KR20150039115A

KR20150039115A - Rudder for ships

Info

Publication number: KR20150039115A
Application number: KR20140132243A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 뷔렌 에. 에쓰. 판
Original assignee: 다먼 마린 테크놀로지 홀딩 비.브이.
Priority date: 2013-10-01
Filing date: 2014-10-01
Publication date: 2015-04-09
Also published as: EP2857308A2; EP2857308A3; DE202013104463U1; CN104512542A; CN104512542B

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sensor device arranged in a rudder post extending along a longitudinal axis, a rudder blade arranged in a rudder post, a rudder post or a rudder blade, and a sensor device arranged in the rudder blade for sensor supply and / And at least one line formed for guiding the fluid. According to the invention, the rudder post comprises a bore, the bore extending in the rudder post, and at least one line in the bore at least partially laid.

Description

RUDDER FOR SHIPS

The present invention relates to a marine rudder according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such rudders include rudder posts extending along the longitudinal axis, rudder blades disposed on the rudder posts, and sensor devices disposed on the rudder posts or rudder blades. At least one line is provided which is connected to the sensor device for the electric supply of the sensor device or for the transmission of the sensor signal to the evaluation unit or which is formed for fluid guidance, for example air or hydraulic oil. Thus, at least one line is used as an electrical line or a fluid line.

The rudder of the ship can be used in the form of rudder ladder, rudder post, bearing and joint in the form of the rudder lateral force, the rudder end force, and the moment of the rudder blade acting on the rudder post or rudder blade during operation, It is exposed to a large load that exerts a load. The rudder must therefore be checked at regular intervals, in particular to ensure the mechanical and structural integrity of the rudder and the availability of the rudder.

This check of the current rudder is usually carried out while the ship is in the dock and is free to access the rudder. An underwater check (so-called IW-control) is carried out by the diver when the vessel is in water, in which case only the external inspection of the rudder system is normally possible.

There is provided an apparatus for adjusting and measuring the neck bearing clearance between a rudder post of a rudder and an external bearing in a rudder disclosed in DE 20 2005 019 626 U1 which comprises an underwater check of the neck bearing clearance by the diver . To this end, a measuring rail is provided and the measuring probe of the measuring rail is inserted into the gap between the outer bearing and the inner bearing of the rudder post and rudder port.

The forces and moments acting on the rudder blades and / or the rudder posts may also be used as input variables as control variables for the auxiliary system for the control of the ship, as the case may be, It is necessary to measure the moment.

A method for predicting maneuverability of a ship and an apparatus for an auxiliary system are disclosed, for example, in DE 101 64 701 A1. These auxiliary systems are used for steering control considering the ship 's current steering performance and considering the surrounding (external) disturbance, and to use the decision support of the crew for the control of the ship.

At least one sensor disposed in the rudder blade or rudder post and receiving a measurement signal at the rudder post or rudder blade and at least one sensor disposed at the rudder blade or rudder blade for evaluating the measurement signal received by the at least one sensor, / RTI > A rudder monitoring device is disclosed that includes a computer unit connected to at least one sensor for transmission and / or transmission. The rudder monitoring device of WO 2012/098150 A1 is used for rudder monitoring in relation to the mechanical, structural integrity and availability of the rudder. By means of the device described in WO 2012/098150 A1, the rudder is steadily monitored during operation, allowing immediate feedback in the event of a malfunction on the rudder.

A rudder is required that allows the installation of sensor elements of the sensor device in a rudder post or rudder blade in a protected manner. Particularly, when the sensor elements are arranged on the rudder post or the rudder blade, there is a risk of damage to the sensor elements by the rudder manufacturer when manufacturing the rudder, delivering the rudder to the shipping company, assembling the rudder on the ship, Care should be taken to keep it small. This is especially the case, considering that the rudder posts for large ships are generally made of forged steel and have a small length (e.g. 10 m), a small diameter (e.g. 1 m) and a considerable weight. The same applies to rudder blades that can have an area of, for example, 100 m 2 in the case of large ships. The manufacture, delivery and assembly of the rudder causes damage of the sensor elements on the rudder post or the rudder blade, which can be costly if the rudder is required to be disassembled.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a marine rudder that enables the arrangement of sensor elements in a rudder blade or rudder post and the laying of lines assigned to sensor elements in a rudder post in a protected manner.

The above problem is solved by objects comprising the features of claim 1.

The rudder post thus includes a bore, which extends in the rudder post, and at least one line in the bore is at least partially laid.

The invention is based on the idea of laying a line in the rudder post for the electric supply of the sensor elements of the sensor device on the rudder post or the rudder blade, for the transmission of the sensor signals or at least partly for guiding the fluid through the bore . The bore in this case preferably extends along the rotational symmetry axis of the rudder post, preferably formed substantially cylindrically along the longitudinal axis in the rudder post, so that the bore for receiving one or more lines extends centrally within the rudder post.

The bore can in this case extend from the end of the rudder post to the sensor device, for example starting from the end of the rudder post connected to the rudder engine, so that the line extends from the end of the rudder post assigned to the rudder engine, Post or rudder blade.

In connection with the present invention, one or more lines for electrical connection of one or more sensor elements of the sensor device or for guiding fluid, for example air or hydraulic oil, are laid in the rudder post. The lines extend in the rudder post and thus are protected against the exterior, and thus the risk of damage to the line at the time of delivery and assembly, especially with the rudder blade disposed thereon, and in particular with the rudder post disposed therein, is low. In particular, the lines are not exposed to the external forces acting on the rudder during delivery and installation and during the operation of the ship, so that the forces acting on the rudder can not damage the line.

The rudder post is preferably made of steel, especially forgings. The bore is inserted into the rudder post, preferably centrally along the longitudinal axis, starting from the end of the rudder post towards the rudder engine. In this case, the bore extends far into the rudder post so that, for example, lines to the sensor device can be laid in the rudder post if the sensor device is placed in the rudder post.

The rudder post or rudder blade includes the sensor receiving device in the preferred embodiment, and the sensor receiving device includes a cover member disposed in the rudder post or rudder blade and surrounding the inner space. For example, one or more sensor elements of the sensor apparatus may be preferably arranged in the internal space of the sensor receiving apparatus, the outside of which is protected by a cover member formed of steel, so that the sensor elements are inserted into the sensor receiving apparatus, Lt; / RTI >

In this case, in order to achieve the desired insulation and protection against moisture, the inner space may be further filled with a filler, for example a gel, which has electrical insulation properties and, in some cases, It is possible to provide protection of the sensor elements.

The cover member may be formed, for example, as a tube section made of steel, for example, surrounding the rudder post. The tube section extends annularly around the rudder post and is spaced apart from the peripheral jacket surface of the rudder post in the radial direction so that an internal space is formed between the jacket surface and the tube section, .

The cover member may be secured to the peripheral jacket surface of the rudder post, for example by two spacer rings axially spaced from one another along the longitudinal axis, in which case the spacer rings Sealing members can be disposed, and the sealing members seal the transition portion between the spacer ring and the cover member against moisture. Also, since at least one sealing member in the form of a seal ring is disposed between the spacer ring and the jacket surface of the rudder post, the transition portion between the spacer ring and the jacket surface can be sealed to seal against moisture.

The spacer ring can be screwed or clamped, for example, to the rudder post. The tube section can also be threaded or clamped to the spacer ring.

When the sensor device is disposed on the rudder blade, the cover member may be formed as a cap, for example, and the cap is disposed on the outer wall of the rudder blade from the outside.

An extended bore in the rudder post is used to lay one or more lines within the rudder post. In this case, the lines may be different. For example, one or more electrical lines for connection of sensor elements and one or more fluid lines for guiding fluid, e.g., air or hydraulic fluid, may be laid in the bore. When the bore extends centrally along the longitudinal axis into the rudder post, a connecting bore may be provided which further connects the bore to the internal space of the sensor receiving device to enable the laying of one or more lines towards the internal space of the sensor receiving device have. A connecting bore may also be provided at the end of the rudder post assigned to the rudder engine and the connecting bore extends into the end face of the rudder post extending transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis, And one or more lines to a connection location for connection of the line to another device.

A line channel is formed by connecting bores extending obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis and bores extending longitudinally along the longitudinal axis in the rudder post and the lines are laid in the rudder post towards the sensor device . By dividing the line channel into various sections, i.e., the central bore and the connecting bore, the line channel can be manufactured by inserting the bore into the rudder post using the appropriate tool. The central bore and connecting bores can each be straightened in this case and can be bored into the rudder post. In summary, a line channel is formed that enables the laying of the line from the end of the rudder post toward the rudder engine towards the sensor elements on the jacket side of the rudder post.

The line channels may be inserted into the rudder post so that the lines can be laid up to the rudder blades. For example, at least one line may be laid down through the bore toward the rudder blade, in which case the connecting bore connected to the bore or bore leads into the space of the rudder blade. This allows the sensor elements of the sensor device installed in the rudder blade to be electrically connected to the evaluation unit placed on the vessel by means of a line attached through the bore. Or a fluid line, for example a hydraulic line, may be laid down towards the rudder blade. The sensor elements can in this case be arranged in a space arranged in the rudder blade, for example as a strain gauge in the support structure of the rudder blade, and the outside of the space is protected against moisture.

The sensor device includes, for example, sensor elements, which are formed as strain gages. A strain gauge is a measuring device that is formed to detect elongation and compressive deformation, and changes its electrical resistance upon a slight deformation (also called a strain gauge). Such a strain gauge may be formed, for example, as a film strip, which may be adhered to the jacket surface of the rudder post or to a suitable location of the rudder blade to accommodate deformation of the rudder post and / have. A strain of the strain gage, for example stretching or compression, causes a resistance variation, which can be detected and evaluated by an appropriate evaluation unit.

The multiple sensor elements can in this case be arranged in a staggered manner, for example in a rudder post or a rudder blade, in which case in the preferred embodiment the multiple sensor elements are connected to each other in the bridge circuit, so that the deformation of the rudder post or rudder blade Can be detected in a differential manner. If a strain gauge is placed on a rudder post or rudder blade, for example, where the bending of the rudder post or the rudder blade causes compression in one sensor element and elongation in the other element, The variation of the rudder post can be inferred with reference to the voltage fluctuation.

In a preferred embodiment, the sensor device comprises one evaluation unit and a plurality of sensor elements. The sensor elements are subdivided into two groups in this case: the first group of sensor elements is connected to the evaluation unit by a line laid through the bore and is used to absorb forces and moments on the rudder post or the rudder blade (Active sensor element). The second group of sensor elements is otherwise used as redundant sensor elements that are provided in a redundant fashion as a substitute for the first group of sensor elements. The second group of sensor elements is connected to the line laid through the bore, but not to the evaluation unit. The second group of sensor elements are thus not connected to the evaluation unit, and thus sensor signals are not provided during operation of the rudder. Preferably, in this case, each sensor element of the first group is assigned exactly one redundant sensor element in the second group, so that in the event of failure of one sensor element of the first group, And sensor signals can now be received and provided to the evaluation unit by existing redundant sensor elements. The failure of the sensor element therefore does not cause a failure of the entire sensor device. In particular, when one sensor element fails, the rudder does not have to be disassembled to replace the rudder. Rather, the line of the redundant sensor element allocated at the time of failure of one sensor element is connected to the evaluation unit, so that the redundant sensor element can be activated. This enhances the operational safety of the sensor device and makes it possible to replace the faulty sensor element with another sensor element, in particular, simply and inexpensively, without disassembling the rudder during operation of the rudder.

The force and moment applied to the rudder can be detected by the sensor device on the rudder post or the rudder blade. The forces and moments acting on the rudder blade and the rudder post can be measured during the operation of the rudder, respectively, and can be provided to the auxiliary system of the ship, for example as control variables, so that the measured forces and moments are considered for control of the ship . This can improve the automatic control system or the steering assist system and can also optimize the movement of the rudder for course maintenance or steering, which provides a considerable possibility for energy saving in operation of the ship.

The basic idea of the present invention is described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 schematically shows a rudder of a ship;
2A shows a rudder post;
Figure 2B shows a longitudinal section along the longitudinal axis of the rudder post.
FIG. 3A is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a portion A according to FIG. 2B; FIG.
FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view showing an enlarged portion B of FIG. 2B. FIG.
Figure 3C is an enlarged view of a portion C according to Figure 3B;
Figure 4 schematically shows a rudder post comprising sensor elements in the form of strain gauges arranged in a rudder post;
Figure 5 shows a circuit arrangement in the form of a bridge circuit for connection of sensor elements.
6 is a schematic illustration of active spare sensor elements disposed in a rudder post;
7 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a rudder blade disposed in a rudder post;

Fig. 1 schematically shows a rudder 1 of a ship comprising a rudder post 11 and a rudder blade 10 disposed in the rudder post 11. Fig. The rudder post 11 is pivotally supported on the hull 2 by bearings 12 and 13 and is operatively coupled to the rudder engine 14 at an end remote from the rudder blade 10. [ The rudder engine 14 is used to pivot the rudder post 11 about its longitudinal axis L during operation of the ship and thereby adjust the rudder blades 11 for control of the ship.

A propeller (20) having a propeller shaft (21) is arranged on the hull (2). The propeller 20 is used when the ship is driven in an open manner.

The rudder post 11 is made, for example, of forged steel and has a length of, for example, 10 m and a diameter of, for example, 1 m in the case of a large ship. The rudder blade 10 may have an area of, for example, 100 m 2 or more in the case of a large ship.

Figures 2A, 2B and 3A-3C illustrate an embodiment of a rudder post 11, which comprises a plurality of sensor elements, e. G. In the form of strain gauges, for measuring the deformation of the rudder post 11 in the rudder post (40, 41) are arranged. The sensor elements 40 and 41 are disposed on the peripheral jacket surface 114 of the rudder post 11 and on the exterior of the substantially cylindrical shaped rudder post 11 so that the sensor elements 40, (40, 41) are attached to, for example, the jacket surface (114).

The sensor elements 40 and 41 of the sensor device 4 are disposed in the inner space 34 of the sensor accommodation device 3 and the outside is made of a cover member 30 in the form of a cylindrical tube section made of steel Protected. The tubular cover member 30 extends around the rudder post 11 and is likewise fixed to the rudder post 11 by spacer rings 31 and 32 extending around the rudder post 11.

The spacer rings 31 and 32 made of steel, for example, are fixed to the rudder post 11 by suitable fastening means 310 and 320, for example screws, The tubular cylindrical cover member 30 having a predetermined diameter can be fixed to the rudder post 11 by compensating for the diameter variation of the tubular member 11.

The cover member 30 is secured to the spacer rings 31, 32 by suitable fastening means, for example screws. The cover member 30 surrounds the inner space 34 together with the spacer rings 31 and 32 and the jacket surface 114 so that the outside of the inner space 34 is protected and thereby the sensor elements 40 , 41 are provided in the rudder post (11).

A rudder post 11 is provided between the spacer rings 31 and 32 and the jacket surface 114 of the rudder post 11 and between the spacer rings 31 and 32 and the cover member 30 in a ring shape Sealing rings in the form of seal rings 350-355 (so-called O-ring seals) are provided, which are arranged on the one hand between the spacer rings 31, 32 and the rudder post 11 and on the other hand The moisture between the spacer rings 31 and 32 and the cover member 30 is sealed against moisture, so that the moisture can not reach the internal space 34. The sensor elements 40, 41 disposed in the inner space 34 are thereby protected against moisture.

The inner space 34 may also be filled with a filler, for example, an electrically insulating gel having water repellency.

The sensor elements 40 and 41 of the sensor device 4 are connected to the external evaluation unit 5 (see Fig. 3A) via lines 400 and 410. [ Sensor signals may be transmitted between the evaluation unit 5 and the sensor elements 40, 41 via lines 400, 410. It is also possible to supply electricity to the sensor elements 40, 41 via appropriate lines 400, 410 as the case may be.

The lines 400 and 410 are laid in the rudder post 11 through the line channel 33. The line channel 33 includes a central bore 331 inserted into the rudder post 11 along the rotational symmetry axis of the rudder post 11 corresponding to the longitudinal axis L and a connecting bore 332 extending into the central bore 331 330, and 332, respectively. The first connection bore 332 is used for the connection of the bore 331 with the inner space 34 in this case. The second connecting bore 330 is used for connecting the bore 331 to the connecting position 333 at the end 110 of the rudder post 11 towards the rudder engine 14 The ruder engine side end portion 110 is connected to the rudder engine 14 via the fixing hook 112 and the other end portion 111 is connected to the rudder blade 10). The connecting position 333 is in this case inserted into the end face 115 of the rudder post 11 in the form of a blind hole and is inserted eccentrically about the longitudinal axis L and in the center of the end face 115, (See FIG. 2A and FIG. 3A), and the fixing hook 112 is inserted into the fixing bore.

A suitable closed cap 334 may be disposed at the connecting position 333 which enables the lines 400 and 410 to be withdrawn from the connecting bore 330 and at the same time from the outside into the line channel 33 To prevent moisture penetration, the connection bore 330 and line channel 33 are sealed against moisture.

Additionally or alternatively, the connection position 333 may be provided with a connector in the form of a connection plug or connection socket, which may be used to detachably connect the evaluation unit 5 to the lines 400, And can be inserted and connected to the connector portion. The connector can be accessed upon opening of the closed cap 334 and a connection with the evaluation unit 5 can be formed.

The central bore 331 extends centrally along the longitudinal axis L in the rudder post 11 while the connecting bores 330 and 332 are tilted relative to the longitudinal axis L to form a rudder post 11 Thereby forming an eccentric connection with respect to the connecting position 333 on the one hand and to the internal space 34 of the sensor receiving device 3 on the other hand.

The central bore 331 leads into the fixed bore 113 of the fixed hook 112 at the end face 115 of the rudder post 11 as seen in Figures 2B and 3A. The bore 331 can thereby be inserted from the end face 115 along the longitudinal axis L into a rudder post 11 made of forged steel by an appropriate drilling tool. The connecting bores 330 and 332 may be alternatively bored into the rudder post 11 obliquely from the end face 115 or the jacket face 114 toward the bore 331.

The sensor elements 40, 41 are preferably formed as strain gages, which are attached on the jacket surface 114 of the rudder post 11 as film strips. The plurality of sensor elements 40,41 are then preferably offset to one another in the rudder post 11, as shown in Fig. 4, in this case being offset axially or circumferentially in this case, (Not shown). This allows the deformation, e.g., bending or twisting, of the rudder post 11 to be detected and evaluated by the sensor elements 40, 41, whereby the rudder post 11 and the rudder blade 11, with reference to the deformation of the rudder post 11, The force applied to the substrate 10 can be deduced.

Other sensor elements 42, 43 (see FIG. 5) disposed diametrically opposite to the sensor elements 40, 41, for example according to FIG. 4, may be arranged in the rudder post 11, The elements 40-43 may be connected to each other in the circuit device 4 for the implementation of the bridge circuit shown in Fig. The resistance variation in the sensor elements 40-43 formed as a strain gauge by this bridge circuit can be detected in a differential manner, and in this case, the resistance variation in the strain gauge can be detected by the voltage fluctuation between the nodes 442 and 443 of the bridge circuit , And the voltage variation can be measured and enables detection of deformation.

The arrangement and orientation of the sensor elements 40 and 41 in Fig. 4 should be understood only by way of example. The sensor elements 40,41 may be arranged differently and may be oriented. For example, the sensor elements 40, 41 formed as strain gages may be longitudinally fixed to the surface of the rudder post 11 along the longitudinal axis L of the rudder post 11, respectively.

Specifically, the nodes 441 and 444 in the circuit device 4 according to Fig. 5 are connected to the voltage source 440. Fig. Each sensor element 40-43 in the form of a strain gage is connected in a bridge arm between nodes 441, 442, 443 and 444 where a voltage measuring device 445 is connected to the central nodes 442 and 443 So that the voltage between the nodes 442 and 443 can be measured. If the rudder post 11 is unchanged and therefore the electrical resistance of the sensor elements 40-43 formed as strain gages is the same, the voltage between the nodes 442 and 443 is at least nearly zero. If one or more of the sensor elements 40-43 are deformed due to the deformation of the rudder post 11 and thus the resistance of one or more of the sensor elements 40-43 is varied the voltage fluctuations between the nodes 442 and 443 And this voltage fluctuation can be detected by the voltage measuring device 445. [

The circuit device 4 according to Fig. 5 is only an example of a preferable circuit device. The circuit arrangement 4 implements a so-called full bridge. Alternatively, so-called half-bridges may be used and other circuit arrangements for connection of one or more sensor elements 40-43 may be considered and possible.

In a specific embodiment, as a result of sensor signal detection at the sensor elements 40-43, the resistance variation is detected and measured at the individual sensor elements 40-43. The deformation of the rudder post 11 and the force acting on the rudder post 11 can be deduced from the resistance variation. Such an evaluation may be carried out, for example, by the evaluation unit 5, which may be integrated in a computer unit in the bridge of the ship and the evaluation results are displayed on an appropriate display device in the bridge.

In this regard, the voltage measuring device 445 shown in Fig. 5 is used for explanation only. Actual measurement and evaluation can be much more complex.

In this regard it may be considered to place the circuit arrangement 4 in the internal space 34 of the rudder post 11 where the voltage source 440 and the voltage measurement device 445 are also connected to the rudder post 11 Can be separately connected to the sensor elements 40-43 that are disposed in the vessel and connected to the bridge circuit through a line.

It is also possible to lay two lines through the line channel 33 for each of the sensor elements 40-43 and connect the sensor elements 40-43 to the bridge circuit outside the rudder post 11 Can be considered.

6, a plurality of sensor elements 40, 41, 40 ', 41' may be disposed in the rudder post 11 and only a subset of the sensor elements may be located on the line 400 , 410) to the evaluation unit (5). The remaining sensor elements 40 ', 41' are used as redundant sensor elements and are connected to the lines 400 ', 410' laid through the line channel 33 but not to the evaluation unit 5. The redundant sensor elements 40 ', 41' are used as a substitute for the failure of the active sensor elements 40, 41. If it is confirmed that one of the sensor elements 40 and 41 connected to the evaluation unit 5 is not operated, the redundant sensor elements 40 'and 41 'May be connected to the evaluation unit 5. The evaluation unit 5 may be connected to the evaluation unit 5 via a network.

Preferably, for this purpose, one spare sensor element 40 ', 41' is assigned to each active sensor element 40, 41, so that the sensor element 40, 41 and the redundant sensor element 40 ' 41 'detect substantially identical sensor signals, and thus the function of the sensor elements 40, 41 can be delegated by the assigned redundant sensor elements 40', 41 '.

The provision of the extra sensor elements 40 ', 41' for the connected active sensor elements 40, 41 requires replacement of the sensor elements 40, 41 in the event of failure of the sensor elements 40, And in particular does not require access to the rudder post 11, which otherwise may require disassembly of the rudder 1. If a failure occurs in the sensor elements 40 and 41, the redundant sensor elements 40 'and 41' allocated in place of the failed sensor elements 40 and 41 can be connected, It may be ready for operation again.

Figure 7 shows an embodiment of a device in which the lines are laid up to the rudder blade 10. To this end, a central bore 331 extends in the rudder post 11, which barely extends from the end face 115 at the end of the rudder post 11 away from the rudder blade 10, And the rudder blade 10 is connected to the rudder post 11 at this position. A connecting bore 332 extends from the bore 331 extending along the longitudinal axis L at the center to the space 101 of the rudder blade 10 at an angle to the longitudinal axis, Is surrounded by the outer wall 100 of the rudder blade 10, thereby being protected against the outside. For example sensor elements may be arranged in the space 101 wherein the lines are connected to the connection bore 330 of the connection bore 332 and to the bore 331 of the bore 331 for connection of the sensor elements, To the connecting position 333 on the end face 115 of the rudder post 11 through the line channel 33 of the rudder post 11.

The inner space 101 of the rudder blade 10 is connected to the inside of the ship by the line channel 33 so that the lines passing through the rudder post 11 can be laid toward the rudder blade 10. [

The basic idea of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can basically be implemented in other embodiments.

In particular, the sensor device may be arranged basically in a rudder blade, in which case it may be contemplated to place a number of sensor devices with multiple sensor elements in the rudder post and rudder blades.

The sensor device on the rudder post and / or the rudder blade is used for the measurement of the deformation of the rudder post / and / or the rudder blades and for the measurement of the forces and moments on the rudder post and / or the rudder blades. The load and moment of the rudder can be detected with reference to the measured force and moment, and in this case, the detected force and moment may be provided to the ship's auxiliary system as a control variable, so that the force and moment acting on the rudder Can be considered for control.

The at least one line embedded in the rudder post may not necessarily be formed as an electrical line, but may also be used as a fluid line for fluid guidance, for example air or hydraulic oil.

Basically, the sensor elements can be placed on rudder posts and rudder blades. The bore for the laying of one or more lines may thus be formed such that the lines are laid out towards the sensor device on the rudder post and the sensor device on the rudder blade.

A plurality of essentially longitudinally extending bores can also be inserted into the rudder post.

1 rudder
10 Rudder Blade
100 outer wall
101 space
11 rudder post
110, 111 end
112 Fixed hook
113 Fixed bore
114 jacket face
115 end face
12, 13 Bearings
14 rudder engine
2 hull
20 Propeller
21 Propeller shaft
3 sensor receiving device
30 cover member
301, 302 fixing means
31, 32 spacer ring
310, 320 fixing means
33 line channel
330 connecting bore
331 Boer
332 connecting bore
333 connection opening
334 closed cap
34 interior space
350-355 seal ring
4 sensor device
40-43, 40 ', 41' sensor elements
400, 410, 400 ', 410' line
44 circuit device
440 voltage source
441-444 node
445 Voltage measuring device
5 Evaluation Unit
L Longitudinal axis

Claims

A rudder post extending along the longitudinal axis;
A rudder blade disposed in the rudder post;
Sensor devices disposed in rudder posts or rudder blades; And
At least one line connected to the sensor device for electrical supply of the sensor device and / or for transmission of the sensor signal,
The rudder for a ship comprising:
Wherein the rudder post 11 includes a bore 331 that extends within the rudder post 11 and wherein at least one line 400, 410, 400 ', 410' To the rudder.

The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that the bore (331) extends along the longitudinal axis (L) in the rudder post (11).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein at least one line is laid from the end portion (110) of the rudder post (11) to the sensor device (4), the ruder post (11) being connected to the rudder engine (14).

The method of claim 3,
Characterized in that the bore (331) extends from the end (110) into the rudder post (11).

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Wherein the bore (331) extends along a rotational symmetry axis (L) of the rudder post (11).

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Characterized in that the rudder post (11) is made of steel.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A sensor receiving apparatus 3 is disposed in the rudder post 11 or the rudder blade 10 and the apparatus is arranged in the rudder post 11 or the rudder blade 10 to surround the inner space 34 And a cover member (30).

8. The method of claim 7,
Characterized in that at least one sensor element (40-43) of the sensor device (4) is arranged in the internal space (34).

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8,
And the internal space (34) is filled with a filler.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9,
Characterized in that the cover member (30) is formed as a tube section surrounding the rudder post (11).

11. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 10,
The cover member 30 is fixed to the peripheral jacket surface 114 of the rudder post 11 by two spacer rings 31 and 32 spaced from one another in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis L Features rudder.

12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11,
Wherein the bore (331) is connected to the internal space (34) through a first connection bore (332) extending obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis (L).

13. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 12,
The bore 331 extends through the second connection bore 330 extending obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis L so that the end of the rudder post 11 extending transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis L Is connected to a connecting position (333) on the side (115).

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
The at least one line 400, 410, 400 ', 410' is attached to the rudder blade 10 through the bore 331 and is connected to the bore 331 or the bore 331, (332) passes into the space (101) of the rudder blade (10).

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
Characterized in that the sensor device (4) comprises at least one sensor element (40-43) formed as a strain gauge.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15,
Wherein a plurality of sensor elements (40-43) of the sensor device (4) are connected to one another in a bridge circuit (44).

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16,
The sensor device (4) comprises an evaluation unit (5)
The sensor device (4)
A first group of sensor elements (40, 41) connected to lines (400, 410) laid through said bore (331) and connected to said evaluation unit (5) via said lines (400, 410); And
41 of the sensor elements 40, 41 connected to the lines 400 ', 410' laid through the bore 331 but not connected to the evaluation unit 5,
And a rudder.

18. The method of claim 17,
The second group of sensor elements 400 ', 410' implement the extra sensor elements and the second group of one redundant sensor elements 400 ', 400' 410 ') are assigned to the rudder.