KR20160029638A - Laser welding device - Google Patents

Laser welding device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
KR20160029638A
KR20160029638A KR1020150047666A KR20150047666A KR20160029638A KR 20160029638 A KR20160029638 A KR 20160029638A KR 1020150047666 A KR1020150047666 A KR 1020150047666A KR 20150047666 A KR20150047666 A KR 20150047666A KR 20160029638 A KR20160029638 A KR 20160029638A
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
laser beam
unit
laser
lens
welding
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020150047666A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Inventor
이세용
배성호
신기봉
Original Assignee
(주)엔에스
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by (주)엔에스 filed Critical (주)엔에스
Publication of KR20160029638A publication Critical patent/KR20160029638A/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B23K26/0648—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising lenses

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a laser welding device for welding the contact points of materials, comprising: an ignition unit for igniting using a laser beam with a circular section; a collimator unit for converting the laser beam ignited from the ignition unit into a parallel ray; and a trimming member for altering at least either one among the major axis diameter or minor axis diameter, after trimming the laser beam which passed through the collimator unit into an oval section with a major axis and a minor axis intersecting the major axis; and an irradiation unit for welding the contact points by irradiating the laser beam onto at least one of the above materials. According to the present invention, the laser beam is trimmed to have an oval cross section which has shorter length in the minor axis and longer length in the major axis, and can be irradiated to materials, while the directions of both the major and minor axes are in parallel. Therefore, the energy concentration to the welding parts on the materials can be enhanced, and thermal deformation around the neighboring portion can be minimized.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a laser welding device,

The present invention relates to a laser welding apparatus.

Laser welding is a method of welding a base material to a base material by irradiating the base material with a laser beam. Due to the high energy density of the laser beam, it can be applied to a metal having a high melting point. It is possible to weld even in an atmosphere.

In this laser welding, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , a laser beam is intermittently irradiated to the base materials F 1 and F 2 so that the beam spots B S are spaced apart, (spot) welding and the like, and the beam spots (s B) weld seam (seam) for irradiating a laser beam to be superimposed sequentially on the base material (F 1) (F 2) . Spot welding is mainly used for a structure in which airtightness or watertightness is not required since the joints of the base materials F 1 and F 2 are intermittently bonded. In addition, the seam welding, the joint portion of the base material (F 1) (F 2) so as subsequently bonded, is mainly used in the structure is required airtight and watertight.

On the other hand, in order to increase the energy efficiency of the laser welding, it is preferable to concentrate the energy of the laser beam at the bonding region of the base materials F 1 (F 2 ). 1 and 2, the conventional laser welding apparatus for laser welding has a structure in which a laser beam having a circular cross-sectional shape having the same diameter in all directions is cut along the predetermined welding direction to form the base materials F 1 ) (F 2 ). Therefore, the conventional laser welding apparatus has a problem in that the energy efficiency of the laser welding is low because the energy of the laser beam is scattered to the peripheral region of the joint portion without being concentrated at the joint portion.

On the other hand, the seam welding should keep the overlap rate of the beam spot (B S ) at a certain level or more. In order to increase the overlapping ratio of the beam spot B S , the cross-sectional shape of the laser beam when performing seam welding is adjusted to have a long length in the welding direction and a short length in the direction perpendicular to the welding direction . However, the conventional laser welding apparatus does not have a configuration capable of adjusting the cross-sectional shape of the laser beam so as to be suitable for overlapping the beam spot B S. Therefore, in the conventional laser welding apparatus, as shown in FIG. 2, the overlap rate of the beam spot B S can be increased only by reducing the moving speed of the laser beam with respect to the welding direction to narrow the gap between the beam spots Therefore, there is a problem that the speed of seam welding is slow.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a laser welding apparatus in which the energy of a laser beam can be concentrated on a bonding site of base materials.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a laser welding apparatus in which the cross-sectional shape of the laser beam irradiated on the base materials can be adjusted.

Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a laser welding apparatus improved in structure so that welding can be performed at a high speed.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser welding apparatus for welding a contact portion of a base material arranged to be in contact with at least a part of a laser beam, A oscillation unit which generates and oscillates; A collimator unit for converting the laser beam emitted from the oscillation unit into parallel light; And a shaping member capable of deforming at least one of a major axis diameter of the elliptical section and a minor axis diameter of the elliptical section, wherein the laser beam passing through the collimator unit is shaped into a cross section of an ellipse having a major axis perpendicular to the minor axis and the minor axis, And irradiating the laser beam to at least one of the base materials to weld the contact portion.

Preferably, the irradiation unit irradiates the laser beam to at least one of the base materials in a welding direction parallel to the major axis direction of the elliptical cross section.

Preferably, the shaping member comprises: a first cylindrical lens focusing a laser beam having passed through the collimator unit at a predetermined ratio around a long axis of the elliptical section; And a second circumferential lens disposed between the first circumferential lens and the first circumferential lens in a direction perpendicular to the first circumferential lens with respect to a center axis of the laser beam, And a second circumferential lens converging at a predetermined ratio.

Preferably, the first cylindrical lens and the second cylindrical lens each have a predetermined focal length, and are arranged to have the same focal position.

Preferably, the ratio of the major axis diameter to the minor axis diameter of the elliptical cross section is adjustable.

Preferably, the ratio is adjustable by changing the ratio of the focal length of the first cylindrical lens to the focal length of the second cylindrical lens.

Preferably, the ratio of the major axis diameter to the minor axis diameter of the elliptical cross section is between 2 and 3.

The collimator unit may further include a beam magnifying unit provided between the collimator unit and the irradiation unit, for enlarging the diameter of the laser beam passed through the collimator unit and transmitting the enlarged diameter to the irradiation unit.

Preferably, the beam expanding unit includes: a concave lens that emits a laser beam transmitted from the collimator unit; And a convex lens for converting the laser beam emitted by the concave lens into parallel light.

The laser welding apparatus according to the present invention has the following effects.

First, the laser beam is shaped so as to have a cross-sectional shape of an ellipse having a short length in the minor axis direction and a long length in the major axis direction, and to irradiate the laser beam to the base materials so that the long axis direction of the ellipse is parallel to the welding direction It is possible to concentrate the energy of the laser beam on the welded portions of the base materials, thereby enhancing the energy efficiency and minimizing thermal deformation at the welded portion and the adjacent portion.

Second, since the laser beams can be irradiated onto the base materials so that the adjacent beam spots overlap each other in the major axis direction of the ellipse, compared with a conventional laser welding apparatus having a laser beam having a circular cross-sectional shape, It is possible to reduce the number of beam spots required to realize the laser welding speed.

Third, since the short axis diameter and the major axis diameter of the laser beam can be individually adjusted, it is possible to concentrate the energy of the laser beam to the welded portion of the base materials more effectively and adjust the superposition ratio of the beam spot of the laser beam more precisely .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a view for explaining an aspect of performing spot welding using a conventional laser welding apparatus. Fig.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a laser welding apparatus.
3 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a laser welding apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a flow chart showing a change in sectional shape of a laser beam of the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a perspective view of the irradiation unit of the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a side view of the irradiation unit of the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the long axis of the ellipse.
7 is a side view of the irradiation unit of the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention as seen from the direction of the short axis of the ellipse.
8 is a view showing a state in which a laser beam is shaped into a cross section of an ellipse by the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a plan view of base materials showing an aspect of butt welding the base materials using the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a perspective view of base materials showing an aspect of butt welding the base materials using the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a cross-sectional view of base materials showing butt welding of base materials using the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a flowchart for explaining a laser welding method using a laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a laser welding apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
14 is a perspective view of the irradiation unit of the laser welding apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
15 is a plan view of base materials showing an aspect of lap welding of base materials using the laser welding apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
16 is a perspective view of base materials showing an aspect of lap welding of base materials using a laser welding apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
17 is a cross-sectional view of base materials showing an aspect of lap welding of base materials using a laser welding apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
18 is a cross-sectional view of base materials showing another aspect of lap welding of base materials using a laser welding apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms and the inventor may appropriately define the concept of the term in order to best describe its invention It should be construed as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, It is to be understood that equivalents and modifications are possible.

In the drawings, the size of each element or a specific part constituting the element is exaggerated, omitted or schematically shown for convenience and clarity of description. Therefore, the size of each component does not entirely reflect the actual size. In the following description, it is to be understood that the detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a laser welding apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a change in sectional shape of a laser beam of the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention .

3, the laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the end face of the (F 1a) (F 2a) is the base material of the pair arranged to be in contact with each other (F 1) ( the end face of the (F 1a) (F 2a) of the F 2) provide for the welding seam (seam), from the oscillation unit 10, an oscillation unit 10 to oscillate to generate a laser beam (B 1) of the circular A collimator unit 20 for making the oscillated laser beam B 1 into parallel light B2 and a laser beam B 2 passing through the collimator unit 20 to change the path of the laser beam B 2 reflection plate 30, reflection plate 30, the path is changed, the laser beam (B 2) a laser beam having a diameter enlarged by the beam-up unit 40, and beam expanding unit 40 to expand the diameter of the by (B 4 ) and the speed-reduced and shaped in the cross-sectional shape of an ellipse having a major axis perpendicular to, the laser beam (B 6) shaping the sectional shape of the ellipse is irradiated to at least one of the base material It includes an irradiation unit 50 for welding the tip portion.

The material of the base material which can be laser welded by using the laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, the pair of base materials F 1 and F 2 , that is, the first base material F 1 and the second base material F 2 may each have a synthetic resin or a metal material.

The oscillation unit 10 can oscillate by generating a laser beam B 1 having a circular sectional shape as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 (a). Since the oscillation unit 10 has the same structure as the oscillation unit 10 of the conventional laser welding apparatus, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

3, the collimator unit 20 is provided on the downstream side of the oscillation unit 10 so as to receive the laser beam B 1 oscillated from the oscillation unit 10, The laser beam B 1 transmitted from the unit 10 can be made into parallel light B 2 .

Although the laser beam has a stronger directivity than ordinary light, due to technical limitations, it has a certain degree of dispersion angle. Thus, the beam spot (B s) of the oscillation unit 10 and the base material in (F 1) (F 2) laser beam (B 6) to be irradiated to the base material in (F 1) (F 2) according to the distance between So that the quality of laser welding can not be kept constant.

3 (a) and 4 (b), a collimator unit 20 is provided on the downstream side of the oscillation unit 10, whereby a laser beam B 1 oscillated from the oscillation unit 10 Can be made into parallel light B2. The structure of the collimator unit 20 is not particularly limited. For example, the collimator unit 20 may be composed of at least one collimator lens, as shown in FIG. A collimator unit (20) a laser beam (B 6 to be irradiated, the oscillation unit 10 and the base material in (F 1) of the base, regardless of the distance between the (F 2) (F 1) (F 2) in accordance with the maryeondoem Can keep the size and shape of the beam spot B s constant, so that the quality of laser welding can be kept constant.

3, the reflection plate 30 is provided between the collimator unit 20 and the beam expanding unit 40 and changes the path of the laser beam B 2 passing through the collimator unit 20 To the beam magnifying unit (40). The number of the reflectors 30 to be installed is not particularly limited and at least one reflector 30 may be provided between the collimator unit 20 and the beam expanding unit 40.

3, a beam expander unit 40 (BET) is provided between the reflection plate 30 and the irradiation unit 50, and the laser beam B 2 can be enlarged. More specifically, the beam magnifying unit 40 can be integrally installed inside the laser head 60 (see FIG. 10) together with the irradiation unit 50.

When the base materials are welded by using the laser beam, since the contact portions of the base materials to be welded and the portions adjacent to the contact portions of the base materials can be thermally deformed, minimizing the beam spot size in order to minimize thermal deformation of the base materials desirable.

However, the larger the diameter of the laser beam, the smaller the beam spot of the laser beam irradiated on the base materials when the laser beam is focused using the objective lens. Therefore, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 (c), the diameter of the laser beam B 2 is enlarged at a predetermined ratio by using the beam expanding unit 40, and then transmitted to the irradiation unit 50 the thermal deformation of the base material in (F 1) (F 2) may in reducing the size of the beam spot (Bs) of the laser beam (B 6) to be irradiated, the due to laser welding the base material (F 1) (F 2) Can be minimized.

The structure of the beam expanding unit 40 is not particularly limited. 3, the beam expanding unit 40 includes a concave lens 42 for diverging the laser beam B 2 transmitted from the reflection plate 30, and a concave lens 42 for emitting the laser beam B 2 , And a convex lens 44 for converting the divergent laser beam B 3 into a parallel beam B 4 .

Meanwhile, the beam expanding unit 40 is provided between the reflector 30 and the irradiation unit 50, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the beam expanding unit 40 may be installed between the collimator unit 20 and the reflector 30. In this case, the reflector 30 is moved by the beam expanding unit 40, (B 4 ) to the irradiation unit 50. When the beam expanding unit 40 is installed between the collimator units 20, the size of the reflecting plate 30 must be increased in accordance with the enlarged diameter of the laser beam B 4 , The installation cost can be increased. Therefore, it is preferable that the beam magnifying unit 40 is installed between the reflection plate 30 and the irradiation unit 50. Hereinafter, the beam magnifying unit 40 is provided between the reflection plate 30 and the irradiation unit 50 The laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

3, the irradiation unit 50 is provided on the downstream side of the beam magnifying unit 40 and is provided with a beam expanding unit 40, as shown in Figs. 4 (e) and 4 (f) a so as to have a cross-sectional shape of the laser beam (B 4) passing through the oval can be irradiated to the base material by shaping (F 1) (F 2) . More specifically, the irradiation unit 50 may be installed inside the laser head 60 (see FIG. 10) together with the beam magnifying unit 40 so as to be located on the downstream side of the beam magnifying unit 40.

The irradiation unit 50, a, of the laser beam (B 6) shaping the sectional shape of the oval come into contact with each other a first base material (F 1) and the second base material, as shown in (g) 4 ( the end faces of the F 2) (F 1a) ( F a first base material to correspond to the 2a) (F 1) and a second base material (F 2) irradiation and the contact with each other through which the first base material (F 1) in the The end faces F 1a and F 2a of the second base material F 2 can be laser welded. A more detailed description of the laser welding method using the laser beam B 6 shaped into the cross-sectional shape of the ellipse will be described later.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the irradiation unit of the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a side view of the irradiation unit of the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, And FIG. 7 is a side view of the irradiation unit of the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from the short axis direction of the elliptical section.

It is preferable that the major axis diameter a and the minor axis diameter b of the elliptical cross section of the laser beam B 6 are independently adjusted in order to precisely perform laser welding on the base materials F 1 and F 2 Do. For this purpose, the irradiation unit 50, a beam by the expanding unit 40, and shaping the laser beam (B 4) has a diameter enlarged in the cross-sectional shape of an ellipse, the major axis diameter (a) and the short diameter of the elliptical cross-section (b ), Which are individually adjustable. The structure of the shaping member is not particularly limited. For example, the shaping member includes a first cylindrical lens 52 and a second cylindrical lens 54, as shown in Fig.

5 to 7, the first cylindrical lens 52 focuses the laser beam B 4 received from the beam expanding unit 40 at a predetermined ratio centering on the long axis of the elliptical section, The circumferential lens 54 focuses the laser beam B 5 received from the first cylindrical lens 52 at a predetermined ratio around the short axis of the elliptical section.

First the cylindrical lens 52 is to have, base material to a predetermined focal length (f 1) (F 1) (F 2) and are spaced apart by the focal length (f 1), installed from the beam expanding unit 40 It is possible to focus the passed laser beam B 4 at a predetermined ratio around the long axis of the elliptical section. The installation 1, the cylindrical lens 52 is positioned out of focus towards the inside of the base material facing the first cylindrical lens (52) (F 1) of some base material than the surface of the (F 2) (F 1) (F 2) But is not limited thereto.

The second cylindrical lens 54 has a predetermined focal length f 2 and is provided with a first cylindrical lens 52 and a second cylindrical lens 52 between the first cylindrical lens 52 and the base materials F 1 and F 2 and vertically disposed relative to the central axis (o) of the laser beam (B 4) (B 5) , and are spaced apart by the focal length (f 2) installed from the base material (F 1) (F 2) , a first cylindrical the laser passing through the lens 52, the beam (B 5) may be focused at a predetermined rate about the speed of the elliptical cross-section. As shown in FIG. 5, the second circumferential lens 54 is preferably provided so as to have the same focal position as the first circumferential lens 52, but is not limited thereto.

The first cylindrical lens 52 and the second cylindrical lens 54 are each composed of a lens having a mother line whose front and rear faces are parallel to each other, that is, a cylindrical lens. The circumferential lens has no refracting action in the plane including the bus bar, but refracting action occurs in the plane perpendicular to the bus bar, so that the image of the laser beam passing through the circumferential lens becomes a straight line parallel to the bus bar. That is, the upper surface of the cylindrical lens is made of a circumferential surface similar to a part of the cylinder cut in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, and the lower surface is made of a flat surface. Thus, the laser beam passing through the circumferential lens is in equilibrium with the bottom surface of the circumferential lens, and the center axis of the laser is converged at a predetermined ratio with reference to the centerline of the circumferential surface passing vertically through the center.

Thus, the first cylindrical lens laser beam (B 5) passed through the 52 as shown in Figure 6 is predetermined, based on the center line (52b) of the peripheral surface (52a) of the first cylindrical lenses 52 Lt; / RTI > In addition, as shown in Figure 7, the second cylindrical lens 54, a laser beam (B 6), passes through the are predetermined relative to the center line (54b) of the peripheral surface (54a) of the second cylindrical lenses 54 Lt; / RTI >

8 is a view showing a state in which a laser beam is shaped into a cross section of an ellipse by the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The first cylindrical lens 52 and the second cylindrical lens 54 are respectively installed to be separated from the base materials F 1 and F 2 by focal lengths f 1 and f 2 , Since the lens 52 has a focal length f 1 that is larger than the focal length f 2 of the second cylindrical lens 54, the first cylindrical lens 52 has a larger focal length than the second cylindrical lens 54, F 1 ) (F 2 ).

Therefore, the beams sequentially passing through the first cylindrical lens 52 and the second cylindrical lens 54 are focused at a larger ratio by the first cylindrical lens 52 than the second cylindrical lens 54. [ 8, the laser beam B 6 irradiated on the base materials F 1 and F 2 after sequentially passing through the first cylindrical lens 52 and the second cylindrical lens 54, The beam spot B s of the first cylindrical lens 52 is larger than the minor axis b of the second cylindrical lens 54 in parallel with the centerline 52b of the first cylindrical lens 52, ) Have a cross-sectional shape of a longer ellipse.

Here, the ratio of the major axis diameter (a) of the shorter diameter (b) of the elliptical cross-section, the second focal length of the first cylindrical lens 52 with the focal length (f 2) of the cylindrical lenses (54) (f 1 ) In the same direction. Therefore, the ratio of the focal length f 1 of the first cylindrical lens 52 to the focal length f 2 of the second cylindrical lens 54 is changed so that the major axis diameter b of the elliptical cross- (a) can be adjusted. If the ratio of the major axis diameter (a) to the minor axis diameter (b) of the elliptical cross section is excessively large, the weldability is deteriorated. Therefore, the ratio of the major axis diameter (a) to the minor axis diameter (b) of the elliptical cross section is preferably between 2 and 3, but is not limited thereto.

FIGS. 9 to 11 are a plan view, a perspective view, and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of the base materials each showing an aspect of butt welding the base materials using the laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the end faces F 1a and F 2a of the base materials F 1 and F 2 arranged so that the end faces F 1a and F 2a are in contact with each other 1a ) (F 2a ), but the end faces (F 1a ) and (F 2a ) are continuously joined without a broken portion. Therefore, the laser beams B 6 are irradiated onto the base materials F 1 and F 2 so that the centers of the beam spots B s are located at the end faces F 1a and F 2a , It is necessary to irradiate the adjacent beam spots B s so as to overlap in the extending direction of the end faces F 1a and F 2a , that is, in the welding direction.

When the beam spots B s are superimposed in the minor axis direction of the elliptical section, the end faces F 1a and F 2 a are more preferable than the beam spots B s in the long axis direction of the elliptical section, A large number of beam spots B s are required. Therefore, the beam spots (B s) for the case of overlap in the short axis direction of the elliptic cross section, the beam spots (B s) with no choice but to slow down the speed of the laser welding than in the case of superposing the long axis of the elliptical cross-section. 5, the first circumferential lens 52 is disposed such that the center line 52b of the circumferential surface 52a is parallel to the welding direction, and the second circumferential lens 54 is disposed on the circumferential surface 54a. It is preferable that the center line 54b of the guide plate 54 is parallel to the direction perpendicular to the welding direction.

Then, the as shown in Fig. 9, the beam spot (B s) center of the end face of the (F 1a) (F 2a) situated in the, longitudinal direction with the end face of the elliptical cross-section of the (F 1a) (F 2a) of the extending direction, that is, the welding direction is parallel to the fixed form can be a cross-sectional shape of the laser beam (B 6). 9 and 10, when the laser head 60 is moved in the major axis direction of the elliptical cross section by using a head driver (not shown), the laser beam B 6 is focused on adjacent beam spots B s ) are irradiated on the base materials F 1 (F 2 ) so as to overlap in the major axis direction of the elliptical cross section. Here, the overlap ratio of the beam spots B s is determined by the ratio of the major axis diameter a to the minor axis diameter b of the elliptical section, the moving speed of the laser head 60, The frequency of the laser beam B 1 , and the like.

The surface at the center of the beam spot (B s) end (F 1a) (F 2a) located in, the beam spots (B s) the laser beam (B 6) The base material to be overlapped with the welding direction are adjacent to each other ( F 1 ) (F 2 ), the end faces (F 1a ) and (F 2a ) are continuously melted and joined without interrupted portions along the welding direction. The depth of application of the end faces (F 1a ) and (F 2a ) is not particularly limited. For example, the laser beam (B 6) as shown in Figure 11, the when the end surface to a slightly higher portion than the base material of (F 1) (F 2) (F 1a) (F 2a) is melted (F 1 ) (F 2 ) to be bonded to each other.

The laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the laser beam B 6 is formed into a elliptical cross sectional shape having a long length in the welding direction and a short length in the direction perpendicular to the welding direction It can be shaped. Therefore, the laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be concentrated as much as possible to the laser beam, the single energy welding is made face of (B 6), (F 1a) (F 2a), stage the surface (F 1a) (F 2a) it is possible to minimize the energy of the laser beam (B 6) applied to the peripheral regions of the. Therefore, the laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a high energy efficiency and can reduce the thermal deformation of the peripheral region of the end faces F 1a (F 2a ) due to the laser beam B 6 It can be minimized.

The major axis diameter a of the beam spot B s of the laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is set such that the laser beam has a circular cross- It is longer than the diameter. Therefore, the laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is different from the conventional laser welding apparatus in that the laser beams B 6 are irradiated to the base materials F 1 and F 2 at equal intervals The overlap rate of beam spots B s adjacent to each other can not be increased. Therefore, the laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as compared with conventional laser welding apparatus, the same beam spot (B s), the beam spot (B s) required to implement the overlap rate of the The number of laser welding is reduced, and thus the laser welding speed is advantageous.

12 is a flowchart for explaining a laser welding method using a laser welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a butt joint welding method using the laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 4 and 12. Fig.

First, a laser beam B 1 having a circular sectional shape is generated from the oscillation unit 10 and oscillated (S 10). The laser beam B 1 emitted from the oscillation unit 10 is diverged at a small angle and transmitted to the collimator unit 20.

Next, the laser beam B 1 transmitted to the collimator unit 20 is shaped into parallel light B2 by the collimator unit 20 (S 20). The laser beam B 2 shaped into the parallel light beam B2 is transmitted to the beam expanding unit 40 while the optical path is changed by the reflector 30.

Thereafter, the laser beam B2 transmitted from the beam expanding unit 40 is enlarged in diameter at a predetermined ratio by the beam expanding unit 40 (S30). The laser beam B 4 whose diameter is enlarged by the beam magnifying unit 40 is transmitted to the first cylindrical lens 52 of the irradiation unit.

Next, the laser beam B 4 transmitted to the first cylindrical lens 52 of the irradiation unit 50 is focused on the long axis of the elliptical section by the first cylindrical lens 52 (S 40). The first cylindrical lens 52 is provided so that the center line 52b of the circumferential surface 52a is parallel to the welding direction of the base materials F 1 and F 2 so that the first cylindrical lens 52 passes through the first cylindrical lens 52 The laser beam B 5 is shaped such that the major axis direction of the elliptical section is parallel to the welding direction. The laser beam B 5 having passed through the first cylindrical lens 52 is focused on the major axis of the elliptical section and is transmitted to the second cylindrical lens 54 of the irradiation unit 50.

Thereafter, the laser beam B 5 transmitted to the second cylindrical lens 54 of the irradiation unit 50 is focused on the minor axis of the elliptical cross section by the second cylindrical lens 54 (S50). Since the second cylindrical lens 54 is installed such that the center line (54b) of the peripheral surface (54a) perpendicular to the welding direction of the base material in (F 1) (F 2), this one because of passing through the second cylindrical lens (54) a laser beam (B 6) are shaped such that the welding direction of the short axis direction and the base material (F 1) (F 2) having an elongated elliptic section vertical. The laser beam B 6 having passed through the second cylindrical lens 54 is continuously converged about the long axis of the elliptical section and converged about the short axis of the elliptical section. Thus, the second laser beam irradiated to the cylindrical lens (54) through the base material (F 1) (F 2) (B 6) is, in the direction of the major axis of the oval cross-section the base (F 1) (F 2) And has a elliptical cross-sectional shape in which the minor axis direction of the elliptic section is perpendicular to the welding direction of the base materials (F 1 ) and (F 2 ).

In the state where the laser beam is shaped so as to have an elliptical cross-sectional shape, the end faces F 1a (F 2a ) of the base materials F 1 (F 2 ) where the centers of the beam spots B s are in contact with each other The beam spots B s adjacent to each other are superimposed with a predetermined overlapping ratio to form the base materials F 1 (F 1 ) F 2 ) is performed (S 60).

13 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a laser welding apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

13, the laser welding apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a base material F 1 (F 2 ) arranged vertically stacked so as to overlap at least a part thereof, A collimator unit 10 for generating a circular laser beam B 1 and oscillating the laser beam B 1 ; a collimator unit 10 for converting the laser beam B 1 emitted from the oscillation unit 10 into parallel light B 2 ; the laser beam path is changed by 20), a collimator reflector reflects unit (laser beam (B 2) having passed through the 20) for changing the path of the laser beam (B 2) (30), reflectors (30) (B 2 And a laser beam B 4 whose diameter has been enlarged by the beam expanding unit 40 are shaped so as to have an elliptical cross sectional shape and a laser beam shaped into an elliptical cross sectional shape The irradiation of the overlapping portion F o of the base materials F 1 and F 2 by irradiating the beam B 6 onto the base materials F 1 and F 2 Unit 50 as shown in FIG.

Since the laser welding apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is for lap seam welding the overlapped portions F o of the parent materials F 1 and F 2 stacked up and down, s (F 1a) (F 2a) to a first embodiment of the present invention that the end face of the (F 1a) (F 2a) of the base material in (F 1) (F 2) arranged to be in contact with each other butt seam welding And the remaining constitutions are the same as those of the laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the same contents as those of the laser welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be omitted, or the description thereof will be omitted or briefly described. The laser welding apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention Will be described.

On the other hand, the number of layers of the base materials F 1 (F 2 ) that can be overlapped seam welded using the laser welding apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited. 13, a pair of base materials F 1 and F 2 , that is, a first base material F 1 and a second base material F 2 are vertically stacked so as to overlap a part of the first base material F 1 and the second base material F 2 , The laser welding apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

14 is a perspective view of the irradiation unit of the laser welding apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

A laser beam B 6 is used to overlap the overlapping portion F o of the first base material F 1 and the second base material F 2 stacked up and down such that at least a part thereof overlaps the beam spot B s Is irradiated onto the base materials F 1 and F 2 so that the centers of the beam spots B s are located at the overlapping portions F o of the base materials F 1 and F 2 , It should be irradiated so as to overlap in the overlapping direction of the base materials (F 1 ) and (F 2 ), that is, in the welding direction. Therefore, the first agent from the cylindrical lens 52 is to the center line (52b) of the peripheral surface (52a) doedoe is parallel with the welding direction, a base material as shown in Figure 14 (F 1) (F 2) And is spaced apart from the focal length f 1 of the one-column lens 52. In addition, the second cylindrical lens 54, from the doedoe, installation constitute the center line (54b), the welding direction perpendicular to the peripheral surface (54a) as described, the base material (F 1) (F 2) shown in Figure 14 (F 2 ) of the second cylindrical lens 54.

Further, the first and second cylindrical lenses 52 and 54 are provided so as to have the same focal position. The exact location of the focal point of the first cylindrical lens 52 and the second cylindrical lens 54 is not particularly limited, and a first base material (F 1) and the second material of the base material (F 2), and a first base material (F 1) and the second base material (F 2) according to the characteristics of the laser transmissivity and absorption rate when the first base material (F1) the second base material (F 2) from the upper surface of the can be determined between.

15 to 17 are a plan view, a perspective view, and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of the base materials each showing an aspect of lap welding of the base materials using the laser welding apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, Sectional view of a base material showing another aspect of lap welding of base materials using a laser welding apparatus according to the present invention.

The center line 52b of the circumferential surface 52a of the first circumferential lens 52 is parallel to the welding direction and the center line 54b of the circumferential surface 54a of the second circumferential lens 54 is perpendicular to the welding direction since the formed installation can be shaped so as to have the laser beam (B 6) with the cross-sectional shape of the long axis direction and the welding direction of the elliptical cross-section parallel to the ellipse. Therefore, as shown in Figs. 15 and 16, after the laser head 60 is arranged to correspond to the overlapped portion F o of the base materials F 1 and F 2 , the laser head 60 is moved at a predetermined speed in the welding direction when, it is irradiated with a laser beam (B 6) are adjacent to each other in the beam spot (B s) of the base material so as to overlap with a predetermined overlap ratio to welding direction (F 1) (F 2) .

Then, the first base material F 1 is heated and melted by the energy received from the laser beam B 6 , and the second base material F 2 is incident on the first base material F 1 through the holes formed by melting the first base material F 1 . By the heat transmitted from the laser beam B 6 or the first base material F 1 . Therefore, the molten first base material F 1 and the second base material F 2 are bonded to each other, whereby overlapping seam welding is performed on the first base material F 1 and the second base material F 2 . Here, the laser beam (B 6), as shown in Figure 17, the first preferred that the irradiation with the top and bottom and a second degree of intensity of the melted limited upper portion only of the base material (F 2) of the base (F 1) But is not limited thereto.

By the way, the first base material (F 1) has a material of the synthetic resin of the laser transmissivity is high, the second base material (F 2) is the case with the material of the synthetic resin of the laser absorptivity is high, the laser beam (B 6) has an upper by passing through the first base material (F 1) located in it is incident on the top surface of the second base material (F 2) that faces the lower face of the first base material (F 1). Then, the second base material (F2) is the melt is heated due to the energy received from the laser beam (B 6), a first base material (F 1) is melted and heated by the heat transmitted from the second base material (F 2) . Therefore, the molten first base material F 1 and the second base material F 2 are bonded to each other, whereby overlapping seam welding is performed on the first base material F 1 and the second base material F 2 . A laser beam (B 6) is preferably irradiated to a degree the intensity of only the upper portion of the first base material (F 1) the bottom and the second base material (F 2) in contact with each other to be melt limited as shown in FIG. 18 But is not limited thereto.

The laser welding apparatuses 1 and 2 according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention have been described as being applied to butt joint welding and overlapped seam welding, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the present invention, the butt or overlap addition may be used to weld the base material in (F 1) (F 2) arranged to be contacted in a variety of forms, seam welding in addition to the base material in (F 1) (F 2) a contact area And can also be used for spot welding in which welding is intermittently performed.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the details thereof and that various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. And various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims.

1: laser welding device 10: oscillation unit
20: collimator unit 30: reflector
40: beam expanding unit 50: irradiation unit
52: first circumference lens 54: second circumference lens
60: laser head F 1 : first base material
F 2 : Second base material

Claims (9)

CLAIMS 1. A laser welding apparatus for welding a contact portion of base materials arranged such that at least a portion thereof is in contact,
A oscillation unit which generates and oscillates a laser beam having a circular sectional shape;
A collimator unit for converting the laser beam emitted from the oscillation unit into parallel light; And
Wherein the laser beam passing through the collimator unit is shaped into a cross section of an ellipse having a major axis perpendicular to the minor axis and the minor axis and a shaping member capable of changing at least one of the major axis diameter of the cross section of the ellipse and the minor axis diameter of the cross section of the ellipse And an irradiation unit for irradiating at least one of the base materials with the laser beam to weld the contact portion. The method according to claim 1,
The irradiation unit
Wherein the laser beam is irradiated to at least one of the base materials in a welding direction parallel to the major axis direction of the elliptical cross section. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the shaping member comprises:
A first circumferential lens focusing the laser beam passing through the collimator unit at a predetermined ratio centering on a long axis of the elliptical section; And
And a second circumferential lens disposed between the first circumferential lens and the first circumferential lens and perpendicular to the first circumferential lens with respect to a center axis of the laser beam, And a second circumferential lens converging at a predetermined ratio. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the first cylindrical lens and the second cylindrical lens each have a predetermined focal distance and are arranged to have the same focal position with respect to each other. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the ratio of the major axis diameter to the minor axis diameter of the elliptical cross section is adjustable. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the ratio is adjustable by changing a ratio of a focal length of the first cylindrical lens to a focal length of the second cylindrical lens. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the ratio of the major axis diameter to the minor axis diameter of the elliptical cross section is between 2 and 3. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a beam magnifying unit provided between the collimator unit and the irradiation unit, for enlarging the diameter of the laser beam passed through the collimator unit and transmitting the enlarged diameter to the irradiation unit. In the eighth aspect,
The beam expanding unit includes:
A concave lens for emitting a laser beam transmitted from the collimator unit; And
And a convex lens for converting the laser beam emitted by the concave lens into parallel light.
KR1020150047666A 2014-09-05 2015-04-03 Laser welding device KR20160029638A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020140118965 2014-09-05
KR20140118965 2014-09-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
KR20160029638A true KR20160029638A (en) 2016-03-15

Family

ID=55542183

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
KR1020150047666A KR20160029638A (en) 2014-09-05 2015-04-03 Laser welding device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
KR (1) KR20160029638A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190016127A (en) * 2016-07-01 2019-02-15 선파워 코포레이션 Laser technology for foil-based metallization of solar cells

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190016127A (en) * 2016-07-01 2019-02-15 선파워 코포레이션 Laser technology for foil-based metallization of solar cells

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR101906030B1 (en) Method and device for welding two thermoplastic parts to be joined along a weld seam by means of a laser
JP6799755B2 (en) Laser welding method
US8404994B2 (en) Laser beam welding device and method
JP5836133B2 (en) Method and apparatus for adjusting laser beam spot for processing
DK2747984T3 (en) A method and apparatus for laser welding two plastic parts to be joined
JP2005088585A (en) Method and apparatus for joining components by laser beam
US20170182592A1 (en) Systems and methods for welding workpieces using a laser beam and optical reflectors
JP2001334578A (en) Method for welding resin by laser
KR101416411B1 (en) Laser welder
JP6863050B2 (en) Laser welding method and laser welding equipment
JP4378634B2 (en) Butt laser welding method and butt laser welding apparatus
US20050205534A1 (en) Single and dual lensed optical waveguide for uniform welding
JP5497466B2 (en) Manufacturing method of resin molded products
JP3515003B2 (en) Laser fusion method
ES2248672T3 (en) LASER WELDING PROCEDURE FOR STRUCTURED PLASTICS.
KR20160029638A (en) Laser welding device
JP2009195964A (en) Laser arc composite welding head
JPH11104877A (en) Method for high speed weaving of laser beam
JP2013196891A (en) Method of manufacturing vehicle lamp
CN115815806A (en) Laser welding device
CN214602523U (en) Integral annular belt laser welding device
JP3430834B2 (en) Welding method and welding apparatus using the same
JP3868116B2 (en) Laser processing head
JP4584683B2 (en) Condensing head for laser welding
JP3500227B2 (en) YAG laser processing equipment

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A201 Request for examination
E902 Notification of reason for refusal
E601 Decision to refuse application