KR20150056494A - method for auto calculating for examination of block lifting safety - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an auto-calculating method for examining a block lifting safety and, more particularly to an auto-calculating method for examining a block lifting safety wherein a lug is arranged at a block through a computer screen, and a three-dimensional model of the block, the lug, a crane, etc. is automatically generated to calculate the load, angle, etc., and to compare critical value therewith, thereby enabling to precisely determine and predict situations and the risk of a lifting work based on the three-dimensional model which is implemented on the computer screen before a field work.

Description

A method for automatic calculation for safety review of block lifting.

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for automating computation for safety review of block lifting. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for automatically calculating a load of a block lifting apparatus by disposing a lug on a block through a computer screen and automatically generating a three- Angles, etc., and comparing it with a threshold value, prior to an on-site lifting operation, based on a three-dimensional model implemented on a computer screen, to precisely determine and predict the situation or risk of a lifting operation.

In order to dry the hull, a plurality of steel plates or sections are machined to manufacture individual components, and a part of the components is compacted on the assembly plate through small assembly and midship lining. Subsequently, these components are arranged and combined in a line-assembled platen to produce a block. The finished block is painted and completed by assembling the block and the block around the dock, which is the final process.

On the other hand, the purpose of the block drying method is to divide the hull on the assembly platform of the ground in order to reduce the construction amount in the dock as much as possible, ① to shorten the working period in the dock, ② to manage the process and the technique It is easy to supervise, (3) It is easy to arrange appropriate worker, (4) It improves the work environment, (5) It improves the efficiency because it is easy to mechanize and automate, (5) It can reduce the risk of high work , ⑥ reduced welding deformation and residual stress due to fewer field welds, and ⑦ block coating, which reduces coating work on the dock.

Blocks are classified into several types according to their size and structure, but they are roughly divided into flat blocks and tune blocks. Generally, it is generally acceptable to think that a block is composed of a plate, a girder, a stiffener or the like in a planar manner. In the assembly (large assembly) process, a plate is arranged on a surface plate, and a girder and a stiffener are arranged on the plate, and the welding is performed to complete one block. Is referred to as a large assembly process. In recent years, the installation of equipment and the construction of various tests have been carried out in advance on the assembly platform.

The weight of the block has been enlarged with the enhancement of the facilities and the improvement of the production technology. In the large tank line, 200-300 tons is normal. Depending on the size of the facility, some of them exceed 400 to 500 tons. Furthermore, the way to dry very large blocks (800 tons) by the preceding process is common.

The ships to be constructed are divided into appropriate types of blocks in consideration of the facilities and equipment capabilities and ease of operation, and these blocks are completed through the processing and assembling process of the members and moved to the dock. The loading process refers to the process of creating the shape of a ship by stacking the completed blocks through the assembly process in a certain order one by one in the dock. As the crane capacity increases, the divided blocks become larger, and the installation of the so-called preceding equipment, which performs the fitting work along with the installation, or the construction of a part of the block as a part of the ship building work, Is gradually increasing.

On the other hand, in order to move the individually manufactured blocks to the mounting process, it is necessary to lifting and transporting the produced blocks or turning them over. In particular, the turn-over process of the block is accomplished by attaching two or more lugs to the shell outer surface or frame of the block, connecting the wires to the respective lugs, (Fig. 1). In this case, the blocks are reversed by pulling them upward or downward by using more than one crane (Fig. 1).

In the shipbuilding industry in recent years, since the block weight is increasing due to the enlargement of the block, it is necessary to pay particular attention to the selection of the position of the lug necessary for lifting the block. In this regard, conventionally, based on the experience of the designer, the position of the lug was determined on the drawing and the position of the crane was determined in the field. Due to the excessive calculation time and the inaccuracy of the resultant value, It was very difficult to judge or predict.

Lifting lug of ship block (Utility Model Application No. 20-2011-0005870)

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] Accordingly, the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a system for locating lugs, ladders, and cranes, The present invention aims to provide a method for predicting and predicting the situation or risk of a lifting operation based on a three-dimensional model implemented on a computer screen prior to an on-site lifting operation.

According to an aspect of the present invention,

Dimensional model of a block, a crane, a trolley, and a wire rope as a three-dimensional model based on the position of the three-dimensional lugs disposed by the lug arranging unit; And calculating a load and an angle through the three-dimensional model by the safety calculation unit and checking whether interference is present, the method comprising:

The safety calculator checks whether the safety in the lifting operation is due to load, angle, and interference.

In regard to the load, it is necessary to understand the weight and the center of gravity of the block, perform the load distribution between the crane if there are two or more crane, calculate the load on the trolley based on the load applied to the crane, Calculating the load applied to the trolley, determining the tension by dividing the load by the number of wire ropes, calculating the load applied to the lug by using the tension, comparing the load value with the threshold value, According to the judging step,

In relation to the angle, the angle between the lug and the wire rope, the angle between the wire rope and the trolley is calculated to determine the direction of the load,

With regard to interference, it is necessary to check the interference between the lug and the hull and the interference between the wire rope and the hull, to select the target lug and the wire rope, and to set the boundary area using the minimum value and the maximum value, Dimensional model of the hull and the design model, and performing an interference check and confirming the result of the interference checking. The present invention also provides a method of automating calculation for safety review of block lifting.

According to the present invention, prior to an on-site lifting operation, a lug arrangement of a block and a crane position are selected based on a three-dimensional model implemented on a computer screen, so that a field situation or a risk can be accurately determined and predicted in advance. Typically, output to a drawing to current users is still an essential element in the work. On the other hand, 3D modeling is also an essential factor for more efficient management, accurate calculation, and safety review for multiple cases. If the present users are required to perform the above-described operations without using the present invention, it is generally considered that a cost of 250% or more will occur. It is an object and an effect of the present invention to make it possible to efficiently perform this without additional cost.

Figure 1 shows an example of a turn-over operation of the hull block.
Figure 2 shows a system for carrying out the invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the lug arrangement unit according to the present invention in more detail.
FIG. 4 shows a lug arrangement according to the present invention implemented on a computer screen.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method of determining a direction of a trolley according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
FIG. 6 shows a three-dimensional model generated for block lifting according to the present invention.
Figure 7 shows various embodiments of a two-dimensional lug symbol according to the present invention.
8 shows various embodiments of a three-dimensional lug shape according to the present invention.
Figure 9 shows various embodiments of a lug type class according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 shows the concept of the panel according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 shows an example of generation of a three-dimensional model when a lifting operation is performed with two cranes in the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a view illustrating a state where the load calculation and the angle calculation are implemented by the safety calculation unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a state where an interference check is implemented by the safety calculator according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same or similar components throughout the drawings. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

Despite the recent advancement of 3D CAD technology, shipbuilding production technology still tends to adhere to the numbering method that depends on drawing-based work and experience. In connection with this, The position of the lug is determined on the drawing and the position of the crane is determined in the field, and the excessive calculation time and the inaccuracy of the resultant value become a problem.

Accordingly, the present invention induces an existing drawing-oriented job to be converted into a work based on a 3D model implemented on a computer screen, performs various calculations automatically, and displays the result together with a three-dimensional model, And to provide a method for selecting appropriate positions of crane and the like for all the cases.

First of all, the present invention provides a method for safely performing an actual lifting operation by calculating a load and an angle through a three-dimensional model implemented on a computer screen and checking whether interference is occurring in advance.

Figure 2 shows a system for carrying out the invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the lug arrangement unit according to the present invention in more detail. FIG. 4 shows a lug arrangement according to the present invention implemented on a computer screen. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method of determining a direction of a trolley according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. FIG. 6 shows a three-dimensional model generated for block lifting according to the present invention. Figure 7 shows various embodiments of a two-dimensional lug symbol according to the present invention. 8 shows various embodiments of a three-dimensional lug shape according to the present invention. Figure 9 shows various embodiments of a lug type class according to the present invention. Fig. 10 shows the concept of the panel according to the present invention. Fig. 11 shows an example of generation of a three-dimensional model when a lifting operation is performed with two cranes in the present invention. FIG. 12 is a view illustrating a state where the load calculation and the angle calculation are implemented by the safety calculation unit according to the present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a state where an interference check is implemented by the safety calculator according to the present invention.

The system according to the present invention includes a lug arrangement unit 10, a three-dimensional model generation unit 20 and a safety calculation unit 30. The safety calculation unit 30 includes a three-dimensional model And performs a core function of the present invention in which an actual lifting operation can be safely performed by checking the presence or absence of interference in advance.

Hereinafter, the operation of the lug arrangement unit 10 and the three-dimensional model generation unit 20 will be described first, and the operation of the safety calculation unit 30 will be described in detail on the basis thereof.

First, the action of the lug arranging unit 10 will be described. The lug arranging unit 10 arranges a three-dimensional lug on the block 1. [

Of course, the block (1) refers to a block implemented in a three-dimensional shape on a computer screen as shown in FIG. In the present invention, the term 'three-dimensional' means more precisely 'implemented in a three-dimensional shape', and the term 'two-dimensional' means more clearly embodied in a two-dimensional shape . Therefore, in this step, the term 'three-dimensional lug' means more specifically a 'lug implemented in a three-dimensional shape' (hereinafter the same).

At this time, the key function of the lug arranging unit 10 is " efficient arrangement function of lugs ", which means that when a user places a lug in a two-dimensional drawing implemented on a computer screen, It is a function that creates the lug and places it in the block 1, and the same function for the subsequent lug movement, copying, and rotation. In the present invention, the arrangement of the lugs includes a series of processes such as creation, movement, copying, and rotation of the lugs.

2 and 3, the lug arrangement unit 10 includes a two-dimensional lug symbol library 11 for a two-dimensional drawing, a three-dimensional lug shape library 12 for a three-dimensional model, A lug type and attribute defining unit 13 for defining types and attributes of the lug itself for managing the generated lugs, and a coordinate converting unit 14 for converting the two-dimensional drawing coordinates into three-dimensional model coordinates Respectively. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the lug arrangement unit 10 in more detail.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the two-dimensional lug symbol library 11 constructs 20 types of two-dimensional lug symbols, and the three-dimensional lug type library 12 forms 100 types of three- The lug type and attribute defining unit 13 defines ten types of lug type classes, and the coordinate transforming unit 14 implements logic for coordinate transformation.

Hereinafter, the above content will be described in more detail. In accordance with the present invention, the system user, i.e., the designer, predicts the load to be applied to the lug to determine the lug type and proper placement, thereby specifying the location where the lug will actually be attached.

In this case, the designer usually performs the lug arrangement work on the two-dimensional drawing for the efficiency of the work (for this purpose, the present invention implements the two-dimensional drawing on the computer screen so that the designer can efficiently perform the lug arrangement work. ), Wherein the lugs indicated on the two-dimensional drawing are denoted by drawing symbols, that is, two-dimensional lug symbols, rather than actual lug shapes. This is because it is difficult to express information about the lug-attached surface such as the front, back, and both sides of the actual lug, and the size of the actual lug is very small on the drawing, which is difficult for the operator in the field to recognize.

The two-dimensional lug symbol refers to a symbol system in which information about a lug type and a lug-attached surface is expressed so as to be displayed on a two-dimensional drawing as shown in FIG. 7. In the present invention, a two- The two-dimensional lug symbol library 11 constructs (stores) about 20 kinds of two-dimensional lug symbols, which are shown in detail, by the lug mounting surfaces (front, back, both sides).

Meanwhile, the three-dimensional lug information (position and direction) is required to perform the accurate lifting calculation while disposing the lug as described above. To this end, in the present invention, a three-dimensional lug is simultaneously generated as a background work in a designer's two-dimensional drawing work. The lug arranging unit 10 arranges the lugs in a two-dimensional drawing implemented on a computer screen (a two-dimensional lug symbol is displayed) (See FIG. 8) and is placed in the block 1, and the same operation also applies to the following lug movement, copying, and rotation.

To this end, the three-dimensional lug-shaped library 12 constructs (stores) 100 types of three-dimensional lug shapes (see FIG. 8), and the lug type and attribute defining unit 13 defines ten types of lug type classes . Herein, the 'lug type class' is for storing information such as the counting of the amount of lugs and the stage management. In the embodiment of the present invention, UDET (User Defined Element Type) and UDA (User Defined Attribute ; User-defined attribute) (see FIG. 3). For reference, FIG. 9 shows various embodiments of the lug type class according to the present invention.

On the other hand, in order to simultaneously create a three-dimensional lug as a background work in a two-dimensional drawing work of a designer as described above, it is necessary to perform a matrix calculation for converting a lug position on a two-dimensional drawing to a position on a three-dimensional model The coordinate conversion unit 14 directly performs this operation.

The coordinate converting unit 14 is necessary for generating, moving, copying, and rotating three-dimensional lugs. The logic for the coordinate converting unit 14 to convert the two-dimensional drawing coordinates of the lug into the three- A2 → A3 → A4.

- A1: When the user selects the position of the lug in the two-dimensional drawing, a transformation matrix representing the two-dimensional drawing is constructed.

- A2: Configure the transformation matrix of the panel from which the lug is generated. Here, the panel means a plane (three 3D vectors indicating a 3D point and a direction indicating a position) on which a member such as a plate or a stiffener is to be placed (see FIG. 10) The member is positioned relative to the panel and the lug is also positioned relative to this panel. And such a bundle of panels and members forms a single block.

- A3: Converts to two-dimensional panel coordinates after projection process.

- A4: Converts to the hull's three-dimensional coordinates using the panel's transformation matrix and creates a three-dimensional lug.

Next, the operation of the three-dimensional model generation unit 20 will be described. As described above, once the lug arranging unit 10 arranges the three-dimensional lugs in the block 1, the three-dimensional model generating unit 20 generates the three-dimensional lugs based on the positions of the three-dimensional lugs, The trolley 3, the wire rope 4, and the like are automatically generated as a three-dimensional model.

The elements used in the lifting operation include a block 1, a crane 2, a trolley 3, a wire rope 4 and the like. In generating the three-dimensional model by the three-dimensional model generation unit 20, . The block 1 has a three-dimensional shape, a weight, and a center of gravity as a lifting object. The crane 2 can be a goliath crane, a jib crane, an overhead crane, and the trolley 3 can be a loader or a hook type And serves to distribute the wire rope 4. The lugs are arranged in the block (1) to allow the wire rope (4) to hang.

On the other hand, in order to automatically generate the above-described elements based on the positions of the arranged three-dimensional lugs, that is, the block 1, the crane 2, the trolley 3, the wire rope 4, The three-dimensional position and direction of the elements must be determined. In this regard, the three-dimensional model generation unit 20 operates to perform the following steps.

end. Positioning of the crane (2): The position of the crane (2) is determined relative to the center of gravity of the target block (1). That is, when working with one cranes 2, the cranes 2 are placed just above the center of gravity of the target block 1 (see Fig. 6). When working with two cranes 2, The two cranes 2 are arranged close to the vertical lifting possible according to the minimum distance considering the interference between the target block 1 and the weight of the target block 1 (see FIG. 11).

I. Positioning of trolley 3: The trolley 3 determines its height according to the length of the basic wire and determines its direction according to the state of the lug arrangement. The method of determining the direction of the trolley 3 is composed of the following four steps B1, B2, B3, and B4 (see FIG. 5).

- B1: Determine the number of lugs connected to the trolley (3).

- B2: Determine the plane perpendicular to the lifting direction.

- B3: Project lugs onto the determined surface.

- B4: The direction of the trolley 3 corresponding to the minimum distance is determined using the least square method (LSM) on the projected plane. Here, 'minimum distance' means the minimum distance between the lug and the trolley (3).

When the direction of the trolley 3 is determined as described above, the connection relation between the lug and the wire rope 4 can be confirmed. Then, based on the above-mentioned contents, a three-dimensional model is collectively created by combining the wire rope 4 connected to the three-dimensional lugs, the trolley 3 and the crane 2, as shown in FIG.

Finally, the operation of the safety calculation unit 30 will be described. The safety calculator 30 calculates loads and angles through a three-dimensional model implemented on a computer screen, and checks whether interference is occurring, so that the actual lifting operation can be performed safely.

In this regard, the safety calculator 30 determines whether the safety of the lifting operation is determined by the following three factors. First, the load is the load, the second is the angle, and the third is the interference.

With respect to the load, the safety calculation unit 30 calculates the load according to the following steps C1 → C2 → C3 → C4 → C5 → C6, and judges whether or not it is safe in the lifting operation (see FIG.

- C1: Determine the weight and center of gravity of block (1).

- C2: If there are two or more cranes (2) (see Fig. 11), load distribution between the cranes (2) is performed.

- C3: Calculate the load applied to 1 to 3 trolleys (3) based on the load applied to the crane (2).

- C4: When the load on the trolley (3) is calculated, it is divided by the number of wire ropes (4) to determine the tension.

- C5: Calculate the load on the lug using tension.

- C6: Determine whether the lifting is safe by comparing each load value with the threshold value (limit load value: maximum value of the load the lug can withstand). In this case, if the load value is less than the threshold value, it is judged that the lifting operation is safe. Of course, if the load value exceeds the threshold value, it is judged that the lifting operation is unsafe. If it is determined that the lifting operation is unsafe, modify the lifting condition and perform the calculation again.

The stability calculation unit 30 calculates the lifting angle in order to determine the direction of the load at a point of interest, and then calculates the lifting angle It is determined whether or not the lifting operation is safe. In this case, as shown in Fig. 12, the angle between the lug and the wire rope 4, and the angle between the wire rope 4 and the trolley 3 are the main check targets.

In connection with the interference, the safety calculation unit 30 determines whether or not the interference is caused according to the following steps D1, D2, and D3, and determines whether the safety of the lifting operation is determined. This is feasible in the present invention because the block lifting conditions and situations are all implemented in a three-dimensional model. Mainly, interference between lug and hull or interference between wire rope (4) and hull is a major check. The procedure is as follows (see FIG. 13).

- D1: Select target lug and wire rope (4) and set boundary box using minimum value and maximum value.

- D2: distinguish the model of the 3D hull and the model of the model coming into the boundary area.

- D3: Perform interference check and check results.

As described above, according to the present invention, prior to the field lifting operation, the layout of the lug of the block (1) and the position of the crane (2) are determined based on the 3D model implemented on the computer screen, It can be accurately judged and predicted in advance.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, substitutions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims. will be. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention and the accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate and not to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments and accompanying drawings. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

1: Block
2: Crane
3: Trolley
4: Wire rope
10: lug arrangement section
11: 2D lug symbol library
12: 3D lug shape library
13: lug type and attribute definition part
14:
20: Three-dimensional model generation unit
30: Safety calculation unit

Claims (1)

Dimensional model of a block, a crane, a trolley, and a wire rope as a three-dimensional model based on the position of the three-dimensional lugs disposed by the lug arranging unit; And calculating a load and an angle through the three-dimensional model by the safety calculation unit and checking whether interference is present, the method comprising:
The safety calculator checks whether the safety in the lifting operation is due to load, angle, and interference.
In regard to the load, it is necessary to understand the weight and the center of gravity of the block, perform the load distribution between the crane if there are two or more crane, calculate the load on the trolley based on the load applied to the crane, Calculating the load applied to the trolley, determining the tension by dividing the load by the number of wire ropes, calculating the load applied to the lug by using the tension, comparing the load value with the threshold value, According to the judging step,
In relation to the angle, the angle between the lug and the wire rope, the angle between the wire rope and the trolley is calculated to determine the direction of the load,
With regard to interference, it is necessary to check the interference between the lug and the hull and the interference between the wire rope and the hull, to select the target lug and the wire rope, and to set the boundary area using the minimum value and the maximum value, Dimensional model and a design model, and performing an interference check and confirming a result of the interference checking.

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