KR20150018926A - A Variable Enclosure For Loudspeaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention enables a user to variably determine a resonant frequency value of a duct and the sealing degree and the volume of an enclosure which are main elements to determine the property of a sound reproduced in a speaker system. The present invention maximizes satisfaction by matching the reproduction ability of the speaker with the listening environment and the taste of the user and functions as a customized speaker system.

Description

A Variable Enclosure For Loudspeaker}

The present invention relates to an enclosure of a speaker.

Speaker is a device that converts the electric energy received from the amplifier into vibrational energy of the diaphragm to produce sound. However, there are many ways to cause vibration of diaphragm with electric energy. The most common speaker is a motor that sends current to the coil inserted in the gap of the magnet to move the coil and shake the diaphragm attached to the coil. This type of speaker is called magneto-dynamic (or just dynamic) type speaker. Any speaker with a cone or dome type of diaphragm will use this method. Though not common, there are electrostatic speakers in the form of a diaphragm coated with a high-resistance conductor behind a metal plate with small holes. The electrostatic speaker is electrically connected to a condenser speaker. The electrostatic speaker is a diaphragm with all points on the diaphragm being subjected to electrostatic force, and the diaphragm is close to the plane and wide. Since all the points of the diaphragm receive the same force, the distortion is small, but the sound of 180 different phases radiates equally to the back and forth, so that the bass characteristic is bad and the direction of vibration is strong. Another way of using the interaction of magnetic field and current is the Magne-planar method. This method also has a wide plate diaphragm, which is a coiled structure with diaphragm placed between wide, perforated magnets. Ribbon type speakers are similar in principle to magne-planar, but the music signal is fed directly to the diaphragm made of metal, called a ribbone, rather than flowing into a coil on a diaphragm. Ribbon type tweeter is often used in ordinary multiway speaker systems. In addition, there are ion-type which directly controls density of air using electric discharge, and piezo-electric method using piezoelectric phenomenon.

Dynamic speakers with voice coil and cone or dome type diaphragms are capable of producing the most economical, relatively durable, and extremely high quality speakers in spite of their many drawbacks. It is still a lump of loudspeakers that are more than a year old.

Fig. 1 shows the housing of the cone speaker unit. The dome tweeter has no basket, spider, cone or edge surround in this structure.

Where most of the parts are assembled using adhesives. There is a magnet inside and outside the voice coil, so the voice coil is locked in the magnetic field created by these magnets. When the voltage at the amplifier output terminal is applied to both ends of the voice coil, the current received from the amplifier causes the voice coil to move up and down by the magnetic moment generated by the voice coil and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. Since the voice coil is bonded to the cone, the cone moves along with the voice coil motion. In this way, the electrical output of the amplifier changes to the vibration of the speaker cone. Here, the spider or edge surround serves to fix the speaker cone and voice coil to maintain a precise center, and also acts as a damper to suppress the speaker cone from useless.

A small speaker unit with a diameter of 8 inches or less is difficult to reproduce a low-pitched sound with a very low pitch. Although a compact unit can be designed with a well-designed enclosure, the low-frequency characteristics can be quite good, but it is not easy to get the ultra-low range or large volume of the organ, like the bass of a small unit, without distortion. The reason for this is as follows. The speaker makes a sound when the cone moves to move the air. Therefore, if you move a lot of air for a given time, it will make a loud noise. Therefore, in order for a small unit to move enough air to move a large unit, the vibration amplitude of the front and rear must be large, and therefore the speed of the cone must also be much faster. However, vibration systems such as loudspeaker cones become larger as the vibration width increases. If the speed of the unit is too fast, the air will not follow the movement of the unit properly, resulting in air turbulence noise and distortion due to the Doppler effect. (Whether Doppler distortion or fluctuating noise is heard in the ear If we look at the music we listen to as band-specific energy, the energy is concentrated at a low frequency below 100Hz. This is because the human ear is insensitive to low frequencies below 100 Hz and becomes more and more insensitive as the pitch is lowered. Therefore, if you want to make a very low sound of 20-30 Hz, the speaker unit must be able to move a large amount of air linearly.

Sound is a change in air pressure. The loudspeaker oscillator produces a difference in air pressure between the front and rear of the oscillator when oscillating. However, the sound before and after the vibrating body is offset by 180 degrees because of the phase difference. The solution is to block the front and back by a baffle plate. However, in case of a low frequency of sound that can be detected by a person, since the radius of the partition wall must be 9m from the speaker, it is not easy to use in practical use. Therefore, a method of blocking the sound of opposite phase by sealing one side is used. It is the role of the speaker enclosure. Speaker enclosures (or enclosures), which are currently used most frequently, can be classified into three types as shown in Fig. In the case of a milled type, the air in the enclosure and the outside air are completely blocked. The port or duct type is a hole in the speaker enclosure. The rear open type is a type having only a certain size of a bulkhead. Method. The port or duct type resonates in a specific frequency band using the sound from the back of the speaker unit and the volume of the cabinet. The basic principle is Helmholtz resonance. It is usually intended to enhance the sound of low frequency bands and is called low bass reflex, or bass-reflex type. The use of ordinary ducts can make the design more precise and the enclosure of the same size makes the bass sound better, so most of the speakers available today are duct bass-reflex type. In the case of a duct type speaker, it can be considered that the diaphragm of the woofer moves the air inside the duct. The air between the woofer unit and the duct can be thought of as an elastic body that transfers energy between the diaphragm and port side air. The resonance frequency is determined by the elasticity of the air and the mass of the duct air. At higher frequencies than this resonance point, the sound from the duct and the sound from the front of the woofer have the same phase. Therefore, the efficiency of the speaker is improved in this frequency band. However, since the phases of the two sounds are opposite to each other at a frequency lower than the resonance point, if the frequency is lower than the resonance point, the efficiency rapidly decreases. Because the volume of the speaker enclosure can calculate the elasticity of the air and the duct standard can calculate the mass of the air driven by the loudspeaker, it is possible to calculate the mass of the air driven by the loudspeaker, You can make a speaker. In addition, there are maze type and mixed type speaker enclosure. There is also a method of using the front and rear loudspeakers of a building using corners of a building wall.

What is to be achieved in the present invention is that the sound is dominated by the structure of the space, so that the balance of sound over the entire audible band can not be solved by the fixed type speaker structure. Therefore, a speaker structure capable of flexibly responding to a specific spatial structure is required. In the present invention, a speaker enclosure structure capable of flexibly responding to acoustic characteristics of a space or a listener's taste is devised.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is to provide variability to a speaker enclosure and a duct used for preventing cancellation of sound canceling and amplifying a specific frequency range. The main element, duct or port, provides the duct length and volume and the opening and closing function. The speaker enclosure has volume flexibility and openness to function as a baffle plate at the opening, We devise a structure that can give variability to determine the noise cancellation frequency limit.

The present invention is characterized in that the user can variably determine the volume, the degree of enclosure, and the resonance frequency of the duct, which can determine the frequency characteristics of the reproduced sound of the speaker system. This is an invention that can play the same role as a customized speaker system that can maximize the satisfaction of the user by utilizing the variability of the same speaker system instead of searching for a desired performance by obtaining another speaker because it does not fit the taste and listening environment will be.

1 shows a general speaker configuration.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker enclosure of the present invention having a variable partition wall length.
3 shows a closed speaker enclosure of the present invention having a variable volume enclosure and its cross-sectional structure.
4 shows a speaker enclosure according to the present invention having a variable volume and an opening / closing function of a duct and a sectional structure thereof.
5 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker enclosure according to the present invention having a variable volume enclosure and variable volume of the duct and opening / closing function.
6 shows a speaker enclosure according to the present invention having a variable volume and a function for opening and closing the enclosure, and its sectional structure.
7 shows a speaker having a variable volume of a speaker enclosure and a duct, and a variable opening and closing function of an enclosure and a duct.
8 shows a structure of a general dynamic speaker.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is to provide variability to a speaker enclosure and a duct used for preventing cancellation of sound canceling and amplifying a specific frequency range. The main element duct or port is provided with the duct length and volume, the opening and closing function, and the speaker enclosure has volume flexibility and openness to devise a structure capable of varying the size of the baffle plate during opening . Here, the pipe represented by the enclosure is a type that easily expresses the variable volume enclosure, and the shape can be either circular or square, and the size is not limited.

1 in the drawings is a speaker unit, and any type of speaker that can be mounted on the enclosure can be used. The vibrating body of the speaker may be both of non-breathable and breathable. Even in an enclosed enclosure structure, the vibrating body can have air permeability. For example, an electrostatic speaker having a minute air-permeable hole may also be used.

1. Size variable barrier

The size of the partition wall blocking the sound in the opposite phase from the front and rear of the speaker can be adjusted as shown in FIG. Two pipes with the same inner diameter and the other with the same outer diameter serving as speaker enclosures are inserted into a pipe with a small outer diameter and connected to a large diameter pipe, and a speaker is connected to one end of the pipe And open the other end. By adjusting the pipe length to fit the space, the distance from the speaker to the end of the bulkhead is varied to adjust the frequency of the specific sub-sub frequency that is canceled out.

2. Variable displacement enclosure

The volume of the enclosure which blocks the sound opposite in phase from the front and rear of the speaker can be adjusted as shown in FIG. Two pipes with the same inner diameter and the other with the same outer diameter serving as speaker enclosures are inserted into a pipe with a small outer diameter and connected to a large diameter pipe, and a speaker is connected to one end of the pipe The other end is closed and the volume is changed by adjusting the length of the whole pipe.

3. Volume and variable opening duct

The length of the duct used in the low-profile speaker-type enclosure can be adjusted as shown in FIG. The length of this duct regulates the frequency band of the amplified sound using the Helmholtz resonance value. Two pipes with both ends open to serve as ducts. Two pipes with the same inner diameter and the other with the same outer diameter are connected by inserting a small diameter pipe into the larger diameter pipe, attaching it to the enclosure, and connecting the duct inlet to the enclosure. Attach a size control cap. The volume and inlet size of the duct are variable.

4. Speaker Cabinet Variable Type and Volume and Opening Variable Duct Combination

And the volume of the speaker enclosure variable variable type 2 and the volume of the duct of the third embodiment can be adjusted as shown in FIG. The volume and inlet size of the duct are variable. The volume of the speaker enclosure is also variable.

5. Speaker enclosure volume and airtightness variability

The volume of the enclosure that blocks the sound opposite in phase from the front and rear of the speaker can be adjusted as shown in FIG. Two pipes with the same inner diameter and the other with the same outer diameter serving as speaker enclosures are inserted into a pipe with a small outer diameter and connected to a large diameter pipe, and a speaker is connected to one end of the pipe And at the other end thereof, an opening / closing device capable of adjusting the size of the opening is attached to adjust the size of the opening or closing. This adjusts the sound balance of the sound being reproduced by adjusting the volume of the speaker enclosure and the opening amount of the space.

6. The above 5 methods are mixed with each other

The volume and the degree of enclosure of the speaker enclosure and the volume and the opening of the duct are all controlled as shown in Fig. The duct functions only when the enclosure is sealed, so it is functionally meaningful when only one of them is open. .

The existence of these various band-specific sound pressure control elements enables the flat sound reproduction of the audio frequency band by a single vibration plane which is impossible for any conventional speaker. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, a step-up transformer is used, but another high-voltage output amplifier or the like may be used. FIG. 2, an embodiment of the present invention, implements flat frequency reproduction over the entire audio frequency using the above elements.

2 to 7 are as follows.
1 speaker
2 Speaker Enclosure Front
3 Speaker Enclosure Rear
4 Variable Joint Bonded Duct
5 enclosure variable door
6 duct variable door

Claims (3)

 Enclosure for speakers with adjustable volume. Enclosure for speakers with variable volume of duct. A speaker system that allows the speaker enclosure to switch between the enclosure and the bulkhead in a variable manner.

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