KR20150039122A - Polarizing Element - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a polarizing element, a manufacturing method and a use of the polarizing element. The polarizing element as an example can be manufactured with a simple coating process to not only become thinner, but also have excellent polarization degree, and have color properties near to achromatic color even in the crossing state. The polarizing element can be applied to various display devices such as a liquid crystal display device, an electrical system discharge display device, a display device using electronic paper, a projection display device, or a piezoelectric ceramic display device.

Description

[0002] Polarizing Element [

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polarizing element, a manufacturing method and a use of a polarizing element.

The polarizing element mainly used in the display device is, for example, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVC) film in which iodine is dyed and a protective film for protecting it, for example, a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film As shown in Fig.

In recent years, development of a novel thin film type polymer polarizing film which is formed by a simple coating process as an alternative to the film type multilayer device through iodine dying has been sought. The thinning of the polarizing film through the simplification of the structure and the low-cost manufacturing process technology are core technologies for reducing the LCD cost and realizing the flexible display. Typically, the lyophilic liquid crystal (LLC) layer as in Patent Document 1, 2, there is known a technique for producing a polarizing element by coating a dye layer containing a dichroic dye and a reactive liquid crystal compound.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2010-0128992 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-0152351

The present application provides a polarizing element, a method of manufacturing a polarizing element, and its use.

An exemplary polarizing element of the present application may include a liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and a dye layer present on one side of the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer. The dye layer may include, for example, a dichroic dye and a polymerizable liquid crystal compound. Such a dye layer is called a so-called guest-host type polarizing element. For example, dichroic dyes are arranged together according to the arrangement of polymerizable liquid crystal compounds to absorb light parallel to the alignment direction of the dyes, Anisotropic light absorption effect can be exhibited. Fig. 1 exemplarily shows an optical element including a liquid crystal liquid crystal layer 101 and a dye layer 102 present on one surface of the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer.

The term polarizing element in the present application may mean, for example, a functional layer having a transmission axis formed in one direction and exhibiting an anisotropic transmission property with respect to incident light. For example, the polarizing element may have a function of transmitting light that vibrates in one direction from incident light that vibrates in various directions, and blocking or reflecting the light that vibrates in the other direction.

The liquid crystal liquid crystal layer may include, for example, a dichroic dye capable of forming an LLC (Lyotropic Liquid Crystal) phase. In the present specification, " LLC (Lyotropic Liquid Crystal) " may mean a material exhibiting liquid crystallinity in a constant composition or concentration range. In addition, the term " dichroic dye " in the application means a substance which exhibits anisotropic absorption behavior of the electron beam in a predetermined wavelength range, for example, a molecule capable of absorbing more light in a specific direction than in another direction have.

The liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer may exhibit an anisotropic transmission property with respect to incident light, for example, a function of selectively transmitting or reflecting incident light according to any one of the polarization axes. In the present application, the polarization axis may mean the direction of vibration of the electric field in the light. For example, the dichroic dye included in the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer may include an anisotropic absorption segment and the refractive index anisotropy may be 0.2 or more in order to exhibit the selective transmission and reflection characteristics. In the present application, the refractive index anisotropy is determined by a refractive index for light in a visible light region having a polarization axis in a direction parallel to the optical transit dipole moment of the anisotropic absorption segment of the dichroic dye contained in the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer, May mean the absolute value of the difference in refractive index for light in a visible region having a polarization axis in one direction, for example, in a wavelength region of 380 nm to 780 nm, more specifically 400 nm to 700 nm.

When the dichroic dye having the refractive index anisotropy as described above is oriented in the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer in an appropriate direction, the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer may exhibit a function of selectively transmitting or reflecting the incident light along the polarization axis thereof. Although not limited by theory, dichroic dyes typically exhibit a high refractive index for light having a polarization axis in a direction parallel to the optical transfer dipole moments, and a low refractive index for light having a polarization axis in a direction perpendicular to the moment When the refractive index difference, that is, the refractive index anisotropy is within the above range, light having a polarization axis parallel to an axis having a high refractive index in the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer is reflected by total reflection, Light having a polarization axis in a direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal layer can pass through the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer. The higher the refractive index anisotropy is, the more the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer can exhibit effective selective reflection and transmission characteristics. The upper limit is not particularly limited, and may be 2.5 or less, for example.

The projection of the optical transfer dipole moment or the moment on the plane of the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer may be parallel to the optical axis of the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer or the dichroic dye molecule. As used herein, the term " optical axis " of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer or the dichroic dye molecule may refer to any direction optically selected in the plane of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer. The optical axis of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer or the dichroic dye molecule may coincide with the coating direction in the coating process for forming the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer, for example. Fig. 2 is a diagram exemplarily showing a case where the projection of the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer in the plane of the optical transfer dipole moments is parallel to the optical axis of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer. Fig. As can be seen from Fig. 2, for example, when the optical transfer dipole moments are arranged in parallel with the liquid-crystal laminar layer, the moment may be the same as the projection thereof. In a suitable example, the optical transfer dipole moment may be parallel to the optical axis of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer or the dichroic dye molecule.

The dichroic dye molecule or one or more anisotropic absorption segments of the molecule may have a linear structure so that the optical transfer dipole moment and the optical axis in the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer can be positioned in parallel.

The dichroic dye contained in the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer can form a stable liquid-crystal liquid crystal phase. For example, a composition containing the dichroic dye (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a " liquid-crystal liquid crystal composition ") may be used as the liquid- To a mechanical ordering that can be realized by a method of imposing shearing or wedging forces induced upon separation of a layer of a liquid crystal composition from one surface to another surface It is possible to form the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer by orientation by a method that is based on the above.

The liquid-crystal liquid crystal phase can be, for example, based on supermolecular complexes of the dichroic dyes and molecular associates or molecular complexes of a degree of aggregation of dichroic dyes and / .

The dichroic dye forming the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer may have a maximum absorption wavelength, for example, in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 700 nm. In this range, for example, the polarizing element including the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer can exhibit excellent performance in the display device.

The dichroic dye forming the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer preferably has a molecular weight of 300 g / mol to 900 g / mol, preferably 450 g / mol to 800 g / mol, more preferably 600 g / mol to 900 g / mol . Within this range, the dichroic dye exhibits an appropriate absorption wavelength and can form a stable liquid-crystal liquid crystal phase.

As the dichroic dye for forming the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer, any of the dichroic dyes capable of forming a liquid-crystal liquid crystal phase known in the art can be used without limitation as long as they exhibit the above-mentioned characteristics.

In one example, the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer comprises at least one salt of a dichroic anionic dye represented by {color element} (- X _i O ^- M _i ⁺ ) _n , wherein the color element is a dye chromophore system), and, X _i is CO, SO _2, OSO _2, or OPO (O ^- and M ^+), n is 1 to 10, M _i ⁺ is H ^+, M _H ⁺ and / or M _o ^+, M _H ⁺ is ^{_{NH 4 +, Li +, Na}} +, K +, Cs +, 1 / 2Mg ++, 1 / 2Ca ++, 1 / 2Ba ++, 1 / 3Fe +++, 1 / 2Ni ++ or and 1 / 2Co ⁺⁺ cations of inorganic type, M ⁺ _o is N- alkylpyridinium, N- alkyl key fun of titanium, a N- alkyl Jolly microporous titanium, N- alkyl-thiazolidine titanium, OH- (CH ₂ -CH ₂ O) _m -CH ₂ CH ₂ -NH ₃ ⁺ wherein m is 1 to 9, RR'NH ₂ ⁺ , RR'R "NH ⁺ , RR'R" R ^* N ⁺ , RR'R " R ^* P ⁺ (in the above, R, R ', R " , R * is _{CH 3, ClC 2 H 4,} C 2 H 5, C 3 H 7, C 4 H 9, C 6 H 5 CH 2 , such as the A substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or heteroaryl), YH- (CH ₂ -CH ₂ Y) _k -CH ₂ CH ₂ (wherein Y Is O or NH, and k is 0 to 10); (M _i ⁺ OX _i ^-) _{n {chromogenic} (- X j O-SAI} j) one or more of the amphoteric surfactant and / or a dichroic anionic dye with surface-active cation represented by _m aggregate (the in, X _j is CO, SO _2, OSO _2, and OPO (OM ^+), n is 0 to 9, m is 1 to 4, m _i ⁺ is H ^+, m _O ⁺ and / or m _H ⁺ , SAI _j (hereinafter surface active ion) is SAC ⁺ and / or AmSAS, SAC ⁺ is surface active cation and AmSAS is amphoteric surface active substance); At least one aggregate of a dichroic cationic dye having an amphoteric surfactant and / or a surface active anion represented by (M _i ⁺ O ^- X _i ^- ) n {color material} SAI wherein n is from 0 to 5 , SAI is SAA ^- and / or AmSAS, and SAA ^- is a surface active anion); One or more associations of a dichroic cationic dye having an amphoteric surfactant and / or a surface active anion represented by {color element} (-Z _i ⁺ RR'R "SAI _i ) _n , wherein Z _i is N Or P, and R, R 'and R "are substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups such as CH ₃ , ClC ₂ H ₄ , HOC ₂ H ₄ , C ₂ H ₅ and C ₃ H ₇ , SAI _i is SAA ^- / Or AmSAS, and n is 1 to 4); ([{- chromogenic} (- X _i O ^- M ⁺ _{i) n]} ^-Li-) at least one salt of a dichroic anionic dye oligomer represented by _q (in the above, L is (CH _{2) 6,} C _{6 H 4, C 6 H 3} GC 6 H 3 G, C 6 H 3 GQC 6 H 3 G ( in the above, G is H, Hal, OH, and NH _2, Alk, Q is O, S, NH, CH ₂ , CONH, SO ₂ , NH-CO-NH, CH = CH, N = N, CH = N), n is 1 to 10, q is 5 to 10; And / or one or more water insoluble dichroic dyes having no inorganic or hydrophilic moieties. The dye is the same ion exchanger, for example, OM _i -X _i ^+, _j -X-O SAI _j, -X _i ⁺ RR'R ", and / or may include a M ⁺ _i, at the same time two identical X _i OM _i ⁺ , -X _j O-SAI _j , -X _i , and / or a plurality of different ion groups and / or M _i ⁺ _i ⁺ RR'R "is -Q _i, for directly with the aromatic ring and / or cross-linked, for example - (CH _{2) p} - (in the above, Q _i is _{SO 2 NH, SO 2, CONH} , CO, O, S , NH or CH ₂ , and p is 1 to 10).

The coloring material may be, for example, 1,4,5,8-naphthalene-, 3,4,9,10-perylene-, 3,4,9,10-anantron-tetracarboxylic acid, azo Dyes, azo dyes, metal complex dyes, azomethine dyes, styrene dyes or polymethine dye-based chromophore systems. In another example, the coloring material is selected from the group consisting of mono-, bis-, tris-, polyazo- or azoxy-dyes, stilbene, azomethine, thiopyrronine, pyronin, acridine, anthraquinone, perrinone, indigoid , Oxazine, aryloxycarbonyl, thiazine, xanthine or azine dyes, heterocyclic derivatives of di- and triarylmethanes, polycyclic or metal complex compounds, heterocyclic derivatives of anthrone, or mixtures thereof May be a chromophore system selected from one or more dichroic dyes or pigments selected from the group consisting of direct dyes, active dyes, acid dyes, polymethine dyes, cyanine dyes, hemicyan dyes, vat dyes and disperse dyes.

In preparing the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer, a suitable type of dye among the above-mentioned dichroic organic dyes can be selected and used.

For the preparation of dyes of the type described above, for example, stilbene dyes disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,007,942 or U.S. Patent No. 5,340,504; Azo and metal complex dyes described in U.S. Patent No. 5,318,856; C.I. Direct Yellow 12, C.I. Direct Yellow 28, C.I. Direct Yellow 44, C.I. Direct Yellow 142, C.I. Direct Orange 6, C.I. Direct Orange 26, C.I. Direct Orange 39, C.I. Direct Orange 72, C.I. Direct orange 107, C.I. Direct Red 2, C.I. Direct Red 31, C.I. Direct Red 79, C.I. Direct Red 81, C.I. Direct Red 240, C.I. Direct Red 247, C.I. Direct Violet 9, C.I. Direct Violet 48, C.I. Direct Violet 51, C.I. Direct Blue 1, C.I. Direct Blue 15, C.I. Direct Blue 71, C.I. Direct Blue 78, C.I. Direct Blue 98, C.I. Direct Blue 168, C.I. Direct Blue 202, C.I. Direct Brown l06, C.I. Direct Brown 223, C.I. Direct dyes such as Direct Green 85; C.I. Active Yellow 1, C.I. Active Red 1, C.I. Active Red 6, C.I. Active Red 14, C.I. Active Red 46, C.I. Active violet 1, C.I. Active Blue 9, C.I. Active dyes such as Active Blue 10; C.I. Acid Orange 63, C.I. Acid Red 85, C.I. Acid Red 144, C.I. Acid Red 152, C.I. Acid Brown 32, C.I. Acid Violet 50, C.I. Acid Blue 18, C.I. Acid Blue 44, C.I. Acid Blue 61, C.I. Acid Blue 102, C.I. Acid dyes such as Acid Black 21; C.I. Basic Red 12, Basic Brown (CI 33500), C.I. Cationic dyes such as basic black and the like can be used.

The dichroic dye can be produced by a method known in, for example, International Patent Publication No. 1999-31535 or International Patent Publication No. 2000-067069.

In one example, the dichroic dye included in the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer may be a dye represented by the following formula (1).

[Chemical Formula 1]

Wherein Q is a dye chromophore system, A is a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkylidene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, -SO ₂ NH-T-, -SO ₂ -T-, -CONH -T-, -CO-T-, -OT-, -ST- or -NH-T-, wherein T is an alkylene group or an alkylidene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R is a salt- and n is the number of ARs bonded to Q,

In the dye chromophore system of the above formula 1, for example, a dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 350 nm to 900 nm, preferably 350 nm to 600 nm, more preferably 440 nm to 500 nm Chromophore system. The dye chromophore system may also be a chromophoric system having a molecular weight of from 300 g / mol to 900 g / mol, preferably from 450 g / mol to 800 g / mol, more preferably from 600 g / mol to 900 g / mol have.

In the formula (1), a single bond means that no atom exists in a portion denoted by A and Q and R are directly connected to each other. A is preferably a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkylidene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms An alkylidene group, and more preferably a single bond.

Further, the residue of a salt form in formula (I) are, for example, the residues contained in the above-described dichroic dye, for example, -X _i O ^- M ⁺ _i, and the like, and preferably -SO ₃ ^- M ⁺ or -COO ^- M ⁺ , wherein M ⁺ is H ⁺ ; ^{_{NH 4 +, Li +, Na}} +, K +, Cs +, 1 / 2Mg ++, 1 / 2Ca ++, 1 / 2Ba ++, 1 / 3Fe +++, 1 / 2Ni ++ or 1 / 2Co Inorganic cations such as ⁺⁺ ; Alkylpyridinium, N-alkylquinolinium, N-alkylimidazolinium, N-alkylthiazolinium, OH- (CH ₂ -CH ₂ O) _m -CH ₂ CH ₂ -NH ₃ ⁺ in, m is from 1 to ^{_{9), RR'NH 2 +, RR'R}} "NH +, RR'R" R * N +, RR'R "R * P + ( in the above, R, R ', R" , R ^* is _{CH 3, ClC 2 H 4,} C 2 H 5, C 3 H 7, C 4 H 9, C 6 H 5 CH 2 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group such as, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or heteroaryl in Im) or _{YH- (CH 2 -CH 2 Y)} k -CH 2 CH 2 ( wherein, Y is O or NH, k may be a 0 to 10). The M ⁺ may preferably be an inorganic cation, more preferably Li ⁺ , Na ⁺ , K ⁺ or Cs ⁺ , more preferably Na ⁺ or Li ⁺ .

In Formula 1, n is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3.

The dichroic dye represented by the formula (1) is more preferably a compound represented by the following formula (2).

(2)

Wherein -U- is -N = N- or -O- (CH ₂ ) - (CHOH) - (CH ₂ ) -O- and X is independently an aryl group or a ring having 6 to 18 carbon atoms R ₁ is a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an oxo group, or -N═N Ph represents a phenyl group substituted with an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or unsubstituted phenyl group, l and m each independently represent 1 or 2, and p and q Represents the number of R < ₁ > substituted on X, and each independently represents a number of 0 to 2;

The hetero atom contained in the heteroaryl group as a ring constituting atom in the above may be, for example, N or O, preferably N. [ The heteroatoms in the ring atoms of the heteroaryl group may be, for example, 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 to 2 heteroatoms.

In the general formula (2), -U- may preferably be -N = N-, and X is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl group having 6 to 12 ring-constituting atoms, may be an aryl group of 6 to 12, R ₁ is preferably a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, a haloalkyl group, an oxo group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or -N = N-Ph (wherein Ph is in one or more More preferably a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an oxo group, or -N = N-Ph (a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an unsubstituted phenyl group) , Ph is at least one alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or unsubstituted phenyl group), l and m are more preferably 1, and p and q are each independently 0 or 1 < / RTI > Examples of the halogen which may be substituted on the haloalkyl group include chlorine and fluorine.

With the above-mentioned dichroic dyes, a very important factor other than the purity of the dye for the formation of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal phase and the colloid-chemical properties including the structure and the rheological characteristic of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal composition based on the dichroic dye Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > hydrophilic-hydrophilic < / RTI > balance of the dichroic dye molecule. The change in solubility and hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity balance affects the forming process and the degree of molecular conformation, and as a result, the liquid crystal liquid crystal composition is deposited on the surface of any substrate, and the polarizing index of the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > liquid crystal phase. ≪ / RTI >

The characteristics of the dye and the liquid-crystal liquid crystal composition can be particularly effectively controlled in the case of a dye having two or more ionic groups. In this case it is possible to use two or more different cations, each cation providing their own properties, or other properties. For example, a combination of Li ⁺ cations that provide increased solubility and three ethanol ammonium cations that decrease the cohesion of dye molecules and tetra-butylammonium cations that stabilize the liquid-crystal liquid crystal phase can be used to form single molecules and / (Complexes) with molecular dyes having a high degree of crystallinity. The dye has a linear molecular structure to promote the formation of the nematic liquid crystal liquid crystal phase and to provide a higher degree of orientation by the formation of the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and as a result can provide more effective selective transmission and reflection of the electron beam.

Addition of polyvalent cations such as 1 / 2Mg ⁺⁺ , 1 / 2Ca ⁺⁺ , 1 / 2Ba ⁺⁺ increases the degree of coagulation in the molecular complex and increases the degree of coagulation, for example, To form a liquid crystal liquid phase of the complex, and its solubility can be increased by the use of a surface active ion.

The liquid-crystal liquid crystal composition is characterized in that one random mutual position of the dye molecules or supramolecular complexes is rendered impossible and the concentration of the diluting liquid to the required concentration, which must have an ordered LC state, for example by evaporation or membrane superfiltration Or a mixture of water, water / alcohol, a bipolar aprotic solvent (for example, dimethyl formamide (DMFA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), cellosolve, ethyl acetate and other solvents miscible with water ), And the like, may be obtained from either an aqueous solution, an aqueous-organic solution, or an organic solution of a suitable dye by dissolving the dry dye in a suitable solvent. At this concentration, the concentration of the dye in the liquid-crystal liquid crystal composition is selected within the range of 0.5 wt% to 30 wt%, preferably about 0.5 wt% to 20 wt%, more preferably about 0.5 wt% to 15 wt% .

In order to control the colloid-chemical properties of the liquid crystal liquid, the composition may contain, in addition to the solvent, additives and modifiers such as nonionic and ionic surfactants, binders and film forming reactants (polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, Polyacrylic acid and its ethers, polyacrylamides, polyethylene oxide and polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols and copolymers thereof, ethyl- and hydroxypropyl ethers of cellulose, sodium salts of carboxymethylcellulose, and the like). The composition may further comprise additives from the amide family, such as hydrotropic additives such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, alkylamides of phosphoric acid, carbamides and N-substituted derivatives thereof, N-alkylpyrrolidones, Amides and mixtures thereof, and mixtures of amides and glycols. The use of suitable additives not only increases the stability of the composition but also makes it possible to control the aggregation process of dye molecules and consequently to control the formation process of liquid crystal liquid crystals. Thus, the addition of a hydrotropic additive enables the preparation of liquid-crystal liquid crystal compositions of a single dye molecule.

Accordingly, the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer may contain at least 50 wt% of a modifier such as a stabilizer of different types of light, hydrophilic and / or hydrophobic polymers including liquid crystal, silicon, plasticizer, lacquer, nonionic, It may further include a topic.

For the formation of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer, a locally aligned liquid-crystal liquid crystal composition may be deposited on the surface of the substrate by a method known in, for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,739,296. Under the influence of an external orientation effect, the liquid-crystal liquid crystal composition can be used in a direction in which the dipole moments of the optical transition dye molecules or their anisotropic absorption segments are set by mechanical orientation or surface anisotropy, It is possible to take a macroscopic orientation that is homogeneously oriented with respect to the substrate. For example, the orientation of the molecules during the solidification process, such as removal of the solvent or reduction in temperature, is not only well preserved but also increases due to crystallization.

In another example, the orientation of the liquid-crystalline liquid crystal composition on the substrate surface under the action of a shear force may be realized by deposition of a composition using a doctor blade, which may be a die or knife blade or a cylindrical blade. One method of preparing a liquid-phase liquid-crystalline layer of a dye-based one of the form comprising different cations provides for the treatment of a layer formed of a barium, calcium or magnesium chloride solution. By this treatment, it is possible to produce a liquid crystal liquid crystal layer containing cations such as lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, ammonium ammonium, alkylammonium, barium, calcium or magnesium at the same time.

The liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer may be formed, for example, in a multi-layered structure. In this case, the dichroic dyes included in each layer may have different maximum absorption wavelengths. Accordingly, selective transmission and reflection characteristics can be exhibited for light in a broader wavelength range. The liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer can form, for example, a liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer and a first liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer including a first dichroic dye having a maximum absorption wavelength of 600 nm to 700 nm And a second liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer comprising a second dichroic dye having a maximum absorption wavelength of 400 nm to 550 nm. Even when implemented in a multilayer structure, the optical transit dipole moments of the anisotropic absorbing segment or the relationship between the projection and the optical axis can be adjusted as described above. The liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer may also include a multilayer structure of three or more layers.

The thickness of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer may be, for example, 10 nm to 700 nm, more specifically, 10 nm to 500 nm. In such a thickness range, the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer can exhibit effective transmission and reflection characteristics of selective light. In the case where the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of layers as described above, the sum of the thicknesses of the plurality of layers may be included in the range.

The dichroic ratio of the dichroic dye contained in the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer can be suitably selected within a range that does not impair the desired physical properties. The dichroic ratio in the present application may mean a value obtained by dividing the absorption of the polarized light parallel to the long axis direction of the dichroic dye by the absorption of the polarized light parallel to the direction perpendicular to the long axis direction. The dichroic ratio of the dichroic dye contained in the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer may be, for example, 10 or more. The dichroic dye may have a dichroic ratio at least at some wavelength or at any wavelength within the wavelength range of the visible light region, for example, from 380 nm to 700 nm, more specifically from 400 nm to 700 nm Can be satisfied. When the dichroic ratio of the dichroic dye contained in the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer satisfies the above-mentioned range, the polarizing element can exhibit excellent polarization degree.

In the case of using only the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer as the polarizing element, a relatively high dichroic ratio can be exhibited, so that it can exhibit excellent polarization degree. However, since it is difficult to control the absorption of the dichroic dye itself contained in the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer, The light leakage phenomenon may occur. For example, the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer may have a thickness of 350 nm (hereinafter, referred to as " crossed transmittance ") in the case where the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and the polarizer are arranged such that the optical axis of the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and the absorption axis of the polarizer are perpendicular The average transmittance may be 3% or more within a wavelength range of 500 nm to 500 nm. Accordingly, when only the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer is used as a polarizing element, there is a problem that it is difficult to control the color of the polarizing element, particularly, in the orthogonal state of the polarizing element. On the other hand, in the exemplary polarizing element of the present application, the above-described dye layer is further formed and used in the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer to improve the color and reflection characteristics by the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer, Can be realized.

Such a dye layer can function as a guest host type polarizing element, including a dichroic dye and a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, as described above. The dye layer may exhibit an anisotropic transmission property with respect to incident light, for example, a function of selectively transmitting or absorbing incident light in accordance with any one of the polarization axes.

The "polymerizable liquid crystal compound" in the present application may mean a compound containing a moiety capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity, such as a mesogen skeleton, and containing at least one polymerizable functional group. The polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be contained in the polarizing layer, for example, in a polymerized state. In the present application, "the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is contained in a polymerized form" may mean a state in which the liquid crystal compound is polymerized to form a skeleton such as a main chain or side chain of the liquid crystal polymer in the polarizing layer.

As the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (3) can be used.

(3)

Wherein A is a single bond, -COO- or -OCO-, and R 1 to R ₁₀ are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cyano group, At least one of R ₁ to R ₁₀ is -OQP or a substituent of the following general formula (4), or two adjacent substituents of R ₁ to R ₅ or two adjacent substituents of R ₆ to R ₁₀ are And Q represents an alkylene group or an alkylidene group, and P represents an alkenyl group, an epoxy group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an acryloyloxy group, Or a polymerizable functional group such as a methacryloyloxy group:

[Chemical Formula 4]

Wherein B is a single bond, -COO- or -OCO-, and R ₁₁ to R ₁₅ are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group or -OQP , At least one of R ₁₁ to R ₁₅ is -OQP, or R ₁₁ To R < ₁₅ > are connected to each other to form benzene substituted with -OQP, wherein Q is an alkylene group or an alkylidene group, and P is an alkenyl group, an epoxy group, a cyano group, A methacryloyl group, an acryloyloxy group, or a methacryloyloxy group.

The adjacent two substituents in Formulas 3 and 4 are connected to form benzene substituted with -OQP means that two adjacent substituents are connected to each other to form a naphthalene skeleton substituted with -OQP as a whole have.

In the above formula (4), "-" on the left side of B may mean that B is directly connected to benzene of the formula (3).

The term "single bond" in the above formulas (3) and (4) means a case where no separate atom exists in the part represented by A or B. For example, when A is a single bond in formula (I), benzene on both sides of A may be directly connected to form a biphenyl structure.

Examples of the halogen in the formulas (3) and (4) include chlorine, bromine, iodine and the like.

The term alkyl group in the present application includes, unless otherwise specified, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to 16 carbon atoms, 1 to 12 carbon atoms, 1 to 8 carbon atoms or 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms or 4 to 12 carbon atoms. The alkyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents.

The term alkoxy group in the present application may mean an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to 16 carbon atoms, 1 to 12 carbon atoms, 1 to 8 carbon atoms or 1 to 4 carbon atoms unless otherwise specified. The alkoxy group may be linear, branched or cyclic. In addition, the alkoxy group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents.

The term alkylene group or alkylidene group in the present application may mean an alkylene group or an alkylidene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, 4 to 10 carbon atoms, or 6 to 9 carbon atoms unless otherwise specified. The alkylene group or alkylidene group may be linear, branched or cyclic. Also, the alkylene group or alkylidene group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents.

Unless otherwise specified, the alkenyl group in the present application may mean an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, 2 to 16 carbon atoms, 2 to 12 carbon atoms, 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or 2 to 4 carbon atoms. The alkenyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic. In addition, the alkenyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents.

In the general formulas (1) and (2), P is preferably an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group, more preferably an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group, And more preferably an acryloyloxy group.

Examples of the substituent which may be substituted in the specific functional group in the present application include alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, alkenyl groups, epoxy groups, oxo groups, oxetanyl groups, thiol groups, cyano groups, carboxyl groups, acryloyl groups, methacryloyl groups, Acryloyloxy group, methacryloyloxy group, aryl group, and the like, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The polymerizable liquid crystal compound may be contained in the dye layer in a horizontally oriented state, for example. The term "horizontal orientation" as used herein means that the optical axis of the dye layer comprising the polymerized liquid crystal compound is in the range of from about 0 degrees to about 25 degrees, from about 0 degrees to about 15 degrees, from about 0 degrees to about 10 degrees , About 0 degrees to about 5 degrees, or about 0 degrees.

The dichroic dye contained in the dye layer may exhibit a maximum absorbance, for example, in a visible light region, for example, within a wavelength range of 380 to 700 nm. The dichroic dyes contained in the dye layer include those known to form so-called guest-host type polarizing elements, for example, those known to have properties that can be arranged according to the orientation of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound Dye can be selected and used. As such dichroic dyes, for example, known dyes such as azo dyes or anthraquinone dyes can be used. Specifically, azo dyes F355 (registered trademark), F357 (registered trademark), or F593 (registered trademark) Nippon Kankoh Shikiso kenkyusho Ltd.), and dyes of a kind known to exhibit the above-mentioned effects, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The dichroic ratio of the dichroic dye contained in the dye layer may have a dichroic ratio of, for example, 5 or more, 6 or more, or 7 or more. The dichroic dye may be, for example, at least a part of the wavelength within the wavelength range of the visible light region, for example, within the wavelength range of about 380 nm to 700 nm or about 400 nm to 700 nm, Can be satisfied. The upper limit of the dichroic ratio may be, for example, 20 or less, 18 or less, 16 or less, or 14 or less.

The dichroic dyes contained in the dye layer may be used alone or in combination of two or more. For example, as the dichroic dye contained in the dye layer, the first dichroic dye exhibiting the maximum absorbance within the wavelength range of 380 nm to 500 nm may be used alone, or the second dichroic dye may be used in an amount of 500 nm to 700 lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > nm < / RTI > wavelength range. When the dichroic dye contained in the dye layer exhibits the maximum absorbance in the above wavelength range, the color and reflection due to the use of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer can be improved. For example, when the first dichroic dye alone is included in the dye layer, color tone and reflection can be improved in an orthogonal state. When the dye layer includes both the first and second dichroic dyes, In addition, color and reflection can be improved even in a single state.

The thickness of the dye layer may be, for example, 300 nm to 3 탆, more specifically 500 nm to 2 탆. In this thickness range, the dye layer can exhibit effective transmission and absorption characteristics of selective light.

In the polarizing element, the optical axis of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer and the optical axis of the dye layer are parallel to each other, for example, from about 0 degrees to about 5 degrees, from about 0 degrees to about 4 degrees, from about 0 degrees to about 3 degrees, 2 < / RTI > When the dichroic dye has a rod shape, the optical axis of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer may correspond to the coating direction in the coating process for forming the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer, and the dichroic dye may have a discotic shape , It may be the normal direction of the surface formed in the coating direction. Further, the optical axis of the dye layer may mean the alignment direction of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. When the arrangement of the optical axis of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer and the optical axis of the dye layer satisfies the above-described range, the transmission axis of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer and the transmission axis of the dye layer can be made parallel to each other, thereby maximizing the anisotropic transmission characteristics of the polarizing element have.

The polarizing element may further comprise a substrate layer. 3, the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer 101 and the dye layer 102 are sequentially formed on one side of the base layer 301, or alternatively, the base layer 301 The liquid crystal liquid crystal layer 101 and the dye layer 102 may be formed on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 103.

As the substrate layer, a known substrate layer material can be used without any particular limitation. As the base layer, for example, an inorganic film such as a glass film, a crystalline or amorphous silicon film, a quartz or an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) film, or a plastic film can be used. The substrate layer may also be an optically isotropic substrate or an optically anisotropic substrate such as a retardation layer.

Plastic substrates include TAC (triacetyl cellulose); A cycloolefin copolymer (COP) such as a norbornene derivative; Poly (methyl methacrylate), PC (polycarbonate), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), diacetyl cellulose (DAC), polyacrylate (PAC), polyether sulfone (PES) (PPS), polyarylate (PAR), amorphous fluorine resin, or the like can be used as the substrate, but it is possible to use a substrate such as PPS (polyphenylsulfone), PEI (polyetherimide), PEN (polyethylenemaphthatate) A coating layer of a silicon compound such as gold, silver, silicon dioxide or silicon monoxide, or a coating layer such as an antireflection layer may be present.

The exemplary polarizing element can exhibit an excellent polarization degree as compared with the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer alone or the dye layer alone by including the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and the dye layer at the same time. The average polarization degree of such a polarizing element may be 90% or more, for example. The method of measuring the polarization degree is not particularly limited, and can be measured using, for example, a JASCO V-7100 spectrometer of Jasco.

The exemplary polarizing element may also exhibit color characteristics close to neutral or gray. As described above, when the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and the dye layer are included at the same time, the dye layer can complement the coloring and reflection problem due to the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer, so that the polarizing element exhibits color characteristics close to achromatic . The achromatic color characteristics of such a polarizing element can be confirmed, for example, from the CIE color coordinate values measured using a JASCO V-7100 spectrometer from Jasco. Although it is not limited to the following numerical values, it can be seen that when the X and Y values of the CIE chromaticity coordinates are within the range of about 0.3 to 0.4, It can be said that the color characteristic is close to achromatic color.

The polarizing element also includes a liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer and a dye layer which can be formed by a simple coating method as described later, so that the device can be thinned through simplification of the structure. The thickness of such a polarizing element can be appropriately adjusted according to the intended purpose. For example, the polarizing element is formed to have a total thickness ranging from 1 탆 to 5 탆, 1 탆 to 4 탆, more specifically, can do.

The present application also relates to a method of manufacturing the polarizing element. The polarizing element can be produced, for example, by forming the above-described liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer or dye layer by a coating method. The liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and the dye layer may be formed by sequentially or simultaneously coating one surface or both surfaces of the substrate.

The method of coating the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer or the dye layer is not particularly limited and a known coating such as roll coating, printing method, ink jet coating, slit nozzle method, bar coating, comma coating, spin coating or gravure coating Coating method. ≪ / RTI >

More specifically, the dye layer can be formed by coating a liquid crystal composition containing a dichroic dye and a polymerizable liquid crystal compound and then polymerizing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. The polymerization method of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a known liquid crystal compound polymerization method. For example, the polymerization may be carried out by maintaining the appropriate temperature at which the polymerization reaction is initiated or by irradiating a suitable active energy ray. When the maintenance at an appropriate temperature and the irradiation of the active energy ray are simultaneously required, the above process can be carried out sequentially or simultaneously. The irradiation of the active energy ray may be performed using, for example, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an electrodeless lamp, or a xenon lamp, and the conditions such as the wavelength, luminous intensity, Can be selected within a range in which the polymerization of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be properly carried out.

The present application also relates to the use of the polarizing element. The polarizing element can be usefully used, for example, in a display device. Examples of the display device include a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL (electroluminescence) display device, an inorganic EL display device, a field emission display (FED), a surface field emission display (SPED) (For example, a grating light valve (GLV) display device, a display having a digital micro mirror device (Digital Light Processing)), a display device using a liquid crystal display device Device], and a piezoelectric ceramic display device, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The liquid crystal display device may be, for example, a transmissive liquid crystal display device, a transflective liquid crystal display device, a reflective liquid crystal display device, a direct viewing type liquid crystal display device, or a projection type liquid crystal display device. Further, such a display device may be a display device for displaying a two-dimensional image or a stereoscopic display device for displaying a three-dimensional image. The manner of constructing such a display device is not particularly limited, and a conventional method can be applied as long as the polarizing element is used.

Since the polarizing element of the present application can be manufactured by a simple coating process, it can be thinned, has excellent polarization, and can exhibit achromatic color characteristics even in an orthogonal state. Such a polarizing element can be applied to various display devices such as a liquid crystal display device, an EL display device, a field emission display device, a display device using an electronic paper, a projection display device, or a piezoelectric ceramic display device. .

Fig. 1 exemplarily shows a polarizing element.
2 is a diagram exemplarily showing the projection of the optical transfer dipole moment and the optical axis relationship of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer.
Figs. 3 to 4 illustrate polarizing elements by way of example.
5 is an image of observation of transmission in a parallel state and a crossed state of a polarizing element of Comparative Example 1;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing a result of measuring a single transmittance, a parallel transmittance, and a crossed transmittance of a polarizing element of Comparative Example 1. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the measurement results of the crossed transmittance of the polarizing devices of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 to 3.
Figs. 8 to 11 are images of observation of transmission in single and crossed states of the polarizing elements of Examples 2 to 5. Fig.
12 shows the results of CIE color coordinate measurement of the polarizing elements of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 to 3.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the examples according to the present application and the comparative examples not based on the present invention, but the scope of the present application is not limited by the following examples.

Example  One

A liquid crystal liquid composition was prepared by dissolving a dichroic dye (trade name: Direct Blue 67, manufactured by AK Scientific, Inc.) for forming a liquid crystal liquid crystal phase in distilled water, and then a liquid crystal liquid crystal layer was aligned on one side of the TAC substrate , And dried at 100 ° C for 2 minutes to form a liquid crystal liquid crystal layer.

Then, an alignment film having an alignment direction parallel to the direction of shear force for forming the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer was formed on the surface of the TAC substrate on which the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer was not formed. Specifically, a composition for forming a photo alignment film was coated on the surface of the TAC substrate on which the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer was not formed to a thickness of about 1,000 Å after drying, and dried in an oven at 80 ° C for 2 minutes. As a composition for forming a photo alignment layer, a composition prepared by dissolving a toluene solvent so as to have a solid concentration of Metoxy-Cinnamate of 2 wt% was used. After drying the composition for forming a photo alignment layer, the alignment treatment was performed by irradiating with ultraviolet rays (300 mW / cm ² ) for about 30 seconds.

Next, 20 parts by weight of a polymerizable liquid crystal compound (LC242, BASF), 1 part by weight of G-241 (Hayashibara, maximum absorption wavelength: 550 nm) and 1 part by weight of a photoinitiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by Ciba) The layer composition was applied to a thickness of about 1 and irradiated with ultraviolet light (300 mW / cm ² ) for about 10 seconds to crosslink and polymerize the liquid crystal to form a dye layer.

Example  2

A polarizing element was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1 part by weight of G-207 (Hayashibara Co., Ltd., maximum absorption wavelength: 390 nm to 400 nm) was used as a dichroic dye in the preparation of the dye layer composition

Example  3

A polarizing element was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.5 part by weight of G-207 and 0.5 part by weight of G-241 were used as dichroic dyes in the preparation of the dye layer composition

Example  4

A polarizing element was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1 part by weight of BASF Yellow (BASF, the maximum absorption wavelength: 400 to 450 nm) was used as a dichroic dye in the preparation of the dye layer composition.

Example  5

A polarizing element was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.5 parts by weight of BASF Yellow and 0.5 parts by weight of G-241 were used as dichroic dyes in the preparation of the dye layer composition.

Comparative Example  One

A polarizing element of Comparative Example 1 was manufactured by the same manufacturing method as in Example 1, except that only the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer was formed without forming a dye layer.

Of the polarizing element Ts , Tp , Tc , Polarization degree, Odd rain  And CIE Color coordinates  How to measure

The To and Te values of the polarizing elements of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 were measured using a JASCO V-7100 spectrometer manufactured by Jasco. From these values, Ts (Single Transmittance) and Tp Parallel Transmittance), Tc (Crossed Transmittance), polarization degree, dichroic ratio, and CIE color coordinates were calculated. To represents the transmittance measured after arranging the absorption axes of the polarizing elements to be measured to be parallel with respect to the high polarizing efficiency prism polarizer having high polarization efficiency, Means the transmittance measured after arranging the absorption axes of the polarizing elements to be measured perpendicular to the prism polarizer. Specifically, Ts, Tp, Tc, the degree of polarization and the dichroism ratio can be calculated by the following equation.

1) Single Transmittance = (To + Te) / 2

2) Parallel Transmittance = (To ² + Te ² ) / 2

3) Crossed ransmittance = To x Te

4) Polarization degree: {(To - Te) / (To + Te)} x 100%

5) Dichroic ratio: Log ₁₀ Te / Log ₁₀ To

Of the polarizing element Ts , Tp , Tc , Polarization degree, Odd rain  And CIE Color coordinates  Measurement result

FIG. 5 shows an image of observation of transmission in a parallel state and a crossed state of a polarizing element of Comparative Example 1, and FIG. 6 shows a graph of measurement results of Ts, Tp and Tc of a polarizing element of Comparative Example 1. 5 and 6, the polarizing element of Comparative Example 1 in which the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer is applied exhibits almost uniform transmittance within a wavelength range of about 430 nm to 680 nm in the parallel state, It can be confirmed that a light leakage phenomenon occurs within a wavelength range of about 380 nm to 500 nm, resulting in coloring.

On the other hand, referring to the graphs of Tc of the polarizing elements of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 to 3 shown in FIG. 7, the polarizing elements of Examples 1 to 3, in which the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and the dye layer were applied, It can be confirmed that the light leakage phenomenon at a short wavelength is improved. Particularly, in the case of Example 3 using a dye layer using both G-207 having a maximum absorption wavelength of 390 nm to 400 nm and G-241 having a maximum absorption wavelength of 550 nm, it was confirmed that the light leakage phenomenon in the short wavelength was further improved .

8 to 11, the polarization states of the polarizing elements of Examples 2 to 5 were changed from the crossed state to the color state in the crossed state, In particular, Example 3 using G-207 and G-241 and Example 5 using BASF Yellow and G-241 were improved in Example 2 or Example 4, it can be seen that the phenomenon of color display can be improved not only in a crossed state but also in a single state.

Table 1 shows Ts, polarization degree, dichroism ratio and CIE color coordinate measurement results of Comparative Examples 1, 3 and 5 polarizing elements, and FIG. 12 shows the results of CIE color coordinate measurement of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 to 3 The result graph is shown. Referring to Table 1, the dichroic ratio tends to decrease somewhat in Examples 3 and 5, but Ts decreases and the degree of polarization increases. Also, referring to Table 1 and FIG. 12, it can be seen that the CIE color coordinate values of Examples 1 to 3 and 5 are closer to the values within the range of about 0.3 to 0.4, which indicates achromatic color characteristics, compared to Comparative Example 1 . From this, it can be seen that the polarizing element of the example shows color characteristics close to achromatic color as compared with Comparative Example 1 using only the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer.

Ts Polarization degree Odd rain CIE color coordinates Average 550 nm Average 550 nm Average 550 nm X Y Comparative Example 1
(LLC) 42.645 40.811 88.574 99.603 35.763 48.361 0.162 0.061 Example 3
(LLC + G241 / G207) 38.417 36.548 90.448 99.190 22.271 23.526 0.174 0.108 Example 5
(LLC + G-241 / BASF Yellow) 36.255 34.697 92.327 99.073 19.262 19.734 0.22 0.134

101: Liquid crystal liquid crystal layer
102: dye layer
301: substrate layer

Claims (15)

And a guest host type dye layer which is present on one side of the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and contains a dichroic dye and a polymerizable liquid crystal compound. The polarizing element according to claim 1, wherein the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer comprises a dichroic dye capable of forming a liquid-crystal liquid crystal phase, and the anisotropic dye has a refractive index anisotropy of 0.2 or more within a wavelength range of 380 nm to 700 nm. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer has an average transmittance within a wavelength range of 350 to 500 nm when the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and the polarizer are arranged such that the optical axis of the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and the absorption axis of the polarizer are perpendicular 3% or more. The polarizing element according to claim 1, wherein the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer has a dichroic ratio of 10 or more in any one of the wavelength regions of 380 nm to 700 nm. The polarizing element according to claim 1, wherein the dichroic dye exhibits a maximum absorbance within a wavelength range of 380 to 700 nm. The polarizing element according to claim 1, wherein the dichroic dye is a first dichroic dye exhibiting a maximum absorbance within a wavelength range of 380 to 500 nm. 7. The polarizing element of claim 6, wherein the guest host type dye layer further comprises a second dichroic dye exhibiting maximum absorbance within a wavelength range of 500 nm to 700 nm. The polarizing element according to claim 1, wherein the optical axis of the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer and the optical axis of the dye layer are parallel. The polarizing element according to claim 1, wherein the polarization degree of the polarizing element is 90% or more. The polarizing element according to claim 1, wherein the polarizing element has a total thickness of 1 탆 to 3 탆. The polarizing element according to claim 1, further comprising a base layer. The polarizing element according to claim 11, wherein the liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer and the dye layer are sequentially formed on one surface of the substrate layer or formed on both surfaces of the substrate layer, respectively. A method of manufacturing a polarizing element according to claim 1, wherein a liquid-crystal liquid crystal layer or a dye layer is formed by a coating method. 14. The method of manufacturing a polarizing element according to claim 13, wherein the liquid crystal liquid crystal layer and the dye layer are formed on one surface or both surfaces of the substrate sequentially or simultaneously. A display device comprising the polarizing element of claim 1.

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