KR20150041930A - Solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment, a solar cell module comprises a lower substrate; a solar cell arranged on the lower substrate; a protection layer arranged on the solar cell; an upper substrate arranged on the protection layer; and busbars arranged on one surface of the upper substrate. The busbars comprise a first busbar enlarged to a first direction in which the upper substrate is enlarged; and a plurality of second busbars enlarged to the protection layer direction. The protection layer comprises a plurality of insertion holes in which the second busbars are inserted.

Description

Solar cell module {SOLAR CELL MODULE}

An embodiment relates to a solar cell module.

Recently, as energy resources such as petroleum and coal are expected to be depleted, interest in alternative energy to replace them is increasing, and solar cells that produce electric energy from solar energy are attracting attention.

Solar cells (photovoltaic cells or solar cells) are the core elements of solar power generation that convert sunlight directly into electricity.

For example, if sunlight having an energy larger than band-gap energy of a semiconductor is incident on a solar cell made of a pn junction of semiconductors, an electron-hole pair is generated. The electron- (Photovoltage) occurs between pn as the electrons are collected into the n layer and the holes are collected into the p layer. At this time, when the load is connected to the electrodes at both ends, current flows.

A current generated in the solar cell is connected to the junction box through the bus bar. Generally, a bus bar is formed on the front surface of the solar cell panel, and a protective layer and an upper glass for protecting the bus bar and the solar cell are formed, The module can be manufactured.

In this case, the solar cell may be exposed to the outside air in the process of forming the bus bar on the solar cell, and impurities such as moisture may penetrate into the solar cell due to such exposure,

Accordingly, although the bus bar can be formed in a vacuum state, in this case, the process efficiency is lowered as the process time is increased.

Therefore, a solar cell module having a new structure capable of preventing moisture penetration into the solar cell when a bus bar is formed on the solar cell panel is required.

The embodiment is intended to provide a solar cell module having improved reliability and light-to-electricity conversion efficiency.

A solar cell module according to an embodiment includes: a lower substrate; A solar cell disposed on the lower substrate; A protective layer disposed on the solar cell; An upper substrate disposed on the protection layer; And a bus bar disposed on one surface of the upper substrate, wherein the bus bar includes: a first bus bar extending in a first direction in which the upper substrate extends; And a plurality of second bus bars extending in the direction of the protection layer, wherein the protection layer has a plurality of insertion holes into which the second bus bars are inserted.

The solar cell module according to the embodiment may have a bus bar disposed on one surface of an upper substrate, and the bus bar may be inserted into an insertion hole formed on the protection layer and passing through the protection layer to contact the solar cell.

Conventionally, a bus bar is formed in a solar cell, and a protective layer and an upper substrate are sequentially laminated to fabricate a solar cell module. However, when forming the bus bar in the solar cell, the solar cell may be exposed to the outside, and external impurities may penetrate into the solar cell. As a result, the solar cell is corroded and the efficiency is lowered.

Accordingly, in the solar cell module according to the embodiment, the protection layer is formed first in the solar cell to prevent the solar cell from being exposed to the outside, the bus bar is formed on one surface of the upper substrate, And the bus bar is inserted into the insertion hole.

Therefore, when forming the bus bar, the solar cell module according to the embodiment can prevent the solar cell from being exposed to the outside, and the solar cell can be protected by forming the protection layer directly on the solar cell, It is possible to improve the efficiency of the solar cell.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a solar cell module according to an embodiment.
2 is a sectional view illustrating a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to an embodiment.
5 to 10 are views for explaining a method of manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment.

In the description of the embodiments, it is to be understood that each layer (film), area, pattern or structure may be referred to as being "on" or "under / under" Quot; includes all that is formed directly or through another layer. The criteria for top / bottom or bottom / bottom of each layer are described with reference to the drawings.

The thickness or the size of each layer (film), region, pattern or structure in the drawings may be modified for clarity and convenience of explanation, and thus does not entirely reflect the actual size.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, a solar cell module according to an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view illustrating a solar cell module according to an embodiment, FIG. 3 is a cross- And FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to an embodiment.

1 to 4, a solar cell module according to an embodiment includes a lower substrate 100, a plurality of solar cells 200 disposed on the lower substrate 100, a lower substrate 100, A plurality of frames 500 accommodating the solar cell 200, a protection layer 300 disposed on the lower substrate 100, and an upper substrate 400 disposed on the protection layer 300 can do.

The lower substrate 100 may have a plate shape. In addition, the lower substrate 100 may include an insulator. The lower substrate 100 may be a glass substrate, a plastic substrate, or a metal substrate. In detail, the lower substrate 100 may be a soda lime glass substrate. Alternatively, a ceramic substrate such as alumina, stainless steel, a flexible polymer, or the like may be used as the material of the lower substrate 100. The lower substrate 100 may be transparent. The lower substrate 100 may be rigid or flexible.

The solar cells 200 may be, for example, a CIGS solar cell, a silicon solar cell, a fuel sensitive solar cell, a III-IV compound semiconductor solar cell, or a III-V compound semiconductor solar cell.

For example, the solar cell 200 may be a CIGS solar cell. In detail, the solar cell 200 includes a rear electrode layer 210 disposed on the lower substrate 100, a light absorbing layer 220 disposed on the rear electrode layer 210, a light absorbing layer 220 disposed on the light absorbing layer 220, And a front electrode layer 240 disposed on the buffer layer 230. The buffer layer 230 may include a buffer layer 230 and a front electrode layer 240 disposed on the buffer layer 230. [

The rear electrode layer 210 may be a conductive layer. Examples of the material used for the rear electrode layer 210 include metals such as molybdenum.

The light absorption layer 220 may include an I-III-VI group compound. For example, the light absorbing layer 300 is copper-indium-gallium-selenide-based (Cu (In, Ga) Se _2; CIGS-based) crystal structure, a copper-indium-selenide-based or copper-gallium-selenide Crystal structure.

The buffer layer 230 may include cadmium sulfide (CdS) or zinc oxide (ZnO).

The front electrode layer 240 may include an oxide. Examples of the material used for the front electrode layer 500 include Al doped ZnC (indium zinc oxide), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin oxide (ITO) And the like.

The solar cells 200 may be arranged in a stripe form. In addition, the solar cells 200 may be arranged in various forms such as a matrix.

A protective layer 300 and an upper substrate 400 for protecting the solar cell 200 may be disposed on the solar cell 200.

The protective layer 300 is integrated with the lower substrate 100 by a lamination process while being disposed on the upper part of the solar cell 200 to prevent corrosion due to moisture penetration and protect the solar cell 200 from impact do. The protective layer 300 may be made of a material such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). The protective layer 300 may be formed under the lower substrate 100.

The upper substrate 400 positioned on the passivation layer 300 is made of tempered glass having high transmittance and excellent breakage prevention function. At this time, the tempered glass may be a low iron tempered glass having a low iron content. Such an upper substrate can be embossed on the inner side to enhance the light scattering effect.

A junction box (not shown) may be further disposed below the lower substrate 100. The junction box includes a diode and the like, and can receive a bus bar 600 and a circuit board connected to the cable. In addition, the solar cell module according to the embodiment may further include wiring for connecting the bus bar 600 and the circuit board. The cable is connected to the circuit board and may be connected to another solar cell 200.

A bus bar 600 may be disposed on one surface of the upper substrate 400. In detail, at least two bus bars 600 may be arranged in parallel on one edge of the upper substrate 400.

The bus bar 600 may include a first bus bar 610 and a second bus bar 620. In detail, the first bus bar 610 may extend in a first direction in which the upper substrate 400 extends. That is, the first bus bar 610 may extend along a first edge of the upper substrate 400 in a first direction in which the upper substrate 400 extends.

The second bus bar 620 may extend in the direction of the protection layer 300. For example, the second bus bar 620 may extend in a direction perpendicular to the first bus bar 610. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The second bus bar 620 may extend in the direction of the protection layer 300 at an inclination angle smaller than a vertical angle with respect to the first bus bar 610 Of course.

The first bus bar 610 and the second bus bar 620 are separated from each other for ease of explanation but the first bus bar 610 and the second bus bar 620 are integrally formed with each other .

A plurality of insertion holes IH may be formed in the passivation layer 300. A plurality of insertion holes IH are formed in the protection layer 300 at positions corresponding to the second bus bars 620 disposed on the upper substrate 400 disposed on the protection layer 300 . That is, the insertion holes IH extend in the same direction as the first direction in which the first bus bar 610 extends, and are formed at positions corresponding to the portions where the second bus bars 620 are positioned .

The insertion hole IH may be formed through the passivation layer 300. In detail, the passivation layer 300 may expose one side of the solar cell 200 disposed on the lower surface of the passivation layer 300 by the insertion hole IH.

The insertion hole IH may be larger than the size of the bus bar 600. In detail, the insertion hole IH may be larger than the size of the second bus bar 620.

An adhesive material 700 may be applied on the protective layer 300. In detail, an adhesive material 700 may be applied to the insertion hole IH formed in the passivation layer 300 to fill part of the insertion hole IH.

The bus bar 600 may be inserted into the insertion hole IH. In detail, the second bus bar 620 may be inserted into the insertion hole IH. That is, the second bus bar 620 disposed in the upper substrate 400 is inserted into the insertion hole IH formed in the passivation layer 300, (Not shown).

The second bus bar 620 may be inserted into the insertion hole IH and enclosed by the adhesive material 700. Accordingly, the insertion hole IH can be completely filled with the second bus bar 620 and the adhesive material 700.

The second bus bar 620 may be inserted into the insertion hole IH and be in contact with one surface of the solar cell 200 exposed by the insertion hole IH.

The solar cell module according to the embodiment may have a bus bar disposed on one surface of an upper substrate, and the bus bar may be inserted into an insertion hole formed on the protection layer and passing through the protection layer to contact the solar cell.

Conventionally, a bus bar is formed in a solar cell, and a protective layer and an upper substrate are sequentially laminated to fabricate a solar cell module. However, when forming the bus bar in the solar cell, the solar cell may be exposed to the outside, and external impurities may penetrate into the solar cell. As a result, the solar cell is corroded and the efficiency is lowered.

Accordingly, in the solar cell module according to the embodiment, the protection layer is formed first in the solar cell to prevent the solar cell from being exposed to the outside, the bus bar is formed on one surface of the upper substrate, And the bus bar is inserted into the insertion hole.

Therefore, when forming the bus bar, the solar cell module according to the embodiment can prevent the solar cell from being exposed to the outside, and the solar cell can be protected by forming the protection layer directly on the solar cell, It is possible to improve the efficiency of the solar cell.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 10. FIG. In the description of the manufacturing method of the solar cell module according to the embodiment, description of the parts similar to those of the solar cell module described above will be omitted.

5 to 10 are views for explaining a method of manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 5, a solar cell 200 is formed on a lower substrate 100. A rear electrode layer 210, a light absorption layer 220, a buffer layer 230, and a front electrode layer 240 may be sequentially formed on the lower substrate 100.

Next, referring to FIG. 6, a protective layer 300 is disposed on the solar cell 200. The protective layer 300 may include a material such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and may be disposed while covering the upper surface of the solar cell 200.

The solar cell 200 can prevent impurities such as moisture from being penetrated by the protective layer 300.

Referring to FIG. 7, an insertion hole IH is formed on the passivation layer 300. Referring to FIG. The insertion holes IH may be spaced apart at regular intervals to form a plurality of insertion holes IH.

The insertion hole IH can be formed by various processes such as a photolithography process. In addition, the insertion hole IH may be formed through the passivation layer 300. Accordingly, the protective layer 300 can expose one surface of the solar cell 200 by the insertion hole IH.

Next, referring to FIG. 8, an adhesive material 700 is applied on the protective layer 300. The adhesive material 700 may be applied to the upper surface of the protection layer 300 and the insertion hole IH.

9, an upper substrate 400 is prepared, and a bus bar 600 is disposed on one surface of the upper substrate 400. Referring to FIG. In detail, the bus bar 400 may be formed on a surface of the upper substrate 400 facing the passivation layer 300. At least two bus bars 400 may be formed on the edge of the upper substrate 400.

The bus bar 600 may include a first bus bar 610 and a second bus bar 620. The first bus bar 610 extends in a first direction in which the upper substrate 400 extends and the second bus bar 620 extends toward the protective layer 300. The second bus bar 620 may be spaced at a distance that is equal to the spacing of the insertion holes IH formed in the passivation layer 300. That is, the insertion hole IH and the second bus bar 620 may be located at positions corresponding to each other.

The first bus bar 610 and the second bus bar 620 may be integrally formed, and the bus bar 600 may be formed by an injection process.

Referring to FIG. 10, the upper substrate 400 and the protection layer 300 are connected to each other. At this time, the second bus bar 620 is inserted into the insertion hole IH formed in the protection layer 300, and the cut material 700 surrounds the second bus bar 620, (IH). ≪ / RTI > The second bus bar 620 is inserted into the insertion hole IH and the second bus bar 620 is in contact with one surface of the solar cell 200 exposed by the insertion hole IH. .

As described above, the solar cell module according to the embodiment can improve the efficiency of the solar cell.

That is, in the solar cell module according to the embodiment, the bus bar is not formed directly on the solar cell, but the protection layer is formed on the solar cell, and then the bus bar and the solar cell .

Therefore, the solar cell module according to the embodiment can prevent the penetration of impurities into the solar cell due to the exposure of the solar cell to the outside when forming the bus bar, thereby preventing corrosion of the solar cell. The photo-electric conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be improved.

The features, structures, effects and the like described in the foregoing embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention and are not necessarily limited to one embodiment. Further, the features, structures, effects, and the like illustrated in the embodiments may be combined or modified in other embodiments by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments belong. Therefore, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to these combinations and modifications.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It can be seen that various modifications and applications are possible. For example, each component specifically shown in the embodiments may be modified and implemented. It is to be understood that the present invention may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof.

Claims (10)

A lower substrate;
A solar cell disposed on the lower substrate;
A protective layer disposed on the solar cell;
An upper substrate disposed on the protection layer; And
And a bus bar disposed on one surface of the upper substrate,
Wherein,
A first bus bar extending in a first direction in which the upper substrate extends; And
And a plurality of second bus bars extending in the direction of the protective layer,
The protective layer may be formed,
And a plurality of insertion holes into which the second bus bar is inserted are formed. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the insertion hole is filled with an adhesive material. 3. The method of claim 2,
And the adhesive material encloses the second bus bars. The method according to claim 1,
And the insertion hole extends in the same direction as the first direction. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first bus bar and the second bus bars are integrally formed. The method according to claim 1,
And wherein the insertion holes expose one surface of the solar cell. The method according to claim 6,
And the second bus bars are in contact with the solar cell in the insertion holes. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the bus bar is formed on at least two edges of edges of the upper substrate. 9. The method of claim 8,
And the insertion hole is formed at a position corresponding to the second bus bar. The method according to claim 1,
In the solar cell,
A rear electrode layer disposed on the lower substrate;
A light absorbing layer disposed on the rear electrode layer; And
A buffer layer disposed on the light absorbing layer; And
And a front electrode layer disposed on the buffer layer.

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