KR20140117245A - Three-dimensional pixel structure, and three-dimensional image acquisition and display device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A three-dimensional image display device of the present invention comprises: a signal processing unit for providing an image information signal; and a display module for displaying a three-dimensional image by being driven in accordance with the image information signal. The display module includes: a domed optical guide including a plurality of light output ports; R, G, and B color display elements having two-dimensional image information corresponding to the optical output port; and an OLED for irradiating the color display elements by light. According to the present invention, a three-dimensional image can be enjoyed without using special glasses, even in the lying state.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional image acquisition and display device using a three-dimensional pixel structure,

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional image acquisition and display apparatus using a three-dimensional pixel structure. More particularly, the present invention relates to a three-dimensional image acquisition and display apparatus using R, G, and B scalar values, 3D image information of R, G, and B having vector values can be provided by a three-dimensional pixel structure that is aligned toward the center of the dome. Such a three-dimensional pixel structure can be provided not only in an image display device, Dimensional stereoscopic image can be viewed even when lying down by realizing binocular parallax not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction. Also, the three-dimensional pixel structure which realizes the feeling of presence more as if the object is shifted according to the viewing angle looking at the screen And a three-dimensional image acquisition and display apparatus using the same.

In recent years, there has been developed a display device capable of realizing a three-dimensional image in response to an increase in users' demands for a display device for displaying more realistic images due to stereoscopic characteristics.

Generally, a stereoscopic image expressing a three-dimensional image is made by the principle of stereo vision through two eyes. Since there is a parallax of about 65 mm in both eyes, a display device capable of displaying stereoscopic images using binocular disparity has been proposed.

To explain the 3D image in a more detailed manner, the left and right eyes facing the display device respectively see two different two-dimensional images. When these two images are transmitted to the brain through the retina, the brain fuses them exactly The depth sense and the real feeling of the three-dimensional image are reproduced. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as stereography.

Techniques presented for displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image in a device having a two-dimensional screen display include a stereoscopic image display by special glasses, a non-stereoscopic stereoscopic image display, and a holographic display method.

The stereoscopic image display system using the double special glasses includes a polarizing glasses system using a vibration direction or a rotation direction of polarized light, a time division spectacle system alternately presenting right and left images while switching between them, Which is the method of concentration difference.

In addition, the non-eye hardened stereoscopic image display system has a parallax barrier system in which an image can be observed through an aperture of a vertical grid shape in front of each image corresponding to the left and right eyes, A lenticular method using a lenticular plate in which cylindrical lenses are arranged in a stripe form, and an integral photography method using a fly-eye lens plate.

In the holographic display method, a three-dimensional stereoscopic image having all the factors such as focus adjustment, binocular parallax, and motion parallax, which are three-dimensional feeling, can be obtained, and it is classified into a laser light reproduction hologram and a white light reproduction hologram.

However, the above-described three-dimensional image display apparatus has the following problems.

In the case of stereoscopic image display using special glasses using polarized light, it is inconvenient to wear glasses. In the case of a non-eye-hardened stereoscopic image display, since the left-eye pixel and the right-eye pixel are distinguished from each other and selectively observed in the left eye and the right eye, the resolution is reduced to half as a whole.

Furthermore, since viewing of the stereoscopic image display is possible only on the front side and the red, green, and blue colors are arranged in a stripe type in the vertical direction, a three-dimensional stereoscopic image is not implemented to the observer in a side lying state.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional image display device capable of viewing three-dimensional stereoscopic images without using special glasses, parallax barriers or lenticular lenses, Structure, and a three-dimensional image acquisition and display apparatus using the same.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional pixel structure capable of realizing a stereoscopic image even in a vertical direction so that a user who is lying sideways can appreciate a three-dimensional stereoscopic image, and a three-dimensional image acquisition and display apparatus using the same.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional pixel structure for realizing a high-quality three-dimensional image by increasing the resolution by not producing separate left-eye images and right-eye images, .

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional image display apparatus including a signal processing unit for providing an image information signal, and a display unit for displaying a three- And a display module, wherein the display module includes: a dome-shaped light guide including a plurality of light output ports; R, G, and B color display devices having two-dimensional image information corresponding to the light output port; And an OLED for emitting light to the color display element.

As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, the following effects can be expected.

First, since the binocular parallax can be applied not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction, the 3D stereoscopic image can be implemented, so that the user can enjoy the stereoscopic image even when lying down.

Second, since the barrier of the mosaic type is not used for applying the parallax of R, G, B for the left eye, and the parallax of R, G, B for the right eye, there is an effect of improving the luminance distribution for each space of R, G and B.

Third, since the object is shifted according to the angle at which the screen is viewed, there is an effect of providing a more realistic three-dimensional stereoscopic image.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1A is a block diagram showing an angle in which an observer observes an actual object with a left eye and a right eye according to the present invention; Fig.
Fig. 1B is a configuration diagram showing the principle in which an object according to the present invention is observed in a left eye, (b) right eye, and (c) eyes in actual.
Fig. 1C is a configuration diagram showing a principle in which an object according to the present invention is observed in (a) a left eye, (b) a right eye, and (c) both eyes in a display plane.
1D is a magnified "T" portion of FIG. 1C.
FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are conceptual views respectively showing display modules of a concave dome-shaped and convex dome-shaped three-dimensional image display device according to the present invention;
3A and 3B are partial perspective views of a light guide constituting a three-dimensional pixel according to the present invention;
3C is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a pixel array and each pixel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3D is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a pixel array in which some overlap according to the present invention; FIG.
4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a display module of a three-dimensional image display device according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a use state diagram of a three-dimensional image display apparatus using a three-dimensional pixel according to the present invention. FIG.
6A to 6D are conceptual diagrams illustrating various pixel structures according to the present invention.
7 is a conceptual diagram of a three-dimensional image acquisition apparatus using three-dimensional pixels according to the present invention.

Brief Description of the Drawings The advantages and features of the present invention, and how to achieve them, will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Is provided to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. The dimensions and relative sizes of layers and regions in the figures may be exaggerated for clarity of illustration. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

Hereinafter, a three-dimensional pixel structure according to the present invention having the above-described structure and a preferred embodiment of a three-dimensional image acquisition and display apparatus using the same will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1A, when an observer observes an object (object) J through a window W with the left eye L and the right eye R, he or she can recognize the object J in three dimensions by binocular disparity have. Since the two eyes are separated from each other, a slight difference occurs between the images of each eye, and the object J can be viewed in three dimensions while determining the distance due to the depth perception called stereo.

Further, even if the observer moves in the x-axis direction and observes the object J, it can be seen in three dimensions. However, the object J is shifted to the right when viewed from the left eye L 'and the right eye R' after the movement as compared with the case of viewing with the left eye L and the right eye R before the movement . This is because the image information of the object (J) observed by the observer has the nature of a vector that is observed differently depending on the direction. On the other hand, when a picture, a photograph, or a two-dimensional image display device is viewed, the object is not seen to be shifted even if the direction is changed.

1B, when a quadrangular object J in black and white is located on a plane (first reference plane) and an object J is observed using the left eye L and the right eye R, 2 reference plane), the image of the object J is formed. The image of the object (J) formed on the brain through the left eye (L) appears black predominantly. Since the right eye R is located on the right side of the left eye L, the image of the object J formed in the brain through the right eye R is The two-dimensional image transmitted to the brain through the left eye (L) and the two-dimensional image transmitted to the brain through the right eye (R) are fused in the brain to form a three-dimensional image (Refer to (c)).

Referring to FIG. 1C, assuming that a display element is provided on the plane (third reference line) of the display device using this principle, each pixel P of the display element provides a three-dimensional image having directionality . Then, it feels three-dimensionally as if the actual object J is positioned behind the third reference line.

1D is an enlarged view of the " T "portion in the binocular of FIG. 1C, and a two-dimensional image having a different direction in each display element of the third reference line is transmitted to the brain through the left eye L and the right eye R, And is reproduced as a three-dimensional image in the brain.

According to the image display apparatus 100 of the present invention (100 of FIG. 4), the observer can see the three-dimensional distance with the distance as if the observer observes the real object J, To be shifted left and right.

2A, 2B, and 4, the 3D image display apparatus 100 includes a signal processing unit (not shown) for providing an image information signal, And a display module 110 for displaying a dimensional image.

The display module 110 in which the three-dimensional image information is displayed is composed of a plurality of pixels P. That is, a plurality of pixels P are arranged in a matrix form in the x-axis and y-axis directions.

In the present invention, the pixel P defines a three-dimensional pixel. That is, the pixel P is a vector having both a direction and a size. The pixel P is composed of a plurality of sub-pixels (for example, P1 to P9, hereinafter referred to as Pn).

The subpixel Pn defines a two-dimensional pixel. It is a scalar with only a size. The subpixel Pn is a two-dimensional pixel composed of red, green, and blue (hereinafter referred to as R, G, and B). Therefore, the two-dimensional pixel has no directionality. Only R, G, and B values are displayed. The subpixel Pn may be composed of CMY (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow), HIS (Hue, Intensity, Saturation) or YUV in addition to R, G and B.

The two-dimensional subpixel Pn has directionality to form one three-dimensional pixel P. Therefore, the three-dimensional pixel P is represented by R, G, and B having directionality. The directionality can be observed as R, G, and B depending on the viewpoint of the same pixel (P). Even if the same pixel P is viewed by the left eye L and the right eye R respectively, the image information to be observed may be different because they have different directions.

For example, a subpixel P4 of R may be observed in the left eye L and a subpixel P3 of G may be observed in the right eye. The one observed in the R subpixel P4 and the G subpixel P3 by monocular parallax can be observed as three-dimensional image information by binocular parallax.

One pixel structure P has a set structure of a plurality of subpixels Pn having different directions.

Each sub-pixel Pn examines one point. When looking at a point, only the image information of the subpixel Pn in the direction of the observer's viewpoint can be observed by the observer. For example, in the left eye L, only one R subpixel P4 is observed. Also in the right eye R, only the image information of the G subpixel P3 in the observer's view direction can be observed. Only one subpixel Pn is not necessarily observed, but one or a neighboring subpixel Pn may be observed depending on the resolution or the distance. Therefore, when one point is viewed in a different direction, the image information of the different subpixels Pn can be observed, and as a result, the three-dimensional pixel P can be implemented according to the direction.

The display module 110 includes a light guide 112, color display elements 116 of R, G, B, and a light source 118.

Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the light guide 112 may have a three-dimensional dome structure such that a plurality of sub-pixels Pn irradiate one point. The cross section may be in the form of an arc. At this time, the dome includes both the concave case (see FIG. 2A) and the convex case (see FIG. 2B). A plurality of subpixels Pn are arranged at regular intervals on the dome surface (or the arc end face), and the image information irradiated from the arranged subpixels Pn is directed to one point. Here, one point may be the center (O) of the dome.

The light guide 112 may include a light output port 114. The light output port 114 may be formed on the pixel surface of the dome structure so that the subpixel Pn faces the center O of the dome. And the optical output port 114 is arranged on the dome surface in the form of a mesh. For example, the subpixel Pn may have a mesh structure in which the subpixels Pn are repeatedly arranged in a triangular, pentagonal, or hexagonal shape such as a dragonfly, a fly eye, or a golf ball. The optical output port 114 is designed to face the center of the dome, and the optical output port 114 can be elongated to a predetermined length so that the optical path is not diffracted as much as possible and has straightness. For example, the optical output port 114 may have a diameter-to-length length of 1:10 or more for the linearity of light.

Referring to FIG. 3C, it can be seen that a plurality of pixels P are arranged in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. At this time, each pixel P may be a mesh structure in which triangles are continuously arranged. As the number of the sub-pixels Pn constituting each pixel P increases, a high-quality three-dimensional image can be provided.

On the other hand, the pixel P array may have a structure in which the independent hemispherical shapes are repeatedly arranged, but as shown in FIG. 3D, the bottom part of the hemisphere is overlapped and only the upper part of the hemisphere is used, You can increase the resolution instead of limiting somewhat.

Each sub-pixel Pn includes R, G, and B color display elements 116 having two-dimensional image information corresponding to the light output port 114.

Each sub-pixel Pn includes a light source 118 that is irradiated to the R, G, and B color display elements 116. The light source 118 may be a single light source in the form of a backlight unit using an LCD or LED, or an independent light source using an OLED. In the present invention, in order to effectively control the optical path and achieve a high resolution, the optical source 118 may be separately installed in correspondence with each optical output port 114, such as an OLED.

Referring again to Figs. 2A, 2B and 4, when the observer looks at the pixel bP, the two-dimensional monocular image outputted from the subpixel bP4 among the pixels bP into the observer's left eye L Dimensional monocular image information (G color value) input from the subpixel bP3 among the pixels bP to the observer's right eye R is input to the observer's right eye R. By the stereo image phenomenon, The two-dimensional monocular image information can be recognized as three-dimensional stereo image information. In the drawing, only some pixels (for example, aP and bP cP) are displayed, but the remaining pixels (for example, dP, eP, and the like are the same.

For example, in the left eye L, a left monocular image (L mono image) is displayed on the screen by monocular parallax, and a right monocular image (R mono image) is displayed on the screen in the right eye R , And a three-dimensional image (LR stereo image) is displayed on the screen by binocular parallax in both eyes (L, R).

On the other hand, when the observer moves in the x-axis direction and looks at the pixel bP, the two-dimensional monocular image information (G color value) emitted from the subpixel bP7 of the pixel bP into the left eye L ' Dimensional monocular image information (B color value) outputted from the subpixel bP6 of the pixel bP into the right eye R 'is input, whereby the two-dimensional monocular image information is converted into three-dimensional stereo image information . ≪ / RTI >

For example, in the left eye L ', a left monocular image (L mono image) is displayed on the screen by monocular parallax, and a right monocular image (R mono image) is displayed on the screen in the right eye , And a three-dimensional image (L'R 'stereo image) is displayed on the screen by the binocular parallax in both eyes (L', R ').

When the observer moves in the x-axis direction in this way, even when the same pixel (bP) is observed, the angle is changed to change the incident subpixel. Therefore, the image information can be changed as a panorama so that the object J is shifted to the right while moving to the left.

This provides a three-dimensional image information in a true sense by providing a stereoscopic effect due to binocular parallax and at the same time recognizing a change in various aspects of an object observed according to an angle and shifting it to the left or right even when viewed with a monocular parallax.

Referring to FIG. 5, an observer can enjoy a three-dimensional stereoscopic image even when lying down.

6A to 6D, it is necessary to increase the number of subpixels Pn in order to realize a higher-quality three-dimensional image as if the actual object J is viewed. The display module 110 including the color display element 116 and the light source 118 can be manufactured as a semiconductor package and mass produced even if the number of the subpixel Pn or the light output port 114 increases. have.

Since the light guide 112 has a dome shape, the color display element 116 corresponding thereto and the display module 110 of the light source 118 also have to bend together and the wafer itself in which each element is patterned Since it is a flat plate, the process becomes complicated. Therefore, in order to perform the patterning process easily through the deposition and etching processes on the wafer, it is arranged on a PCB or a semiconductor substrate which is a flat plate, and the optical output port of the light guide 112 Dimensional stereoscopic image using an optical fiber.

7, a three-dimensional image acquisition apparatus 200 includes a color lens 210 for imaging R, G, and B image information of an object J, (Not shown) that forms a three-dimensional image using a photoelectric conversion signal. The image sensing module 220 includes a light guide 212 for selectively inputting image information of R, G, and B that have passed through the color lens 210 according to a direction and image information of incident R, G, And an image sensor 216 for converting the image signal to a digital image signal. Also, the light guide 212 may have a mesh structure in which the light input port 214 is repeatedly arranged in the form of a dragonfly eye on the surface of the dome. In this case, the dome can be implemented both as concave and convex.

As described above, the present invention provides directionality to two-dimensional R, G, and B sub-pixels of Scala to provide three-dimensional stereoscopic images by changing the three-dimensional R, G, and B pixels of the vector, It can be seen that the object is shifted to add a sense of reality to the technical idea. Many other modifications will be possible to those skilled in the art, within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention.

100: video display device 110: display module
112: optical guide 114: optical output port
116: color display element 118: light source
200: Image acquisition device 210: Color lens
212: light guide 214: optical input port
216: image sensor 220: imaging module

Claims (4)

A signal processing unit for providing an image information signal; And
And a display module driven according to the image information signal to display a three-dimensional image,
The display module includes:
A light guide of a dome structure including a plurality of optical output ports;
R, G, and B color display elements having two-dimensional image information corresponding to the light output ports; And
And an OLED for emitting light to the color display device. The method according to claim 1,
And an optical fiber for guiding light between the light output port and the OLED. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the light output port is arranged in a radial mesh shape on the light guide and has a length to diameter ratio of 1:10 or more for directing light. A color lens for imaging the R, G, and B image information of the object;
An image pickup module for performing photoelectric conversion based on the image information of R, G, and B; And
And an image processor for forming a three-dimensional image using the photoelectric conversion signal,
The imaging module includes:
A light guide for selectively entering the image information of the R, G, B that has passed through the color lens according to the direction; And
And an image sensor for converting the image information of the incident R, G, B into an electric signal,
Wherein the light guide is a mesh structure in which an optical input port is repeatedly arranged in the form of a dragonfly eye on a surface of a dome.

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