KR20160018044A

KR20160018044A - Integrated control system for the carbon dioxide capture and storage

Info

Publication number: KR20160018044A
Application number: KR1020140101943A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 이종민; 한종훈; 김성호; 박태균; 이석구; 웅 이
Original assignee: 서울대학교산학협력단
Priority date: 2014-08-07
Filing date: 2014-08-07
Publication date: 2016-02-17

Abstract

A CCS integrated control system is provided. The CCS integrated control system includes a CCS integrated control system that controls the type of the power plant, the generation capacity, the raw material, the combustion method, the collection method, the collection rate, the rich amine loading value, the transportation method, An amount of power generation loss, an effective power generation amount, renewable energy, collected carbon dioxide, an absorbent replacement cost, a membrane replacement cost, a liquid carbon dioxide, a compression energy, a transportation cost, A calculation unit for calculating a result including at least one of an installation cost, a boosting point, a use period, a minimum injection pressure, and an injection energy, and an output unit for outputting the resultant value.

Description

[0001] INTEGRATED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THE CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE AND STORAGE [0002]

The present invention relates to a CCS integrated control system.

The amount of energy consumed by fossil fuels is increasing every year. As a result, emissions of carbon dioxide, a representative greenhouse gas, are increasing. Developed countries and other countries around the world are carrying out various researches on carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) processes in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

The CCS process refers to a technique for collecting and storing carbon dioxide, such as a power plant or a steel mill, in a place where carbon dioxide is generated, using an absorbent and a separation membrane before being discharged to the atmosphere. The CCS process can be divided into a capture step at a source where carbon dioxide is emitted, a carbon dioxide compression step, a carbon dioxide transport step, and a carbon dioxide storage step. Since the CCS process itself consumes a lot of energy, an overall control system is required to operate the CCS process efficiently.

The existing CCS process control system controls each stage of the CCS process independently. In order to obtain optimized process control parameters, there is a problem that it is necessary to perform simulation with much time and cost. Therefore, it is necessary to study and develop a system capable of predicting optimized parameters for controlling the entire CCS process and evaluating the cost and energy required for CCS process operation.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a system that can integrate and control all CCS processes.

Other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

The CCS integrated control system according to embodiments of the present invention can be applied to a CCS integrated control system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. , An input unit for setting an input value including at least one of a pipe transportation distance, a storage location, a capacity, and an injection amount, an exhaust gas generation amount, an effective power generation amount, renewable energy, A calculation unit for calculating a result including at least one of carbon dioxide, compressed energy, transportation cost, installation cost, boosting point, service life, minimum injection pressure, and injection energy, and an output unit for outputting the resultant value.

The CCS integrated control system may further include a database including a data portion having at least one of cost information, location information, and geological information, and a storage portion for storing the input value and the result value.

Wherein the input unit includes a carbon dioxide capture step, a transport system, a carbon dioxide compression step, a carbon dioxide capture step, a carbon dioxide capture step, a carbon dioxide capture step, a carbon dioxide capture step, The vessel size, the vessel transport distance, the pipe transport distance may include items in which the carbon dioxide transporting process and the storage, the location, the capacity, and the injection amount are divided into carbon dioxide storage processes.

The input unit may input the input value in at least one of a click-and-drop method, a direct input method, and a record loading method.

The plant type may include an input option including at least one of a coal-fired power plant, a natural gas plant, and a coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC).

The collection mode may include an input option including one or more of wet, dry, and membrane.

The collection rate may include an input option of 80% or more and 100% or less.

The RAL value may include an input option of 0.4 to 0.5.

The combustion mode may include one or more input options of a pure oxygen combustion and an air combustion mode.

The transport system may include one or more input options of a pipeline and a vessel, and the refrigerant may include one or more input options of its own refrigerant and an external refrigerant.

The off-gas may include one or more outcome options of the flow rate, temperature, pressure, and composition of the main components of the off-gas generated in the power plant.

The captured carbon dioxide may include one or more result options of the flow rate, temperature, pressure, carbon dioxide and water composition of the captured carbon dioxide.

The operation unit may include a receiving unit receiving the input value, a function unit including a function of calculating the result value corresponding to at least one of the input values, and an optimization unit optimizing the result value.

The input unit can be automatically input in association with actual process data.

The output unit may further include a summarizing unit that outputs one or more process scenarios including the input value and the result value.

The output unit may further include a graph representing the process scenario.

The operation unit may analyze the pattern of the input option corresponding to the process scenario.

The present invention provides a system for calculating optimized cost and energy that can be integrated and controlled in the pre-CCS process.

When a user who designs a CCS process inputs a condition, scenarios that reflect the various options available, and economic evaluation obtained as an optimization result, can be efficiently performed.

Users can quickly and easily identify the key indicators of energy requirements, costs, and processes for their choice. It is also possible to compare and evaluate process scenarios that are not selected by them.

Users can save time and money because they do not have to go through the existing process design and simulation process.

1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a CCS integrated control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view illustrating an input unit of the CCS integrated control system according to an embodiment of the present invention, by process items.
3 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing an operation unit of a CCS integrated control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 shows an output unit of the CCS integrated control system according to an embodiment of the present invention in terms of process items.
FIG. 5 shows a summary of a CCS integrated control system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the SC is an abbreviation of a scenario.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be easily understood by the following embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but may be embodied in other forms. The embodiments disclosed herein are provided so that the disclosure may be thorough and complete, and that those skilled in the art will be able to convey the spirit of the invention to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited by the following examples.

The process scenarios used herein may be defined as concepts that include virtual conditions, processes, and results that can occur in a process.

The CCS process used herein can be defined as the concept of a carbon dioxide capture and storage system. In one embodiment of the present invention, the CCS process is divided into five steps: a carbon dioxide emission source process, a carbon dioxide capture process, a carbon dioxide compression process, a carbon dioxide transportation process, and a carbon dioxide storage process.

The CCS process will be described in more detail. The CCS process includes a fossil fuel power plant, a cogeneration plant, a general power plant, a recovery boiler, a lime kiln, a fermentation process in the production of ethanol, A flue gas stream from the pulp industry, biomass gasification related processes, and the like.

The carbon dioxide capture step is a step of collecting the carbon dioxide discharged from the emission source, and includes a post-combustion collection, a pre-combustion collection, and a pure oxygen combustion collection process. The post-combustion trapping and the pre-combustion trapping process adsorbs and desorbs the carbon dioxide using an absorbent or a membrane to separate carbon dioxide. The absorbent includes a wet absorbent and a dry absorbent. The wet absorbent includes mono ethanol amine (MEA), diethanol amine (DEA), triethanolamine (TEA), methyldiethanol amine (MDEA), diisopropanolamine (DIPA), and 2-amino- -propanol), and an absorbing solution such as aqueous ammonia, potassium carbonate aqueous solution and the like. The dry absorbent may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a dry amine or the like. In addition to the wet and dry absorbent, the absorbent may include ZIFs (Zeolite Imidazolate Frames) and COFs (Covalent Organic Frameworks), which are MOF (metal-organic framework) absorbents. The membrane is a separation membrane that selectively permeates the carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas of the source, and includes various kinds of ionic liquid membranes depending on their physicochemical properties. The pure oxygen combustion collecting process uses pure oxygen as an oxidizing agent instead of air to condense water vapor and collect high concentration of carbon dioxide.

The carbon dioxide compression process is a compression and liquefaction process after the carbon dioxide is captured.

The carbon dioxide transporting step is a step of transporting the carbon dioxide using a pipeline, a ship, or the like.

The carbon dioxide storing process isolates and stores the carbon dioxide in the storage, such as underground storage, ocean storage, and surface storage. Wherein the underground storage includes a method of injecting the carbon dioxide into an underground geological layer, wherein the ocean storage includes a method of spraying the carbon dioxide to the seabed and storing it in the form of hydrate or the like, And a method of chemically storing the same mineral by reacting the carbon dioxide. The reservoir may be used to include an area within the geological layer, surface, and injection facilities used for the storage of the carbon dioxide.

1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a CCS integrated control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the CCS integrated control system may include an input unit 100, an operation unit 200, an output unit 300, a database 400, and a network 500. When one or more input values are input in the input unit 100, the operation unit 200 calculates a result value, and the output unit 300 selects at least one of the result value, the process scenario, and the graph according to the process scenario .

The input unit 100 inputs and outputs data in one or more of a click-and-drop method for clicking the input value to select an input option, a direct input method for creating a corresponding input option, and a record loading method for loading a previously input value can do.

The operation unit 200 calculates the result including the cost generated when the CCS process is operated based on the input value, an index indicating the state of the process, and the like.

The output unit 300 outputs the result value, and can output a process scenario as a table or a graph when the user desires.

The database 400 may include a data portion 410 and a storage portion 420.

The data part 410 has one or more basic information of cost information, location information, and geological information. The basic information may be referred to when the calculation unit 200 calculates the result value. The cost information includes market price information such as the cost of carbon dioxide absorbent (trapping agent, adsorbent), membrane (membrane) cost of carbon dioxide separation, pipeline cost, transportation cost, energy cost information necessary for operating the CCS plant, Information, and personnel cost information. The location information includes movement distance information, GPS information, and GIS information necessary for transporting and storing the carbon dioxide captured in the CCS plant. The geological information includes geographical information, rock type information, ecological information, and the like.

The storage unit 420 stores the input value, the result 200 of the operation unit 200 and the calculation process thereof, the result value output from the output unit 300, the process scenario, and the graph of the process scenario .

The network 500 can exchange information with the database 400 in real time. If the network 500 and the database 400 are connected, the database 400 can serve as a cloud.

FIG. 2 illustrates an input unit 200 of a CCS integrated control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the input unit 200 may input the input values for each process item. The process items may include a carbon dioxide emission source process, a carbon dioxide capture process, a carbon dioxide compression process, a carbon dioxide transportation process, and a carbon dioxide storage process, and the process items may be freely changed as the CCS process is developed.

More specifically, the carbon dioxide source process item includes one or more input values of a plant type, a generation capacity, a raw material, and a combustion mode. The type of the power plant has an input option including a coal-fired power plant, a natural gas power plant, and a coal gasification combined power plant (IGCC). The power generation capacity can be set in the case where the carbon dioxide emission source is an energy generating plant and is in MW units. The raw material has an input option for setting the type of coal used as a raw material in the carbon dioxide emission source. The combustion mode has an input option including pure oxygen combustion and air combustion in the case of a natural gas power plant.

The carbon dioxide capture process item includes at least one of the capture mode, the capture rate, and the RAL value. The capture method is a method for capturing carbon dioxide and has the input option including a wet capture method, a dry capture method, and a membrane capture method. The capture rate is related to the efficiency with which carbon dioxide is captured and has the input option to set a value between 80 and 100%. The RAL value is set to a Rich Amine Loading value in the case of a wet capture method and has the input option to set a value of 0.4 to 0.5.

The carbon dioxide compression process item includes one or more input values of the transport system and the refrigerant. The transportation system has the input option for one or more of pipelines, vessels. The refrigerant has the input option including at least one of its own refrigerant and an external refrigerant.

The carbon dioxide transportation process item includes at least one of the ship size, the ship transportation distance, and the pipe transportation distance. When the ship is used to store carbon dioxide in the ocean, the ship scale can set carbon dioxide shipping capacity information of the ship. The ship transport distance can set a distance to be transported to the ship. The pipe transport distance can set a distance for transporting carbon dioxide to the transport pipe.

The carbon dioxide storage process item includes one or more input values of the storage, the location, the capacity, and the injection amount. The reservoir means a place where the carbon dioxide is stored, and has an input option including underground and ocean. The position is an index indicating the depth at which the reservoir is located, and can be set in units of km. The capacity represents the storage capacity of the storage, and can be set in units of ton of CO2. The injection amount represents the amount of carbon dioxide injected into the reservoir and can be set in units of ton of CO2.

Table 1 summarizes the following.

Process item Input value Input options Remarks Carbon Dioxide Source Process Type of plant Coal-fired power plant, natural gas power plant, coal gasification combined power generation (IGCC) Generation capacity Unit: MW Raw material Combustion method Oxygen combustion, air combustion Carbon dioxide capture process Collection method Wet, Dry, Membrane Collection rate 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% RAL value 0.45, 0.46, 0.47, 0.48, 0.49, 0.50 Carbon dioxide compression process Transportation method Pipeline, vessel Refrigerant Self-refrigerant, external refrigerant Carbon dioxide transportation process Ship scale Shipping distance Pipe transportation distance Carbon dioxide storage process Storage Underground, ocean location Unit: km Volume Unit: ton of CO2 Dose Unit: ton of CO2

3 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing an operation unit 200 of a CCS integrated control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3, the operation unit 200 may include a receiving unit 210, a function unit 220, and an optimizing unit 230.

The receiving unit 210 receives the input values input from the input unit 100 and the basic information stored in the database 400. The values received from the receiver 210 are substituted into a corresponding function of the function unit 220. The optimization unit 230 optimizes and checks the resultant value calculated by the function unit 220 in the CCS process, and transmits the optimized result to the output unit 300.

FIG. 4 illustrates an output unit 300 of a CCS integrated control system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 illustrates a summary unit 310 of a CCS integrated control system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. .

4 and 5, the output unit 300 may output the result value for each process item, and the process item includes the result value indicating a process index that can control and set each process And the result values may each include a result option. The output unit 300 will be described in more detail as follows.

The carbon dioxide emission source process item includes at least one of the exhaust gas, the power generation loss, and the effective generation amount. The exhaust gas has a result option including the composition of the flow rate, temperature, pressure, and major components of the exhaust gas generated in the power plant.

The carbon dioxide capture process item may include one or more of the following values: renewable energy, captured carbon dioxide, absorbent replacement cost, membrane replacement cost. The regenerated energy is regenerated energy of the absorbent, and can be set in units of GJ / ton of CO2. The captured carbon dioxide includes at least one of the result options of the flow rate, temperature, pressure, carbon dioxide and water composition of the carbon dioxide. The absorbent replacement cost represents the cost of replacing the absorbent used to collect the carbon dioxide and has a result option including wet and dry. The membrane replacement cost represents the replacement cost when the membrane is used to capture the carbon dioxide.

The carbon dioxide compaction process item includes at least one of the following values: liquid carbon dioxide, compressed energy. The liquid carbon dioxide has the result option including at least one of a flow rate, a temperature, a pressure, and a moisture content when liquefied and transported the collected carbon dioxide. The compression energy represents the energy required to compress and liquefy the carbon dioxide and can be set in units of GJ / ton of CO2.

The carbon dioxide transportation process item includes at least one of a transportation cost, an installation cost, and a boosting point. The transportation cost has the result option including at least one of the ship and the pipeline, and can be set in units of yuan / year. The installation cost represents the installation cost when the pipeline is selected, and can be set in units of round / conference. The boosting point represents boosting point information added to increase the pressure in the pipe when the pipeline is transported.

The carbon dioxide storage process item includes at least one of a usage period, a minimum injection pressure, and an injection energy. The lifetime represents a period during which the storage can be used. The minimum injection pressure represents the minimum pressure required to inject the carbon dioxide into the reservoir. The injection energy represents the energy required to inject the carbon dioxide into the reservoir.

Table 2 summarizes the following.

Process item Result value Result Options Remarks Carbon Dioxide Source Process Exhaust gas Exhaust gas flow rate, temperature, pressure, composition of major components Power generation loss Unit: MW Effective power generation Unit: MW Carbon dioxide capture process renewable energy Unit: GJ / ton of CO2 Collected carbon dioxide The composition of the flow rate, temperature, pressure, carbon dioxide and water of the captured carbon dioxide Absorbent Replacement Cost Wet, dry Membrane Replacement Cost Carbon dioxide compression process Liquid carbon dioxide Flow rate, temperature, pressure, water content output of liquid carbon dioxide for transport Compression energy Unit: GJ / ton of CO2 Carbon dioxide transportation process Transportation cost Ship, Pipeline Unit: Yuan / year Installation cost Unit: Yuan / s Boosting point Carbon dioxide storage process Use light Minimum injection pressure Injection energy

The summarization unit 310 summarizes the input values and the result values in the process scenario and outputs them as a table or a graph. The summarization unit 310 may include the process scenario in which the CCS process can be operated in a minimum cost and optimal condition in addition to the input values input by the user. Therefore, the economics of the process scenarios are evaluated Can be analyzed. For example, if the required cost of the CCS process desired by the user is 50 and the required cost can not be set to 50 as the input value, the summarizing unit 310 calculates the optimum cost The scenario is output and displayed.

100: input unit 200:
210: receiving unit 220: function unit
230: Optimization unit 300: Output unit
310: Summary part 400: Database
410: data part 420: storage part
500: Network

Claims

One of river type, power generation capacity, raw material, combustion method, collection method, collection ratio, RAL (Rich Amine Loading) value, transportation system, refrigerant, ship scale, ship transportation distance, pipe transportation distance, storage location, capacity, An input unit for setting an input value including the above;
One of carbon dioxide, compressed energy, transportation cost, installation cost, boosting point, service life, minimum injection pressure, injection energy, exhaust gas, generation loss, effective power generation, renewable energy, captured carbon dioxide, An operation unit for calculating a result value including the above;
And an output unit for outputting the resultant value.

The method according to claim 1,
A data portion having at least one of cost information, location information, and geological information; and
And a storage unit for storing the input value and the result value.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the input unit comprises:
The type of the power plant, the power generation capacity, the raw material, and the combustion method may include a carbon dioxide emission source process;
The collection method, the collection rate, and the RAL value are a carbon dioxide collection step;
The transportation system, the refrigerant may be a carbon dioxide compression process;
The vessel size, the vessel transport distance, and the pipe transport distance may be carbon dioxide transport processes; And
Wherein the storage, the location, the capacity, and the injection amount include process items divided into carbon dioxide storage processes.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the input unit comprises:
Wherein the input value is input through at least one of a click-and-drop method, a direct input method, and a record loading method.

The method according to claim 1,
The above-
A coal-fired power plant, a natural gas plant, and an integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC).

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the combustion system comprises at least one input option of a pure oxygen combustion and an air combustion system.

The method according to claim 1,
In the above collecting method,
A wet, a dry, and a membrane.

The method according to claim 1,
The collection rate
And an input option of 80 to 100%.

The method according to claim 1,
The RAL value,
And an input option of 0.4 to 0.5 inclusive.

The method according to claim 1,
In the transportation system,
A pipeline, and a vessel,
The refrigerant,
Wherein the at least one input option comprises at least one of a self-refrigerant and an external refrigerant.

The method according to claim 1,
The exhaust gas may include,
A resultant option of at least one of the flow rate, temperature, pressure, and composition of the major components of the off-gas generated in the power plant.

The method according to claim 1,
The captured carbon dioxide is,
A resultant option of at least one of the flow rate, temperature, pressure, carbon dioxide and water composition of the captured carbon dioxide.

The method according to claim 1,
The operation unit,
A receiving unit for receiving the input value;
And a function for calculating the result value corresponding to at least one of the input values; And
And an optimization unit for optimizing the result value.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the input unit comprises:
And is automatically input in association with actual process data.

The method according to claim 1,
The output unit includes:
Further comprising a summarizing unit for outputting at least one process scenario including the input value and the resultant value.

16. The method of claim 15,
The output unit includes:
Further comprising a graph showing the process scenario.

16. The method of claim 15,
The operation unit,
And analyzes the pattern of the input option corresponding to the process scenario.