KR20150099356A - 2940nm Dental laser system with Diode Pumped Soild State - Google Patents

2940nm Dental laser system with Diode Pumped Soild State Download PDF

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KR20150099356A
KR20150099356A KR1020140028283A KR20140028283A KR20150099356A KR 20150099356 A KR20150099356 A KR 20150099356A KR 1020140028283 A KR1020140028283 A KR 1020140028283A KR 20140028283 A KR20140028283 A KR 20140028283A KR 20150099356 A KR20150099356 A KR 20150099356A
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laser
diode
medium
light source
laser beam
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KR1020140028283A
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이성근
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주식회사 비앤비시스템
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B18/203—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser applying laser energy to the outside of the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/0046—Dental lasers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/02—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design characterised by the drive of the dental tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
    • A61C19/06—Implements for therapeutic treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00005—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe
    • A61B2018/00011—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
    • A61B2018/225—Features of hand-pieces
    • A61B2018/2253—Features of hand-pieces characterised by additional functions, e.g. surface cooling or detecting pathological tissue

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dental laser system which generates a laser beam of 2,940 nm by using a laser diode as a light source and, more specifically, to a 2940 nm dental laser system using diode pumping, which comprises: a laser oscillator which uses a diode as a light source to generate a laser beam of 2,940 nm; a temperature control means which enables the light source of the diode to accurately enter a medium of the laser oscillator at an optimal wavelength to be absorbed into the medium; and a spray means which supplies water drops to teeth in the case of sectioning the teeth. The dental laser system in accordance with the present invention comprises: a laser oscillator which generates a laser beam of 2,940 nm using a laser diode as a light source; a handpiece which emits the laser beam into an affected area; an optical fiber which delivers the laser beam generated in the laser oscillator to the handpiece; and a temperature control means which enables coolant to circulate around the laser diode and the medium of the laser oscillator.

Description

[0002] A 2940nm dental laser device using diode pumping (2940nm dental laser system with Diode Pumped Soild State)

The present invention relates to a laser apparatus for generating a laser beam having a wavelength of 2940 nm by using a laser diode as a light source, and more particularly to a laser apparatus having a laser oscillator using a diode as a light source for producing a laser beam of 2940 nm, A temperature adjusting means for accurately making a wavelength of the laser beam to be absorbed into the medium of the laser oscillator, and a spraying means for supplying water droplets to the tooth during tooth clearing. The present invention relates to a 2940 nm dental laser apparatus using diode pumping.

Although lasers have been used extensively in the medical field, to date, most medical lasers use flash lamps as light sources.

Industrial lasers, on the other hand, are changing the light source from many types of lasers to flash lasers and laser diodes.

The advantage of using a laser diode as a light source is that it can improve the output efficiency, the life of the product, and the miniaturization of the equipment. The biggest disadvantage is that the peak power can not be easily implemented in the flash lamp type.

To take peak power high, you should take the pulse width as small as possible at the same energy. Since most of the industrial lasers are CW lasers, the peak power corresponds to the maximum power of the laser, which can replace the light source corresponding to the maximum output power of the laser diode. I could.

However, the medical laser has various uses such as being used for a special purpose and treatment, and thus, there are various kinds of laser beam wavelengths.

In addition to the use of surgical procedures such as incision for therapeutic purposes, most medical laser treatments such as skin regeneration, hair removal, tattoo removal, tooth removal, and ophthalmic surgery require laser beam specifications such as the wavelength, pulse width and energy of the laser beam Producing diodes laser beams of various wavelengths is not only technically difficult, but also requires a great deal of cost in production.

In contrast to industrial use, biological tissues exhibit completely different reactions depending on the wavelength of the laser beam, and the application is varied depending on the pulse width and energy.

CW laser is generally used for cutting, cutting, and marking in which laser is most used, since the industrial laser does not have a large difference in response by wavelength due to the wavelength acting on metals and plastics.

Instead, in industrial lasers, the size of the beam when the laser is irradiated onto the rod is a very important factor. The smaller the laser beam of several hundreds of micrometers, the more precise the process is.

Of course, Q-sw, Pico, and Femtosecond laser technologies with pulse widths of several nsec or less are emerging, but this is used for very fine ultra-precision processing in semiconductors and so on. For medical applications, It is used only for removing purpose.

The most important characteristic of the laser oscillator is that the laser medium, which is a wavelength determining element, has an absorption region for each wavelength.

As shown in FIG. 1, the light source of the flash lamp emits light of a wide band, but the light source of the laser diode emits light of a narrow band and has a wavelength band of about ns.

Since the wavelength of the laser diode currently produced mainly by the manufacturer is limited to several, it can not implement various wavelength laser for medical use.

Therefore, if the characteristic of the laser medium does not have the wavelength of the light source of the laser diode as an absorption band, it becomes impossible to use it as a light source.

A laser device using a laser diode as a light source is most commonly used for industrial and medical applications because it uses a Nd: YAG medium as a laser medium to generate a laser beam of 1064 nm. This is the most commercially available laser diode The wavelength of 810 nm is generated as a light source and the Nd: YAG medium has the highest absorption band at this wavelength as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, since the laser beam has a maximum water absorption degree at 2940 nm, it can be used in water jetting to absorb and explode a laser beam into water particles to be used for tooth removal. As a dental laser device, A laser beam having a wavelength of 2940 nm is preferable.

An Er: YAG medium is used for generating a laser beam having a wavelength of 2940 nm. As shown in FIG. 4, the absorption band of the Er: YAG medium is 815 nm at 760 nm and 985 nm at 955 nm.

Since the wavelength range of the light source emitted by the laser diode is only a few nanometers, 787 nm and 965 nm are optimum wavelengths in this wavelength band, but the laser diodes that emit the light of these two wavelengths are not used for commercial use. In other words, the manufacturer does not manufacture laser diodes that emit light at these two wavelengths, and currently available laser diodes emit light sources at 810 nm and 970 nm wavelengths.

Therefore, in order to produce a high efficiency laser beam using a laser diode and an Er: YAG medium, it is necessary to convert a 970 nm wavelength light emitted from the laser diode into a 965 nm wavelength and enter the Er: YAG medium. However, such means are not provided in the prior art.

In the flash lamp type laser, the output laser energy has a considerably high energy up to about 500 mJ.

However, if the flash lamp is used as a light source, the pulse rate can not be used over 30 Hz.

As the pulse rate increases, the efficiency decreases and generally 30 Hz becomes the maximum pulse rate.

The reason for this is that since the generation wavelength of the flash lamp is wide, the pulse output rate is increased and the laser output efficiency is decreased due to the wavelengths other than the wavelengths absorbed in the medium.

On the other hand, diode-pumped lasers can increase the pulse rate up to several KHz because all the wavelengths of the laser diode are absorbed by the medium.

Instead, laser diodes must be mounted with high power, which is limited to several KW due to economical and spatial problems.

Also, the capacity of the mounted laser diode is directly related to the output energy.

In order to generate a laser with a pulse width of 100 msec at 100 mJ, it is necessary to mount a 5 kW laser diode on the assumption that the efficiency is 20%.

Since the capacity of the laser diode is directly related to the cost, it is necessary to determine the maximum energy during manufacture and determine the capacity of the laser diode accordingly.

In the case of a flash lamp type laser, an average output of 5 W or more is required for tooth deletion. In order to produce the same average output, a diode laser may increase the pulse rate.

If the flash lamp type laser generates an output of 5W at 500mJ 10Hz, the diode laser should generate 100mJ 50Hz 5W.

However, it means the erosion rate within the same time. Actually, the surface roughness of the erosion surface is different, but the erosion surface at the time of the operation with the diode laser becomes more sophisticated than the flash lamp type laser.

This is advantageous in that when a high energy is irradiated at a low pulse rate, the mass to be erased is large, but when a low energy is irradiated at a high pulse rate, the mass to be erased is fine and the surface to be erased can be smoothed.

Especially, in dental treatment, fine surface is very important for dental caries treatment, so it is very welcome from users who use laser in dentistry.

In addition, unlike general hospitals, dental clinics are equipped with a number of dental chairs for each patient. Therefore, the size of dental facilities and equipment due to limited space is always a problem.

Conventional dental lasers are flashlamp type lasers, and therefore the size of the internal parts such as the power supply unit and the cooling unit is very large as well as the laser oscillator. Therefore, the conventional dental laser has become a factor of dissatisfaction from the user in installing and moving the dental unit.

In addition, cooling fan noise due to the large capacity of the cooling unit of the power supply and the laser oscillator is another complaint that the user has to endure.

In terms of performance, the conventional flash lamp type dental laser has a power output of less than 8W, so that the tooth erasure speed is much slower than the drill speed, so it is rarely used in procedures requiring a lot of tooth erasure.

The advantages of the laser compared to the drill is that it is welcomed by the patient and the practitioner after the treatment because it reduces the pain during the procedure, prevents the infection and improves the healing speed. However, .

However, diode-pumped lasers have a high laser efficiency and can provide a high output of more than 10 W, which improves the tooth erasure speed to be equal to the drill speed.

As mentioned above, the tooth deletion speed is proportional to the average output W, but when energy is increased to increase the output, the particles to be erased become larger, so that the normal teeth outside the tooth cavity are deleted. On the other hand, As a problem, it is impossible to transfer the laser through the optical fiber.

Therefore, it is an element of the laser for optimal tooth erasure that does not increase the energy while increasing the output. When using the flash lamp as the light source, the pulse rate is limited to about 30 Hz. none.

On the other hand, when the laser diode is used as a light source, there is no limitation on the pulse rate. Therefore, the output can be increased only by increasing the pulse rate without increasing the energy, and it is possible to realize a dental laser capable of removing teeth at high speed.

Prior Art No. 10-060241 entitled " Dental Laser Handpiece Incorporating Laser Generating Device ", Registered Patent No. 10-1158561 "Laser Surgical Apparatus for Dental Treatment Using 1440nm Wavelength" .

The present invention aims at fabricating a laser oscillator by replacing a light source with a 2940 nm dental laser using a conventional flash lamp light source with a laser diode, thereby reducing the overall size of the laser device and improving the product life.

And to speed up the tooth removal rate to the rate at which the drill is used.

In addition, when the laser diode of the present invention emits a light source having a wavelength of 970 nm and enters the laser medium as it is, the efficiency of the laser beam to be output is reduced, so that the light source emitted from the laser diode is converted into a light source having a wavelength of 965 nm, Thereby improving the efficiency of the dental laser apparatus.

Since the size and noise of the entire equipment can be greatly reduced due to the miniaturization of the power supply device and the cooling device due to the miniaturization of the laser oscillator and the increase of the laser efficiency, the installation and the movement in the small space are very easy, The present invention also provides a dental laser apparatus capable of providing an advantage of being able to be made.

In order to achieve the above object, a dental laser apparatus according to the present invention comprises:

A laser oscillator for generating a laser beam in a 2940 nm band using a laser diode as a light source;

A handpiece for irradiating the laser beam to the affected part;

An optical fiber for transmitting a laser beam generated by the laser oscillator to the handpiece;

And temperature control means for causing the cooling water to circulate around the laser diode and the medium of the laser oscillator.

And spray means for spraying water through the handpiece,

The Er: YAG medium is used as the medium of the laser oscillator,

Wherein a plurality of the diode modules are arranged radially in the longitudinal direction on the side of the Er: YAG medium,

The light source output from the laser diode has a wavelength of 960 to 970 nm,

The laser beam generated by the laser oscillator has a pulse width of 100 to 1000 microseconds, an energy of 50 mJ or more, and an output of 5 W or more.

The invention is based on the fact that the tooth removal rate of the 2940 nm dental laser using a conventional flash lamp as a light source is significantly lower than that of a drill, In addition to improving the speed at which the drill is used to improve the speed of the tooth removal, the roughness of the tooth surface after the procedure is smoother than the drill.

In addition, there is a problem that it is inconvenient to install and move in a narrow dental because of the external size and weight of the conventional dental laser. However, the dental laser device of the present invention greatly reduces the size of the product and is light in weight, Maximize sex.

In terms of the life span and maintenance of the product, since the life span of the conventional flash lamp is about 1 million times as long as the number of pulses, it is necessary to replace the flash lamp once a year, and the replacement of the flash lamp in the laser oscillator is a complicated operation However, since the laser diode of the present invention has a continuous use time of 100,000 hours or more irrespective of the number of pulses to be irradiated, it can be used semi-permanently without replacing the laser diode after purchasing the product. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the maintenance cost as well as the user.

In addition, since the wavelength of the light source of the laser diode currently being launched is 970 nm, when the laser beam is incident on the laser medium as it is, the efficiency of the generated laser beam is lowered and the wavelength of the light source emitted from the laser diode and entering the laser medium is 965 nm Thereby maximizing the efficiency.

1 shows the wavelength distribution of a light source generated in a flash lamp and a laser diode
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the absorbance per wavelength of an Nd: YAG medium
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the water absorption of the laser beam according to the wavelength.
4 is an absorption diagram of the Er: YAG medium by wavelength.
5 is a schematic block diagram of a 2940 nm dental laser apparatus using diode pumping according to the present invention.
6 is a configuration diagram of a laser oscillator having a laser diode as a light source.
7 is a schematic block diagram of a temperature control means for circulating cooling water around a laser diode and a laser medium.
8 is a structural diagram of the laser diode driver of the present invention
9 is a comparative view of the laser beam output according to the input current of the laser diode.

Hereinafter, a 2940 nm dental laser apparatus using diode pumping according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Before describing the present invention in more detail,

While the present invention has been described in connection with certain embodiments, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same reference numerals, and in particular, the numerals of the tens and the digits of the digits, the digits of the tens, the digits of the digits and the alphabets are the same, Members referred to by reference numerals can be identified as members corresponding to these standards.

In the drawings, the components are expressed by exaggeratingly larger (or thicker) or smaller (or thinner) in size or thickness in consideration of the convenience of understanding, etc. However, It should not be.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the term " comprising " or " consisting of ", or the like, refers to the presence of a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art and are to be interpreted as either ideal or overly formal in the sense of the present application Do not.

As shown in FIG. 5, the laser device according to the present invention includes a diode pump type laser oscillator 10, a driver 20, an optical fiber 30, a handpiece 40, a spraying means 50, Means 60, and controller 70,

They work synergistically and generate a laser with a wavelength of 2940 nm, which is optimal for tooth removal using the Er: YAG medium.

The most suitable laser for tooth removal is a laser with a wavelength of 2940nm, a pulse width of 100μsec to 200μsec, and a laser generator with an energy output of 100mJ or more and an average output power of 10W

The laser oscillator 10 generates a laser beam of 2940 nm band using the laser diode 11 as a light source,

The driver 20 drives the laser diode 11 of the laser oscillator 10,

The optical fiber 30 transmits the laser beam generated by the laser oscillator 10 to the handpiece 40,

The handpiece 40 irradiates the transmitted laser beam to the affected part,

The spraying means 50 injects water together with the laser beam through the handpiece 40,

The temperature regulating means 60 circulates the laser oscillator 10 to protect the laser medium (Er: YAG), and the light source emitted from the laser diode 11 has a wavelength of 965 nm to be incident on the laser medium,

The controller 70 controls the driver 20, the temperature regulating means 60 and the spraying means 50.

The optical fiber 30 is soft and allows the laser beam to be transmitted without obstruction even if the position and posture of the handpiece 40 are continuously changed in a complicated and narrow space in the mouth.

However, the optical fiber 30 for 2940 nm transmission has a maximum transmission energy of 500 mJ.

If the energy higher than this is applied to the input end of the optical fiber 30, the optical fiber 30 is damaged. Therefore, in order to increase the average output without increasing the energy for tooth deletion, only the pulse rate increases.

However, as mentioned above, the pulse rate is about 30 Hz when the flash lamp is used as the light source.

Therefore, in order to overcome this problem, the laser oscillator 10 is manufactured by replacing the light source with the laser diode 11.

6, the laser oscillator 10 includes an Er: YAG medium 13, a reflector 12, an HR 14 (total reflection mirror), an OC (15) laser as a laser medium 11 and a laser medium 13 (Partial-emission mirror), and a reflector 12. [

The laser diode 11 outputs a light source for generating a laser beam, irradiates the laser medium 13 with the laser beam,

A light source incident on the laser medium 13 resonates between the HR 14 (total reflection mirror) and the OC 15 (partial emission mirror) to be converted into a laser beam, (Partial-injection mirror) and is incident on the optical fiber 30,

The reflector 12 allows the light emitted from the laser diode 11 to be incident on the laser medium 13 without loss.

The laser diode 11 emits a light source for generating a laser beam, and the wavelength of the light source emitted from the laser diode 11 is very narrow.

If the wavelength of the light source emitted from the laser diode 11 deviates from the absorption band of the laser medium 13 (Er: YAG), the laser beam is not absorbed at all and the wavelength of the light source is maximized to the laser medium 13 Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > of the < / RTI >

The divergence angle of the light source of the laser diode 11 is completely different from that of the flash lamp which radiates 360 degrees radially at about 30 degrees. In order to increase the efficiency of the laser, the light source must be incident on the laser medium 13 as much as possible. In the flash lamp, the lamp and the medium 13 are positioned inside the reflector, and the light of the flash lamp reflected from the reflector is collected in the medium 13 And the performance of the reflector is wholly related to the laser output efficiency. On the other hand, since the laser oscillator 10 having the laser diode 11 as a light source has a constant divergence angle, the output beam of the laser diode 11 must be brought close to the medium 13 as much as possible.

The laser diode 11 may be disposed behind the HR 14 (total reflection mirror) so that the light source emitted from the laser diode 11 is incident to the laser medium 13 in the longitudinal direction through the lens, When the KW high power laser diode 11 is used, the energy density becomes large when the light source is sent to the laser medium 13 through the lens, so that the laser medium 13 and the lens are damaged, It is preferable that the laser medium 13 is irradiated with the light source of the laser diode 11.

Since the output of the single laser diode 11 is generally 200 W or less at most, ten or more laser diodes 11 are required to mount the laser diode 11 of several KW or more.

In order to effectively illuminate the light source 13 outputted from the plurality of laser diodes 11, the three diode modules 11a in three directions are arranged at an angle of 120 degrees in the present invention, So that the medium 13 is irradiated. A plurality of laser diodes 11 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the diode module 11a.

The laser oscillator 10 generating the same average output can minimize the diameter and the length of the laser medium 13 in the diode pumped method using the laser diode 11. [ This is because the absorption efficiency of the medium 13 by wavelength is higher than that of the flash lamp system, so the overall output efficiency rises by about 20% at less than 1%.

The flash lamp is discarded except for the absorption band of the medium 13 due to a wide spectrum of the wavelengths generated during discharge, so that a large amount of heat loss occurs. However, if the wavelength of the laser diode 11 is adjusted using the maximum absorption band, The output light source of the diode 11 is mostly absorbed by the medium 13 and converted into a laser beam so that the same output can be generated by the medium 13 having a relatively small size.

The medium 13 is the most expensive component when constructing the laser oscillator 10, and if the cost thereof is reduced, the manufacturing cost of the laser oscillator 10 as a whole is also reduced, which can bring about a considerable cost saving effect.

The specification of the OC (15) (partial reflection mirror) has a transmittance of 80-90% in a flash lamp laser. In the flash lamp system, the output energy converted from the pumping energy has a conversion efficiency of 1% or less, but the efficiency of the diode pump laser is about 20%.

However, the pumping energy of the flash lamp is charged and discharged according to the repetition of laser pulses. The average power is 1-2 KW, and the pumping energy is about 50 J to produce several hundred mJ of laser energy.

However, since the pulse width is several hundreds of usec, a laser having a very high peak power is generated.

Therefore, when the transmittance of the OC 15 is high, the OC 15 is damaged, and generally OC (15) having a transmittance of 80-90% is used.

On the other hand, in the diode pump laser, the OC 15 having a high transmittance of 95% or more is used. In order to generate the desired peak power, the laser diode 11, which is a light source, A diode 11 is required.

That is, to generate a laser having a pulse width of 100 μsec at an energy of 100 mJ, it is necessary to have a peak power of 1 KW (100 mJ / 100 μsec) and a laser diode 11 of 5 KW at an efficiency of 20%.

In order to constitute the laser diode 11 of several KW, several hundreds of W of diode modules 11a must be sequentially arranged. In order to irradiate the side surface of the medium 13, the diode modules 11a are arranged side by side, Thereby constituting a laser diode 11 generating module.

The laser of the flash lamp can generate a peak power of 1J or more, but the output of the laser diode 11 mounted in the diode pump system is required to be high.

Since the laser generation energy is low, OC (15) with a high transmittance of 95% or more should be used to increase the output efficiency. Of course, if the output of the laser diode 11 is increased infinitely, the generated energy may be close to the flash lamp type laser. However, since economical efficiency and effectiveness and average power (peak power x pulse repetition rate) The device can increase the pulse repetition rate to a low output of 100 mJ, which can make the average output higher than flash ramp type lasers. This shows that tooth removal is superior to conventional flash lamp type laser.

The configuration and specifications of the power supply device corresponding to the driver 20 of the laser diode 11 are also very different. The pumping energy required for the flash lamp laser is over 50J. To make a pulse width of 100usec, a charging device and a discharging device should be constructed so that a voltage of 1000V or more is charged to a capacitor of 100uF. A flash device Lt; / RTI >

Since a high current of 1000 A or more occurs at the time of discharging, a high-voltage high-current switching device is required instead of a general device, and the capacity of the power supply device constituted is several KW.

However, in the diode pump laser, a constant voltage other than a pumping type which is charged and discharged is charged in a capacitor of a large capacity, and then the pulse is switched from 100 μsec to several hundred μsec to supply current to the laser diode 11.

At this time, the voltage is several tens V and the current is several hundred A. It also consists of a power supply with a capacity of hundreds of W because of its high laser conversion efficiency.

As mentioned above, less than 1% of the flash lamp type laser and less than 20% of the diode pump type laser are converted into a laser beam, and the remainder are mostly converted into heat.

Since the heat generated at this time seriously damages the laser medium 13 reflector 12, it is necessary to provide a cooling device that can maintain the temperature below a predetermined temperature.

The capacity of the cooling device requires a large-capacity water-cooled cooling device in order to keep the heat of the flash lamp type laser at 1 KW or more below 40 degrees.

On the other hand, diode pump lasers can be equipped with smaller capacity cooling devices because the conversion efficiency is low and the average power actually used is several hundreds of W.

The actual diode pump laser is equipped with a laser diode 11 of several KW, but this is the maximum output capacity when the CW operation is performed. However, in the present invention, since the pulse width is several hundreds of usec and the duty ratio is 0.1 to 0.2, The device capacity is reduced in proportion to duty.

However, the flash lamp type laser is manufactured without a control device so that the temperature can be maintained to such an extent that the temperature change of the cooling water is not important and only the damage of the laser oscillator 10 parts can be prevented.

However, in the laser diode 11, not only the damage due to heat but also the wavelength of the light source changes according to the temperature change, and the changed wavelength changes the laser beam output of the laser oscillator 10 in relation to the fluctuation of the absorption region of the medium 13.

When the diode pumping laser is implemented, the absorption band of the medium 13 is the maximum at 965 nm, so the wavelength of the light source of the laser diode 11 should be adjusted to 965 nm.

Since the high power laser diode 11 is commercialized up to 970 nm, 965 nm is not commercialized. Therefore, in order to change the output wavelength of the 970 nm laser diode 11 to 965 nm, the operating temperature of the laser diode 11 must be adjusted.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a temperature control means 60 capable of temperature control with a very small amount of cooling device.

The temperature control means 60 adjusts the temperature of the circulating cooling water so that the laser diode 11 outputs a light source with a wavelength of 965 nm .

Since the temperature increases when the laser diode 11 is operated, the operation of the heat exchanger for cooling is controlled so that the laser diode 11 has an optimal absorption wavelength of 965 nm.

The temperature regulating means 60 for regulating the operating temperature of the laser diode 11 to output a light source having a wavelength of 965 nm is, as shown in FIG. 7,

A tank 61 in which the cooling water 65 is stored,

A pump 62 for circulating water in the tank 61,

A heat exchanger 63 for maintaining the temperature of the cooling water 65 circulated through the heat exchange at a constant temperature,

And a cooling tube 64 surrounding the periphery of the laser medium 13 and passing around the laser diode 11 as a part of the circulation path of the cooling water 65.

The cooling tube 64 must have a maximum transmittance of 900% or more at 900-1000 nm so that the light emitted from the laser diode 11 mounted on the outside is transmitted to the medium 13 without loss.

The temperature of the cooling water (65) is measured to adjust the temperature of the cooling water (65) when manufacturing the laser oscillator (10), and the optimum temperature is set after confirming the temperature at which the output of the laser beam is maximized.

Once set, the temperature control means 60 operates so that the cooling water 65 circulated through the temperature control device always maintains the optimum temperature in accordance with the preset optimum temperature even after being mounted on the laser surgery machine.

The spraying means 50 irradiates a few milliliters of water particles per minute with a laser beam through the hemp piece to be surely mounted on the dental laser for water spraying, which is indispensable for tooth cleansing.

An apparatus (not shown) for focusing the laser beam on the end face of the optical fiber 30 is required in order to transmit the laser beam generated by the laser oscillator 10 to the optical fiber 30.

The diode pump 62 laser uses a medium 13 of a shorter and smaller diameter than the laser medium 13 and the temperature control is maintained accurately so that the distortion of the laser beam is much smaller than that of the flash lamp type laser, The diameter of the laser beam is proportional to the diameter of the optical fiber 30, and thus the laser beam can be transmitted to the optical fiber 30 having a small diameter of 300 μm or less.

The laser beam focused by the small optical fiber 30 is advantageous for tooth deletion because the energy density is high when the laser beam is output from the optical fiber 30 again.

The handpiece 40 has an optical unit that emits water particles of a small size using water and air supplied from the spray device and directs the laser beam transmitted from the optical fiber 30 to teeth.

The driver 20 controls driving of the laser diode 11 to adjust the pulse width and energy of the laser beam generated by the laser oscillator 10.

The driver 20 supplies a current to the laser diode 11 for a time corresponding to the pulse width, wherein the intensity of the current is proportional to the laser output as shown in FIG.

8, the driver 20 includes a variable DC constant-voltage charging device 21 and a high-capacity capacitor bank 22 for adjusting the driving current, so that even when a high current is discharged from the capacitor, .

The discharge device 23 constitutes a switching device using the IGBT so that the current is switched according to the pulse width to be supplied to the laser diode 11.

Then, the current flowing through the laser diode 11 is monitored to constitute a protection device so as to be operated below the maximum driving current. A protective device is provided so as not to damage the expensive laser diode 11 to control the maximum current used when the laser diode 11 is driven.

While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, a 2940 nm dental laser apparatus using diode pumping having a specific shape and structure has been described. However, the present invention can be variously modified and changed by those skilled in the art, Modifications are to be construed as falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

10; Laser Oscillator 20: Driver
30; Optical fiber 40; Handpiece
50; Spray means 60; Temperature control means
70; controller

Claims (4)

A laser oscillator for generating a laser beam in a 2940 nm band using a laser diode as a light source;
A handpiece for irradiating the laser beam to the affected part;
An optical fiber for transmitting a laser beam generated by the laser oscillator to the handpiece;
And temperature control means for causing the cooling water to circulate around the laser diode and the medium of the laser oscillator. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising: spray means for spraying water through the handpiece. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 29. < / RTI > The method according to claim 1,
The Er: YAG medium is used as the medium of the laser oscillator,
Wherein a plurality of the diode modules are arranged radially in a longitudinal direction on the side of the Er: YAG medium, wherein the plurality of diode modules are arranged at regular intervals. Laser device. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The light source output from the laser diode has a wavelength of 960 to 970 nm,
Wherein the laser beam generated by the laser oscillator has a pulse width of 100 to 1000 microseconds, an energy of 50 mJ or more, and an output of 5 W or more.
KR1020140028283A 2014-02-21 2014-03-11 2940nm Dental laser system with Diode Pumped Soild State KR20150099356A (en)

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KR20140020587 2014-02-21
KR1020140020587 2014-02-21

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