KR20150096681A

KR20150096681A - Sealed, thermally insulating vessel

Info

Publication number: KR20150096681A
Application number: KR1020157016667A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 니콜라스 떼나르; 기욤 레클레르; 제리 캉레
Original assignee: 가즈트랑스포르 에 떼끄니가즈
Priority date: 2012-12-21
Filing date: 2013-12-03
Publication date: 2015-08-25
Also published as: WO2014096600A1; CN104870882A; AU2013366322A1; CN104870882B; KR101994435B1; FR3000042B1; AU2013366322B2; FR3000042A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a secondary insulation barrier of an enclosed thermal insulation container, comprising: a heat insulation barrier which is attached to the support structure to form a substantially uniform support surface for the secondary seal membrane and which has a generally parallelepiped shape A set of warming elements (6); And retaining members that engage the heat retaining elements and are attached to the retaining surface between the attached heat retaining elements so that the heat retaining elements are retained in the retaining structure. The thermal insulation element of the secondary insulation barrier comprises: a first parallel hexahedral subassembly (11, 13, 14) extending parallel to the secondary hermetic membrane; And a second parallelepiped subassembly (16, 18) having a relatively short length such that the top surface (21) is left uncovered. Wherein the retaining member comprises an attachment element having peripheral portions, the peripheral portions engaging an uncovered portion of the upper surface (21) of the middle panels of the thermal insulation elements (6) A retaining member for retaining the warming elements on the support surface is disposed.

Description

Description of the Related Art [0002] Sealed, thermally insulating vessel

The present invention relates to the field of a sealed thermal insulation tank, particularly a membrane-lined tank for receiving liquefied gas, disposed in a support structure for containing a cold fluid.

Closed thermal insulation tanks can be used in various industries to store hot or cold products. For example, in the case of the energy sector, liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a liquid with a high methane content, which is mounted on land storage tanks or aquifers, Lt; 0 > C.

Such tanks are described, for example, in FR-A-2867831. The known tanks, primary insulation barriers, and secondary insulation barriers herein are made up of modular, juxtaposed, parallel, hexagonal wooden boxes. The boxes are filled with lagging packing made of expanded perlite or aerogel material.

FR-A-2798902 also discloses another LNG tank disposed in the hull of a ship in which each of the primary and secondary insulation barriers are joined to spacer pieces made of plywood, It is made of a single layer of boxes filled with a foam block with a low density of about 40 kg / m ³ .

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved sealed thermal insulation tank.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a sealed and thermally insulating tank disposed inside a bearing structure for receiving a low temperature fluid,

One wall of the tank may include a primary sealed membrane intended to contact the fluid, a primary insulating barrier, a secondary sealed membrane parallel to the primary sealed membrane, And a secondary insulation barrier disposed between the secondary sealing membrane and the support structure,

The secondary insulating barrier comprises a set of lagging elements that are juxtaposed on the support structure and have a generally parallelepipedal shape so that the substantial To form a uniform support surface,

Retaining members attached to the support structure between the juxtaposed warming elements cooperate with the thermal elements to allow the thermal elements to be retained in the retaining structure,

The insulating element of the secondary insulating barrier comprises:

A first parallelepipedal subassembly extending parallel to the secondary hermetic membrane, the first parallelepipedal subassembly comprising a first high-density polymer foam block, a second high density polymer foam block below the first high density polymer foam block, An intermediate panel joined to the first high density polymer foam block and a second intermediate panel disposed between the bottom panel and the intermediate panel and extending in the thickness direction of the first high density polymer foam block A first parallel hexagon subassembly comprising a plurality of small cross section stiffening posts; And

A second parallel hexagonal subassembly extending parallel to the secondary hermetic membrane, the second parallel hexagonal subassembly comprising: a second polymer foam block bonded to the intermediate panel and a second polymer foam block bonded to the second polymer foam block, A cover panel; A length less than a length of the first parallelepiped subassembly; A second parallel hexagonal subassembly substantially centered on said first parallel hexagonal subassembly to leave the upper surface of the uncovered intermediate panel at two opposite end portions of said first parallel hexagonal subassembly, Lt; / RTI >

The retaining member comprising: a rod having an orientation in the thickness direction of the secondary insulating barrier and having a lower end portion attached to the support structure; And a fastener coupled to an upper end portion of the rod, the fastener having a lower side that is parallel to the secondary sealing membrane and separated by a distance equal to the thickness of the second parallelepiped subassembly, And having a surface and an upper surface,

The lower surface of the fastener has peripheral parts cooperating with the uncovered part of the upper surface of the middle panels of the thermal elements, in between there is arranged a retaining element to hold the thermal elements in the support structure ,

Wherein the upper surface of the fastener lies at the same level as the upper surface of the cover panels of the thermal insulation elements, with the retaining member forming with the cover panels a substantially uniform support surface for the secondary seal membrane .

According to some embodiments, such a tank may include at least one of the following features.

The reinforcing posts may be provided in a first parallel hexagonal subassembly in a variety of ways and in a greater or lesser number. According to one embodiment, the reinforcing posts of the first parallelepiped subassembly are disposed between the bottom panel and the middle panel at two opposite end portions of the first parallelepiped subassembly. Due to such a configuration, an arbitrary compression load is transmitted to the uncovered portion of the intermediate panel through the fastener, so that an effective reaction can be obtained.

According to one embodiment, the first parallelepiped subassembly includes four reinforcement posts disposed at four corners of the first foam block. This arrangement makes it possible to create a relatively rigid frame in a simple manner in order to stabilize the foam block, especially for bending moment loads caused by differential thermal expansion. Preferably, the ends of the reinforcing posts are attached, for example staple, opposed, and / or joined to the bottom panel and the intermediate panel.

According to one embodiment, the first parallel hexagonal subassembly comprises a first parallel hexagonal subassembly in each of the four corners of the first parallel hexagonal subassembly for forming clearances in which the retaining members are disposed, And wherein the recess has a width equal to the width of the uncovered end portion of the intermediate panel such that the recessed portion of the first parallelepiped subassembly A lateral wall is aligned with a lateral wall of the second parallelepiped subassembly.

According to one embodiment, the recess has a rectangular cross-section, and the reinforcing posts disposed at the corners of the first foam block have two perpendicular wings extending along two sides of the recess . This arrangement makes it possible in particular to protect the corners of the foam block from accidental damage during the mounting of the retaining members.

According to one embodiment, the fastener comprises a lower metal mounting plate forming a lower surface, an upper metal mounting plate forming an upper surface, and a lower metal mounting plate disposed between the lower metal mounting plate and the upper metal mounting plate, And a block made of an insulating material. Such a configuration makes it possible to manufacture a relatively wide fastener to spread the load to be transferred to the intermediate panel that engages the lower surface. This arrangement also makes it possible to manufacture relatively strong fasteners, so that even if adjacent secondary heat-insulating elements are damaged, the fasteners can react against any compressive load, and at the same time, Thermal bridging can be suppressed.

The panels may be made of a composite material having various materials, e.g., resistance to bending force and shear force. According to one embodiment, the bottom panel, the middle panel, and the cover panel are made of plywood. Such materials are economical and offer a variety of procurement possibilities.

According to one embodiment, the high density polymer foam has a density of greater than 90 kg / m < ³ >, for example a density of 120 to 140 kg / m < ^{3 &} gt ;. In particular, the high density polymer foam may be selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane foam and a polyurethane foam reinforced with glass fibers.

According to one embodiment, in order to compensate for deficiencies that may exist in the flatness of the support structure, mastic beads of mastic disposed on the lower surface of the bottom panel are seated against the support structure do.

According to one embodiment, the primary insulation barrier is made of juxtaposed warming elements, and the thermal insulation elements of the primary insulation barrier each comprise a thermal insulation packing (hereinafter referred to as " thermal insulation ") made substantially of mineral wool or perlite insulating packing.

According to one embodiment, the or each sealing membrane comprises parallel strips of sheet metal and parallel welding flanges retained on the underlying insulating barrier, wherein the strips Wherein the longitudinal edges are folded back to protrude toward the inside of the tank and each of the weld flanges is formed with two sheet metal strips to form a sealed welded joint with the adjacent, sheet-metal strips in the tank.

Such tanks may form part of a land based storage facility, for example LNG, or a floating or oceanic floating structure, in particular a methane tank line, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) Floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) units, and the like.

According to one embodiment, there is provided a vessel for transporting a low temperature liquid product comprising a double hull and the enclosed thermal insulation tank disposed in the double hull.

According to one embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for loading or unloading a ship as described above, wherein the cold liquid product is passed through insulated pipes, in a floating or onshore storage facility facility to a tank of the ship or from a tank of the ship to a floating or onshore storage facility.

According to one embodiment, the present invention also provides a transfer system for delivering a low temperature liquid product, comprising: a vessel as described above; Insulating pipes arranged to connect a tank installed on the hull of the ship to a floating or onshore storage facility; And a pump for flowing the cold liquid product through the insulating pipes, from a floating or land storage facility to a tank of the ship or from a tank of the ship to a floating or terrestrial storage facility.

On the basis of the present invention, there is an idea to design a tank wall structure, particularly a secondary insulation barrier structure, which provides favorable characteristics in terms of heat insulation, mechanical strength, and cost.

A feature of the present invention is derived from the observation that the temperature difference between the interior of the tank and the exterior of the tank generates a thermal gradient inside the thermal insulation elements when the sealed thermal insulation tank is filled with liquefied natural gas. Such a thermal gradient can lead to differential expansion phenomena in a bonded assembly of polymeric foam and other rigid materials, for example plywood, which may cause stresses that tend to cause bending of the thermal elements Is high. Such bending is particularly advantageous when the means for attaching the heating element in the tank can not fully counteract the stress, for example when the heating element is not bonded to the hull over its entire surface area (surface area) Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > attachment points. &Lt; / RTI >

It is a feature of the present invention that a relatively thick thermal insulation element for the secondary insulation barrier is made, starting from the idea of placing the middle panel in the thickness of the thermal insulation element to suppress the bending stress of the thermal origin will be.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The objects, details, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of certain specific embodiments of the invention, which is presented by way of non-limiting example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, Will be.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing a state in which a wall of a closed type heat insulating tank is cut.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the secondary insulation element of the wall of Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is a view of the secondary heat keeping element of Fig. 2 viewed in the direction of arrow III.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the corner post of the secondary heat-insulating element as viewed from the cross-section shown by IV in Fig. 3;
Figure 5 is a view of a coupler that may be used in the tank wall of Figure 1;
Figure 6 is a schematic view of a methane tanker with a tank shown as cut and a terminal for loading / offloading the tank.
Figures 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams illustrating differential contraction phenomena that produce bending moments.

A brief description of differential shrinkage phenomenon will be described using two simple examples schematically shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Fig.

The plywood panel 37 is bonded to the thicker monolithic polymer foam layer 36. The plywood panel 37 and the polymer foam layer 36 are subjected to a thermal gradient 38 downward. This means that the temperature of the plywood panel 37 is lower than the temperature at the lower surface 41 of the polymer foam layer 36. The polymer foam has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the plywood. Thus, the polymer foam shrinks more than the plywood panel 37 against ambient air under the influence of the thermal gradient 38. Since the plywood panel 37 and the polymer foam layer 36 are bonded together and in addition the polymer foam layer 36 has greater flexural rigidity than the plywood panel 37, The panel 37 and the polymer foam layer 36 tend to bend in a convex curvature 39.

The same phenomenon may be observed in the second example shown schematically in Fig. 8, where the plywood panel 37 is bonded to the underside of the polymer foam layer 36. In this case, however, the polymer foam layer 36 and the plywood panel 37 have a tendency to bend into a convex curve 40 opposite to the convex curve 39 described in the first example. In addition, because the plywood panel 37 is located below the polymer foam layer 36, the plywood panel 37 is subjected to higher heat than the first example for the same thermal gradient 38. As a result, it is shrunk less than in the case of the first example, resulting in a convex curve 40 that is more pronounced than the convex curve 39 of the first example. This is because the heat shrinkage difference between the polymer foam layer 36 and the plywood panel 37 is larger than in the case of the first example.

1 shows an enclosed heat insulating wall, which is shown as a cutaway perspective view to show the structure of this wall. Such a structure may be employed over a wide variety of surfaces in various orientations to cover the bottom wall, top wall, and side wall of the storage vessel. Therefore, the orientation of FIG. 1 is nonlimiting in this respect.

The tank wall is attached to the wall of the support structure (1). Typically, regardless of the direction of the tank wall relative to the Earth's gravitational field, the term "upper" means a position relatively positioned toward the inside of the storage vessel, and "lower" Refers to a closely spaced location.

The tank wall has a secondary insulating barrier 2, a secondary sealing barrier 3 held on top of the secondary insulating barrier 2, a primary insulating barrier 4 held on the secondary sealing barrier 3, And a primary sealing barrier (5) held on top of the primary insulating barrier (4).

The secondary insulation barriers 2 are made up of a plurality of parallelepipedic secondary insulation modules 6 which are arranged side by side in order to substantially cover the inner surface of the support structure 1 . In order to keep the sealing membranes flat, a mastic bead line 7 is provided between the lower surface of the secondary insulation modules 6 and the supporting structure 1. [ This mastic bead wire is joined to the lower surface of the secondary insulation module 6, for example. The mastic bead wire does not adhere to the supporting structure 1 because a kraft paper (not shown) is inserted between the mastic and the supporting structure 1. According to one embodiment, the mastic bead line may be a wavy bead line as described in FR-A1-2931535. Blocks 28 are also provided on the support walls to support the corners of the secondary insulation modules 6.

The secondary insulation module 6 is shown in more detail in Figures 2 and 3. This is made up of two parts, a parallel hexagonal subassembly 10 at the lower part near the support structure 1 and a parallel hexagonal subassembly 20 at the upper part with a slightly shorter length .

The parallelepipedal subassembly 10 comprises a high density polymer foam block 11 sandwiched between two flat plywood panels 13 and 14 which is made of polyurethane with or without glass fibers Can be made. The foam block 11 has a rectangular shape and is generally parallelepiped. The corners are provided with cutouts for passage of the corner posts 12.

The bottom panel 13 and the middle panel 14 have the same shape, that is, a rectangular shape, and rectangular corners 15 are provided at each corner, 6) so that a gap is formed in the tank wall at the interface between them. These gaps are intended to accommodate the mechanical couplers 30 shown in FIG.

Thus, the cutout of the subassembly 10 is optimized to minimize the thermal chimneys present between the foam blocks. Preferably, the passages for the mechanical couplers 30 in the corners and the assembled clearances are the only gaps present.

The foam block 11 is bonded to the bottom panel 13 and the middle panel 14 over the entire surface area. At each corner, the foam block 11 is joined to the corner post 12 over its entire height. The corner post 12 is also attached to the bottom panel 13 and the middle panel 14 by staples or the like.

4 shows a cross-section of the corner post 12 according to one embodiment. The inner surfaces 17 are joined to the lateral walls of the foam block 11 while the outer surfaces 15 have continuity with the bottom panel 13 and the rectangular recess 15 of the middle panel 14. The corner posts 12 can counteract a given compressive load during use, thereby suppressing the compression and creep of the foam block 11.

The parallelepiped subassembly 20 disposed on the upper side of the secondary insulation module 6 includes an intermediate panel 14 made of plywood and a second high density polymer foam block 16 interposed between the cover panel 18 Which may be made of a polyurethane foam, especially with or without glass fibers. The foam block 16 is bonded to the cover panel 18 and the intermediate panel 14 over its entire surface area, and does not have a post, which simplifies manufacture and assembly. The foam block 16 is substantially less thicker than the foam block 11, e.g. having a thickness which is approximately one-third of the thickness of the foam block 11. Because the parallelepipedal subassembly 20 is not as long as the parallelepiped subassembly 10, the two longitudinal ends of the middle panel 14 are not covered, and the upper, clear surface of the strip is in the form of a strip. 21 are provided.

In order to make the manufacture of the tank wall easier, the secondary insulation module 6 is preferably supplied in the form of pre-fabricated elements. In one embodiment, it is provided in the following dimensions.

The length of the subassembly 10: 118 cm

The length of subassembly 20: 114 cm

Width of secondary insulation module 6: 100 cm

Thickness of the foam block 11: 20 cm

The thickness of the foam block 16: 6.5 cm

Thickness of the cover panel 18: 1.5 cm

Thickness of bottom panel 13: 1 cm

Thickness of the middle panel 14: 1 cm

Thickness of secondary insulation module (6): 30 cm

The thicknesses of such insulating barriers are determined by the dimensions of the previous designs and thus the components distributed on the market, such as anchoring systems, hermetic membranes, It is advantageous because it is compatible with the various special zones provided by the trihedral corners.

Referring again to Figure 1, it can be seen that mechanical couplers 30 are located at the corners of the secondary insulation module 6, there are four mechanical couplers 30 per module 6 . The clearance surface 21 of the intermediate panel 14 enables the mechanical couplers 30 to be mounted so that the secondary insulation modules 6 are retained in the support wall 1. [

The mechanical coupler 30 is shown in detail in Fig. The mechanical coupler 30 comprises a socket 22 which is fixed to the support structure 1 at a position corresponding to the gap in the corners of the four adjacent secondary insulation modules 6 ). The socket (22) supports the first rod (23) in the socket (22). The rod 23 passes between adjacent modules 6. Fastening members are mounted on the rods 23 for clamping the modules 6 to the support structure 1 at the exit surfaces 21 of the intermediate panel 14. [ The fastening member includes a lower metal mounting plate 24, an upper mounting plate 26 and a plywood block 25 which are connected to the lower metal mounting plate 24 and the upper mounting plate 26 , And is also mounted on the lower metal mounting plate 24 to reduce thermal bridging to the support structure 1. The height of such a configuration is determined so that the cover panels 18 supporting the secondary membrane 3 and the upper mounting plate 26 are at the same height. In other words, the thickness 29 of the fastening member formed by the block 25 and the mounting plates 24, 26 is equal to the thickness of the subassembly 20. In addition, the thickness of the subassembly 10 corresponds to the distance 50 between the block 28 and the lower metal mounting plate 24.

The wooden block 25 has a housing 47 in which the upper end of the rod 23 is engaged by central drilling in the lower metal mounting plate 24. [ The lower metal mounting plate 24 is retained on the rod 23 by means of nuts 48, in which a plurality of Belleville washers 49 are interposed in order to allow a resilient clearance.

At the corners of the subassembly 10, the compressive load exerted on the heat insulating module 6 by the mechanical coupler 30 is counteracted by the corner posts 12.

The cover panels 18 of the heat insulating modules 6 further comprise a pair of parallel slots 19 having a somewhat inverted T shape which are weld flanges with the shape of angle brackets To accept them. A portion of the weld flanges projecting toward the top of the panels (18) enables the secondary sealing barrier (3) to be anchored. The secondary sealing barrier had a thickness of about 0.7 mm return is made to a plurality of Invar ^® (Invar ^®) host rake (strake) having a folded edge (turned up edge). The folded edges of each strut are welded to the weld flange mentioned above using known techniques.

A primary insulation barrier 4 is mounted on the secondary sealing barrier. The primary insulation barrier 4 is composed of a plurality of primary insulation boxes 33. Each primary insulation box 33 consists of a rectangular parallelepiped box made of plywood filled with non-structural insulating material such as pearlite or glass wool. The primary insulation boxes 33 also have internal partitions, a bottom panel, and an upper panel 45. The top panel 45 also includes two slots 46 having an overall inverted T shape so that they also receive a weld flange on which the turned folded edges of the struts of the primary sealing barrier are welded do. The distance between the two slots 19 or 46 corresponds to the width of the strake. The distance between the slots in the same box and the adjacent edge corresponds to half the width of the strike, so that the strike is over two adjacent boxes.

If the primary membrane 5 is ruptured, the liquefied natural gas will be forced into the primary insulation barrier 4, which will cause the secondary membrane 3 to suffer a very low temperature of the liquid. The secondary insulation module 6 is subjected to a very rapid thermal gradient. The intermediate plate 14 is disposed in the region of such a thickness that the gradient becomes abrupt, thereby performing the function of reducing the bending force generated by the materials, that is, the differential shrinkage of the foam and the plywood. The hydraulic hydrostatic pressure load borne by the secondary membrane 3 is also transferred by the coupler 30 to the surface 21 of the intermediate panel 14 to be subjected to a direct reaction by the posts 12 . Thus, the risk of causing creep in the foam brock 11 is reduced.

The techniques described above for forming an enclosed thermal insulation wall may be used in various types of storage vessels, such as floating structures such as methane tanks, etc., or for forming walls of LNG storage vessels in land- Can be used.

Referring to FIG. 6, a cut-away view of the methane tank line 70 shows a closed type heat insulating tank 71 mounted on the ship's double hull 72 and having a prism shape as a whole. The walls of the tank (71) comprise a primary sealing barrier intended to contact the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealing barrier disposed between the ship's double hull (72) and the primary sealing barrier, And two insulating barriers disposed between the sealing barrier and the secondary sealing barrier and between the secondary sealing barrier and the double skin 72, respectively.

As is known, the loading / unloading pipes 73 disposed on the upper deck of the vessel can be connected to a coast or port terminal using suitable connectors, whereby the LNG cargoes from the tank 71 or into the tank 71 Lt; / RTI >

6 shows an example of a coast terminal including a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76, and a land facility 77. In FIG. The loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore facility including a mobile arm 74 and a tower 78 supporting the movable arm 74. The movable arm 74 carries a package of the insulated flexible hoses 79, which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73. The deflectable movable arm 74 is configured to fit the methane tank line of all sizes. A connecting pipe, not shown, extends downwardly from the inside of the tower 78. The loading and unloading station 75 enables the methane tank line 70 to perform loading and unloading operations on the land-based facility 77. The land facility 77 includes connecting pipes 81 connected to the loading or unloading station 75 by the underwater pipe 76 and liquefied gas storage tanks 80. The underwater pipe 76 enables the liquefied gas to be delivered over a distance of, for example, 5 km, over a long distance between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore facility 77, The methane tank line 70 will be able to maintain a long distance from the shore during loading and unloading operations.

A pump mounted on the ship 70 and / or a pump provided in the above-ground facility 77 and / or in the loading and unloading station 75 for the generation of the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas. Pump can be used.

While the present invention has been described with reference to a number of specific embodiments, it is evident that the present invention is not limited thereto, but includes all technical equivalents equivalent to those described above and combinations thereof.

&Quot; including ", "comprising ", and the use forms thereof do not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those listed in a claim. The singular form of an element or step does not exclude that such element or step may be present in plurality, unless stated otherwise.

Any reference signs placed between parentheses in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim.

Claims

A sealed and thermally insulating tank disposed inside a bearing structure for receiving a low temperature fluid,
One wall of the tank has a primary sealed membrane 5 intended to contact the fluid, a primary insulating barrier 4, a secondary seal parallel to the primary sealed membrane, A membrane (3), and a secondary insulation barrier (2) disposed between said secondary sealing membrane and said support structure,
The secondary insulating barrier comprises a set of lagging elements 6 juxtaposed on the support structure and having a generally parallelepipedal shape so as to provide a substantial, To form a uniform support surface,
A retaining member (30) attached to the support structure between the juxtaposed warming elements cooperates with the warming elements so that the warming elements are retained in the retaining structure,
The insulating element of the secondary insulating barrier comprises:
A first parallelepipedal subassembly (10) extending parallel to the secondary sealing membrane, the first parallelepipedal subassembly (10) comprising a first high-density polymer foam block (11), a first high density polymer foam block A bottom panel (13) bonded under the foam block, an intermediate panel (14) bonded to the first high density polymer foam block, and a second high density polymer foam layer disposed between the bottom panel and the intermediate panel A first parallel hexahedral subassembly comprising a plurality of small cross section stiffening posts (12) extending in the thickness direction of the foam block; And
A second parallel hexagonal subassembly (20) extending parallel to the secondary hermetic membrane, the second parallel hexagonal subassembly comprising: a second polymer foam block (16) bonded to the intermediate panel; 2 cover panel (18) bonded to the polymer foam block; A length less than a length of the first parallelepiped subassembly; A second parallel hex-shaped subassembly substantially centered on said first parallel hex-shaped subassembly to leave a top surface (21) of the uncovered intermediate panel at two opposite end portions of said first parallel hexagonal subassembly, A planar subassembly,
The retaining member comprising: a rod (23) having an orientation in the thickness direction of the secondary insulating barrier and having a lower end portion attached to the support structure; And a fastener coupled to an upper end portion of the rod, the fastener having a distance parallel to the secondary sealing membrane and equal to a thickness of the second parallelepipedal subassembly (20) ) Of the lower surface (24) and the upper surface (26)
The lower surface of the fastener has peripheral parts cooperating with the uncovered part of the upper surface 21 of the middle panels of the thermal insulation elements 6 so that the thermal insulation elements are retained in the support structure A retaining element is disposed,
The upper surface (26) of the fastener rests on the same level as the upper surface of the cover panels (18) of the thermal insulation elements, with the retaining member interposed between the cover panels (18) Wherein the first, second, third, and fourth heat exchangers are arranged to form a substantially uniform support surface for the first heat exchanger.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the reinforcing posts (12) of the first parallelepiped subassembly are disposed between the bottom panel and the middle panel (14) at two opposite end portions of the first parallelepiped subassembly , Enclosed thermal insulation tank.

3. The method of claim 2,
Characterized in that said first parallelepiped subassembly comprises four reinforcing posts disposed at four corners of said first foam block (11).

The method of claim 3,
The first parallelepipedal subassembly includes a first parallelepipedal subassembly in each of the four corners of the first parallelepipedal subassembly for forming clearances in which the retaining members (30) are disposed, Wherein the recess has a width equal to the width of the uncovered end portion of the intermediate panel so that at the bottom of the recess the side of the first parallelepiped subassembly Wherein a lateral wall is aligned with a lateral wall of the second parallelepipedal subassembly.

5. The method of claim 4,
Characterized in that the recess has a rectangular cross section and the reinforcing posts arranged at the corners of the first foam block have two perpendicular wings (15) extending along two sides of the recess , Enclosed thermal insulation tank.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The fastener includes a lower metal mounting plate (24) forming a lower surface, an upper metal mounting plate (26) forming an upper surface, and a rigid insulation (26) disposed between the bottom metal mounting plate and the upper metal mounting plate Characterized in that it comprises a block (25) of an insulating material.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Wherein the bottom panel, the middle panel, and the cover panel are made of plywood.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Wherein the high density polymer foam has a density of greater than 90 kg / m < ³ >.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
Wherein the high density polymer foam is selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane foam and a polyurethane foam reinforced with glass fibers.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
To compensate for possible deficiencies in the flatness of the supporting structure, mastic beads of mastic 7 disposed on the lower surface of the bottom panel 13 are seated against the supporting structure Wherein the airtight insulation tank is a sealed airtight tank.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The primary insulation barrier is made of juxtaposed thermal insulation elements 33 and the thermal insulation elements of the primary insulation barrier are each an insulation packing substantially made of mineral wool or perlite, And a box filled with the heat insulating material.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
Each of the sealing membranes 3, 5 comprises parallel strips of sheet metal and parallel welding flanges held on the underlying insulating barrier, the longitudinal edges of the strips Are folded to project toward the inside of the tank, and each of the weld flanges is provided with two sheet metal strips to form a sealed welded joint with the adjacent turned- wherein the tank is protruded between the strips toward the inside of the tank.

CLAIMS 1. A ship (70) for transporting a low temperature liquid product,
Double hull 72; And an enclosed heat insulating tank (71) disposed in the double hull and according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

A method of using the vessel (70) according to claim 13,
The low temperature liquid product is delivered to the ship 71 from a floating or land storage facility 77 via insulated pipes 73, 79, 76, 81 for the shipping or down- To a tank or from a tank of said vessel to a floating or onshore storage facility.

A transfer system for delivering a low temperature liquid product,
A ship (70) according to claim 13;
Insulating pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged to connect a tank (71) provided on the hull of the ship to a floating or land storage facility (77); And
And a pump for flowing the cold liquid product through the insulated pipes from a floating or land storage facility to a tank of the vessel or from a tank of the vessel to a floating or onshore storage facility. Delivery system.