KR20160006583A - Water treatment facility using cavitation effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus using cavitations and, more specifically, to a water treatment apparatus using cavitations wherein, in order to generate mechanical and hydrodynamic cavitations, thousands of cavitations are generated in a short time by using an impeller rotating at a high speed, and microbubbles generated herein and the activation energy are used to carry out water treatment. The present invention provides a water treatment apparatus using cavitations, comprising: a case type cavitation chamber having a hollow portion; an impeller rotating inside the cavitation chamber and having protrusions or grooves formed on a surface thereof; an impeller rotation unit for rotating the impeller; a block unit coupled within the cavitation chamber to surround the impeller and having a cylindrical-shaped cavity and several grooves formed in an inner wall of the cavity; an inflow pipe for supplying raw water to be treated into the cavitations; and a discharge pipe for discharging the fluid, which flows into the cavitation chamber, out of the cavitation chamber while maintaining the microbubbles generated in the cavitation chamber by the cavitations generated by the rotation of the impeller.

Description

[0001] Water treatment facility using cavitation effect [

The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus using cavitation that generates cavitation by using a mechanical hydraulic dynamical principle, and more particularly, to a water treatment apparatus that performs cavitation more than several thousand times in a short time by using a high- And a water treatment apparatus using cavitation in which water treatment is performed by using the generated micro-vapors and activation energies.

Cavitation is also referred to as cavitation and cavitation as a phenomenon in which a small portion of a liquid surrounds a liquid and is vaporized. Occurs when the static pressure of the liquid at a portion of the solid surface is less than the vapor pressure of the liquid when the relative velocity of the object and the liquid is very large. It occurs in impeller of pump and screw of ship. (Source: Neighbor chemistry terminology dictionary; http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?cid=2904&docId=1596481&mobile&categ oryId = 2904)

The bubbles generated by cavitation collapse, causing serious damage to the propeller of the ship or the impeller of the pump. The temperature at which bubbles generated by cavitation collapse is more than a few thousand degrees, and the pressure is also known to be more than a few hundred atmospheres. These high-density energy is transferred to the surroundings in the form of shock waves. When bubbles are destroyed, water molecules are decomposed into OH radicals and H radicals by thermal decomposition. OH radicals are known to have strong oxidizing power. Cavitation can be a means of decomposing degradable materials in water because the molecular bond of the degradable material can be cracked and oxidized by OH radicals in the pyrolysis process of water molecules caused by cavitation.

On the other hand, the term "water treatment" refers to treatment of raw water before treatment according to its purpose. In short, it means purification of water such as sewage treatment or water treatment. However, water treatment in the present invention also includes water treatment in the narrow sense However, it is used in a broad sense including all operations on water, such as heating to raise the temperature of water. As an example of water treatment in a narrow sense, there is a treatment for solubilizing sludge using micro-bubbles generated by cavitation to originally reduce the amount of sludge generated in a sewage treatment plant and a wastewater treatment plant, solubilizing sludge in an anaerobic digestion tank, , Treatment of the Legionella of the cooling tower by using strong local high pressure and high temperature effect and OH radical which is a strong oxidizing agent, chemical treatment of the biodegradable materials such as chromatic substances and TCE in the wastewater, And a process of decomposing by an environmentally friendly treatment method instead of a method.

The present invention provides a water treatment apparatus using cavitation that can be used for various purposes by using cavitation to be solved by the present invention and can maximize the number of times of occurrence of cavitation that may occur even when a relatively small size apparatus is used, .

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems,

In the water treatment apparatus using cavitation,

A cavitation chamber in the form of a case having a hollow portion;

An impeller which rotates inside the cavitation chamber and has protrusions or grooves on its surface;

An impeller rotating means for rotating the impeller;

A plurality of grooves formed in an inner wall of the cavity portion, the cavity means being coupled to the cavitation chamber so as to surround the impeller;

An inlet pipe for supplying the raw water to the inside of the cavitation; And

A discharge pipe for discharging the fluid introduced into the cavitation chamber to the outside of the cavitation chamber while maintaining fine bubbles generated in the cavitation chamber by cavitation generated by rotation of the impeller; The present invention provides a water treatment apparatus using cavitation.

The block means may be a wire mesh, and the groove of the block means may have a cylindrical shape.

The block means is preferably detachably coupled to the cavitation chamber.

The cavitation chamber may be provided with an air inlet pipe for injecting air into the cavity or discharging air therein.

The protrusions or grooves of the impeller are preferably replaceable.

According to the present invention, by maximizing the occurrence of cavitation in generating cavitation by the hydrodynamic principle, it is possible to maximize the phenomenon of minute bubbles and water temperature rise / polarization caused by cavitation, It is possible to provide a water treatment apparatus using cavitation.

1 is a view for explaining a water treatment apparatus using cavitation according to one embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a side view of the impeller used in the embodiment shown in Fig.
3 is a sectional view of the impeller shown in Fig.
4 is a side view of the block means shown in Fig.
5 is a cross-sectional view of the block means shown in Fig.
6 is a side view of another embodiment of an impeller;
7 is a cross-sectional view of the impeller shown in Fig.

Hereinafter, a water treatment apparatus using cavitation according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, and specific details for carrying out the present invention will be provided.

1 is a side view of an impeller used in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the impeller shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. Fig. 4 is a side view of the block means shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the block means shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 is a side view of another embodiment of the impeller, and Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the impeller shown in Fig. .

1 and 2, the water treatment apparatus using cavitation according to the present embodiment includes a cavitation chamber 10, an impeller 20, an impeller rotating means 30, a block means 40, an inflow pipe 50, And a discharge pipe (60).

The cavitation chamber 10 has a hollow structure and has a space for accommodating the impeller 20, the block means 40 and the fluid to be water-treated.

The cavitation chamber 10 is provided with an air injection pipe 11. The air injection pipe 11 is used to inject air into the cavitation chamber 10 or to discharge air from the cavitation chamber 10 to the outside.

In order to generate more bubbles in the cavitation chamber 10 besides the microbubbles generated by the cavitation, air is injected into the cavitation chamber 10 through the air injection pipe 11, and after the reaction is completed, cavitation When the residual air inside the chamber 10 is discharged, the air is discharged through the air injection pipe 11.

The impeller 20 is configured to generate a cavitation phenomenon while rotating in the cavitation chamber 10 by the impeller rotating means 30. The impeller 20 has protrusions or grooves formed on its surface, The protrusion 21 'is formed in the impeller 20' shown in FIG. 6 in the groove 21.

The impeller 20 according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is composed of a first body 23 and a second body 24, and the first body 23 and the second body 24 To the pin (22). The groove 21 is provided over the first body 23 and the second body 24.

Since the impeller 20 is composed of the first body 23 and the second body 24, wear is generated in the groove formed in the first body 23 due to the use of the impeller 20, It is necessary to replace the grooves because cavitation generation efficiency may decrease.

The impeller 20 'shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is a second form applicable to the present invention and includes a body 22' and a projection 21 ', and the projection 21' 'So as to be replaceable when wear occurs.

The impeller rotating means 30 is composed of a motor 31, a bearing 32 and a coupler 33. The rotational force of the motor 31 is transmitted to the impeller 20 or 20 'by the coupler 33 and is conveyed to 20 only for the sake of convenience, and the rotational axis of the impeller 20 is supported by the bearing 32 . The motor 31 rotates at 1000 to 5000 rpm.

The impeller 20 rotates at a high speed of 1000 to 5000 rpm according to the diameter of the impeller 20 and the impeller 20 ' ), A negative pressure is generated. When the negative pressure falls below the saturation water vapor pressure, the dissolved air dissolved in the water is separated or steam is generated between the impeller and the fluid (in this specification, the fluid includes the concept of water) to form fine bubbles.

The present invention has many characteristics and advantages in that a large number of cavitation occur per unit time. For example, when 10 rows of grooves 21 are formed on the surface of the impeller 20 and ten grooves 21 are provided in each row, if the number of revolutions of the motor 31 is 3600 rpm, cavitation occurs 6000 times per second .

The block means 40 is configured to enclose the impeller 20 inside the cavitation chamber 10. At this time, the block means 40 is detachably provided from the cavitation chamber 10.

4 and 5, the block means 40 includes a cylindrical cavity 42 to receive the impeller 20 in its cavity 42, and a plurality of And a groove 41 is provided. The shape of the groove 41 is preferably a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG.

Meanwhile, since the grooves 41 may also wear during use for a certain period of time, the block means 40 may be detachable from the cavitation chamber 10 and may be replaced if necessary.

As the block means 40, a wire mesh (not shown) may be used. In this case, a wire mesh having a proper thickness is used in order to prevent breakage.

The inflow pipe (50) is a pipe for introducing the treated water into the cavitation chamber (10).

The discharge pipe 60 discharges the fluid (treated water) flowing into the cavitation chamber to the outside of the cavitation chamber in a state of holding fine bubbles generated in the cavitation chamber by cavitation generated by rotation of the impeller .

Hereinafter, a description will be given of a mechanism in which a fluid is treated by a water treatment apparatus having the above-described configuration, thereby replacing the description of functions, actions, and effects of each configuration

When the treated water flows into the cavitation chamber 10 by the inflow pipe 50, the impeller 20 is rotated by the impeller rotating means 30.

In order to cause cavitation, negative pressure must be generated in the water. When negative pressure is generated, the air dissolved in the water is converted into fine bubbles or water is evaporated and converted into bubbles. At this time, in order to generate the negative pressure, it is required that the relative speed of the moving device and water in the water is at least somewhat, which can be expressed by the following Bernoulli equation.

However, when the impeller 20 having the groove 21 or the protrusion 21 'is rotated as in the present invention, when the impeller 20 rotates, the process water is rotated together with the inertia and the frictional force. If the number of treatments is rotated together with the impeller 20, the relative speed between the impeller 20 and the treated water may be insufficient to cause cavitation. Therefore, in order to ensure a proper relative speed to generate cavitation, the impeller 20 must be rotated very quickly. When the rotational speed of the impeller 20 is increased, the inertia is increased and the treated water is also rotated quickly, There is a possibility that a vicious cycle in which the efficiency of cavitation is lowered due to a relatively low relative speed may occur even if the speed can not be ensured or the relative speed at which cavitation occurs is secured. However, in the present invention, this problem is solved by the block means (40). As described above, when the impeller 20 rotates, the process water is rotated together with the inertia and the frictional force. In this case, the process water may cause friction with the groove 41 provided in the block means 40, The turbulence is generated while the impeller 20 rotates due to the turbulence generated at this time, thereby changing the speed of the process water moving together by inertia, thereby facilitating the securing of the relative speed necessary for generation of cavitation.

In this way, the block means 40 is a very essential structure for generating cavitation by rotation of the impeller 20. [

Bubbles generated by cavitation collapse within a very short time, and the time to collapse is theoretically known to be about 0.05 to 0.1 second, but in practice, the time it takes to collapse is long if the change in pressure is small. On the other hand, it is known that higher pressure and temperature occur when collapsing into a cluster form rather than a single bubble collapse because when the bubble collapses relatively, the pressure is transferred to the bubble inside, It collapses even more violently.

The pressure above a few hundred atmospheric pressures caused by the collapse of bubbles and the temperature of thousands of locally generated water decompose water molecules into OH · (radical) and H · (radical) ions.

H ₂ O → H · + OH ·

OH + OH - > H ₂ O ₂

O ₂ ? 2O

O + H ₂ O - OH - + OH -

H + O _{2 -} > HO _{2 -}

* HO ₂ + HO _{2 -} > H ₂ O ₂ + O ₂

OH radical generated by pyrolysis of water is an intermediate product having stronger oxidation power than ozone (O ₃ ) 1) sterilization, disinfection 2) activation 3) oxidative decomposition of degradable organic material 4) decolorization, Action 5) It has the function of inhibiting the formation of carcinogenic substances (THM) and can be used in AOP (Advanced Oxydation Process).

On the other hand, the inside of the cavitation chamber 10 can be divided into a negative pressure region and a positive pressure region. When the micro bubbles generated in the negative pressure region move to the positive pressure region, the cavitation chamber 10 rapidly breaks and shock waves are generated.

The treated water that has undergone the water treatment by the cavitation effect is discharged to the outside of the cavitation chamber 10 through the discharge pipe 60.

The apparatus for water treatment by cavitation can be expected to be economical as a simple physical treatment device and not to cause a secondary environmental problem. For example, if it is used as a device for solubilizing sludge, it can be processed at a much lower cost than alkali ozone treatment. Also, it can solve the problem of high temperature corrosion or odor of a facility generated in a high temperature hydrolysis facility, There is no problem at all.

Meanwhile, the present invention is an apparatus for generating cavitation by a hydraulic dynamical principle, which can be manufactured in a much simpler configuration than a device for generating cavitation by ultrasonic waves, and is much more economical in terms of operation cost.

However, the cavitation apparatus based on the conventional hydraulic dynamics principle is mostly a venturi type cavitation apparatus. Venturi type cavitation devices have been used to pressurize water with a high pressure pump or to connect multiple venturi to cause cavitation phenomenon. However, when the high pressure pump is not used, the cavitation phenomenon is weak and the venturi is required to pass several tens of times or hundreds of times. However, there is a problem that the cavitation effect is weak. However, in the case of the present invention, cavitation is generated by using a block means having grooves surrounding the impeller and the impeller formed with protrusions or grooves, without using a venturi, and it is possible to provide an effective device Can be provided.

Although the air injection pipe 11 is included in the cavitation chamber 10 in the above description, the present invention can achieve the desired effect even when the air injection pipe 11 is not provided. As well as to the extent that it is possible.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the case where the groove of the block means is a cylindrical shape, this is only one embodiment, and the intended effect of the present invention can be achieved even when the shape of the block means is not the cylindrical shape. As well as to the extent that it is possible.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiment in which the block means is detachable, it is for convenience of replacement after wear and tear, and the present invention can achieve the intended effect even when such a configuration is omitted. As well.

In the above description, the grooves or protrusions of the impeller can be separated. However, the present invention is not limited to the case where the grooves or protrusions can not be separated. It should be considered to be included in technical thought.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. And can be embodied as a water treatment apparatus using various types of cavitation within a range.

10: cavitation means 20: impeller
30: Impeller rotating means 40: Block means
50: inlet pipe 60: exhaust pipe

Claims (5)

In the water treatment apparatus using cavitation,
A hollow cavitation chamber;
An impeller rotating within the cavitation chamber and including a body and a protrusion detachably coupled to the body;
An impeller rotating means for rotating the impeller;
A plurality of grooves formed in an inner wall of the cavity, the cavity having a cylindrical shape, the cavity being rotatably coupled to the cavitation chamber so as to surround the impeller;
An inlet pipe for supplying the raw water to the inside of the cavitation chamber; And
And a discharge pipe for discharging the fluid introduced into the cavitation chamber to the outside of the cavitation chamber while maintaining minute bubbles generated in the cavitation chamber by cavitation generated by rotation of the impeller,
Wherein the raw water flowing into the cavitation chamber through the inflow pipe passes between the impeller and the block means and is discharged to the outside of the cavitation chamber through the discharge pipe.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the block means is a wire mesh.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the groove of the block means has a cylindrical shape.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the block means is removably coupled to the cavitation chamber.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the cavitation chamber is provided with an air inlet pipe for injecting air into the cavity and discharging air therein.

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