KR20140133375A - Two stage heat pump cooling and heating apparatus using air heat source - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an air-heat binary cycle heat pump cooling and heating apparatus capable of performing a cooling operation regardless of the defrost and the hot-water usage degree of an outdoor air evaporator in the case of a heating operation by transmitting the heat of a refrigerant at a high-temperature side in a high-temperature cycle to a low-temperature cycle in order to improve cooling and heating efficiency or transmitting the heat to an outdoor air evaporator, thereby optimally designing an entire capacity according to a balance between a cooling capacity and a heating capacity. The air-heat binary cycle heat pump has: a fourth heat exchanger (104) of which one side is connected between a first heat exchanger (102) and a first expansion valve (105); a fifth heat exchanger (217) of which one side is connected to the inlet side of a second compressor (203); and a heating medium circulation part housing a heating medium therein, selected to form a closed-loop when connected to the other sides of the fourth heat exchanger (104) and the fifth heat exchanger (217), selected to form a closed-loop to transmit the heat to the outdoor air evaporator (205) when connected to the other side of the fourth heat exchanger (104), and circulating the heating medium in the selected closed-loop, wherein the heating medium circulation part absorbing the heat through the fourth heat exchanger (104) is selected to transmit the heat to the low-temperature cycle through the fifth heat exchanger (217) or is selected to transmit the heat in order to heat the outdoor air evaporator in the case of the heating operation, and is selected to transmit the heat to the low-temperature cycle through the fifth-heat exchanger (217) or is selected to operate the outdoor air evaporator (205) in order to emit the heat to the outside.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a two-stage heat pump cooling and heating apparatus using an air heat source,

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat pump cycle heat pump for air-conditioning, and more particularly to a heat pump for circulating heat from a high-temperature cycle heat pump to a low-temperature cycle or ambient air evaporator, .

The two-cycle heat pump cooling and heating apparatus capable of operating hot water or cooling and heating simultaneously or selectively regardless of the seasons and operating in accordance with various heat loads is suitable for the case where heat is taken from a heat source such as air, And the high-temperature heat for hot water and heating is operated as a high-temperature cycle using a refrigerant having good high-temperature characteristics.

However, the biggest disadvantage of the air-to-air heat pump, which receives heat from the outside air, is that the outside air temperature is low and the outside air evaporator does not exchange heat with the outside air. This is also the case with the double- I was running a cycle of defamation.

1, the refrigerant discharged from the high-temperature side compressor 10 in the heat transfer cycle 1 'during the heating operation is heated at a high temperature (for example, Side evaporator 22 through the bypass defrost line 41 and removes the property of the low-temperature evaporator 22 by using the condensation heat, and the high-temperature expansion valve 14 and the intermediate heat exchanger 15 and flows into the high-temperature side compressor 10.

In the case of Patent No. 0796452, in the cooling operation, the operation of the heat transfer cycle 1 'is stopped and only the heat acquisition cycle 2' is performed, so that the refrigerant discharged from the low temperature side compressor 20 passes through the low temperature side evaporator 22 Temperature side expansion valve 23 and flows into the low temperature side compressor 20 via the low temperature side heat exchanger 24 and the evaporation pressure regulating valve 26. [

However, in the patent application No. 0796452, the entire construction is complicated and not only the manufacturing and installation costs are increased, but also the cause of the failure, and the entire operation may be stopped when the defrosting line 41 is damaged in the heating operation.

The two-cycle cycle heat pump cooling and heating apparatus should be designed optimally by adjusting the capacity of the compressor in two cycles so that the heat transfer cycle (1 ') and the heat recovery cycle (2') operate as a whole and satisfy both heating and cooling. No. 0796452 discloses a cooling system in which the cooling cycle 1 'is stopped and only the heat-acquisition cycle 2' is operated during the cooling operation so that the cooling capacity 1 ' And the optimal design of the total capacity due to the unbalance of the heating capacity becomes difficult.

In addition, not only does the heat transfer cycle and the heat acquisition cycle operate while both the heat transfer cycle and the heat acquisition cycle operate both in the cooling operation of the two-cycle heat pump heating and cooling apparatus in which the heat transfer cycle and the heat acquisition cycle are operated, When the heat transfer to the hot water tank of the heat transfer cycle is no longer needed, the heat is circulated through the hot side refrigerant as it is, and the heat exchange with the low temperature side refrigerant in the heat acquisition cycle is not properly performed, .

Patent No. 0796452 (entitled " Heat pump and defrosting method using the same)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an air conditioner which is capable of transmitting heat of a hot side refrigerant to a low temperature cycle in a high temperature cycle, And to provide a cooling / heating apparatus for a two-phase air / heat cycle heat pump which enables an optimum design of the total capacity in accordance with a balance between a cooling capacity and a heating capacity.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention provides a refrigeration cycle in which a closed loop is formed by a first compressor (101), a first heat exchanger (102), a first expansion valve (105) and a second heat exchanger (106) A hot cycle 100 for circulating the heat absorbed by the second heat exchanger 106 to the hot water tank 103 through the first heat exchanger 102; A closed loop is formed in the second compressor 203 and the second heat exchanger 106 by the second expansion valve 204 and the ambient air evaporator 205 to perform the heating operation while circulating the low temperature side refrigerant, A closed loop is formed in the compressor 203 and the second heat exchanger 106 by the third heat exchanger 214 connected to the third expansion valve 213 and the cold water tank 215 so that the low- And the heat absorbed by the outside air evaporator 205 or the third heat exchanger 214 is supplied to the high temperature side refrigerant through the second heat exchanger 106 when the heating or cooling operation is performed by selection, And a low-temperature cycle (200) for transferring the heat from the first heat exchanger (102) to the first heat exchanger (102). The heat exchanger )Wow; A fifth heat exchanger (217) having one side connected to the inlet side of the second compressor (203); And the other side of the fourth heat exchanger (104) is connected to the other side of the fifth heat exchanger (217) to form a closed loop, or connected to the other side of the fourth heat exchanger (104) Further comprising a heat medium circulation unit for selecting a closed loop to transmit heat to the evaporator 205 and circulating the heat medium contained in the selected closed loop, wherein the heat medium circulation unit is connected to the fourth heat exchanger The heat of the high-temperature side refrigerant absorbed through the fifth heat exchanger 217 is transferred to the low-temperature cycle through the fifth heat exchanger 217 or the heat is transmitted to heat the outside-air evaporator 205 when performing the heating operation , And is selected so as to transfer heat to the low-temperature cycle through the fifth heat exchanger (217) or to operate the outside-air evaporator (205) and to rapidly discharge the outside air through the fifth heat exchanger (217) Provides two won air heat cycle heat pump air conditioning system.

Preferably, the heat of the high-temperature side refrigerant absorbed through the fourth heat exchanger 104 can be determined through adjustment of the heat transferred from the first heat exchanger 102 to the hot water tank 103.

According to the air conditioner of the present invention, the heat of the high-temperature side refrigerant, which is absorbed through the fourth heat exchanger and is regulated by the heat transferred from the first heat exchanger to the hot water tank, Cooling cycle through the fifth heat exchanger or by transferring the refrigerant to the outside air evaporator, thereby enabling the cooling and heating operation to be performed independently of the degree of defrosting and hot water use of the outside air evaporator during the heating operation, The effect of balancing enables the optimal design of the total capacity.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a configuration of a conventional dual cycle heat pump cooling / heating apparatus,
FIG. 2 is a view showing a configuration of a heat and air-conditioning cycle heat pump heating and air-conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,
3A and 3B are diagrams showing a heating operation process in the apparatus of FIG. 2,
4A and 4B are views showing a cooling operation process in the apparatus of FIG.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be described in detail in order to facilitate a person skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. And does not mean that the technical idea and scope of the present invention are limited.

2 is a view showing a configuration of a heat and air-conditioning cycle heat pump heating and air-conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the air-conditioning dual cycle heat pump cooling / heating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention basically includes a high-temperature cycle 100 in which high-temperature refrigerant circulates and a low-temperature cycle 200 in which low- The heat of the high temperature side refrigerant which is determined through the control of the heat transferred from the first heat exchanger 102 to the hot water tank 103 of the high temperature cycle 100 is selectively transferred to the low temperature cycle 200 and the outside air evaporator Configuration is added.

The high-temperature cycle (100) comprises a process of compressing, condensing, expanding, and evaporating while the high-temperature side refrigerant circulates.

A first compressor (101) is provided as a high-temperature side compressor, and an inlet of the other side of the first heat exchanger (102) is connected to an outlet of the first compressor (101) as a high temperature side condensing heat exchanger.

The first heat exchanger 102, to which the hot water tank 103 is connected at one side, exchanges the heat of the hot side refrigerant with the water stored in the hot water tank 103 to produce hot water and heating water.

In this case, the hot water circulation pump 107 may be installed between the first heat exchanger 102 and the hot water tank 103 to smooth the circulation of hot water. In this case, by controlling the operation cycle of the hot water circulation pump 107, The heat of the high temperature side refrigerant which is transferred to the low temperature cycle 200 or the outside air evaporator through the fourth heat exchanger through the adjustment of the heat transferred from the first heat exchanger 102 of the cycle 100 to the hot water tank 103 .

The outlet of the other side of the first heat exchanger 102 is provided with a heat exchanger for exchanging the heat of the high temperature side refrigerant determined through the regulation of the heat transmitted from the first heat exchanger 102 to the hot water tank 103, The inlet of one side is connected.

The low temperature cycle 200 or the outside air evaporator 205 is selected on the other side of the fourth heat exchanger 104 and the heat medium is supplied to the selected low temperature cycle 200 or the outside air evaporator 205 A circulating heat medium circulation unit is connected.

The heating medium circulation unit is provided with a heating medium circulation pipe 111, a heating medium storage tank 112, a heating medium circulation pump 113 and a three-way valve 114 (115) for circulating the heating medium having a low freezing point such as antifreeze, saline, ).

Here, the heat medium circulation pipe 111 is a closed loop which is opened in a tube shape and is connected to the other side of the fourth heat exchanger 104 so as to be positioned in a form to transfer heat to the outside air evaporator 205, One of the closed loops formed by connecting the other side of the heat exchanger 104 and the other side of the fifth heat exchanger 217 is selected by the operation of the three-way valves 114 and 115.

The heat medium circulation pipe 111 is provided with a heat medium storage tank 112 which functions as a buffer when heat is transferred to the outside air evaporator 205 while storing the circulating heat medium therein and a heat medium circulation pipe 112 for circulating the heat medium, And a pump 113 is connected.

A first expansion valve (105) is connected to the outlet of one side of the fourth heat exchanger (104) as a high temperature side expansion valve. The outlet of the first expansion valve 105 is connected to the inlet of one side of the second heat exchanger 106 and the outlet of the second heat exchanger 106 is connected to the inlet of the first compressor 101.

The second heat exchanger 106 is used as an evaporator in the hot cycle 100 and as a condenser in the cold cycle 200 while the other side is connected to the cold cycle 200. The heat absorbed in the evaporator of the cold cycle 200 To the high temperature cycle (100), so that heat exchange is performed between the high temperature side refrigerant and the low temperature side refrigerant.

The low-temperature cycle 200 is constituted by a process of compressing, condensing, expanding, and evaporating while the low-temperature side refrigerant circulates.

The outlet of the second compressor (203) is connected to the inlet of the other side of the second heat exchanger (106), and the outlet of the other side of the second heat exchanger (106) is connected to the inlet And is connected to the second expansion valve (204).

The outlet of the second expansion valve 204 is connected to the inlet of the ambient air evaporator 205 and the outlet of the ambient air evaporator 205 is connected to the inlet of one side of the fifth heat exchanger 217 via the electromagnetic valve 201 And the outlet of one side of the fifth heat exchanger 217 is connected to the inlet of the liquid separator 206.

Here, the heat medium evaporator 205 is connected to the other side of the fourth heat exchanger 104 through the operation of the three-way valves 114 and 115 to form a closed loop, and heat transfer of the high- And a temperature sensor 216 is installed.

On the other hand, between the inlet of one side of the fifth heat exchanger 217 and the outlet of the other side of the second heat exchanger 106 is connected to one side of the third heat exchanger 214 via the solenoid valves 211, A valve 213 is connected. A cold water tank 215 is connected to the other side of the third heat exchanger 214.

The other side of the fifth heat exchanger 217 forms a closed loop while the heat medium circulation pipe 111 is connected to the other side of the fourth heat exchanger 104 through the operation of the three-way valves 114 and 115.

Hereinafter, the operation of the air conditioner according to the present invention will be described in detail.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are views showing a heating operation process in the apparatus of FIG. 2. FIG.

First, in the case where the temperature of the outside air evaporator 205 does not occur by the detection of the temperature sensor 216 in the controller (not shown), the heat medium circulation section operates the three-way valves 114 and 115 The other side of the fourth heat exchanger 104 is connected to the other side of the fifth heat exchanger 217 to form a closed loop to circulate the heating medium and the solenoid valve The second heat exchanger 217 and the liquid separator 206 form a closed loop so that the low temperature side refrigerant circulates while the second heat exchanger 202, the second expansion valve 204, the outside air evaporator 205, the electromagnetic valve 201, the fifth heat exchanger 217, A process of controlling the heating operation for transferring the heat absorbed by the evaporator 205 and the fifth heat exchanger 217 to the high temperature side refrigerant through the second heat exchanger 106 will be described with reference to FIG.

The solenoid valves 201 and 202 of the low temperature cycle 200 are opened and the high temperature cycle 100 and the low temperature cycle 200 are operated while the solenoid valves 211 and 212 are closed.

In the high-temperature cycle 100, the high-temperature side refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 101 is condensed in the first heat exchanger 102, and the remaining heat is passed through the fourth heat exchanger 104 via the heating medium, (Not shown).

The water in the hot water tank 103 is circulated in the first heat exchanger 102 and the water obtained from the hot side refrigerant through the first heat exchanger 102 becomes hot water and stored in the hot water tank 103 It is also used as hot water and circulates through the air conditioning equipment pipe to heat it.

The high-temperature side refrigerant, which has been completely condensed in the first heat exchanger 102 and has been completely exhausted, passes through the first expansion valve 105, passes through the second heat exchanger 106, The refrigerant heat is exchanged as much as possible and flows into the first compressor 101 again.

On the other hand, in the low-temperature cycle 200, the low-temperature side refrigerant discharged from the second compressor 203 moves through the second heat exchanger 106 to the second expansion valve 204 via the solenoid valve 202, Passes through the outside air evaporator 205, passes through the solenoid valve 201 and the fifth heat exchanger 217, passes through the liquid separator 206, and then flows into the second compressor 203 again.

At this time, in the second heat exchanger (106), the high-temperature side refrigerant, in which the heat remaining after condensation in the first heat exchanger (102) is completely discharged, the air heat of the outside air evaporator (205) The low-temperature side refrigerant absorbing the heat remaining after being condensed in the exchanger 102 maximizes the heat exchange, so that the heating efficiency is increased.

Next, in a case where the temperature of the controller is such that the freezing of the ambient air evaporator 205 occurs by the detection of the temperature sensor 216, the heat medium circulation section operates the three-way valves 114 and 115 to operate the fourth heat exchanger 104, A circulating loop is formed to circulate the heating medium through the outer loop evaporator 205, thereby controlling the heating operation while defrosting by transferring heat to the outside air evaporator 205. Referring to FIG.

The defrosting for smooth operation of the outside air evaporator 214 is required. In this case, by controlling the hot water circulation pump 107 to stop, the high-temperature side refrigerant heat is circulated through the heating medium of the heat medium circulation unit So that the defrosting of the outside-air evaporator 205 can be performed promptly. As a result, the outside temperature is low and the outside air evaporator 214 is stalled, Do not.

4A and 4B are views showing a cooling operation process in the apparatus of FIG.

First, when hot water use of the hot water tank 103 is continued by the detection of the temperature sensor 108 in the controller (not shown in the figure), the heat medium circulation section operates the three-way valves 114, The other side of the exchanger 104 is connected to the other side of the fifth heat exchanger 217 to form a closed loop to circulate the heat medium and the electromagnetic valve 212 is connected to the second compressor 203 and the second heat exchanger 106, The third heat exchanger 214 connected to the third expansion valve 213, the cold water tank 215, the electromagnetic valve 211, the fifth heat exchanger 217 and the liquid separator 206, A process of controlling the cooling operation to transfer the heat absorbed by the third heat exchanger 214 and the fifth heat exchanger 217 to the high temperature side refrigerant through the second heat exchanger 106 while circulating the low temperature side refrigerant 4a.

The solenoid valves 211 and 212 of the low temperature cycle 200 are opened and the high temperature cycle 100 and the low temperature cycle 200 are operated while the solenoid valves 201 and 202 are closed.

In the low-temperature cycle (100), the low-temperature side refrigerant discharged from the second compressor (203) flows through the second heat exchanger (106) and the electromagnetic valve (212) to the third expansion valve (213) The heat of the heat medium is transferred through the heat exchanger 214 to the second compressor 203 via the liquid separator 206 and the heat of the cold water tank 215 through the fifth heat exchanger 217.

The water stored in the cold water tank 215 installed to circulate the third heat exchanger 214 is stored while transferring heat to the cold water tank 20 through the third heat exchanger 214, 20 is circulated through the air conditioning equipment pipe and cooled.

In the high-temperature cycle 100, the high-temperature side refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 101 is condensed in the first heat exchanger 102, and the remaining heat is transferred through the fourth heat exchanger 104 to the heat medium circulation unit (100). ≪ / RTI >

The high-temperature side refrigerant, which has been completely condensed in the first heat exchanger 102 and has been completely exhausted, passes through the first expansion valve 105, passes through the second heat exchanger 106, The refrigerant heat is exchanged as much as possible and flows into the first compressor 101 again.

The water in the hot water tank 103 is circulated in the first heat exchanger 102 and the water obtained from the hot side refrigerant through the first heat exchanger 102 becomes hot water and stored in the hot water tank 103 It becomes possible to use hot water.

In the second heat exchanger 106, the high-temperature side refrigerant in which the heat remaining after being condensed in the first heat exchanger 102 is completely discharged, the heat of the cold water tank 215 obtained through the third heat exchanger 214, The refrigerant that has been condensed in the first heat exchanger 102 obtained through the exchanger 217 and absorbs the remaining heat maximizes the heat exchange, thereby enhancing the cooling efficiency.

Next, when the hot water in the hot water tank 103 is not used due to the detection of the temperature sensor 108 in the controller, the heat medium circulation part operates the three-way valves 114 and 115 to heat the fourth heat exchanger 104 And the second compressor 203 and the second heat exchanger 106 are connected to the solenoid valve 212. The second compressor 203 and the second heat exchanger 106 are connected to each other by a solenoid valve 212 A third heat exchanger 214 connected to the third expansion valve 213 and the cold water tank 215, a solenoid valve 211 and a liquid separator 206 form a closed loop, 3, a process of controlling the cooling operation for transferring the heat of the low-temperature side refrigerant absorbed by the heat exchanger 214 to the high-temperature side refrigerant through the second heat exchanger 106 will be described with reference to FIG.

The operation of the high temperature cycle 100 and the low temperature cycle 200 is the same as that of FIG. 4A except that the heat generated by the cooling is supplied to the hot water tank 103, The refrigerant heat of the high temperature side remaining after being condensed while passing through the first heat exchanger 102 is not transferred to the low temperature cycle 200 through the fifth heat exchanger 217 through the heat medium circulation section, To the evaporator (205), and is rapidly discharged to the outside.

It is possible to maintain the optimum cooling state at all times even if the heat generated by the cooling is not supplied to the hot water tank 103 because the hot water is not used and the operation of the high temperature cycle 100 is not stopped, It is possible to design an optimum capacity considering the balance with the heating capacity.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and such modifications are also included in the scope of the invention.

100: high temperature cycle 101: first compressor
102: first heat exchanger 103: hot water tank
104: fourth heat exchanger 105: first expansion valve
106: second heat exchanger 107: hot water circulation pump
108, 216: Temperature sensor 111: Heat medium circulation pipe
112: Heating medium storage tank 113: Heat medium circulation pump
114, 115: Three-way valve 200: Low temperature cycle
201, 202, 211, 212: Solenoid valve 203: Second compressor
204: second expansion valve 205: outdoor evaporator
206: liquid separator 213: third expansion valve
214: third heat exchanger 215: cold water tank
217: fifth heat exchanger

Claims (2)

The first heat exchanger 102, the first heat exchanger 102, the first heat exchanger 105 and the second heat exchanger 106 form a closed loop so that the high-temperature side refrigerant circulates while the second heat exchanger 106 A hot cycle 100 for transferring the heat absorbed in the first heat exchanger 102 to the hot water tank 103 through the first heat exchanger 102; A closed loop is formed in the second compressor 203 and the second heat exchanger 106 by the second expansion valve 204 and the ambient air evaporator 205 to perform the heating operation while circulating the low temperature side refrigerant, A closed loop is formed in the compressor 203 and the second heat exchanger 106 by the third heat exchanger 214 connected to the third expansion valve 213 and the cold water tank 215 so that the low- And the heat absorbed by the outside air evaporator 205 or the third heat exchanger 214 is supplied to the high temperature side refrigerant through the second heat exchanger 106 when the heating or cooling operation is performed by selection, And a low-temperature cycle (200) for delivering the heat to the heat pump
A fourth heat exchanger (104) having one side connected between the first heat exchanger (102) and the first expansion valve (105); A fifth heat exchanger (217) having one side connected to the inlet side of the second compressor (203); And the other side of the fourth heat exchanger (104) is connected to the other side of the fifth heat exchanger (217) to form a closed loop, or connected to the other side of the fourth heat exchanger (104) Further comprising a heating medium circulation unit for selecting a closed loop to transmit heat to the evaporator (205), and circulating the heating medium accommodated in the selected closed loop,
The heating medium circulation unit conveys the heat of the high temperature side refrigerant absorbed through the fourth heat exchanger 104 to the low temperature cycle through the fifth heat exchanger 217 when the heating operation is performed, The heat is transferred to the low temperature cycle through the fifth heat exchanger 217 or the outside air evaporator 205 is operated through the fifth heat exchanger 217, And the air is discharged rapidly. The method according to claim 1,
The heat of the high temperature side refrigerant absorbed through the fourth heat exchanger (104) is determined by controlling the heat transferred from the first heat exchanger (102) to the hot water tank (103) Pump heating and cooling system.

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