KR20150134733A - Ship manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

A manufacturing method for a ship is disclosed. The manufacturing method for a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a step of calculating the reverse setting amount of a block; a step of reversely setting the block; a step of performing the welding of the block; and a step of correcting the deformation of the block. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to a cubic block and enables the reverse setting work of a large block.

Description

Ship manufacturing method [0002]

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a ship.

Ship and offshore structures are manufactured by welding a number of steel plates through welding. For the sake of convenience of production, it is common to divide the structure into blocks of a certain area and perform assembly work.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a general ship drying process, and FIG. 2 is a view showing a kind of deformation of a steel plate generated by welding.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the welding operation for assembling such a block is performed, thermal deformation is caused thereby, which may adversely affect the dimensional quality.

Then, referring to Fig. 2, it is possible to confirm the type of deformation that can be caused by the welding process for assembling the block.

The most common processes for welding and calibrating are the "assembly process", and each stage finishing of small assembly (subassembly), middle reassembly (medium ribbing block) and large assembly of assembly process is called " ). In particular, the "strain correcting operation (knitting) " after the assembly welding operation is helpful in removing the local weld deformation, but it is also possible to cause additional deformation of the shape of the already enlarged block as a bow- Resulting in a problem that the large "block" itself needs to be corrected and corrected in the next step of the pre-loading (PE) process. In this case, since the correction work is a large-sized block, calibration can not be performed at the level of the level of the work described above, and a part of the small member and the half-rib member belonging to the block are disassembled, .

In order to solve such a problem, a method of assembling a small member by measuring or calculating welding deformation data, designing it in an inverted shape of the deformation direction, and reflecting it in the cutting operation of the machining process has been used.

However, in this conventional method, there is an advantage that the "deformation correcting operation" can be omitted in the small member assembly (subassembly) process, but the present invention is not applied to all small members, T-shaped "built-up or bracket type.

Further, in the conventional method, the welding deformation for producing the inverted shape of the T-shaped small member is changed only by the length change in terms of the "shrinkage amount" in consideration of the "welding shrinkage deformation" Considering that the reverse design dimension of the welded side is only a reverse design (or reverse design) plan so that it is the length that is increased by the measured or calculated "weld shrinkage".

This conventional method is effective only for one built-up type small member having symmetrical sectional characteristics.

3 is a diagram showing changes in shape due to shrinkage deformation of the T-shaped small member.

In addition to the reverse design of the deformation direction as in (1) in FIG. 3 (c), there is a problem that the deformation direction like the direction (2) in FIG.

That is, in the conventional method, the reverse design by the viewpoint of the "length" change of the plane due to the welding shrinkage has a problem of estimating or calculating the reverse design shape by only dealing with the change of the "length" of the plane, (A), (b), (d) and (e) of FIG. 2 in the x, y and z directions, There is a problem that it is difficult to apply to a block or an assembly block.

One embodiment of the present invention seeks to provide a method of manufacturing a ship that can be applied to a three-dimensional shaped block.

A method of manufacturing a ship in accordance with an aspect of the present invention may include calculating an inverse setting amount of the block, reversing the block, performing the welding of the block, and performing the weaving.

At this time, the step of calculating an inverse setting amount of the block may include a step of selecting a block, a step of analyzing deformation by welding, a step of grasping a maximum deformation amount of a block, a step of executing a block- A step of generating a mesh of the contour setting shape, a step of re-analyzing the deformation by welding, a step of rerunning the mesh generation algorithm when the deformation amount is higher than the reference value by comparing the deformation amount of the block with the reference value, And if it is lower than the reference value, deriving the optimal reverse setting shape.

At this time, in the step of calculating the inverse setting amount of the block, executing the block network setting algorithm that is set up in the block until the deformation amount is smaller than the reference value, generating the backbone network of the inverted setting shape, The step of re-analyzing the deformation due to the welding can be repeatedly executed in sequence.

At this time, the step of analyzing the deformation due to the welding may include a step of preparing an electronic drawing shape of the block, a step of generating a finite element mesh, a step of receiving material information, a step of receiving welding information, , Deriving a deformation analysis result by welding, and storing the deformed block mesh network.

Unlike the conventional inverse setting method, the method of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the reverse setting of the small member, but the reverse setting can be applied to the block. Therefore, it is possible to perform a block reverse setting operation of a large block which can not be processed by a reverse deformation or reverse design method in assembling a small member considering only conventional welding shrinkage deformation.

In addition, by reversing the reverse setting shape until the reverse setting deformation amount reaches the reference value, the dimensional quality error can be minimized and the quality reliability of the manufactured ship can be secured.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a general ship drying process.
2 is a view showing a kind of deformation of an iron plate generated by welding;
3 is a view showing changes in shape due to shrinkage deformation of a T-shaped small member;
4 is a flowchart showing a method of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a flow chart illustrating a method for calculating an inverse setting amount of a block in a ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a deck shape change of a block according to an optimum reverse setting shape in a ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
8 is a flowchart showing a method of analyzing a weld block deformation in a ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a view showing a state in which finite mesh generation of blocks is completed in a ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a view showing a deformation pattern according to a support position in a ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing a result obtained by applying a ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention to an actual ship block. FIG.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" to another part, it includes not only "directly connected" but also "indirectly connected" between other parts. Also, when a part is referred to as "including " an element, it does not exclude other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a method 100 of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, a method 100 of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step S110 of calculating an inverse setting amount of a block, a step S120 of reversing a block, Step S130, and performing step S 140.

Hereinafter, each step of the ship manufacturing method 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The step S110 of calculating the backward setting amount of the block precomputes the backward setting degree for the backward setting of the block.

Step S120 of reversing the block is to deform the shape of the block before welding the block. The block is deformed while being welded. The inverse setting is to make a block different from the target shape by considering the degree of deformation of the block in advance. Setting the block in this way can result in a target shape after the block is subjected to heat.

The method of reversing the block in the step of inverting the block (S120) can be largely a mechanical or chemical method.

The mechanical method can be a method of fixing a specific part of a structure and raising or lowering a part requiring a reverse setting by a mechanical load. The mechanical load applying method may be performed using a hydraulic device, an electric motor, a chain block, or the like.

The chemical method may be to induce a shape change through a heating operation using a flame torch using chemical fuels. That is, contraction deformation at the time of heating the steel plate constituting the block is used to form an inverted setting shape. When the reverse setting is required in the downward convex shape, the upper member is heated, and when the reverse setting is required in the upward convex shape, the lower member is heated.

The range of heating and the heating amount can be determined according to the reverse setting amount, which can be judged by the operator. However, it is basically desirable to provide information on the heating amount and the heating range in the shrinkage strain database in accordance with the material, the amount of heating, and the heating range of the steel material, in order to set the reliable high quality.

The step of performing the welding of the block (S130) is a process of welding the block to manufacture the ship. Through this step, the assembly of the block itself can be completed, and the block and the block can be combined.

Step S140 of finishing the welded block is a process of finishing the welded block by applying an external force to the block to remove various kinds of deformations caused by the welding so that the block becomes the target shape. Step S140 of performing the loop may be, for example, performing back-heating on one side of the block. Back heating is a method of applying heat to the lower side of the block.

On the other hand, since the knitting process for manufacturing the ship may be a general method using a knitting machine, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Hereinafter, a method 100 for manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention will be briefly described with reference to the drawings.

5 is a view sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, after calculating the amount of the reverse setting of the block, the block B is triangularly heated as shown in (a) so that the block becomes the inverted setting shape as shown in (b). Then, after the block is welded, the block is subjected to a waving operation so that the block becomes the target shape as shown in (c).

In the meantime, the step of calculating the reverse setting amount of the above-described block in the ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for calculating an amount of reversed setting of a block in a ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, the step S110 of calculating the reverse setting amount of a block includes, for example, a step of selecting a block S111, a step S112 of analyzing deformation due to welding, a step S113 A step S114 of executing a mesh generation algorithm of a block-inverted set, a step S115 of generating a mesh of an inverted setting shape, a step S116 of re-analyzing the deformation due to welding, If the amount of deformation is greater than the reference value, step (S118) may be performed to execute an element network coordinate generation algorithm and derive an optimal reverse setting shape if the deformation amount is lower than the reference value.

Each of the above steps will be described in detail below.

In the block selection step S111, a block to be subjected to the calculation of the reverse setting amount is selected. The selection of a block can be made by a method of selecting an arbitrary block among the blocks constituting the ship.

In step S112 of analyzing the deformation due to welding, it is analyzed how the block is deformed by the heat generated when the block is welded. That is, it is predicted in advance how much the block is deformed by the heat. A detailed description of the step S112 of analyzing the deformation due to welding will be described later.

The step of determining the maximum deformation amount of the block is a process of detecting the maximum deformation degree of the obtained block in the step of analyzing the deformation by the above-described welding (S112).

In the step S114 of executing the mesh generation algorithm of the block presetting, the algorithm for generating the mesh network of the block is set up through the deformation amount obtained in the step of grasping the maximum deformation amount.

The step S115 of generating the mesh of the reverse setting shape generates the mesh of the reverse setting shape of the block at the coordinates generated through the step S114 of executing the preceding algorithm. Such mesh generation can be performed by various generally known mesh generation methods. However, in the step S115 of generating the mesh of the reverse setting shape in the ship manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention, a mesh of a three-dimensional shape other than a plane is generated.

The step of re-analyzing the deformation due to the welding (S116) is performed again to analyze the deformation caused by the welding described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.

The deformation amount of the block is compared with the reference value (S117), and if the deformation amount is higher than the reference value, the desired network coordinate generation algorithm is executed (S114). In this step, if the amount of deformation analyzed in the step S116 of re-analyzing the deformation due to the preceding welding is compared with the reference value, if the amount of deformation is higher than the reference value, the step of executing the above- A step S115 of generating a mesh of the reverse setting shape and a step S116 of re-analyzing the deformation due to welding are executed again.

That is, in step S110 of calculating an inverse setting amount of a block, a step (S114) of executing a mesh generation algorithm of a block presetting block until the amount of deformation is smaller than a reference value is performed, and a step S115) and a step S116 of re-analyzing the deformation due to welding are repeated in sequence.

Here, the reference value means an error value which is allowable for manufacturing the ship. The amount of deformation can be made close to the reference value through the above process.

If the deformation amount is less than the reference value, the deformation amount of the block is compared with the reference value in the step S118 of deriving the optimum reverse setting shape, and if the deformation amount is lower than the reference value, .

In the reverse design (or inverse deformation) method considering only a change in length due to the conventionally known two-dimensional (x, y) direction shrinkage, the inverted shape only yields one inverted shape that is increased by the amount of shrinkage. However, the shape that was designed based on the contraction amount (δ) calculated from the initial design shape is another shape that has a different geometry and rigidity from the initial shape, and the contraction amount (δ_r) to be generated here is different from the existing contraction amount It is a different value.

 The number of small members such as blocks is connected in three directions (x, y, z directions), and the length of the welded portion to be connected, the dimension of the small member constituting the block, the thickness of the lower deck, Shrinkage deformation, angular deformation, and bending deformation are complicated depending on the supporting conditions. Therefore, the inverse setting shape with the inverse setting coordinates (x_r, y_r, z_r) extracted based on the shape of the coordinates (x, y, z) before deformation and the shape coordinates after deformation (x_d, y_d, z_d) Can be changed differently.

Therefore, when welding (or knitting) is performed on a block having a specific inverse setting coordinate (x_r, y_r, z_r), as shown in (a) of FIG. 7 as a downward convex shape, Deformation in a more unusual direction may occur due to the stiffness effect of the members constituting the block by welding (or knitting) operation. In Fig. 7 (a), the reverse setting shape is not optimized, so that the final shape after the reverse setting is different from the target shape.

Therefore, an optimization method for finding the optimal reverse setting coordinate shape in which the final shape coincides with the target shape should be used after the inverse setting as shown in Fig. 7 (b). That is, there is a need for a method of calculating a block optimal station setting coordinate that can reflect a change in a welding (or knitting) deformation that occurs according to a shape change of an inverted block.

In Fig. 7 (b), the reverse setting shape is optimized so that the final shape after the reverse setting coincides with the target shape.

In the method of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of reversed setting is reduced from an inverted setting coordinate form which is completely opposite to the initial deformed shape of the block so as to cope with this content. If the deck level deviation of the block is within the reference value, the reverse setting coordinate and the overall value at this time are deduced as optimal values to be applied to the block reverse setting. If not, (Inverse) settings Recalculate the coordinates and values. As described above, this process is repeated until it is within the reference value, so that the optimized inverse setting coordinates and the inverse setting value can be calculated.

Here, the reference value is the dimensional quality error of the actually manufactured block compared with the target shape of the block, and the dimensional quality error range can be changed according to the design, so it is not limited.

As described above, unlike the conventional inverse setting method, the method of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the reverse setting of the small member, but the reverse setting can be applied to the block. Therefore, it is possible to perform a block reverse setting operation of a large block which can not be processed by a reverse deformation or reverse design method in assembling a small member considering only conventional welding shrinkage deformation.

In addition, by reversing the reverse setting shape until the reverse setting deformation amount reaches the reference value, the dimensional quality error can be minimized and the quality reliability of the manufactured ship can be secured.

8 is a flowchart showing a method of analyzing a weld block deformation in a ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, step S112 of analyzing deformation due to welding in the step of calculating an inverse setting amount of the above-described block may be performed by, for example, preparing an electronic drawing shape of a block (S1121) (S1123) of inputting the material information, receiving the welding information (S1124), receiving the supporting condition (S1124), deriving the deformation analysis result by welding (S1126), and And storing the deformed shape block mesh (S1127).

Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail.

In step S1121 of preparing an electronic drawing shape of a block, electronic drawing shape data of a block already prepared is prepared. The electronic drawing shape is used for design using an electronic calculator. Such an electronic drawing shape can be, for example, data in various formats.

The step of creating a finite element mesh (S1122) may be to generate a finite element mesh from the electronic drawing geometry. As shown in FIG. 9, the finite element network F generated from the electronic drawing shape can be confirmed.

In the step of generating the finite element network (S1122), a finite element method can be used. In the finite element method, a continuous structure is divided into a one-dimensional rod, a two-dimensional triangle or a square, (Tetrahedron, hexahedron), and it is a numerical calculation method that calculates by the approximate solution method based on the energy principle about each region.

In the step of receiving the material information (S1123), the material properties of each steel plate constituting the block and the welding characteristics of the portions of the steel plate, So that it is possible to calculate the strain according to the following equation.

The block can be made of various materials and is an essential step in the analysis of the deformation due to welding because the deformation amount by heat differs for each material.

In the step of receiving the welding information (S1124), information such as the welding part and the temperature of the heat generated at the welding is inputted, so that the deformation of the block due to the heat can be calculated more accurately.

The step of inputting the support condition (S1124) is a boundary condition input step in which the positions of the structure supporting the block structure, the jig and the auxiliary device are identified in the drawing or the electronic drawing file, and the corresponding part is input.

10 is a view showing a deformation pattern according to a support position in a method of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, it can be seen that the deformed patterns A and B are deformed according to the position of the frame S supporting the lower side of the block.

That is, it is possible to accurately reflect the actual laying state and the supporting state of the block through the supporting condition.

In the analysis of the deformation due to welding, the input material information, welding information, and supporting conditions are applied to the finite element mesh to finally analyze the deformation of the block. In this step, thermo-elasto-plastic analysis or simple analysis method can be used.

In the step S1127 of storing the deformed block mesh mesh, the final deformed mesh mesh mesh to which the deformation due to welding is applied to the finite mesh network is stored.

In summary, the level deviation due to the deformation of the entire block generated by welding or back-heating (knitting) is calculated using a finite element analysis technique. The finite element analysis, such as thermo-elasto-plastic analysis or simplified analysis, is performed using the welding or back-heating (shear) thermal load and the supporting condition of the block to analyze the deformation due to welding, The deformation includes both contraction deformation, angular deformation, bending deformation, and buckling deformation similarly to the actual phenomenon.

(X, y, z) of the deformed shape computed through the step of storing the deformed shape block mesh can be transformed three-dimensionally in the initial position to reflect all possible deformations in a given weld (X_d, y_d, z_d). The deformed block tangent coordinates are used to calculate the inverse setting coordinates (x_R, y_R, z_R) of the block that should be set back before the welding (or tiling) operation.

The calculated inverse setting coordinates (x_R, y_R, z_R) are replaced with the coordinates (x, y, z) of the existing deformation analysis data by applying the boundary conditions of the welding A method of resuming the finite element analysis may be used.

 By using this method, it is possible to determine the reverse setting shape by referring to the shape of the block deformation including the shrinkage deformation, the angular deformation, the bending deformation, and the buckling deformation represented by the coordinate values of the finite element network after the deformation analysis, The optimal reverse setting shape can be determined.

That is, in the conventional inverse setting method, only deformation due to shrinkage occurring in the two-dimensional direction (x, y) is considered. However, as described above, in the method of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention, And the buckling deformation are taken into account, so that the inverse setting of the block of the complicated shape can be implemented.

The improvement in the quality reliability of the block manufactured by the ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be confirmed by the following.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing a result obtained by applying a ship manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention to an actual ship block.

In FIG. 11, (a) is a graph on the side of the block, and (b) is a graph on the middle side of the block. The R value indicates an inverted shape, and the H value indicates a manufactured shape. 11A and 11B, the x-axis value is the width direction length of the block, and the y-axis value is the deck level of the block. The x-axis value sets the leftmost end of the block to 0, and increases as the distance from the left end increases.

Referring to FIG. 11, it can be seen that the H value of the entire x-axis is included in the dimensional quality error range in each of the graphs (a) and (b). From these results, it can be seen that the block finally manufactured is similar to the target shape. That is, it can be understood that the method of manufacturing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the manufacturing of a real ship.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, And are not used to limit the scope of the present invention described in the scope. Therefore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and equivalent embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims.

B: Block
F: Finite demand network
S: Frame

Claims (4)

Calculating an inverse setting amount of the block,
Inverting the block,
Performing a welding of the block, and
The method comprising the steps of: The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the step of calculating an inverse setting amount of the block comprises:
Selecting a block,
Analyzing the deformation by welding,
Determining a maximum deformation amount of the block,
Executing a block-inverted mesh network generation algorithm,
Generating a mesh of the reverse setting shape,
Re-analyzing the deformation by welding,
If the deformation amount of the block is compared with the reference value and the deformation amount is higher than the reference value,
And deriving an optimal reverse setting shape if the amount of deformation is less than the reference value. 3. The method of claim 2,
In the step of calculating an inverse setting amount of the block,
Executing the algorithm for generating a network of vertices with the block set up until the amount of deformation is less than a reference value; generating a mesh of the backset shape; and re-analyzing the deformation by the welding, A method of manufacturing a ship to be carried out. 3. The method of claim 2,
The step of analyzing the deformation by the welding includes:
Providing an electronic drawing shape of the block,
Generating a finite element mesh,
Receiving the material information input step,
Receiving welding information,
Receiving a support condition,
Deriving a deformation analysis result by welding, and
And storing the deformable block mesh network.

Images