KR20160011118A - Anti-bacterial film for agricultule - Google Patents

Anti-bacterial film for agricultule Download PDF

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KR20160011118A
KR20160011118A KR1020140092203A KR20140092203A KR20160011118A KR 20160011118 A KR20160011118 A KR 20160011118A KR 1020140092203 A KR1020140092203 A KR 1020140092203A KR 20140092203 A KR20140092203 A KR 20140092203A KR 20160011118 A KR20160011118 A KR 20160011118A
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agricultural film
polymer
film
copper nanoparticles
present
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KR1020140092203A
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Korean (ko)
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김립
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주식회사 스마트나노
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Publication of KR20160011118A publication Critical patent/KR20160011118A/en

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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Abstract

The present invention relates to an agricultural film of which antibacterial properties are added to an existing agricultural film and, more specifically, to an agricultural film which is molded via dispersion of copper nanoparticles having the average particle diameter of 1-10 nm onto a polymer in a content of 0.001-1 wt%, in order to add antibacterial properties. According to the present invention, the agricultural film exhibits 99.5% of antibacterial properties against strains of Staphylococcus aureus.

Description

항균성 농업용 필름{ANTI-BACTERIAL FILM FOR AGRICULTULE}ANTI-BACTERIAL FILM FOR AGRICULTULE

본 발명은 구리 나노입자를 함유한 농업용 필름에 관한 것이다. 더욱 상세하게는 1 내지 10 nm의 구리 나노입자를 폴리머에 분산시켜 필름으로 성형하는 방식으로 제조되는, 항균성이 증가된 농업용 필름에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to an agricultural film containing copper nanoparticles. More specifically, the present invention relates to an agricultural film having increased antimicrobial activity, which is produced by dispersing 1 to 10 nm of copper nanoparticles in a polymer and molding the same into a film.

비닐하우스는 농업용 필름으로 외부를 가린 온실로서, 농작물의 생육이 어려운 수준으로 기온이 낮은 계절에 채소류 및 화훼류를 재배하기 위해 일반적으로 사용되고 있다.
Greenhouse is a greenhouse covered with agricultural film, which is generally used for cultivating vegetables and flowers in low temperature season, where crops are difficult to grow.

종래 사용되는 농업용 필름은 지면이나 작물로부터 증발된 수분이 그 표면에 응결되는 현상에 의해 축축한 상태가 유지되는 경우가 많아 미생물이 생육 번식할 수 있는 환경에 놓이게 된다. 농업용 필름 표면에 번식된 미생물의 양이 커질수록 작물에 해로운 병출해의 발생량이 증가해지는 문제가 있다. 또한 미생물 군집의 부착에 의해 물방울 형성이 촉진될 수 있고, 필름의 광 투과도가 저하되며 필름을 구성하는 폴리머 소재의 변성이 진행되어 농작물 재배에 지장을 줄 수 있다.
Conventionally used agricultural films are often kept in a moist state due to the phenomenon that moisture evaporated from the ground or crops is condensed on the surface thereof, so that the microorganisms are placed in an environment where they can grow and reproduce. As the amount of the microorganism propagated on the surface of the agricultural film increases, there is a problem that the amount of the harmful insects harmful to the crop is increased. Also, the formation of water droplets can be promoted by the adhesion of the microbial community, the light transmittance of the film is lowered, and the polymer material constituting the film progresses to denature, which may hinder crop cultivation.

이를 방지하기 위한 종래기술로는 합성 유기화합물인 항생물질을 폴리머에 첨가하여 항균성 농업용 필름을 제조하는 방법을 들 수 있다. 그러나 이 경우 저분자량의 유기화합물이 필름 표면으로 이동하여 백화현상을 일으킬 수 있다. 더욱이 비닐하우스에 장착하여 장기간 사용할 경우 상기 항생 활성을 가진 화합물이 자외선 등에 의해 분해됨으로써 항생 활성이 큰 폭으로 저하되는 문제점이 있다.
As a conventional technique for preventing this, an antibiotic substance, which is a synthetic organic compound, is added to a polymer to produce an antimicrobial agricultural film. However, in this case, a low molecular weight organic compound may migrate to the surface of the film and cause whitening. Furthermore, when the compound is used in a vinyl house for a long period of time, the compound having antibiotic activity is decomposed by ultraviolet rays or the like, resulting in a significant decrease in antibiotic activity.

또 다른 항균성 농업용 필름의 제조방법으로서 은 성분을 폴리머에 분산시키는 기술을 들 수 있다. 그러나 이 방법으로는 은의 가격이 높아 경제성이 저하되는 문제점이 발생한다.
Another method for producing an antimicrobial agricultural film is a technique of dispersing a silver component in a polymer. However, this method has a problem that the price of silver is high and the economical efficiency is deteriorated.

최근에 Xue 등은 구리 나노입자를 LLDPE에 분산시킬 경우 항균성이 증가한다고 보고하였다. (B. Xue et al, Materials Transactions, 52(1), 2011) 그러나 이들이 사용한 평균직경 60 nm의 구리 입자의 경우, LLDPE에 5 중량% 농도로 분산시킬 경우에도 항균성이 76% 수준에 머무르므로 은 성분을 폴리머에 분산시키는 것에 비해 경제성면에서의 우월성이 없으며, 더욱이 60 nm 크기의 구리 나노입자가 태양광을 산란시킴으로써 농업용 비닐에 적용시키기 어렵다는 문제점이 있다.
Recently, Xue et al. Reported that antimicrobial activity increases when copper nanoparticles are dispersed in LLDPE. (B. Xue et al., Materials Transactions, 52 (1), 2011). However, copper particles with an average diameter of 60 nm used in these materials are dispersed at a concentration of 5% by weight in LLDPE, Silver nanoparticles having a size of 60 nm scatter sunlight and are therefore difficult to apply to agricultural vinyls.

본 발명은 비닐하우스에 장착하여 사용되는 농업용 필름으로써 99% 이상의 항균성을 나타내면서도 백화현상을 일으키지 않으며, 또한 자외선에 의한 항균활성의 저하가 거의 없으며, 경제성도 갖춘 항균성 농업용 필름을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.
The object of the present invention is to provide an antimicrobial agricultural film having an antimicrobial activity of 99% or more, which does not cause whitening, has little degradation of antibacterial activity by ultraviolet rays, and is economical, have.

본 발명자들은 다양한 실험을 통하여 구리 나노입자의 평균 크기를 1 내지 10 nm로 제조하여 폴리머에 분산시킬 경우, 폴리머 대비 1 중량% 이하의 농도를 함유할 경우에도 항균성이 99% 이상 나타남을 발견하여 발명을 완성하기에 이르렀다.
The present inventors have found through experiments that when the average size of copper nanoparticles is 1 to 10 nm and dispersed in a polymer, 99% or more of antimicrobial activity occurs even when the concentration of the copper nanoparticles is less than 1 wt% .

본 발명에 따라 제조된 농업용 필름은 99% 이상의 항균성을 가지며 비닐하우스에 장착될 경우 필름 표면에 미생물의 번식이 억제됨으로써 미생물 군집으로 인한 광투과성의 감소, 무적성의 감소, 및 유해 미생물로 인한 농작물의 피해를 예방할 수 있는 효과가 있다.
The agricultural film produced according to the present invention has an antimicrobial activity of 99% or more. When mounted on a vinyl house, the propagation of microorganisms on the surface of the film is inhibited, thereby decreasing light transmittance due to microbial communities, reducing invincibility, There is an effect to prevent damage.

본 발명을 더욱 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.
The present invention will be described in more detail as follows.

본 발명은 구리 나노입자를 함유한 폴리머를 성형하여 만들어지는 농업용 필름을 제공한다.
The present invention provides an agricultural film produced by molding a polymer containing copper nanoparticles.

상기 구리 나노입자는 평균입경이 1 내지 10 nm일 수 있다. 상기 구리 나노입자의 산화도는 1 내지 20 질량%이며, 이는 나노입자 전체 질량에 대비한 산소 원자 질량의 %분율을 의미한다. 산화도가 1 질량% 이하인 경우 폴리머 매트릭스에 분산되기 어려울 수 있으며, 산화도가 20 질량% 이상일 경우 항균성이 낮아지게 된다. 상기 구리 나노입자를 평균입경이 1 nm 이하로 제조하고자 할 경우 열수합성방법 또는 플라즈마 합성방법으로 제조된 나노입자를 그레이딩해야 하므로 생산성이 낮아지는 문제점이 있다. 또한 평균입경이 20 nm 이상일 경우 구리 나노입자의 항균 활성이 급격히 저하되는 문제점이 있다.
The copper nanoparticles may have an average particle diameter of 1 to 10 nm. The degree of oxidation of the copper nanoparticles is 1 to 20 mass%, which means the percentage of the mass of oxygen atoms relative to the total mass of the nanoparticles. When the oxidation degree is 1 mass% or less, it may be difficult to be dispersed in the polymer matrix. When the oxidation degree is 20 mass% or more, the antibacterial property is lowered. When the copper nanoparticles are to be prepared with an average particle diameter of 1 nm or less, the nanoparticles prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis method or the plasma synthesis method must be graded, resulting in a low productivity. Also, when the average particle diameter is 20 nm or more, there is a problem that the antibacterial activity of the copper nanoparticles is rapidly lowered.

본 발명이 제공하는 농업용 필름을 구성하는 폴리머는 폴리에틸렌, 에틸렌-비닐아세테이트 공중합체, 폴리비닐클로라이드, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 일군에서 선택된 어느 하나일 수 있다. 일반적으로 농업용 필름은 0.05 내지 0.2 mm의 두께로 성형되는데 성형을 원활하게 수행하기 위해 가소제, 점증제, 무기충전제, 또는 상용화제 등을 첨가할 수 있다. 이에 더하여, 안료, 산화방지제, 자외선 흡수제, 게면활성제 등을 더 첨가할 수 있음은 자명하다.
The polymer constituting the agricultural film provided by the present invention may be any one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, and combinations thereof. Generally, the agricultural film is formed to a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm. In order to smoothly perform molding, plasticizer, thickener, inorganic filler, compatibilizer or the like may be added. In addition, pigments, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, surfactants and the like can be further added.

본 발명에 따른 농업용 필름은 폴리머 100 중량부당 상기 구리나노입자를 0.001 내지 1 중량% 함유할 수 있다. 그 함량이 0.001중량% 이하일 경우 항균성이 충분하지 않게 되며, 그 함량이 1 중량% 이상일 경우 광 투과도가 감소하며 경제성이 낮아지는 문제점이 있다.
The agricultural film according to the present invention may contain 0.001 to 1% by weight of the copper nanoparticles per 100 parts by weight of the polymer. When the content is less than 0.001% by weight, the antibacterial property is insufficient. When the content is more than 1% by weight, the light transmittance is decreased and the economical efficiency is lowered.

구리 나노입자를 폴리머에 분산하는 방법으로는 통상적인 혼련방법, 즉 폴리머 펠렛에 나노입자 분말을 기계적으로 혼합시킨 후 압출기내에서 가열하여 용융 혼합하는 방법을 사용할 수 있다. 그러나 이 경우 압출기 내에서 나노입자끼리 응집을 일으킬 수 있으며, 결과적으로 항균 특성이 저하될 수 있다. 이를 방지하기 위하여, 구리 나노입자 분말을 점성을 가진 다가 알코올에 초음파를 사용하여 분산시킨 후 탄소수 8 내지 18인 지방산을 첨가하여 에스테르 반응을 일으킨 후 이를 냉각하여 얻은 어덕트(adduct)를 플레이크 내지 분말 상태로 폴리머 펠렛에 혼합한 후 압출기에 투입할 수도 있다. 상기 다가 알코올의 예로는 에틸렌글리콜, 프로필렌글리콜, 또는 글리세롤을 들 수 있다. 상기 지방산의 예로는 라우릴산, 올레인산, 또는 스테아린산을 들 수 있다.
As a method of dispersing the copper nanoparticles in the polymer, a conventional kneading method, that is, a method in which nanoparticle powders are mechanically mixed in a polymer pellet and then heated and melted in an extruder can be used. However, in this case, the nanoparticles may agglomerate in the extruder, and as a result, the antibacterial property may be deteriorated. In order to prevent this, copper nanoparticle powder is dispersed in a viscous polyhydric alcohol by using ultrasonic waves, and a fatty acid having a carbon number of 8 to 18 is added to cause an ester reaction. The adduct obtained by cooling the adduct is called flake or powder The mixture may be mixed with the polymer pellets and then introduced into an extruder. Examples of the polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerol. Examples of the fatty acid include lauric acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid.

이하, 본 발명은 실시예를 통하여 더욱 구체적으로 설명되나, 본 발명이 이러한 실시예에 의하여 제한되는 것은 아니다.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited by these examples.

<실시예 1: 구리 나노입자의 어덕트의 합성>&Lt; Example 1: Synthesis of an adduct of copper nanoparticles >

구리 나노입자는 나노리더(주)로 입수하였다. 상기 나노입자 분말은 TEM으로 측정된 일차입자의 평균 크기가 7 nm 이며 EDX로 측정된 산화도는 9 중량%였다.
Copper nanoparticles were obtained from NanoReader. The average particle size of the nanoparticle powder measured by TEM was 7 nm and the degree of oxidation measured by EDX was 9 wt%.

상기 나노입자 분말 30 g을 에틸렌글리콜 100 g에 함께 2 리터 반응용기 내에서 혼합한 후 초음파 수조에 장착하여 초음파를 2시간 가하였다. 상기 반응물을 담은 반응용기를 히팅 맨틀을 사용하여 120℃ 온도로 가열하고, 스테아린산 1000 g을 교반하면서 순차적으로 가하여 완전히 용해시켰다. 이후 온도를 150℃로 올린 후 3 시간 교반한 후, 상온으로 냉각한 후 기계적으로 분쇄하여 구리 나노입자가 분산된 에틸렌글리콜과 스테아린산의 어덕트 분말을 얻었다.
30 g of the nanoparticle powder was mixed together in 100 g of ethylene glycol in a 2-liter reaction vessel, and the resultant was mounted in an ultrasonic bath and sonicated for 2 hours. The reaction vessel containing the reaction product was heated to 120 DEG C using a heating mantle, and 1000 g of stearic acid was added successively with stirring to completely dissolve it. After the temperature was raised to 150 ° C., the mixture was stirred for 3 hours, cooled to room temperature, and mechanically pulverized to obtain an austrite powder of ethylene glycol and stearic acid in which copper nanoparticles were dispersed.

<실시예 2: 어덕트가 혼합된 시험용 필름의 제조>&Lt; Example 2: Preparation of Test Film Mixed with Adducts >

용융지수가 2.0 g/min이며 밀도가 0.927 g/cm3 인 농업용 EVA 수지 3 kg에 활제 10 g, 산화방지제 3 g, 및 상기 어덕트 분말 100g을 넣고 헨셀믹서를 사용하여 균질하게 혼합한 후 200~210℃ 배럴 온도의 압출기에 투입하여 필름 두께 0.09 mm인 시험용 필름을 제조하였다.
10 g of the lubricant, 3 g of the antioxidant and 100 g of the above-mentioned adduct powder were added to 3 kg of agricultural EVA resin having a melt index of 2.0 g / min and a density of 0.927 g / cm 3 , homogeneously mixed using a Henschel mixer, To an extruder having a barrel temperature of 210 DEG C to prepare a test film having a film thickness of 0.09 mm.

<시험예 1: 시험용 필름의 항균성 측정>&Lt; Test Example 1: Measurement of antibacterial property of test film &

실시예 1에 의해 얻어진 시험용 필름들을 사용하여 KS K0693 방법에 따라 스타필로코크스 아우레스 균에 대한 항균성을 측정하였다. 실험실은 온도 20℃, 상대습도 60%로 유지하였다. 실시예 2에 따라 제조된 필름의 항균성은 99.5%로 나타났다.The antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was measured according to the method of KS K0693 using the test films obtained in Example 1. The laboratory was maintained at a temperature of 20 ° C and a relative humidity of 60%. The antimicrobial activity of the film prepared according to Example 2 was found to be 99.5%.

Claims (4)

구리 나노입자를 함유한 폴리머를 성형하여 만들어지는 농업용 필름.

An agricultural film made by molding a polymer containing copper nanoparticles.

청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 구리 나노입자는 평균입경이 1 내지 10 nm인 것을 특징으로 하는 농업용 필름.
The agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein the copper nanoparticles have an average particle diameter of 1 to 10 nm.
청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 폴리머는 폴리에틸렌, 에틸렌-비닐아세테이트 공중합체, 폴리비닐클로라이드, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 일군에서 선택된 어느 하나인 것을 특징으로 하는 농업용 필름.
The agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein the polymer is any one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, and combinations thereof.
청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 폴리머 100 중량부당 상기 구리입자가 0.001 내지 1 중량%가 함유된 것을 특징으로 하는 농업용 필름.The agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein the copper particles are contained in an amount of 0.001 to 1% by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer.
KR1020140092203A 2014-07-21 2014-07-21 Anti-bacterial film for agricultule KR20160011118A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102317690B1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-10-26 주식회사 성지기공 Copper antibacterial PE sheet attached to the inner surface of PDF water tank and manufacturing method and manufacturing device of the copper antibacterial PE sheet
KR20220095271A (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 김봉섭 Antibacterial plastic packaging box
CN116622142A (en) * 2023-05-15 2023-08-22 中国电建集团重庆工程有限公司 Polyethylene-copper nanoparticle composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20220095271A (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 김봉섭 Antibacterial plastic packaging box
KR102317690B1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-10-26 주식회사 성지기공 Copper antibacterial PE sheet attached to the inner surface of PDF water tank and manufacturing method and manufacturing device of the copper antibacterial PE sheet
CN116622142A (en) * 2023-05-15 2023-08-22 中国电建集团重庆工程有限公司 Polyethylene-copper nanoparticle composite material and preparation method and application thereof

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