KR20150029970A - The development of the process as a improved HTC technology for energy-saving through a dewatering process and that the combination of devices - Google Patents

Abstract

       The present invention relates to an improvement of energy efficiency and economical efficiency for the dissemination of technology in the existing coalification process technology (HTC process technology) for producing bio-coal, which is a solid fuel, As an improved process technology, it has been proposed to provide a dehydration process to easily remove moisture from existing coalification technology (HTC process technology) by converting water with relatively high energy consumption into desalination water through coalification process A series of dewatering devices for performing a dewatering process, or a combination of devices for building a dewatering system.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a process for the improvement of coal-making technology for energy saving by introducing a dehydration process, and a combination of the process and the device. [0003] The HTC technology for energy-

The present invention relates to a renewable energy production method and apparatus for recycling organic wastes as solid fuel energy resources.

[1] Bergius process, Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia

[Literature 2] Friedrich Bergius. Chemical reactions under high pressure, Nobel Lecture, May 21, 1932 (see P 262)

[Reference 3] Noh Hong-cheol (Dongwoo Precision Co., Ltd.), Yeonbong (E-IT Co., Ltd.) and other participating researchers, Technological development of coal fueling process of biomass using mid-temperature pressurization technology, Technology development support project of small and medium enterprises Report (sponsored by Small and Medium Business Administration), 2010.12-2011.11

[Patent Document 4] KP Patent Registration No. 10-1205962, Synthesis method of synthetic coal using high moisture content organic waste, method of producing synthesis gas, apparatus for producing synthetic coal, and apparatus for producing synthesis gas, 2012.11.22.

[Patent Literature 5] KP Patent Application No. 10-2011-0076797, Production Process of Solid Fuel Coalification Using Organic Waste, Aug. 2, 2012.

[Patent Literature 6] KP Patent Application No. 10-2012-0049618, Apparatus for producing snow removers with food waste and method thereof, 2012.05.10.

The present invention relates to an improvement technique of HTC technology, which is a prior art technology for producing bio-coal, which is a solid fuel, And a dewatering apparatus to which the dewatering apparatus is introduced.

Waste water sludge, food waste, waste water (food wastes processing wastewater), livestock manure, digestion process waste (residual after extraction of biogas), etc. are also included in the high water content organic wastes. In addition, Such as the wastes generated in the fermented liquor production process such as rice wine, rice wine, bean curd of tofu factories, citrus peel of citrus juice plant, red bean crust of food factory, mung bean bark, etc. are continuously generated, This is a trend of technological development for utilizing energy resources more actively than process technology.

In particular, the government recently decided to prohibit marine dumping in 2012, 2013 and 2014 for organic wastes with high water content, which had been dependent on marine dumping. Waste water, sewage sludge; Waste water sludge; And so on.

Such high-moisture organic wastes are generally easily corroded in hot and humid summer, causing bad smell and causing complaints, and the health of residents may be threatened by breeding of flies and rats. The generated leachate may contaminate public water or ground water It can become a secondary environmental pollutant source.

However, such high-moisture organic wastes can be recycled in various ways such as feed conversion, composting, liquefaction, and energy conversion through suitable treatment methods. However, in order to secure natural energy resources and to develop natural energy resource discovery technologies in preparation for depletion of reserves, Or the development of alternative energy fueling technology to replace natural energy resources. Due to the limited technological trends, supply of energy to the energy demand is limited, and energy recycling technology with added value is attracting attention. Fuel production technology for high value-added energy is attracting attention.

Production technologies that convert high-moisture organic wastes into energy-fuels include various types of technologies such as biogas production technology, coalification technology, incineration technology, drying technology, carbonization technology, pelletization technology to add additives, biodiesel technology, have.

Of these, pelletization technology, which is a technology dependent on additives, is difficult to popularize because of the disadvantages of complaints caused by odor generation, economical problems due to low calorific value, and high equipment costs.

Typical technologies that can be commercialized now include biogas, incineration and drying. Commercialized technologies include incineration and drying. However, it is necessary to minimize the water content through the pretreatment process, There is a disadvantage due to equipment required for the process and high energy consumption, and in case of incineration, waste heat generated by burning the dried raw material can be obtained.

However, although biogas technology does not require a pretreatment process to reduce the moisture content, it has low economic efficiency due to low return of methane gas, requires disposal of waste wastes, and due to the nature of biogas technology, And low temperature of winter, it has a disadvantage of consuming high external heating energy in order to raise the temperature of the digester, and the produced biogas is expensive to be used for gas piping in a wide area There are regional limitations that apply to certain areas in consideration of economic efficiency.

In addition, current incineration and drying technology, which is currently being used, is a costly burden for payment of royalties because it is an overseas technology, and even if a device is introduced, operation efficiency is low due to the lack of know-how for operation of the device.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing bio-coal, which is a solid fuel in high-moisture organic wastes, by using the prior art HTC process technology, The dehydration process technology to remove moisture by converting high amount of moisture of organic wastes due to structurally bound water form into desorbed water which is easy to separate into coal process (HTC process) And to provide dewatering process technology to the existing process technology of coalification.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing bio-coal, which is a solid fuel in high-moisture organic wastes, by using the prior art HTC process technology in order to improve the energy efficiency and economical efficiency, Despite the fact that the structurally bound water differs according to the nature of the raw material, the high water content of the organic waste is desorbed by the HTC process which is the core process. The purpose of this study is to provide a dehydration process technology to remove water by switching to the whole process technology of coalification considering the difference according to raw material properties.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of producing bio-coal, which is a solid fuel in high-moisture organic wastes, in order to improve the energy efficiency and economical efficiency of the prior art HTC process technology The present invention is to prove the dehydration effect of the solid-liquid separation process technique for dehydration or the dehydration process technique by displaying the moisture amount by each process step using the embodiment.

The other object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing bio-coal, which is a solid fuel for each raw material, such as food waste, sewage sludge, etc., And to provide devices for dehydration to remove water introduced for improving energy efficiency and economic efficiency of HTC process technology.

 Composition and feature of invention

In the present invention, a process for energy reduction and improvement of energy efficiency and economical efficiency for popularization and activation of coalification technology (HTC technology) for producing high value-added recycled coal as a solid fuel from organic wastes with high water content, The technology is further included in the existing coal process technology (HTC process technology)

In particular, in the process of chemical conversion of raw materials under high-temperature and high-pressure reaction conditions using an external heat source as an energy-saving process technology, moisture (H) which causes energy loss due to heat of vaporization without contributing to the production amount of recycled coal ₂ < / RTI > O)

For this purpose, a high-temperature, high-pressure reaction is carried out under anaerobic conditions to convert into a desorbed water form which is easily separated from a high content of moisture in the form of structurally bound water, (HTC process), wherein the HTC < RTI ID = 0.0 > process &

The high content of water (H ₂ O) converted to desorbed water is easily removed by the dehydration process, thereby significantly reducing the amount of energy consumed in the drying process associated with the produced bio-coal It is characterized by improving the energy efficiency of the entire process technology and increasing the economic efficiency.

That is, the present invention aims to produce recycled coal from high moisture content organic wastes by using recycled technology in which an existing coalification process technology (HTC process technology) simply produces high value solid fuel as an improved coalification process technology, The HTC process technology includes a dehydration process in consideration of the production of high value solid fuel, the efficiency of production and emotional energy, and the economic efficiency through the improvement.

The present invention is also directed to a dewatering system that can be implemented in the existing coalification process technology. The dewatering system comprises a single dewatering device or a dewatering system that combines multiple single dewatering devices do.

The coalification technology (aka HTC technology) applied in the present invention is a biotechnology based on a middle-temperature pressurization system, which is a national project from December 2010 to November 2011 (project name) (Raw sewage sludge, food waste, liquor waste, livestock manure, fire extinguishing liquid, etc.) as a source technology developed through the 'development of coal fueling process technology of mass' (Document 3) (Limited to a single type of sewage sludge in the case of drying technology), or a mixed raw material form as a raw material, and produces high-value-added bio-coal. HTC technology We have demonstrated differences in the utilization of HTC technology by producing renewable coal (bio-coal) from renewable raw materials, Green biomass; Another technical difference is the difference in the operating elements of the HTC technology by using catalysts in mixed media.

However, the difference between using the mixed catalyst utilized in the present invention and German technology is that the process temperature is lowered; Shortening the holding retention time (HRT); Thereby reducing energy consumption; Achieve miniaturization of the device; Such as reducing land use and cost with small facilities; It has various advantages.

The HTC technology (also known as the technology of hydrothermal carbonization) introduced in the present invention is a technology that can be replaced by a process technology developed by German chemist Friedrich Bergius [Literature 1] in 1913, namely Green biomass It has been proven by using high-temperature and high-pressure process technology as a technology to produce alternative fuel, bio-coal. In recognition of its contribution to the development of alternative energy source production technology, it was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1931, (So-called syngas) extraction technology capable of extracting coal gas from coal gas.

However, Friedrich Bergius cooperated to supply the fuel of the Nazi Army of Germany in the Second World War by extracting the artificial oil from the tar by producing tar from coal based on the HTC technology. When he was referred to war as a Nazi military aide, he was exiled to Argentina and died there. HTC technology was then deprecated as a weapons technology for the invention of technology, and large amounts of oil were found And lost interest in the world.

Since then, the price of petroleum as a fossil fuel has risen sharply due to the global oil shock that began in 1970, and research and development of alternative fuels began. Especially, the demand for petroleum increased sharply after 2000 and the amount of fossil fuel Due to the sudden price increase accompanying the increase in interest in alternative fuels, the world is competing in the development of technology to produce alternative fuels.

In particular, the technical characteristics of the HTC technology of the present invention are solid fuels in the concept of a simple treatment technology for removing organic wastes as raw materials, and a recycling technology for producing bio-coal which is a high value energy resource And the bio-coal produced has high utility as a fuel with a high calorific value, and it is advantageous in that it does not have to pay royalties overseas due to the original technology developed in Korea.

The physical properties of the high water content organic wastes used as the raw materials are the moisture which is high in the water content and is a type of structurally bound water which is consumed in the heating process and consumes a large amount of calories and is difficult to be separated by the mechanical pre- Although dewatering is difficult, the produced recycled coal has a high self-sufficiency rate due to high calorific value when it is converted into its own fuel.

Although organic wastes must be disposed of, it is economically disadvantageous because the high water content increases the amount of energy consumed or consumed in the treatment and emotion.

Therefore, the improved coalification technology (HTC technology) of the present invention can be applied to coalification technology (HTC) for producing high value-added recycled coal as a raw material from high moisture content organic wastes in consideration of economical factors for popularization, In order to promote the popularization and activation of the technology, the dewatering process technology, which can reduce the water content of the organic waste, is introduced. The HTC process, which converts desorbed water to structurally bound water (H ₂ O), which is difficult to separate by physical pretreatment process, can be dehydrated It has been applied previously, and through this, it is possible to reduce the high moisture content of organic waste by the conventional coalification process, Written by introducing a dehydration process after a new ring so as to easily remove the water, that is characterized by introducing a new dewatering process for moisture reduction in conventional coalification process technology.

Further, the present invention relates to a configuration of devices for enabling the dehydration process technology to be implemented in the existing coalification process technology to be implemented, and is composed of a single dehydration device or a dehydration system that combines several single dehydration devices .

The HTC process technology described in the present invention is a prior art and patent registration No. 10-1205962 discloses a HTC process technology for producing recycled coal from organic wastes. The process is described by subdividing the process into thermal hydrolysis and the coalification (carbonization) through a polymerization and condensation, while simultaneously describing devices capable of carrying out this process [Document 4]; Patent Application No. 10-2011-0076797 describes in detail the HTC process technology for producing recycled coal from organic waste [5]; In Patent Application No. 10-2012-0049618, waste heat generated from HTC process technology is used to produce a snow remover from organic wastes as a raw material of food waste or saline contained in waste water, and residual heat Can be produced as recycled coal by the HTC process technology [Literature 6]; Since coalification process technology for producing recycled coal using high moisture content organic waste as raw material is repeatedly described in the prior patent description, Duplicate technical principles and theories are not mentioned separately.

However, in the detailed description of the present invention, some processes are removed from the existing coalification process technology (prior art) as a method for improving the energy efficiency and economical efficiency of the all process of the HTC technology Or improve the combination of devices for implementing it, and will fully explain the differences in some of these improved process technologies and devices for performing them.

In the present invention, the difference of the HTC process technology according to the kind of the organic waste as the raw material will be explained by way of examples.

The present invention relates to a sludge and food garbage among high-moisture organic wastes, and a coalification technology (HTC), which is a solid fuel recycling technology for improving energy efficiency and improving economical efficiency and producing high- technology in the world.

In particular, the introduction of a dewatering process for moisture removal to an existing coal process technology (HTC process technology) will be described and a dewatering device for performing the dewatering process will be described in detail.

As a general example, in the case of high water content organic wastes, in the example of wastewater sludge composed of bacterial cells for water purification contributing to the purification of water, most of the water content is formed by the cell fluid surrounded by the cell membrane, so that the dehydration by mechanical force is limited; Examples of food waste (livestock manure, similar digestive waste), carbohydrates constituting food waste, fats such as celluloses that constitute the main carbohydrate or vegetable in our diet, such as fat and protein (C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ ) n structure contains a large amount of water (4H ₂ O to 6H ₂ O) in the molecular structure and forms a sponge-like structure in the form of a structure, so that it is simple to remove the moisture contained in the pores formed between the structures There is a disadvantage in that the efficiency is very limited due to the mechanical force dependent dehydration method; The above-mentioned cell fluids and fibrous fluids are referred to as structurally bound water forms which are difficult to separate.

When such high-moisture sludge or food waste is simply burned or dried, energy consumption is increased at a high moisture content, resulting in a significant reduction in energy efficiency. As a result, there is a problem in that the economic efficiency is low.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a process for the conversion of recycled coal and tannery by applying the principle of the HTC process technology of high water content organic wastes coalification process technology due to structurally bound water which is difficult to separate Equation 1), and to introduce dehydration process to the entire process of coalification for water removal to improve energy efficiency and economic efficiency.

In this case, in the case of sewage sludge, the cell wall is destroyed by the characteristics of the heating and pressurizing processes, so that the cell liquid, which is the cause of moisture content, can be removed by desalination; In the case of food waste, thermal hydrolsis, which is a characteristic of the coalification process, disintegrates and removes the watery structure in the structure of the fibrous structure, which is in the form of corpuscle, in the form of corpuscle, and removes it by talli water. The solids are produced as bio-coal and talli water by using the principle of coalification process technology (formula 1), which produces biocall as an alternative fuel, and then the water (talli water) is removed by the dehydration process.

In the case of other waste water wastewater and digested waste water, very high water content, that is, concentration of solids is very low, and since it is not colloidal in solid-liquid separation by gravity method, it is necessary to chemically treat the coagulant for inevitable treatment In this case, the solid-liquid separated solid matter containing chemical agent such as coagulant to be added is a fermentation process for composting recycling. Due to the polymer substance of coagulant, which is a decomposable chemical ingredient, composting quality is deteriorated and it is difficult to obtain the use of poor compost. High value-added recycling is enabled by producing coal-fired recycled coal (bio-coal) by applying coalification process technology that recycles solids containing chemical agent as energy fuel; As mentioned above, the water content of the high moisture content organic wastes due to the structurally bound water contained in the raw material state can be easily separated and removed by applying the HTC process To reduce the total energy required to produce water as an energy fuel by easily reducing water content in the dehydration process.

The principle of HTC process technology (the technology of hydrothermal carbonization process) referred to in the present invention is that a high moisture content organic waste or dried organic material such as sawdust, rice straw and moisture is put into a pressure vessel, When high-temperature and high-pressure are maintained, organic components such as cellulose, lignin and other fibrous components such as sawdust and rice straw are chemically converted into bio-coal, moisture, and enthalpy change (HTC) technology that produces biomass (cellulosic, C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ ) as a raw material and produces bio-coal is represented by the following formula (1):

That is, Equation (1) [Chem. 2] chemically solves the coalification (HTC) technology for producing alternative fuel (Bio-coal), which is a solid fuel from a biomass that can be replaced, (C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ ) was introduced into the process of thermal hydrolysis, which is an existing coalification (HTC) technology, ) And coalification (condensation) through which the chemical conversion to desorbed water is carried out (coalification (carbonization) and condensation), and at the same time, ; Bio-coal and talli water (4H ₂ O), which are alternative fuels, and this process represents an endothermic reaction (E) that proceeds by the absorption of heat by the coalification reaction system, the enthalpy of the coal is higher than that of the reactant (cellulosic). Therefore, the utilization of the enthalpy of the coal is high as an energy resource. In the present invention, the raw material reactant is dissolved by the process of thermal hydrolysis The phenomenon is accompanied by an intermediate process.

Therefore, the calorific value of the recycled coal (Bio-coal) produced by the coalification (HTC) technology can be higher than that of the raw material high-moisture content organic waste.

The coalification (HTC) technique applied in the present invention has already been described in detail in the prior art as described above in Patent Registration No. 10-1205962, Patent Application No. 10-2011-0073797, Patent Application No. 10-2012-0049618, etc. The repetition technique is avoided, but the contents newly introduced in the present invention are focused and described in detail.

 The present invention also provides an improved coalification (HTC) process technology that improves energy economics by reducing the total energy consumption of the process while recycling high-moisture organic wastes as solid fuel by coalification (HTC) process technology, .

The improved HTC technology, which reduces the total energy consumption introduced in the present invention, is a structural bonding agent which is difficult to phase-separate by the mechanical pretreatment operation contained in the high-moisture content organic waste in the formula (1) (structurally bound water) is converted to desorbed water in the HTC process and the water content is easily lowered by using a dehydrator.

In this case, the energy amount required in the coalification process of the food waste, which is the first object, is reduced by the pulverization process of the homogenization process in the pretreatment process of the raw material, and the solid matter separated by the solid- The present invention relates to a dewatering process technique for reducing the amount of energy required for the entire process of coalification by minimizing the moisture content by introducing a dewatering device after chemical conversion with talli water and a combination of dewatering devices introduced at that time.

In addition, the second object, fuel recycling technology of wastewater sludge, can reduce the use of total energy through coalification process. This is because the cell wall is heated and pressurized by coalification (HTC) Thereafter, the generated recycled coal (Bio-coal) and the desorbed water are passed through a dehydrator to easily remove the desorbed water, thereby reducing energy input during the drying process in order to use the produced recycled coal as a solid fuel As a result, the total amount of energy required for the entire coalification process for recycling as recycled coal, which is a solid fuel, can be reduced.

That is, according to the present invention, in order to reduce the amount of energy required in the entire coalification process for recycling wastewater sludge as recycled coal, which is a solid fuel, the sludge is chemically converted into coal and tall water And a dewatering process technique for reducing the amount of energy required for the entire process of coalification by minimizing the moisture content by introducing a dewatering device and a combination of dewatering devices introduced at that time.

That is, in the present invention, as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the dehydration process technology and the dehydration process for reducing the total amount of energy required for the entire coalification process for recycling high-moisture organic wastes as recycled coal, The combination of dewatering devices to demonstrate the technology depends on the nature of the feedstock being introduced.

The difference between the first and second diagrams is that in the first figure applied to the food waste, the leachate generated in the crushing process for homogenizing the raw material in the form of water mixed with the food waste is reduced by the solid-liquid separation process, The separated solids are fibrous and are still pretreated with high water content due to the cavernous structure. They are chemically converted into recycled coal and talli water through coalification technology, and then introduced a dehydration device to reduce moisture content Processes are introduced; In Fig. 2, in the bacterial cells of 2 μm or less in size, which are applied to wastewater sludge formed from bacterial cells generated in the water treatment process, the water content is made up of the cell fluid surrounded by the cell membrane. In order to reduce the water content, (HTC) technology, which has high-temperature and high-pressure process characteristics, is used to dissolve cell walls to atomize the cells using a principle of the thermal hydrolysis process (A carbonation process through a polymerization and condensation), which is followed by a chemical conversion process using recycled coal and talli water, and then a dehydrator is introduced desorbed water to reduce water content; And other processes to reduce the moisture content.

 In particular, the solidification, solidification, and carbonization technologies such as the coalification process, which are solidification, incineration and carbonization technologies, are technically common in terms of supplying energy from the outside in order to process raw materials of high moisture content organic wastes. Since the energy consumption is an important factor to judge and evaluate, in order to prevent energy consumption due to heat of vaporization from moisture in the heating process, the dehydration process technique which lowers the water content results in improving the economical efficiency.

Generally, the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 degree is 1 cal / g, but the amount of energy consumed by the heat of vaporization required for phase change from 100 ° C to 100 ° C water vapor is very high at 539 cal per 1 g of water.

This is because the amount of energy required to operate the dewatering device is much less than the amount of energy required to dry the moisture without dehydrating it, and as described above, the amount of energy lost to the vaporization heat as moisture is phase- It is about 2.7 times higher than the amount of heat consumed to raise it.

Therefore, due to the nature of the coalification technology, the water contained in the desalination water is separated with desalination water in the form of desalted water together with recycled coal. Therefore, before the coal is fed into the drying process for producing the solid fuel after the coalification process By removing the desorption water, the amount of energy consumed by the heat of evaporation which is vaporized in the drying step can be reduced, thereby improving the economical efficiency.

In the present invention, FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a process flow for introduction of a dewatering process for improving economy through energy saving in the technology of HTC process for producing food waste from coal as solid fuel ; The raw materials used here are food waste collected in spring and summer from four restaurants in the vicinity of Hajeong-myeon, Kimpo City, and the values applied are average values.

In Figure 1, ① high-moisture content food waste and food supplement materials can be used as raw materials, and in the municipalities, the existing food waste (waste) intermediate treatment or final disposal business becomes the main supplier and becomes the raw material supplier of the coalification process .

Generally, the solid content concentration of food wastes with high moisture content is about 5 ~ 10%, and in summer, it is relatively high in water content due to the high rate of degradation of solids by bacteria and the like, and it is a food waste with a lot of winter season or fiber, The concentration of solids is relatively high.

In this case, appropriate equipment or equipment may be added to separate the foreign substances contained in the food waste. For example, a bottle cap made of iron is separated by a magnet, a non-ferrous metal is separated using a metal detector, Clogs such as vinyl and wood are separated into automated processes by passing the separation of the material by the specific gravity difference by suitable wind power to the Cyclone plant.

However, if the separated material is organic waste such as virgin vinyl or wood, it can be used as a raw material for the coalification process technology.

However, the process for the separation of foreign substances may be carried out by using a mechanical sorting system with a mechanical sorting system equipped with an automatic sorting machine using a machine, or by using a mechanical sorting system with a minimum amount, or by using a mechanical sorting system By applying the extraction separation method, it can contribute to job creation.

(2) The homogenizing process is a process for crushing the food wastes charged by using the crusher to a predetermined particle size. The purpose of homogenizing the food wastes is to homogenize the raw food waste by crushing or crushing the lumpy food waste. For example, It should be possible to crush and crush including the developed food garbage crusher-dedicated device (Patent Registration No. 10-1029980), and it is supplied from the market and is not limited to a specific device.

② A certain amount of leachate may be generated during operation of the crusher, and the leachate generated here is discharged after purified water treatment using the wastewater treatment facility or currently operating sewage treatment facility through solid-liquid separation process.

The pulverized product having a uniform size can be reduced in water content by about 80% to 85% by removing the moisture by about 10% through the solid-liquid separation process, and by about 10% in the phase separation process by the solid- The water to be removed is treated with the wastewater treatment facility or the currently operating sewage treatment facility together with the process wastewater generated in the entire process of coalification to the effluent water ③-1 and then discharged.

  ④ The pulverized water pretreatment process is a process of injecting the solidification material that is phase separated in the solid-liquid separation process into the catalyst necessary for the coalification process, and is used as the raw material of the coalification process after the pulverized material pretreatment process.

The pulverized material mixed with the catalyst is transferred to a coalification reactor through a transfer device, and the transfer device to be introduced is a dedicated transfer device such as a screw transfer device, a mono pump, or an extruder.

The leachate is removed and the solid material ground to a predetermined size is used as a raw material in the coalification process. The pretreatment process required for the coalification process is a catalyst (the type of the catalyst is described in detail in Application No. 10-2011-0076797, (4) The pretreated pulverized material is added to the coalification reactor (furnace) for producing coal as a raw material after the catalyst necessary for the coalification process is added, and the coal is fed into the coalification (HTC) The reactor is pressurized by heating under anaerobic conditions.

In this case, the coalification reaction tank is indirectly heated by external heating, the outer wall temperature of the coalification (HTC) reaction tank is suitably about 200 to 520 ° C., the internal temperature of the coalification reaction tank is controlled using the pressure resistance temperature sensor The pressure is controlled by the heat-resistant pressure sensor, and it is adjusted to 120 ~ 420 ℃ and 1.0 ~ 5.0MPa, respectively.

It is possible to select various forms such as electric heating method, gas burning method, oil burning method, or coal burning method by heating the outer wall of the coalification reaction tank. In case of coal burning method, Can be used to supply the required external heat source, self-sufficiency can be achieved for the external heat source.

⑤ After completion of the coalification process, coal-fired reactors with high temperature and high pressure are mixed together with high-pressure steam, bio-coal and residual by-products.

⑥ Wet coal storage tank is a container for containing recycled coal and residual by-products generated in the coalification tank. The high-pressure steam generated in the coalification tank is pumped by a gas collecting device (not shown) After decompressing under pressure, the valve connected to the wet storage tank is opened and closed to transfer the products produced by the coalification technology and stored in the wet coal storage tank.

Here, the transfer of the byproduct including the wet coal is a liquid form which can flow on its own based on a large amount of desorption, so use a natural submerged method or a pump.

⑤ The high pressure steam generated in the coalification reactor is reduced by about 10% in the process of decompression treatment in the gas collecting device.

The recycling of the waste heat in the entire coalification process technology of the present invention is as follows: (5) A heated ⑤-1 high-pressure steam is fed to the wet coal storage tank, The waste heat of the coal gasifier can be recycled through the heat exchanger installed in the gas collecting device to preheat the raw material to be fed into the coalification reactor, and (8) the VOCS contained in the high- tar component is separated from water and used as a combustion auxiliary material such as a gaseous fuel or a liquid fuel in a combustion chamber and can be used together with oxygen as well as coal as a main fuel when a combustion facility such as a coal combustion method is used as an external heat source, 1 The waste heat of the high-temperature steam is passed through a heat exchanger installed in a separation tank (not shown) for separating water and tar from the condensate, The final dry heat source of recycled or molding process to preheat the raw materials to be introduced coal product can be recycled.

Since wet coal and by-products produced by coalification technology contain a large amount of desalination water (see Equation 1), no separate transfer device is required to transfer from the coalification reactor to the ⑥ wet coal repository.

In the present invention, the main processes requiring an external heat source are (5) coalification process and (8) coal drying process, and the ability to separate moisture contained in the raw material, which is characteristic of the coalification process described in the above formula (1) ⑦ Lowering the water content by introducing dehydrator generated from the coalification process ⑦ Dehydration process requires external heat source ⑧ Decreasing the energy consumed by drying heat in the coal drying process, Reduce the total amount of energy.

⑤ Wet coal and desolvation water produced in the coalification process is dehydrated by using dehydration process. The moisture content is decreased by 55 ~ 35% and 17 ~ 42% by moisture reduction.

⑦ Appropriate dewatering system is needed for dewatering process. In this case, filter press type with dewatering filter, continuous type of screw press type or hydraulic press type filter can be selected as the device that can be put into dewatering process. Any other type of dewatering device can be applied.

Among the applicable dewatering systems, the filter press apparatus is a device for dehydrating water by adding wet coal and desorption water produced by coalification process to the filter chamber composed of filter cloth, closing the inlet of the filter cloth and applying pressure to the filter cloth. It is possible to purchase, it has good dehydration efficiency and low solids concentration of desalination liquid. However, it has disadvantages such as non-continuous operation process including injection process, compression process and discharge process, requires labor input, There are disadvantages; The screw press apparatus is a device capable of a continuous process comprising a screw and a drain filter as disclosed in the prior art patents No. 10-0912781 and No. 10-0962717 developed by the Company. The screw press apparatus has a high dewatering efficiency, However, when the dewatering pressure is increased, the concentration of the particulate matter in the desorbing liquid increases and the power consumption is increased in order to increase the dewatering efficiency; Hydraulic press filter is a device which is already known in the market and is well known as oiling machine. It is composed of a hydraulic part consisting of a hydraulic pump and a piston and a work part composed of a filter bag for filter. It is not operated continuously and its productivity is low due to low operation speed. Although it has a disadvantage of high cost, it has an advantage of high dewatering efficiency because it exhibits uniform working efficiency over a wide working area because the force is dispersed evenly. The dewatering devices mentioned above can be selected according to the site conditions or environmental conditions to be applied; All of these devices can be introduced for the purpose of increasing the energy efficiency of the entire coalification process by lowering the water content of the wet coal.

These dewatering devices can be selected based on a comprehensive review of desired dehydration efficiency, allowance of installation space, initial investment cost, and interconnection process, and the water content of the dewatered solid is 55 ~ 35% It is.

The ⑧-1 desalination fluid generated in the dehydration process can be purified by the wastewater treatment facility or the sewage treatment facility and then discharged or recycled to the domestic waters through the recycling water treatment process.

(8) The coal drying process is carried out in an open / close circuit (open / closed) drying furnace, and the outer wall temperature of the drying furnace is heated to about 180 to 420 ° C. When the inside temperature is raised by the direct heating method or indirect heating method, The moisture contained in the water becomes steam, and the water vapor becomes high density as the temperature rises. Therefore, internal pressure is naturally formed in the drying furnace as a result of the temperature rise, and the generated steam is pushed out to the outside by the internal pressure formed. The exhaust structure that escapes to the outside is formed and the coal is dried.

⑧-1 Condensate water or tar-free condensate water should be purified and discharged in wastewater treatment facility or sewage treatment facility.

Coal dried at a moisture content of about 30% is processed through a molding process, a pellet type, a briquet type, a briquette type, and a compression process using a mechanical force such as a press. The complete combustion can be achieved and the combustion time can be prolonged.

At this time, the coal product that has undergone ⑨ molding and processing can reduce the moisture content to below 10% by recycling waste heat of ⑧-1 high-temperature steam generated in ⑧ drying process.

In particular, the molding process can be performed only by adding water or a liquid additive equivalent to about 10 to 30% of the weight of the building in the case of 100% completely dried coal.

⑩ Once dried, the water content of the productized coal should be less than 10%.

In the present invention, FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a process flow chart for introduction of a dewatering process for improving economy through energy saving in the coalification process technology of sludge producing coal sludge from sewage sludge.

As a raw material for coalification technology, all organic wastes such as raw sludge, return sludge, excess sludge or sludge cake generated in the sewage treatment process can be targeted. However, in this case, the water content is about 80 ~ 85% The sludge cake with sludge that has undergone gravity separation has been subjected to a dehydration process by a belt press facility or the like with a coagulant added thereto and thus generated in a sewage treatment plant of Kimpo City and Uijeongbu City in Gyeonggi Province, which generally has a water content of about 80%.

Sewage sludge, which is the raw material of coalification technology, is stored in s2 sludge binder which is installed underground by a transfer device or a transfer vehicle.

Before transferring the sludge from the sludge blanket to the coalification reactor using the transfer device, the catalyst is injected in the sludge pretreatment process to be evenly distributed to the sludge.

As a device for conveying sewage sludge having a high viscosity, a screw type transfer device, or a dedicated device such as a mono pump or extruder may be applied.

s) The pre-treated sewage sludge put into the coalification reactor is heated and pressurized in the coalification reactor constituting the closed circuit under anoxic condition, and when the aging process is progressed for a certain time, it is produced as coal, and this coal production reaction is called coalification process .

s After the coalification process is completed, the coalification reactor with high temperature and high pressure is mixed with the high-pressure steam, the bio-coal, and residual by-products.

In this case, s) the coalification reactor is indirectly heated by the external heating method, the outer wall temperature of the HTC reactor is about 200 ~ 520 ° C, and the internal temperature of the coalification reactor is controlled by using the pressure- And the pressure is controlled through the heat-resistant pressure sensor. The pressure is set in the range of 120 to 420 ° C and 1.0 to 5.0 MPa, respectively.

However, even though the sensors of the heating process and the pressurization process are shut off by the normal reaction, the temperature rises continuously and the risk of explosion due to the pressure rise is inherent. Therefore, It is desirable to make safety thoroughly through.

The outer wall of the coalification reactor is heated, and various forms such as an electric system, a gas combustion system, a petroleum combustion system or a coal combustion system can be selected. In the case of the coal combustion system, the coal produced by the self- If it is possible to cover the required external heat source, self-sufficiency of the external heat source can be achieved.

s After the coalification process is completed, the coalification reactor with high temperature and high pressure is mixed with the high-pressure steam, the bio-coal, and residual by-products.

(5) Wet coal storage tank is a vessel for containing recycled coal and residual by-products. The high-pressure steam in the coalification reactor is decompressed to a pressure of less than 0.5 MPa by using a gas collector (not shown) The valves connected to the storage tank are opened and closed to transfer the products produced by the coalification technology to the storage tank in the wet coal storage tank.

(4) Moisture is reduced by about 10% during the decompression process of the high pressure steam generated in the coalification reaction tank by the gas collecting device.

In order to transfer the wet coal to the drying process under the heating and pressurizing conditions of the coalification process, the waste heat of the heated s-7-1 high-temperature steam is preheated through the heat exchanger installed in the gas collecting device The sludge in the s-1 high-temperature steam generated in the coal drying process and the tar component contained in the condensed water are separated from the water and used as a combustion auxiliary material such as gas fuel or liquid fuel in the combustion chamber, When using a combustion system such as a combustion system, it can be used together with oxygen as a main fuel.

Since wet coal and by-products produced by coalification technology contain a large amount of desalination water (see Equation 1), no separate transfer device is required to transfer s from the coalification reactor to the s 5.

In the present invention, the main processes that require an external heat source are the s4 coalification process and the s7 coal drying process, and the ability to separate moisture contained in the raw material, which is characteristic of the coalification process described in the above formula (1) The sludge produced in the coalification process is dehydrated to reduce the water content. S.6 The dehydration process requires the external heat source. S. 7 The energy consumed by the drying heat in the coal drying process is reduced, Reduce the total amount of energy.

s. The wet coal and desolvation water produced in the coalification process is dehydrated by using the dehydrator, which reduces the water content to 55 ~ 35% by water reduction.

s.6 An appropriate dewatering system is required for the dewatering process. The dewatering system may be a filter press type equipped with a dewatering filter, a continuous screw press type, or a hydraulic press filter type. Any other type of dewatering device can be applied.

Among the applicable dewatering systems, the filter press apparatus is a device for dehydrating water by adding wet coal and desorption water produced by coalification process to the filter chamber composed of filter cloth, closing the inlet of the filter cloth and applying pressure to the filter cloth. It is possible to purchase, it has good dehydration efficiency and low solids concentration of desalination liquid. However, it has disadvantages such as non-continuous operation process including injection process, compression process and discharge process, requires labor input, There are disadvantages; The screw press apparatus is a device capable of a continuous process comprising a screw and a drain filter as disclosed in the prior art patents No. 10-0912781 and No. 10-0962717 developed by the Company. The screw press apparatus has a high dewatering efficiency, However, when the dewatering pressure is increased, the concentration of the particulate matter in the desorbing liquid increases and the power consumption is increased in order to increase the dewatering efficiency; The hydraulic press filter is a device composed of a hydraulic part composed of a hydraulic pump and a piston and a work part composed of a filtering part for a filter. It has a disadvantage in that it can not be operated continuously and has low productivity due to low working speed and high price. However, It has the advantage of high efficiency of dehydration and high efficiency of work in wide working area; The dewatering devices described above can be introduced for the purpose of increasing the energy efficiency of the entire coalification process by lowering the water content of the wet coal.

This is because the amount of energy required to operate the dewatering device is much less than the amount of energy required to dry the water without dewatering. As described above, the loss of vaporization heat due to the phase change of water into water vapor increases the temperature of the solid It is about 2.7 times the calories consumed.

Therefore, due to the characteristics of sewage sludge, the subject of water content in bacterial cells is composed of the cell fluid surrounded by the cell membrane. In order to reduce the moisture content, the cell membrane is disassembled to discharge the cell fluid and moisture is reduced. Therefore, The cell wall is disintegrated into fine particles by using a thermal hydrolysis process, which is the principle of HTC technology. After chemical conversion by recycled coal (bio-coal) and talli water, dehydration It is possible to lower the water content by introducing the s6 dehydration process which reduces the water content by removing the desorption water by introducing the apparatus, and the water content of the dehydrated wet coal is about 55 to 35%.

In the dehydration process, for example, the wet coal is introduced into a filter press, the inlet is closed with a hydraulic device, the filter is compressed to dehydrate, and the outlet of the filter is opened to discharge the dehydrated solid.

Here, the method of introducing the filter press in the dehydration process of s 6 can be repeatedly dehydrated by the wet coal once dewatered by the coupling process by using two devices separately.

If dehydration is carried out in two repeated processes using the same filter press, the dehydration process can be regarded as one time.

In other words, it has important meaning in terms of process purpose, efficiency, and linkage rather than the number of processes in which the whole coalification process is performed.

The reason why the dehydration is carried out in the two-step reverse process is to prevent the dehydration rate from remarkably dropping due to the closing of the voids by putting the fine particles into the voids of the filter cloth by excessively applying pressure in one step. If the water content is reduced step by step by dividing into two stages, the distance between the wet coal solids is narrowed by the gradually applied pressure so as to form a valve membrane or a thin lamination layer, so that the dehydrated solids aggregate as if the dehydrated solid forms crystals, The water staying in the laminated layer is dewatered in the filter cloth by removing the solids between the relatively thin lamination layers by water pressure formed by rapidly exiting the lamination layer in a horizontal direction (cross flow) with the pressure as the pressure is applied. Let it proceed smoothly.

The factors that determine the dehydration rate are the efficiency of the dehydrator (dehydration rate), the initial investment, the operating cost, the energy consumption, the compatibility with the linkage system, and the water content of the solid- s.6 The dehydration process plays an important role in determining the energy efficiency of the coalification process.

s6 The moisture content of wet coal is about 40% on dehydration process.

s. The drying process of the dehydrated wet coal is such that the water vapor which is vaporized by the dry heat in the open / closed circuit state is discharged, so that the recycled coal in the wet state is dried quickly so that the water content becomes 25 to 35%.

s.6 The s6-1 desalin produced in the dehydration process can be purified by the wastewater treatment facility or the sewage treatment facility and then discharged or recycled to the domestic wastewater through the recycling water treatment process.

s. The coal drying process is carried out in an open / close circuit, and the outer wall temperature of the drying furnace is heated to about 180 to 420 ° C. When the inner temperature is raised by the direct or indirect heating method, the inner pressure of the drying furnace is increased The moisture becomes water vapor and the water vapor becomes high density as the temperature rises. Therefore, the internal pressure is naturally formed in the drying furnace, and the steam is pushed out to the outside of the drying furnace, so that the discharge structure in which the generated high- .

Condensate generated from s7-1 or condensed water from which tar has been removed should be purified and discharged in a wastewater treatment facility or a sewage treatment facility.

The coal that has a moisture content of about 30% is sieved through s8 molding and machining processes, and then subjected to a molding operation to form a uniform shape such as pellet, briquett and briquette, and a pressing process using a mechanical force such as a press. The complete combustion can be achieved and the combustion time can be prolonged.

In particular, the molding process can be performed only by adding water or a liquid additive equivalent to about 10 to 30% of the weight of the building in the case of 100% completely dried coal.

Firstly, the water content of the sufactured coal is dried to be less than 10%.

In the present invention, the introduction of the dehydration process increases the energy self-sufficiency rate by at least 50% so that the external energy required for the coalification process can be replaced by the produced coal.

As a means of increasing the energy self-sufficiency rate, the amount of coal produced in the coalification process is high, and at the same time, the use of external heat sources necessary for the coalification process is minimized and the waste heat generated in the entire process of coalification is recycled.

In particular, it is important to reduce the moisture content, which is relatively high in the heat consumption rate, in order to minimize the external heat source required, and at the same time, there is a method of preheating the raw material to be supplied to the coalification process by recycling waste heat.

The coalification process and the drying process of the wet coal require the external heat source in the entire coalification technology. The produced coal can be used as the fuel. If the coal produced can be used for the external heat source, It is possible.

1. The effect of improving HTC process technology to produce bio-coal, a high-calorific solid fuel from organic wastes.

2. Minimizing the energy consumption by introducing the dehydration process at the end of the coalification process in the total process of the HTC technology.

3. Increase the energy self-sufficiency rate by at least 50% by utilizing the bio-coal produced for the whole process of coalification requiring external heat source as external heat source supply fuel.

4. Minimization of the use of external heat sources to produce high water content organic wastes as recycled coal (bio-coal) by reducing the moisture content.

5. Increase the economical efficiency of the entire process technology by minimizing the use of external heat source.

6. Minimizing the use of external heat source by recycling the waste heat generated in the whole process of coalification.

7. The high water content due to the spongy structure of fiber, which is the main component of food waste, is converted into desalination water through the coalification process by the water in the caustic structure, and the water is reduced by introduction of the dehydration process. minimization.

8. Cell liquid which constitutes the high water content of sewage sludge is converted to final product of cell wall destruction and coalification process by micro-molecularization through coalification process. After chemical conversion by coal and talli water, Dewatering effect through easy removal.

9. Minimization of external heat source in drying process of wet coal produced from sewage sludge as raw material through dehydration effect in above 8.

1, In the present invention, a process flow for a coalification process technology for producing recycled coal using food waste as a raw material, an improved coalification technique for introducing a dehydration process to save energy,
FIG. 2 is a process flow chart for an improved coalification technique in which a dehydration process is introduced to save energy, to a coalification process technique for producing recycled coal using sewage sludge as a raw material in the present invention,

The present invention relates to an existing coalification technology which is a prior art. - Patent Registration No. 10-1205962, Patent Application No. 10-2011-0073797, No. 10-2012-0049618 - In order to increase energy efficiency and improve economy, This is an improved coalification technology that introduces a dehydration process using a dewatering device that removes moisture. It is a renewable energy technology that is produced from biomass as bio-coal, which is a solid fuel that is an energy resource. Organic wastes such as food waste, wastewater sludge;

It can be applied to large-scale processing capacity of city waste of city garbage, old county unit, and processing system scale of several tens of tons to several hundred tons of processing capacity per day;

It can be applied as a miniaturization device with a throughput of less than 1 ton per day to a large restaurant, a school meal shop, a factory food service area or an apartment complex self-treatment facility;

In the case of wastewater sludge, the amount of wastewater sludge generated according to the treatment capacity of the wastewater treatment plant is variable. However, due to the feature of coalification process technology, enlargement of processing capacity or miniaturization Applicable as a device;

It can be applied as a device to perform renewable energy technology to produce recycled coal, which is solid fuel, as raw material, organic wastes generated from livestock manure, poultry farms,

Green biomass, bio-diesel Raw material after plant oil extraction (Populus peel, Castor bean, Bean bean, Rapeseed bean, Sunflower stand), Tomato cucumber stem, Pumpkin stem, Rice straw, barley straw, cornstarch, citrus peel, sweet potato potato stem It can be applied as a device to perform renewable energy technology to produce recycled coal, which is a solid fuel, from raw materials such as greenhouse crop biomass;

It can be applied as a device to perform renewable energy technology that produces recycled coal, which is a solid fuel, as a raw material, byproducts from industry such as wine factory, beer factory and rice wine factory, brewery residue of edible plant, residue of tofu factory, ;

As a by-product of conventional organic waste recycling technology such as waste water, which is the process wastewater generated in the process of composting food waste, and residual digestive waste remaining after the production of biogas, the renewable energy technology that produces recycled coal, Applicable as a device to perform;

It can be applied as a device for performing renewable energy technology for producing recycled coal as a raw fuel by selectively extracting organic components contained in general municipal waste or industrial waste;

If the inorganic and organic components such as sewage sludge sediment, river and lake sedimentation dredged water are mixed, it can be applied as a device for the renewable energy technology that produces the recycled coal, which is a solid fuel, as the raw material. ; Renewable natural resources such as green biomass, such as fiber, lignin, etc., can be planted to produce renewable energy as a solid fuel.

Claims (5)

The HTC process technology (HTC process technology), which reduces the energy consumption for public dissemination and activation of the coalification technology (HTC technology) that produces the solid fuel, bio-coal, from the high moisture content organic waste, ),
Since the amount of energy consumed by the heat of vaporization required for the phase change of water to water vapor is large, a dehydration process of converting the moisture of the above content into desorption water by an energy-
The HTC process technology has been applied to a thermal hydrolysis process for dissolving an organic component into fine particles and a method for producing coal for conversion of the fine molecular organic component into recycled coal and desorbed water Including the carbonization through a polymerization and condensation,

Since the organic waste having a moisture content of 80% or more is a structurally bound water which is difficult to be phase-separated by a mechanical pretreatment, the HTC process, which induces a thermal hydrolysis process and a polycondensation reaction, The desalination water is easily removed through the dewatering process, and the desorbing water to be removed eliminates energy loss due to heat of vaporization, so that the high moisture content organic wastes are converted into solid fuel The development of process as improved HTC technology which is characterized by reducing energy consumption by introducing dehydration process to remove moisture in existing coalification process technology which is produced with phosphorous coal (bio-coal). [2] The process according to claim 1, wherein the HTC process technology further comprises a crushing process for homogenizing the raw material to remove moisture when the food waste is a raw material, A solid-liquid separation process for removing leachate produced in the reactor; The water is converted into desorbed water through the HTC process to remove water in the form of structurally coupled water which is not separated and removed by a mechanical pre-treatment operation, Process development as improved HTC technology. [2] The process according to claim 1, wherein the HTC process technology further includes a process for reducing energy consumption, wherein the raw sewage sludge is separated and removed by mechanical pretreatment to remove water (HTC process) to remove water in the form of an improved HTC technology for removing water in the form of structurally coupled water, which is converted into desorbed water through the conventional coalification process (HTC process) ) Process development. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the HTC process technology further includes a process technology for reducing energy consumption, wherein the process is a process for removing moisture from the food waste and sewage sludge, (HTC) process to convert the water into desalinated water to remove moisture, and to perform the dehydration process in the entire process of the drying process. The present invention relates to a dehydration apparatus for further improving the coal-reduction technology for reducing energy consumption in the HTC process technology for producing bio-coal, which is a solid fuel from high moisture content organic wastes, ,
A filter press apparatus comprising a filter fabric and a pressurizing dewatering apparatus;
A screw press apparatus comprising a screw and a drain filter; A hydraulic press apparatus comprising a power unit having a hydraulic pump and a piston, and a filter cloth for a filter; And a dewatering system composed of a plurality of the plurality of apparatuses, as described above.

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