KR20160005223A - Welding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A welding apparatus is disclosed. The welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on a lower portion of a laser unit that irradiates a laser beam onto a welding portion of a base material and injects high pressure air to one side opened through an injection device to weld a micro- An air knife blowing out of the device; And a sealing cap main body coupled to the lower portion of the air knife for spraying the shielding gas supplied through the gas nozzle toward the welded portion of the base material, wherein the sealing cap body has a high pressure at which the flow direction of the sealing gas flows into the sealing cap body And a plurality of outlets through which high-pressure air is discharged so as not to be interfered with by air.

Description

[0001] WELDING APPARATUS [0002]

The present invention relates to a welding apparatus.

When the laser beam of high energy density is focused on the base material for welding, the temperature of the base material instantaneously rises and begins to melt, evaporate, and ionize to form a high-temperature plasma. The size of the plasma increases with the increase of the energy of the laser beam, and the ultrafine particles of the base material are emitted at high speed.

At this time, an inert gas (helium or argon) is injected into the heat affected portion including the melting paper so that nitrogen or oxygen in the air does not flow into the melting paper formed during the welding. In the case of arc welding, carbon dioxide gas or oxygen may be mixed with an inert gas in order to increase arc stability and penetration depth. In the case of laser welding, a coaxial shielding method in which a laser beam and a shielding gas flow coaxial by attaching a sealing cap to an optical head, and a side shielding method in which a shielding gas flow is formed through the nozzle in terms of a laser beam irradiation position Has been used.

During the welding process, the plasma and ultra-fine particles due to the irradiation of the high-density laser beam rise vertically and adhere to or adhere to the coated protective glass of the laser device. The protective glass of the laser device is difficult to remove by the superfine particles completely adhered to the protective glass when the laser beam is used for a long time. Therefore, a part of the irradiated laser beam is absorbed by the protective glass, which may damage the protective glass and damage the entire optical system such as the condensing lens. Damage to the coated surface due to plasma heat may also have the same adverse effects.

In order to prevent damage to the entire optical system as described above, the conventional coaxial shield nozzle system and the side shield system have a structure in which a high-pressure air knife is installed just below the coated protective glass, So as not to touch the coated protective glass, and to blow the ultra-fine tenant rising at high speed away with high-pressure air so as not to adhere to the coated protective glass.

However, if there is insufficient distance between the air knife and the base material for the prevention of plasma spattering and the removal of super-fine particles, the flow of the shielding gas, which functions as a function for preventing the oxidation of the molten metal during welding, is impeded, . For example, when the high-pressure air is blown through the air knife at a distance of about 75 mm between the air knife and the base material, and the shielding gas is sprayed to the melting paper by the conventional side shielding method or the coaxial shielding method, The surface of the quality bead (welded portion) can not be formed, and the surface of the high temperature base material is exposed to the air and becomes grayish brown. This is a result of interference of the flow direction of the shielding gas by the high-pressure air.

In this regard, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2006-0012809 (published on Mar. 2, 2006) discloses a technique relating to a hybrid welding control apparatus.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2006-0012809 (Published on Mar. 2, 2006)

An embodiment of the present invention is to provide a welding apparatus for forming a bead surface of good quality by keeping the flow direction of the shielding gas supplied onto the welding part of the base material constant.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welding apparatus for performing a welding operation of a base material by using a laser beam, the welding apparatus being mounted on a lower portion of a laser unit for irradiating the laser beam onto a welded portion of the base material, An air knife for spraying high-pressure air to one side to blow out the ultra-fine particles of the base material according to the welding operation to the outside of the welding apparatus; And a sealing cap main body coupled to a lower portion of the air knife for spraying a shielding gas supplied through a gas nozzle toward a welded portion of the base material, wherein the sealing cap body has a fluid flow direction of the sealing gas, And a plurality of discharge ports through which the high-pressure air is discharged so as not to be interfered with by the high-pressure air flowing into the body.

The air knife may be formed in a 'C' shape and a lower portion may be slidably coupled to an upper portion of the sealing cap body.

Wherein the air knife has a jet groove in which the nozzle of the jetting device is coupled to the other end of the air knife and a gap communicated with the jetting groove on the end side so that the high pressure air introduced through the jetting groove is horizontally sprayed in the one opened direction, Can be formed.

The plurality of outlets may be formed in a peripheral portion of the sealing cap body, and may be formed above a portion to which the gas nozzle is coupled.

A horizontal nozzle formed horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the sealing cap main body so that the shielding gas has a fluid flow in the horizontal direction through the inlet through the inlet, A plurality of vertical nozzles may be formed in the vertical direction to change the fluid flow of the shielding gas from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction and to distribute the shielding gas to flow out to the lower side.

And a diffuser disposed under the vertical nozzle and having a foamed metal inserted therein to uniformly spray the flowing shielding gas.

And a shielding gas discharging portion that is detachably coupled to the lower portion of the sealing cap main body and collects the flowing shielding gas and supplies the shielding gas to the welding portion of the base material. The shielding gas discharging portion has a shape in which the inner opening gradually becomes narrower toward the lower side As shown in FIG.

The welding apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention can maintain the flow direction of the flowing gas of the shielding gas supplied onto the welding part of the base material constantly so that the bead surface of good quality can be formed.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

1 is a perspective view of a welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing components for keeping the flow direction of the shielding gas supplied to the welding part of the base material among the welding devices shown in FIG. 1 constant.
3 and 4 are perspective and oblique views of the bottom and top portions of the air knife shown in Fig.
FIG. 5 shows an internal configuration of a sealing cap body for changing a flow direction of the shielding gas in the welding apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a shielding gas discharge unit for collecting the shielding gas discharged through the sealing cap body shown in FIG. 2 and supplying the shielding gas onto the welded portion of the base material.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are provided by way of example so that those skilled in the art will be able to fully understand the spirit of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, but may be embodied in other forms. In order to clearly explain the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted from the drawings, and the width, length, thickness, etc. of the components may be exaggerated for convenience. Like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the specification.

1 and 2, a welding apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a laser unit 110, an air knife 120, a sealing cap body 130, a diffuser 140, (150). The welding apparatus 100 performs a welding operation of the base material 2 using a laser beam.

The laser unit 110 includes an optical system for irradiating a laser beam, and the optical system includes a condenser lens 112 for condensing the laser beam and a reflection mirror 114 for adjusting the reflection angle of the laser beam. Although not shown, a protective glass for protecting the optical system may be provided.

2 to 4, the air knife 120 is mounted on a lower portion of the laser unit 110 for irradiating the laser beam onto the welding portion of the base material 2, and the air knife 120, Pressure air is blown to one opened side of the welding apparatus 100 to blow the ultrafine particles of the base material 2 out of the welding apparatus 100 according to the welding operation. The air knife 120 may be formed to have a U-shape and a lower portion thereof may be slidably coupled to an upper portion of the sealing cap body 130.

The air knife 120 can be screwed to, for example, the laser unit 110, and a plurality of coupling grooves H1 for the air knife 120 are formed in the body. In addition, the air knife 120 may form a sliding engagement portion 122 for sliding engagement with the sealing cap main body 130 to be described later.

The air knife 120 is provided at the other end side with a jet groove 120a to be coupled with a nozzle (not shown) of the jetting device 125 and is provided with a high pressure air flow- A gap 120b having a predetermined length communicated with the jetting groove 120a may be formed on the end side of the nozzle 120a. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively prevent welding fumes and fine particles generated during welding from adhering to the protective glass of the laser unit 110 because the high-pressure air is injected more effectively. For reference, in FIG. 3, the injection device 125 is simply shown as a block to facilitate understanding.

1 and 5, the sealing cap body 130 is coupled to the lower portion of the air knife 120, and the shielding gas supplied through a gas nozzle (not shown) of a high-pressure air supplier (not shown) ) To the welded portion. A protruding engaging portion 130b for engaging with the sliding engaging portion 122 of the air knife 120 is formed on the upper portion of the sealing cap main body 130.

The sealing cap body 130 is provided with an inlet 132a which is coupled to a gas nozzle (not shown) on one side and a length of the sealing cap body 130 such that the shielding gas has a horizontal fluid flow through the inlet 132a. A horizontal nozzle 132 formed horizontally in the horizontal direction and a plurality of vertical nozzles 132 formed in the vertical direction so as to vertically change the flow of the shielding gas from the horizontal direction, Thereby forming the nozzle 133. The horizontal nozzle 132 may be provided on both sides of the sealing cap body 130 and the other side 132b opposite to the inlet 132a may be cut off. The horizontal nozzle 132 and the vertical nozzle 133 are formed to communicate with each other and can be formed inside the sealing cap body 130. The vertical nozzles 133 may have a smaller diameter than the horizontal nozzles 132. The sealing gas is injected through the horizontal nozzle 132 and the vertical nozzle 133 to the welded portion of the base material 2 through the diffuser 140 and the shielding gas discharge unit 150 to be described later.

At this time, the sealing cap main body 130 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports (hereinafter referred to as " discharge ports ") through which the high-pressure air is discharged above the portion to which the shielding gas is supplied so that the fluid flowing direction of the sealing gas is not interfered by the high- 130a. That is, when the high-pressure air is injected through the injection device 125, a part of the high-pressure air may be introduced into the sealing cap main body 130 to interfere with the flow direction of the shielding gas. As a result, the surface of the high-temperature base material 2 is exposed to the air, and a bead surface of poor quality can be formed. The plurality of outlets 130a described above are formed in the sealing cap body 130 through the embodiment of the present invention so that the shielding gas introduced into the sealing cap body 130 is discharged to the outside through the outlet 130a , So that a bead surface of good quality can be formed. The plurality of discharge ports 130a may be formed at left and right sides of the sealing cap body 130 at regular intervals.

 The diffuser 140 may be fabricated in a rectangular shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, disposed below the plurality of vertical nozzles 133, and may be manufactured with a foamed metal inserted therein so that the shielding gas is uniformly sprayed. By providing the diffuser 140 below the finely formed vertical nozzle 133, the flow rate of the shielding gas can be kept constant, thereby enhancing the sealing effect.

5 and 6, the shielding gas discharge unit 150 is detachably coupled to the lower portion of the sealing cap body 130 and collects shielding gas flowing through the sealing cap body 130 And is supplied onto the welding portion of the base material 2 (see Fig. 1). The shielding gas discharge unit 150 may be detachably coupled to the lower portion of the sealing cap body 130. For example, the shielding gas discharging unit 150 may be coupled to the engaging member 155 provided on the inner lower side of the sealing cap body 130 through the engaging groove H2 formed in the upper portion. The detachable coupling of the shielding gas discharge unit 150 allows the diffuser 140 to be easily replaced when the diffuser 140 is damaged by a high temperature deterioration phenomenon. The penetrating opening 151 inside the shielding gas discharging unit 150 is formed to be gradually narrowed downward so as to effectively collect the shielding gas introduced through the sealing cap body 130 and the diffuser 140 It can be arranged slantingly.

The foregoing has shown and described specific embodiments. However, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention described in the following claims It will be possible.

110: laser unit 120: air knife
130: Silting cap body 140: Diffuser
150: shielding gas outlet

Claims (6)

A welding apparatus for performing welding work of a base material by using a laser beam,
Pressure air is blown to one side opened through the injection device to blow the ultra-fine tenant of the base material out of the welding device according to the welding operation, Air knife to breathe; And
And a sealing cap main body coupled to the lower portion of the air knife for spraying the shielding gas supplied through the gas nozzle toward the welded portion of the base material,
Wherein the sealing cap body has a plurality of discharge ports through which the high-pressure air is discharged so that the fluid flowing direction of the shielding gas is not interfered by the high-pressure air flowing into the sealing cap body. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the air knife is provided in a " C " shape, and a lower portion of the air knife is slidably engaged with an upper portion of the sealing cap body. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the air knife has a jet groove in which the nozzle of the jetting device is coupled to the other end of the air knife and a gap communicated with the jetting groove on the end side so that the high pressure air introduced through the jetting groove is horizontally sprayed in the one opened direction, . The method according to claim 1,
A horizontal nozzle formed horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the sealing cap main body so that the sealing gas has a fluid flow in the horizontal direction through the inlet,
Wherein a plurality of vertical nozzles are formed in the vertical direction from the horizontal nozzles to vertically change the fluid flow of the shielding gas and to distribute the shielding gas to flow downward. 5. The method of claim 4,
And a diffuser disposed under the vertical nozzle and having a foamed metal inserted therein so that the flowing shielding gas is uniformly sprayed. 5. The method of claim 4,
And a shielding gas discharging portion that is detachably coupled to the lower portion of the sealing cap main body and collects the flowing shielding gas and supplies the shielding gas to the welding portion of the base material. The shielding gas discharging portion has a shape in which the inner opening gradually becomes narrower toward the lower side A welding device provided at an inclined angle.

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