- (1-V J)] - Energy conservation from photons absorbed by PSII antenna Specific energy fluxes (per Q _A -reducing PSII reactioncenter-RC)
ABS / RC = M _O (1 / V _J ) (1 / _Po ): Absorption flux per RC
_{TRo / RC = M O (1} / V J): Trapped energy flux per RC (at t = 0)
ET _O / RC = M _O (1 / V _J ) y _o : Electron transport flux per RC (at t = 0)
DI _O / RC = (ABS / RC) (TR _o / RC): Dissipated energy flux per RC (at t = 0) Definitions of energy fluxes ABS = TR + DI Rate of photon absorption by total PSII antenna-denoted as absorbed photon flux TR Rate of exciton trapping (leading to Q _A reduction) by PSII RCs-denoted trapped flux excition C Maximum (initial) trapped exciton flux DI Rate of energy dissipation in all the PSIIs, in processes other than trapping-denoted as dissipated energy flux ET ² _O Electron transport flux from Q _{A to} Q _B RE ¹ _O Electron transport flux until PSI acceptors (defined at t = 30 ms, corresponding to the I-level) Quantum yields and efficiencies / probabilities _PO = TR _O / ABS = 1- (F _O / F _M ) = F _V / F _M = PSII Maximum quantum yield of primary PSII photochemistry _PV = TR / ABS = 1- (F _T / F _M ) = j _PO (1-V _T ) Quantum yield of primary PSII photochemistry ^{_{ET2O = ET 2 O / ABS =}} 1- (F J / F M)
= j _PO (1-V _J ) Quantum yield of the electron transport flux from Q A toQ B ^{_{RE1O = RE 1 O / ABS =}} 1- (F I / F M)
= j _PO (1-V _I ) Quantum yield of the electron transport flux until PSI acceptors ^{_{ET2O = ET 2 O / TR O}} = 1-V J Efficiency / probability with which a trapped PSII electron is transferred from Q _A to Q _{B ^{RE1O = RE 1 O / TR O}} = 1-V I Efficiency / probability with which a PSII trapped electron is transmitted until PSI acceptors ^{_{RE1O = RE 1 O / ET 2}} O = (1-V I) / (1-V J) Efficiency / probability with which electron from Q _B istransferreduntilPSIacceptors

So far, the selection of breeders has been mostly based on the determination of the characteristics of selected varieties by measuring changes in the content of the plant samples. These biochemical and molecular biological methods have a drawback in that they require a lot of time and effort. In some cases, dendrograms are used for breeding selection in some cases, and scientific criteria are ambiguous due to differences in aesthetic observations of researchers There was a side.

DISCLOSURE Technical Problem The present invention is to solve such conventional problems, and its object is to provide fluorescence parameters obtained through chlorophyll fluorescence analysis as an index related to heat resistance.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an index expressing applicable heat resistance in rice, field and orchard for breeding selection, as well as for all facilities equipped for agricultural purposes such as loss of greenhouse and artifact.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses a Logarithm function to digitize a value capable of expressing heat resistance through mutual combination of fluorescent marker variables. The heat loss index is determined using the PI _ABS value at a specific point in the heat treatment period (Table 1).

By applying the present invention, it is possible to minimize efforts to observe the crops during the whole growing period and investigate the quantity components for the research and technology development to select the heat resistance of the crops. It is possible to apply to young plants. It is possible to increase the selection effect by allowing the selection and culling to be known through the indicators without comparing the quantity index obtained at the final stage and the like.

In addition, the present invention can provide moisture conditions necessary for healthy growth of plants and grounds for soil moisture control, thereby effectively controlling the temperature of the facility cultivator and the temperature in the facility.

Figure 1 is a graph of fluorescence parameters within 2 ms of chlorophyll fluorescence for the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in photochemical parameters for the present invention. FIG.
3 is a selection reference graph using the heat resistance index according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Tables 1 and 2, the change of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter according to the present invention can be expressed as a measurement value, not a tube observation.

The index of heat resistance is calculated as follows.

   PI _ABS  = (RC / ABS) [(Fv / F _M ) / 1- (F _V / F _M )] [(1 -V _J ) / (1- (1-V _J )]

Heat Factor Index (HFI) = log [PI _{ABS ( Heat-treated corn)} / PI _{ABS ( Untreated corn)} (After one treatment)] + 2log [PI _{ABS ( Heat-treated corn)} / PI _{ABS ( Untreated corn)} (After 2 treatments)] +

+ 2 ⁿ log [PI _{Heat-treated corn}  / PI _{Unprocessed corn} (after n times of processing)] ------------ [Formula 1]

The utilization of the heat loss index (formula 1) developed in the present invention facilitates the selection of the heat loss more efficiently than the selection by oil tubes

Example

In order to obtain the deterioration index according to the present invention, the chlorophyll fluorescence reaction (OJIP) was analyzed for the growth of corn under the humid condition and the general cultivation condition, and the results are shown in the following FIG. Using the fluorescence values thus obtained, the parameters as shown in Table 1 are calculated. When the fluorescence parameters of the corn varieties are compared, it is easy to compare the variation of each parameter as shown in Fig. As shown in FIG. 3, by calculating the thermal expansion index HFI from these values and expressing the log PI _ABS value on the y axis and expressing the exponent value on the x axis, the degree of thermal degradation can be easily compared.

Figure 1. Results of chlorophyll fluorescence (OJIP) analysis after heat treatment of corn

Figure 2. Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters after heat treatment of corn (3 days observation)

According to the present invention, by comparing the photosynthetic electron transfer efficiency of the heat-treated horticultural plants to be compared with the fluorescence parameter values measured using the chlorophyll fluorescence reaction, it is possible to efficiently determine the degree of thermal decomposition in the young seedling stage It is possible to do.

Information elected from the fast OJIP fluorescence induction F _o = F _{20 s or 50 s} : First reliable fluorescence value after the onset of actinic illumination; used as initial value of the fluorescence when all the reaction centers are open or in the oxidized state F _{300 s:} Fluorescence value at 300 s F _J = F _2ms: Fluorescence value at 2 ms (J-level) F _I = F _30ms: Fluorescence value at 30 ms (I-level) F _P (= F _M ): Fluorescence value at the peak of OJIP curve; maximum value under saturating illumination when all reaction centers are closed or in reduced state Technical fluorescence parameters:
V _V = F _T - F _O Variable Chl fluorescence
F _V = F _M - F _O Maximum variable Chl fluorescence
V _T = (F _T F _O ) / (F _M - F _O ) Relative variable Chl fluorescence
V _j = (F 2 _ms -F ₀ ) / (F _M -Fo)
F _V / F _M = (1-F _O / F _M ) -Maximum photochemical activity of PSII
_{RC / ABS = Number of Q A} reducing reaction centers per PSII antennae chlorophyll, to the reduction of Q B
_{PI ABS = (RC / ABS)} [(Fv / F M) / 1- (F V / F M)] [(1-V J) / (1- (1-V J)] - Energy conservation from photons absorbed by PSII antenna Specific energy fluxes (per Q _A -reducing PSII reactioncenter-RC)
ABS / RC = M _O (1 / V _J ) (1 / _Po ): Absorption flux per RC
_{TRo / RC = M O (1} / V J): Trapped energy flux per RC (at t = 0)
ET _O / RC = M _O (1 / V _J ) y _o : Electron transport flux per RC (at t = 0)
DI _O / RC = (ABS / RC) (TR _o / RC): Dissipated energy flux per RC (at t = 0) Definitions of energy fluxes ABS = TR + DI Rate of photon absorption by total PSII antenna-denoted as absorbed photon flux TR Rate of exciton trapping (leading to Q _A reduction) by PSII RCs-denoted trapped flux excition C Maximum (initial) trapped exciton flux DI Rate of energy dissipation in all the PSIIs, in processes other than trapping-denoted as dissipated energy flux ET ² _O Electron transport flux from Q _{A to} Q _B RE ¹ _O Electron transport flux until PSI acceptors (defined at t = 30 ms, corresponding to the I-level) Quantum yields and efficiencies / probabilities _PO = TR _O / ABS = 1- (F _O / F _M ) = F _V / F _M = PSII Maximum quantum yield of primary PSII photochemistry _PV = TR / ABS = 1- (F _T / F _M ) = j _PO (1-V _T ) Quantum yield of primary PSII photochemistry ^{_{ET2O = ET 2 O / ABS =}} 1- (F J / F M)
= j _PO (1-V _J ) Quantum yield of the electron transport flux from Q A toQ B ^{_{RE1O = RE 1 O / ABS =}} 1- (F I / F M)
= j _PO (1-V _I ) Quantum yield of the electron transport flux until PSI acceptors ^{_{ET2O = ET 2 O / TR O}} = 1-V J Efficiency / probability with which a trapped PSII electron is transferred from Q _A to Q _{B ^{RE1O = RE 1 O / TR O}} = 1-V I Efficiency / probability with which a PSII trapped electron is transmitted until PSI acceptors ^{_{RE1O = RE 1 O / ET 2}} O = (1-V I) / (1-V J) Efficiency / probability with which electron from Q _B istransferreduntilPSIacceptors

Claims (2)

Use of heat resistance-related breeding selection using formula 1 related to heat resistance.
[Equation 1]
A column header index (Heat Factor Index, HFI) = log [PI _{ABS (thermal haecheori corn)} / PI _{ABS (untreated corn)} (one-time treatment after)] + 2log [PI _{ABS (thermal haecheori corn)} / PI _{ABS (no Treated corn)} (after 2 treatments)] + 2 ⁿ log [PI _{heat -treated corn} / PI _{untreated corn} (after n treatments)] The method according to claim 1,
Including utilization of indices for selection of breeding for other crops other than corn.

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