KR20160036536A - Performance Test Methods of Adsorbent for Indoor Air Radon Mitigation - Google Patents

Performance Test Methods of Adsorbent for Indoor Air Radon Mitigation Download PDF

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KR20160036536A
KR20160036536A KR1020160030751A KR20160030751A KR20160036536A KR 20160036536 A KR20160036536 A KR 20160036536A KR 1020160030751 A KR1020160030751 A KR 1020160030751A KR 20160030751 A KR20160030751 A KR 20160030751A KR 20160036536 A KR20160036536 A KR 20160036536A
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radon
adsorbent
adsorption
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박영웅
박승기
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
    • G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract

In addition to paintings and wallpapers that add the adsorbent weight to the radon adsorption performance and the air purifier and the adsorbent in the form of a powder, the method of coating the interior walls with nanoparticles of TiO 2 is effective in reducing radon However, even if the same adsorbent having the same initial adsorption performance is used, the adsorbent may have a large difference in the radon adsorption performance depending on the manufacturing process and the storage state, etc., but the indoor environment condition such as the temperature, The effective lifetime is different from each other. Therefore, the radon adsorption performance indicated by the weight of the adsorbent or the like can not be said to be a precise indication method of the adsorption performance of radon. In the present invention, a radon adsorption performance of an adsorbent for indoor air radon reduction can be expressed as a radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) and% in adsorption equilibrium.

Description

{Performance Test Methods of Adsorbent for Indoor Air Radon Mitigation}

The present invention relates to a method for testing the performance of an adsorbent for indoor air radon reduction.

Most of the air purifiers using the adsorption characteristics of porous adsorbents show the weight of the adsorbent charged in the air purifier as the radon adsorption performance. However, there is a great difference in the adsorption performance of radon for each adsorbent depending on the production process and storage condition of the adsorbent, In addition, even if the same adsorbent having the same initial adsorption performance is used, since the useful life varies depending on the indoor environment conditions in which the adsorbent is located, such as the temperature, humidity, wind speed and the presence of volatile organic compounds, the radon adsorption performance Can not be said to be an accurate performance indication method. In addition, it has been reported that addition of powdery adsorbent to paint or wallpaper as well as air purifier, or coating of the inner wall with TiO 2 in the form of nanoparticles to impart a radon reduction function is effective for reducing radon It is not easy to quantitatively measure the radon adsorption performance required for the verification of the radon.

The previously known adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) theory can be applied to indicate the adsorption performance of the radon.

Figure pat00001

(Where C 0 is the radon concentration in air in the sealed test vessel before adsorbent is loaded (hereinafter referred to as the 'initial concentration'), C E is the air concentration in the air after the adsorption equilibrium, Equilibrium concentration '), V is the volume of the test vessel, and M is the amount of the adsorbent used in the test)

In order to use the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) introduced in Equation (1) as the adsorbing capacity of the adsorbent, it is necessary to measure the 'initial concentration' and the 'equilibrium concentration' at the time of adsorption equilibrium. In case of using a large quantity of samples for performance test or using a small amount of sample less than the proper amount or when the measurement is carried out without sufficient time until the adsorption equilibrium is established, It can not be said that it is equivalent to the 'equilibrium concentration'. It is necessary to measure the concentration (hereinafter referred to as 'adsorption concentration') measured by the adsorbent after the initial concentration measurement corresponding to a relatively high concentration due to the characteristics of the adsorption test. When using a measuring instrument, it is necessary to measure the 'adsorption concentration' by using a contaminated measuring device after the 'initial concentration' measurement And measurement errors will follow. These problems make it difficult to use the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) to indicate the performance of the adsorbent for indoor air radon reduction, and the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) This is not a figure.

In the present invention, the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) at the time when the adsorption equilibrium is made using three test vessels and three measuring instruments is derived. In the first step, 'Three Chamber' composed of three test containers with constant temperature and humidity that can be sealed is prepared. Then, when the radon source is put into each test container, the 'initial concentration' (C 01 , C 02 , C 03 ), respectively. In the second step, the adsorbent to be tested is divided into three test vessels in such a manner that the maximum amount and the minimum amount of the adsorbent differ by about 5 times or more. (C 1 , C 2 , C 3 ) at the same time point, and the third step is a step of measuring the (C 0 -C) / C) (M / V) is plotted on the x-axis and the result of extrapolation of the three points in the relationship of the linear first order equation is used to calculate the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ), And when three points are not in a linear relationship, three consecutive measured values This is a step of finding the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) in the adsorption equilibrium state by repeatedly adjusting the amount of the adsorbent until the relation of the linear first order equation is shown. In the case where the three points are not in a straight line relationship, the test can be conducted after distributing the adsorbent samples to be tested to three or more, and the related contents are derived from the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) in the adsorption equilibrium state (2) " (2) "

Figure pat00002

(y 'is a component ((C 0i -C i ) / C i ), where C 0i is the number of test samples at 24 hours or more after sealing the radon source in 3 or more test containers 'Initial concentration', C i is the adsorption concentration of the test sample at the same time as the 'initial concentration' after the addition of the adsorbent with different amounts of the sample to each of the three test vessels, (M i / V i ), where M i is the amount of adsorbent divided into three or more test vessels, divided by the difference between the maximum and minimum amounts of about 5 times V i is the volume of each of the three or more test vessels, and V i is the volume of each of the three or more test vessels. In the case of a plate or other molded product, the amount of the adsorbent may be expressed in terms of area or converted into weight. On The above description assumes that the test is completed in three stages in total, in which three or more test vessels are used to simultaneously measure the 'initial concentration' and the 'adsorption concentration' three or more times, , The initial concentration may be measured once and the adsorption concentration may be measured in a series of three or more consecutive series, where V i can be replaced by V when one vessel is used And C 0i can be replaced by C 0 , the lowercase letter c is a constant generated by extrapolating the measurement result to derive a linear first-order equation)

The radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) in the adsorption equilibrium state, which can be derived from Equation (2), can be said to be a value that can quantitatively indicate the adsorption performance of the adsorbent quantitatively. However, Therefore, in the present invention, the radon adsorption removal performance (radon adsorption removal ratio) can be expressed in the form of% using the equation (3). In this case, since the calculation value of the 'radon adsorption elimination rate' varies depending on the amount of the adsorbent used in the test, the 'radon adsorption removal rate' calculated by substituting an arbitrary number that can be represented by the adsorbent into (M / V) The radon adsorption elimination rate is expressed as 'radon adsorption elimination rate', together with 'X', which is the calculated value of (M / V), to enable quantitative comparison between the adsorbents. (M / V) value is displayed together, it can be said that it corresponds to an accurate performance indication method. In the present invention, for convenience, the result calculated using Equation 3 is expressed as 'radon adsorption elimination rate', but if it is equivalent to a result obtained by using a formula substantially equivalent to Equation 3, even if other terms are used, Removal rate '.

Figure pat00003

Equation 4, which is introduced next, corresponds to a formula substantially equivalent to Equation 3.

Figure pat00004

Through the present invention, it is possible to quantitatively express the radon adsorption elimination performance of an adsorbent for indoor air radon reduction, and it can be expressed in a form that can be easily understood by the general public.

Fig. In order to express the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) derived from the adsorption equilibrium state using the test results, it can be shown that the radon adsorption performance can be drastically reduced according to the surrounding conditions. The results obtained by using activated carbon at the time of membrane opening (hereinafter referred to as " initial activated carbon ") as a sample and the result of exposure to air containing about 10,000 ppm of toluene for 24 hours and then allowed to stand for 3 days ) Was used as a sample.
Fig. 1 shows that the radon adsorption performance can be expressed in% form using the test data as shown in FIG.
3 and 4. In the derivation of the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) in the adsorption equilibrium state, when the amount of the sample is input in terms of the weight unit and the area unit, it is expressed as a different value. The unit of V used in the x- 3 and Fig. 4, and the unit of M is kg and m2 in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, respectively.
5 and 6. 3 and 4 show that the radon adsorption performance can be expressed in% form using the test data as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.

The following examples are provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The initial concentrations (C 0A , C 0B , and C 0B) at 72 hours after sealing the radon source in the 'Three Chamber' of constant temperature and humidity composed of three 15 L test vessels (A, B and C) C 0C) for each measurement, the film opening, a reagent grade, the initial activated carbon, 1g, 5g, 10g of "adsorption density" at the time point elapsed 72 hours, then added to each of the three test vessel (C a, and C B, C C ) were measured. In addition, when the above-mentioned activated carbon was exposed to air containing toluene at a concentration of about 10,000 ppm for 24 hours, and the sample elapsed for 3 days outdoors was referred to as 'aged activated carbon', the same test was repeated for 72 hours (C ' A , C' B , and C ' C ) were measured. From the measured value (C 0A -C A) / C A, (0B C -C B) / C B, (0C C C -C) / C and C (C 0A -C 'A) / C' A, ( C 0B -C 'B) / C ' B, (C 0C -C 'C) / C' calculated for C, respectively, obtained by dividing the amount of activated carbon (㎏) used for the test in a volume (㎥) of the test vessel M A / V, M B / V, and M C / V are calculated and summarized in Table 1.

'Three Chamber' test results to derive radon adsorption partition coefficient division Chambera Chamber B Chamber C M (kg) / V (m < 3 >) 0.667 0.333 0.067 (C 0 -C) / C 2.534 1.260 0.104 (C 0 -C ') / C' 0.471 0.157 0.009

When the results of Table 1 are plotted, it can be seen that when the initial activated carbon and the aged activated carbon are used as the samples, all the values of the three test vessels are in the relationship of the linear first order equation (FIG. 1) 4.0403 and 0.7771 for the inclination can be called respectively "the initial activated carbon, and radon adsorption distribution coefficient at the time when the adsorption equilibrium for" aging activated carbon, comprising (K d), radon adsorption partition coefficient is determined only by (K d) , The adsorption performance of 'aged activated carbon' was decreased to about 1/5 of that of 'initial activated carbon'. Table 2 shows the results of calculating the radon adsorption removal rate by substituting the above test results into the equation (3).

'Radon adsorption removal rate' calculated from 'Three Chamber' division Chambera Chamber B Chamber C M (kg) / V (m < 3 >) 0.667 0.333 0.067 Radon adsorption
Removal rate Initial activated carbon 72.93% 57.39% 21.22% Aging activated carbon 34.13% 20.57% 4.93%

Since the form of the adsorbent that can be used for indoor air radon reduction can be made not only in the form of particles used in Example 1 but also in the form of boards and various types of moldings, the amount of the adsorbent required to achieve the radon reduction target is (㎡) as well as the area unit (㎏) of the adsorbent. The use of the unit of measurement instead of the weight unit to indicate the amount of adsorbent in the test step can reduce the amount of adsorbent for indoor air- Will be able to express it.

In the present invention, tests were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 using a board-shaped carbonized board distributed in the market as a sample, and the results are summarized in Tables 3 and 4.

division Chambera Chamber B Chamber C Mi / Vi M (kg) / V (m < 3 >) 25.67 10.27 5.133 M (m 2) / V (m 3) 3.333 1.333 0.667 (C 0 -C) / C 3.219 1.335 0.623

FIGS. 3 and 4 are graphical representations of the results of Table 3, in which the amounts of samples are shown separately when using kg and m 2 units, and the values measured in the three test vessels are respectively in the relation of linear first order equations . Therefore, 0.1255 and 0.9660 corresponding to the slope at this time can be called the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) when the adsorbent amount is calculated by the weight unit (kg) and the area unit (㎡), respectively. K d ), it was confirmed that the carbonization board used in the test had a low adsorption performance as compared with the 'aged activated carbon' of Example 1, which was about 1/6. This is because the binder used when solidifying the activated carbon into a plate form It can be said that The radon adsorption removal rate was calculated by substituting the above test results into the equation (3), and the results are shown in Table 4.

The 'radon adsorption removal rate' of the carbonized board calculated from the 'Three Chamber' division Chambera Chamber B Chamber C Mi / Vi M (kg) / V (m < 3 >) 25.67 10.27 5.133 M (m 2) / V (m 3) 3.333 1.333 0.667 Radon adsorption removal rate 76.32% 56.31% 39.18%

The effective life of the adsorbent may vary greatly depending on indoor environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind direction and presence of volatile organic compounds. Therefore, when the adsorbent is activated carbon, adsorption is performed not only at the initial stage of use but also at a rate of 6 months to 1 year It is necessary to make efforts to find the optimal replacement point of activated carbon by measuring the performance. It is good to check the performance of the radon adsorption just before the start of the winter season when it is difficult to ventilate. Particularly, when the adsorbent is applied in the form of nanoparticles sprayed on the wall, it is possible to apply a large area using a small amount, so that it is possible to obtain a quick effect at an early stage, It will be necessary to check the effect six months before installation. In addition, the distribution coefficient (K d ) in expressing the radon adsorption performance was calculated by applying the amount of the adsorbent in terms of the weight unit (kg) and the area unit (m 2), but the values were expressed differently, It was confirmed that the radon adsorption removal rate did not change whether the weight unit (kg) was applied or the area unit (m2) was applied.

Claims (2)

The radon adsorption elimination performance (radon adsorption removal rate) was expressed in% form using the following formula, and the value of X corresponding to the value obtained by dividing the amount (M) of the adsorbent by the volume (V) And the radon adsorption performance test method
Figure pat00005

(Where K d is the radon adsorption partition coefficient at the adsorption equilibrium, V is the volume of the test vessel, and M is the amount of adsorbent used in the test)
The initial concentration (C 01 , C 02 , C 03 , ... ) of the test group at the time when more than 24 hours have elapsed after sealing each of the radon sources in three or more test vessels, (M 1 , M 2 , M 3 , ...) so that the maximum and minimum amounts are different by about 5 times, and then added to three or more test vessels, respectively. "adsorption concentration" (C 1, C 2, C 3, ...) for the phase, the value (M / V) obtained by dividing the amount (M) of the adsorbent at a volume (V) of a test vessel used in the test to measure the x-axis And calculating the radon adsorption partition coefficient (K d ) in the adsorption equilibrium state from the slope of the linear first-order equation obtained by inputting the measurement result into the graph of (C 0 -C) / C) Test method for radon adsorption performance
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112945794A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-06-11 南昌师范学院 Used for detecting SO of activated carbon fiber pair2Method for adsorption amount
KR20220133491A (en) 2021-03-25 2022-10-05 주식회사 아이팩 Pump head assembly device
KR20220133490A (en) 2021-03-25 2022-10-05 주식회사 아이팩 Assembly device of mist pump

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112945794A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-06-11 南昌师范学院 Used for detecting SO of activated carbon fiber pair2Method for adsorption amount
KR20220133491A (en) 2021-03-25 2022-10-05 주식회사 아이팩 Pump head assembly device
KR20220133490A (en) 2021-03-25 2022-10-05 주식회사 아이팩 Assembly device of mist pump

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