KR20150089162A - System for processing ballast water with variable output and multi channel type UV processing apparatus, and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for processing ballast water with a variable output and multi-channel type UV processing apparatus and a control method thereof. According to the present invention, a system for processing ballast water has a variable output and multi-channel type UV processing apparatus (10) which is integrally formed with a chamber for sterilization (20). The chamber for sterilization (20) comprises: a plurality of UV lamps (21); a light amount sensor (22); a temperature sensor (23); and a turbidity sensor (24).

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet treatment apparatus and a control method thereof,

The present invention relates to a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet treatment apparatus and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable type multi- 0001] The present invention relates to a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray treatment apparatus having a control characteristic changeable and robust characteristics, and a control method thereof.

Ballast water refers to seawater filled in the lower area of a ship in order to match the center of gravity of a ship, especially a large ship.

More specifically, ship ballast water is an essential element for maintaining the stability of a ship. When the variation of the cargo is small, such as warship, the load is small. However, when the variation of the cargo is large, . In the case of general cargo ships, the ballast water equivalent to about 30% to 40% of the cargo load shall be loaded.

The treatment techniques that can be used for ballast water treatment can be roughly divided into physical treatment and chemical treatment. Physical treatment techniques include filtration or membrane separation, centrifugation, ultraviolet irradiation, heating, ultrasonic treatment, cavitation, and deoxygenation. Chemical treatment techniques include chlorination and ozone treatment, and hydrogen peroxide, There is a technology to treat with chemicals such as chlorine.

Among the chemical treatment methods, a technique of generating and treating chlorine, ozone, and chlorine dioxide on the site and a technique of putting in a previously prepared chemical are used. In addition, processing apparatuses which are developed have a processing apparatus which uses a single technology, and a processing apparatus which combines several physical and chemical processing techniques.

In such ship ballast water treatment, development of technology for optimal control of voltage, current, frequency, and device temperature in sterilization processing is required in the related technical field.

[Related Technical Literature]

1. Ballast water treatment system (Patent Application No. 10-2008-0119604)

2. Ballast water treatment system using seawater electrolysis (Patent Application No. 10-2009-0049130)

3. Ship Ballast Water Treatment Method and Treatment Apparatus (Patent Application No. 10-2010-0035311)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems and it is an object of the present invention to provide an output variable multichannel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus for solving the limitation of deterioration in control performance when the control object characteristic changes during operation of the system and when the operator is unfamiliar with PID parameter adjustment And a method of controlling the same.

The present invention also provides an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet processing apparatus for easily changing control rules and having robust characteristics based on a ship ballast water treatment system capable of real time output variable control using a frequency modulation method And a method of controlling the same.

However, the objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

In order to achieve the above object, a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet treatment apparatus 10 and an integrated body 20 for sterilization The chamber 20 for sterilization includes a plurality of ultraviolet lamps 21, light amount sensors CH1 to CH8, 22, a temperature sensor (not shown), and an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet processing device 23 and a turbidity sensor 24. The input to the chamber is performed by the output variable multichannel ultraviolet processing device 10 after the seawater inflow and the seawater is moved to the ballast 10a and the ballast 10a is formed Channel ultraviolet processing apparatus 10 includes a 3-phase input 11, a rectifier 12, a DC / DC converter 13, an igniter 13, (14), an analog controller (15), a digital controller (Digital a controller 16, a front control board 17, an external interface board 18, an interface 19, a digital input 19a, The digital controller 16 includes a light amount sensor 22, a temperature sensor 23, a turbidity sensor 24 (see FIG. 1) in the chamber 20 for sterilization, an analog input 19b and a communication unit 19c. Temperature and turbidity of the seawater introduced into the chamber 20 for sterilization are compared with a database DB constructed by measuring in real time and then a plurality of ultraviolet lamps 21 are controlled to determine the minimum The fuzzy PID controller 40 is applied for optimal control of voltage, current, frequency, and device temperature during the sterilization process by using the power of the fuse PID controller 40.

At this time, the fuzzy control unit 40u constituting the fuzzy PID controller 40 includes a fuzzy unit 41, a fuzzy inference unit 42, and a defuzzifier 43 The fuzzy inference unit 42 converts the temperature error and error rate measured by the temperature sensor 23 into respective language values and membership functions using a fuzzy module 41, Fuzzy inference is performed by using a fuzzy inference module 43 and a defuzzifier 43 is used to finally perform fuzzy inference. .

The fuzzy controller 40u constituting the fuzzy PID controller 40 also controls the fuzzy controller 40u for the light amount error measured by the light amount sensors CH1 to CH8 and 22 and the turbidity error measured by the turbidity sensor 24. [ Fuzzification by the fuzzy inference unit 41, the fuzzy inference unit 42 and the defuzzifier 43 is performed.

,

,

으로 구현하거나

으로 구현하며, R(t)는 입력 값, Y(t)는 측정값, e(t)는 기준온도와 측정된 온도의 오차, △e(t)는 오차변화율을 의미하는 것을 특징으로 한다. Further, the proportional gain for the fuzzy PID controller 40, the fuzzy control rule for the integral gain

,

,

Or

(T) is the measured value, e (t) is the error between the reference temperature and the measured temperature, and Δe (t) is the error rate.

In order to achieve the above object, a control method of a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a fuzzy PID controller (for controlling the voltage, current, frequency, And a chamber 20 for sterilization. The control method for a ship ballast water treatment system includes a fuzzy PID controller 40, The control unit 40u changes the temperature error and error rate measured by the temperature sensor 23 into respective language values and membership functions using a fuzzy module 41 and outputs a fuzzy inference unit The fuzzy inference is performed by using the fuzzy inference module 42 to deduce the conclusion, and finally the defuzzification is performed using the defuzzifier module 43. [

The ship ballast water treatment system and its control method having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a ship ballast water treatment system and a control method thereof in a case where control target characteristics are changed during system operation and an operator is unfamiliar with PID parameter adjustment This provides the effect of resolving the falling threshold.

In addition, the ship ballast water treatment system and the control method thereof having the output variable multi-channel ultraviolet treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a ship ballast water treatment system capable of real time output variable control using a frequency modulation method It is possible to change the control rule easily and robustly.

1 is a view illustrating a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram illustrating a network configuration associated with a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing a PID controller 30 for explaining a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of light, the temperature, and the turbidity control technique applied by the fuzzy controller 40u of the fuzzy PID controller 40 used in the ship ballast water treatment system having the output variable multi-channel ultraviolet processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention Fig.
5 is a diagram for explaining a configuration of a fuzzy PID controller 40 used in a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a diagram showing a fuzzy control rule of the fuzzy control rules, K _P and K _I is used in the ballast water treatment system and its control method having a variable output multichannel UV treatment device in the embodiment;
7 is a membership function, K _P of e (t) membership function, △ e (t) of which is used in the ballast water treatment system and its control method having an output variable multichannel UV treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention And a membership function of K _I.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present invention, detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

In the present specification, when any one element 'transmits' data or signals to another element, the element can transmit the data or signal directly to the other element, and through at least one other element Data or signal can be transmitted to another component.

1 is a view illustrating a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet treatment apparatus is integrally formed with an output variable type multi-channel ultraviolet treatment apparatus 10 and a chamber 20 for sterilization.

More specifically, the output variable multi-channel ultraviolet processing apparatus 10 formed on the ballast 10a includes a three-phase input 11, a rectifier 12, a DC / DC converter Converter 13, an igniter 14, an analog controller 15, a digital controller 16, a front control board 17, an external interface board (not shown) An external interface board 18, an interface 19, a digital input 19a, an analog input 19b, and a communication unit 19c.

On the other hand, the chamber 20 for sterilization includes a plurality of ultraviolet lamps 21, light amount sensors CH1 to CH8, 22, a temperature sensor 23 and a turbidity sensor 24, Channel ultraviolet processing apparatus 10, and moves the seawater to the ballast 10a.

Here, the output variable multi-channel ultraviolet processing device 10 performs precise control of turbidity and temperature change of seawater, and can be optimized to be compatible with the ship system. The output variable multichannel ultraviolet processing apparatus 10 uses an RS-232 or RS-485 communication method through control over an interface 19, such as the user terminal 1, The protocol uses MODBUS.

The output variable type multi-channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus 10 is capable of transmitting and receiving data to / from an external device completely by an interface 19 and is provided with a digital controller (full digital control) 16 to control and monitor hundreds of ballasts with one user terminal 2. Such a configuration network can be formed as shown in FIG. Thus, the status of the engine room can be monitored in the Bridge Room.

Meanwhile, the output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus 10 of FIG. 1 is capable of real-time output variable control using a frequency modulation method.

The digital controller 16 uses the light amount sensor 22, the temperature sensor 23 and the turbidity sensor 24 in the chamber 20 for sterilization to measure the light amount of the seawater introduced into the chamber 20 for sterilization, (See the Knowledge Base in FIG. 5) constructed by measuring the turbidity in real time and then sterilizing the ultraviolet lamps 21 using the minimum power by controlling the plurality of ultraviolet lamps 21.

In the present invention, the digital controller 16 basically applies the PID controller 30 as shown in FIG. 3 for optimal control of voltage, current, frequency, and device temperature.

Referring to FIG. 3, the PID controller 30 is basically a feedback controller. The PID controller 30 measures an output value of an object to be controlled and outputs a reference value or a setpoint, And calculates a control value necessary for the control by using the error value.

Here, the output is measured for frequency and power, and the reference value means a reference value included in the database (DB). The PID controller 30 calculates a control value (MV: Manipulated Variable) by adding three terms as shown in the following Equation (1).

3, the configuration of the PID controller 30 includes a proportional (P) term computing section 31, an integral (I) term computing section 32, and a differential term computing section 33.

The proportional (P) term computing unit 31 performs a control operation proportional to the magnitude of the error value in the current state, and the integral (I) term computing unit 32 performs an operation of eliminating the steady-state error And the derivative (D) term computing unit 33 brakes the abrupt change in the output value to reduce overshoot and improve stability.

Here, in order to efficiently maintain the control points, the parameters K _p , K _i , and K _d of the PID controller 30 are tuned using the step response method. Each parameter is cut and try, and the optimum value is obtained from the actual control result and set to the obtained value.

In the present invention, the fuzzy PID (corresponding to the PID controller 30) having the fuzzy controller 40u applying the fuzzy logic that calibrates the parameters of the PID controller 30 in real time so as to be adaptive to the control target characteristic change and load disturbance, The controller 40 is designed.

4 is a diagram for explaining the light amount, temperature, and turbidity control technique applied by the purge control unit 40u of the purge PID controller 40. FIG.

The fuzzy controller 40u constituting the fuzzy PID controller 40 includes a fuzzy unit 41, a fuzzy inference unit 42, a defuzzifier 43 ). Accordingly, the fuzzy PID controller 40 determines whether or not the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 23 on the ship ballast water treatment system 1 having the output variable multi-channel ultraviolet treatment device corresponding to the control system through the purging by the fuzzy control The conclusions are deduced by replacing the error and the rate of error change with the respective language values and membership functions using a fuzzy module 41 and performing a fuzzy inference using a fuzzy inference unit 42, The defuzzifier 43 is used to finally perform the non-fuzzification. Here, although the temperature error measured by the temperature sensor 23 is used as a reference, the light amount error measured by the light amount sensors CH1 to CH8 and 22 and the variation in the turbidity error measured by the turbidity sensor 24 It is possible.

Compared with the case of having only the PID controller 30, the fuzzy PID controller 40 models the experiential knowledge and the manipulation behavior of the expert and creates the control rule according to each situation. It is suitable for complex systems or if the information about the system is qualitative.

Also, the fuzzy PID controller 40 requires an approximate reasoning process and the controller is complicated, while the control rule is easy to change and robust.

More specifically, referring to FIG. 5, the fuzzy PID controller 40 will be described in detail. A major problem with the conventional PID controller 30 is that control performance deteriorates when the characteristics of the control object change during system operation and when the operator is unfamiliar with PID parameter adjustment. Accordingly, the present invention proposes a fuzzy PID controller 40 for fuzzy logic application that calibrates the parameters of the PID controller 30 in real time so as to be adaptive to changes in control object characteristics and load disturbances.

Since the control rule is created according to each situation by modeling the experiential knowledge and the manipulation behavior of the expert in comparison with the PID controller 30, the information of the complex system or the system is analyzed satisfactorily . In addition, while the approximate reasoning process is required and the controller is complicated, the control rules are easy to change and robust.

As shown in FIG. 4, the fuzzy control process can be largely divided into three parts: fuzzy, fuzzy inference, and non-fuzzy. In the fuzzy control, the temperature error and error rate measured in the control system are changed into the respective language values and membership functions through the fuzzy control, and the fuzzy inference is performed through the fuzzy inference.

The general PID controller 30 slightly reduces the integral gain when an overshoot occurs and slightly increases the differential gain when a minute vibration occurs in a steady state. Further, the fuzzy controller 30 can improve the system response characteristic in the transient state by reducing the proportional gain when the amplitude of the overshoot is large. However, it has a disadvantage that it can not converge quickly if overshoot occurs by changing three gains with a single fuzzy control matrix.

Accordingly, the fuzzy control rule for the proportional gain and the integral gain for the fuzzy PID controller 40 according to the present invention is designed as shown in FIG.

First, as the fuzzy input to the fuzzy PID controller 40, an error and an error change rate, which are difference values from the set temperature, are used. Here, the PID control equation is as shown in the following equation (2), the temperature error e (t) is as shown in equation (3), and the error rate is as shown in equation (4). Finally, referring to FIG. 5, the PID control equation of Equation (2) can be expressed in the form of Equation (5).

Here, R (t) is the input value, Y (t) is the measured value, e (t) is the error between the reference temperature and the measured temperature, and Δe (t) is the error rate. Here, the fuzzy PID controller 40 increases both the proportional gain and the integral gain when the temperature error width and the error change rate are large, and decreases the proportional gain and the integral gain when the error rate is small. The fuzzy PID controller 40 quickly converges the output by reducing the integration gain in the area where the overshoot occurs.

6 is a diagram showing a fuzzy control rule of the fuzzy control rules and the K _I K _P in Equation (2). Here, NB means Negative Big, NM means Negative Medium, NS means Negative Small, ZE means Zero, PS means Positive Small, and PM means Positive Big.

And Figure 7 is a membership function of e (t) membership function, △ e (t), the membership functions of K _P, is a reference diagram showing a membership function of K _I. The result of fuzzy inference is fuzzy based on the membership function of Fig. 7 and the control rules described above, and the non-fuzzy method uses the center of gravity.

The fuzzy PID controller 40 using the fuzzy logic obtains K _p , K _i , and K _d according to the error and error rate. Therefore, the control constant value of the fuzzy PID controller 40 can be updated and controlled in real time.

On the other hand, the output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus 10 includes a 3-phase input 11, a rectifier 12, a DC / DC converter 13, an igniter ) 14, and has an optimized power supply circuit.

On the other hand, the optimized power supply circuit is low-frequency pulsed-DC type, and it can display all status and operation status of the equipment by adopting the front LCD and can perform simple operation using the front tack switch (Tact S / W).

Meanwhile, it is difficult to secure a space for installing the ballast water management system (BWMS) in the engine room of the existing ship. To solve this problem, a problem has been solved that the piping device and the electric device must be separated from each other, and a front control board Control Board (17) and the ultraviolet lamp (21).

It is equipped with protective circuit for optimized power supply circuit. It is equipped with overvoltage, overcurrent, undervoltage, inverter overheat, prevention of lamp overheating, and AC -> DC -> frequency conversion method. The output variable type multi-channel ultraviolet processing apparatus 10 includes an automatic monitoring function in the event of overheating due to a cooling problem of the UB lamp 21 and the ultraviolet lamp 21 for implementing a power circuit safety device. It automatically cuts off when the water level is exceeded, and the FET and high frequency transformer overheat protection device are built in. In addition, the output variable type multi-channel ultraviolet processing apparatus 10 has a strong ventilation capability through a high-capacity fan operation when the temperature of the digital controller 16 is higher than a predetermined temperature.

As described above, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed in the present specification and drawings, and although specific terms have been used, they have been used only in a general sense to easily describe the technical contents of the present invention and to facilitate understanding of the invention , And are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It is to be understood by those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.

1: Ship Ballast Water Treatment System with Output Variable Multi-Channel UV Treatment System
2: User terminal
10: Output variable multi-channel ultraviolet processing device
10a: Ballast
11: Three phase input
12: Rectifier
13: DC / DC converter (DC / DC converter)
14: Ignitor
15: Analog controller
16: Digital controller
17: Front Control Board (Pront Control Board)
18: External interface board
19: Interface (19)
19a: Digital input
19b: Analog input
19c: Communication
20: Chamber for sterilization
21: ultraviolet lamp
22: Light sensor
23: Temperature sensor
24: Turbidity sensor
40u: purge control section
41: Fuzzifier module (Fuzzifier)
42: Fuzzy Inference Unit
43: Defuzzifier module
40: Purge PID controller

Claims (5)

A ship ballast water treatment system having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray treatment apparatus (10) and an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet ray treatment apparatus formed integrally with a chamber (20) for sterilization,
The chamber 20 for sterilization includes a plurality of ultraviolet lamps 21, light amount sensors CH1 to CH8, 22, a temperature sensor 23 and a turbidity sensor 24, Channel ultraviolet processing apparatus 10, and the seawater is moved to the ballast 10a,
The output variable multi-channel ultraviolet processing apparatus 10 formed on the ballast 10a includes a three phase input 11, a rectifier 12, a DC / DC converter 13 An igniter 14, an analog controller 15, a digital controller 16, a front control board 17, an external interface board 17, An interface 19, a digital input 19a, an analog input 19b and a communication unit 19c,
The digital controller 16 uses the light amount sensor 22, the temperature sensor 23 and the turbidity sensor 24 in the chamber 20 for sterilization to measure the light amount of the seawater introduced into the chamber 20 for sterilization, The turbidity is measured in real time and compared with the database (DB) constructed. Then, the ultraviolet lamps 21 are controlled so that optimum control of voltage, current, frequency, and device temperature Wherein the PID controller (40) is applied to the multi-channel ultraviolet processing system.
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the purge control unit (40u) constituting the purge PID controller (40)
A fuzzy inference unit 42, and a defuzzifier 43. The fuzzy inference unit 41 is a fuzzy inference unit,
The temperature error and the rate of change of error measured by the temperature sensor 23 are converted into respective language values and belonging functions by using a fuzzy unit 41 and the fuzzy inference unit 42 And the final fuzzy filtering is performed using a defuzzifier (43). The system for processing a ballast water having an output variable multi-channel ultraviolet processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The system according to claim 2, wherein the purge control unit (40u) constituting the purge PID controller (40)
A fuzzy inference unit 41 and a fuzzy inference unit 42 for the turbidity error measured by the turbidity sensor 24 and the light amount error measured by the light amount sensors CH1 to CH8, ) And a defuzzifier (43) to perform the defuzzification. The system for processing a ballast water according to claim 1,
The method of claim 3,
The proportional gain for the fuzzy PID controller 40, the fuzzy control rule for the integral gain

,

,

Or

(T) is the error between the reference temperature and the measured temperature, and? E (t) is the error rate of change. A ship ballast water treatment system having a variable multi - channel ultraviolet treatment device.
Channel ultraviolet ray processing apparatus 10 to which a fuzzy PID controller 40 is applied for optimal control of voltage, current, frequency, and device temperature, and a chamber 20 for sterilization. In a control method of a system,
The fuzzy controller 40u, which constitutes the fuzzy PID controller 40,
The temperature error and the rate of change of error measured by the temperature sensor 23 are converted into respective language values and belonging functions by using a fuzzy unit 41 and the fuzzy inference unit 42 The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of performing inference and deducing the conclusion, and finally performing the non-fuzzification using the defuzzifier (43). The control method of the ship ballast water treatment system having the output variable multi- .

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