KR20140114691A - Switchable And Tunable Mobile Antenna Chip for Advanced LTE Antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

A switchable and tunable mobile antenna chip is disclosed. The switchable and tunable mobile antenna chip of the present invention is a mobile antenna chip connected to an antenna which transmits and receives a signal. A switchable solution of single-pole-n-throw (SPnT) or double-pole-n-throw (DPnT) type which selects a plurality of frequency bands by being connected to the antenna and transmits and receives it, and a tunable solution connected to the antenna in a switchable solution chip are formed in a single antenna chip. The antenna chip compares a signal which is received and transmitted by the antenna in real time with a radiation level or a reception level of a standard antenna and is connected to a main chip and a controller which transmit a control signal to the antenna chip of the switchable solution and the tunable solution to compensate the difference. According the present invention, a single chip capable of having the frequency moving property of the switchable solution and the antenna matching property of the tunable solution can be manufactured.

Description

{Switchable And Tunable Mobile Antenna Chip for Advanced LTE Antenna}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mobile phone antenna chip, and more particularly, to a mobile phone antenna chip capable of being switchable and tunable.

Currently, countries do not enjoy free communication in all countries with one mobile phone due to difference of communication system and difference of communication frequency. However, in the case of a communication system, all communication systems can be implemented in one mobile phone due to the development of technologies such as semiconductor integration. However, in the case of an antenna, it is considered impossible to implement a single mobile phone antenna in which all frequencies are integrated into one frequency. That is, the frequency bands of the currently used mobile phone antennas are separated. In particular, it is recognized that it is impossible to design a frequency of 800 MHz or less, such as LTE 700 MHz, CDMA, GSM850, and GSM900, with one antenna. The reason is that the physical size of the phone can not be as large as the physical size of the antenna.

Nevertheless, in recent years, various communication standards have been established and utilized in order to improve the quality and speed of service. A typical example is LTE (Long Term Evolution). The LTE downlink maximum transmission rate is 100Mbps and the maximum transmission rate of the uplink is 50Mbps, which is regarded as 4th generation communication because it can communicate at 12 times faster than HSDPA of the 3G mobile communication. For this reason, the telecom companies in the world are trying to service it. The wireless interface of LTE is called Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA). More than 40 frequency bands in which the E-UTRA operates are defined according to an uplink frequency and an uplink frequency for each LTE band in 3GPP.

Actually, US company A satisfies mobile bands LTE17 (704 ~ 746MHz), GSM850 (824 ~ 894MHz), GSM900 (880 ~ 960MHz), DCS (1710 ~ 1880MHz) and WCDMA (1920 ~ 2170MHz) The antenna must be designed. Generally, such a design is designed using a harmonic of a radio communication MIMO antenna or a diversity antenna or an antenna.

However, the LTE frequency of A company uses LTE band 17 (uplink: 704 ~ 716 MHz, downlink: 734 ~ 746 MHz). In case of a mobile phone having sufficient space, it is possible to design and install an LTE dedicated antenna. However, it is difficult to place an additional antenna in a small state in a thin state like a current cell phone.

In order to solve such a problem, an active antenna which is an antenna capable of switching recently is used.

However, such an active antenna satisfies a sufficient resonance length of the antenna in a limited space, and there is a limit, and there is a limitation in the movement of the frequency by operating only ON and OFF functions in a low band, , PCS, WCDMA, and the like.

On the other hand, if a mass-produced mobile phone is used for a consumer, the characteristics may be deteriorated due to a physical contact of the consumer, which may cause external interference of the radiation-emitting antenna and fluctuation depending on the surrounding environment. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for tuning of impedance matching of an antenna for improving deteriorated characteristics of a mobile phone, and development of an antenna capable of accommodating multiple bands.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2008-0009256 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0072698 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0077950

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile phone antenna chip capable of frequency switching and simultaneously incorporating a solution capable of impedance tuning into an antenna so that a multi-band frequency band can be realized as a single chip.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a mobile phone antenna chip that can compensate physical deterioration of a mass produced mobile phone antenna characteristic, for example, performance deterioration due to human body contact.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a mobile phone chip capable of overcoming the deteriorated characteristics of mobile phones due to the switchable and tunable solutions according to the physical characteristics of the antenna and the user's environment, which are difficult to integrate all frequencies into one frequency.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mobile phone antenna chip connected to an antenna for transmitting / receiving a signal, the mobile phone antenna chip being connectable to the antenna and transmitting / receiving a plurality of frequency bands, A switchable solution of a single-pole-n-throw (DPnT) or double-pole-n-throw (DPnT) type, and a tunable solution branched from the antenna and a switchable solution chip are formed as one antenna chip, The antenna chip transmits a control signal to the antenna chip of the switchable solution and the tunable solution in order to compare the signal transmitted or received in real time with the radiation level or reception level of the reference antenna and compensate for the difference by the difference. And a controller.

In the present invention, when the switchable solution is a single-pole-n-throw (SPnT), it may further include additional variable capacitors at n output terminals (out).

In the present invention, when the switchable solution chip is DPnT (Double-Pole-n-Throw), one of the double poles is connected to the additional variable capacitor and the additional variable capacitor is connected to the chipset And can be varied by receiving the control signal.

In the present invention, the tunable solution chip may be a circuit composed only of a capacitor, a circuit composed only of an inductor, or a circuit composed of a capacitor and an inductor.

In the present invention, the chipset includes a structure for transmitting data obtained by comparing the RSSI / CQR signals received from an antenna in a main chip to an FPGA chip, which is a controller, and a structure for comparing RSSI / CQR signals received from an antenna A structure in which data is transmitted to a controller chip as a controller or a structure including a controller in a main chip and a structure in which a main chip directly instructs the main chip to compare data of RSSI / CQR signals received from an antenna .

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mobile phone antenna chip connected to an antenna for transmitting and receiving a signal, the mobile phone antenna chip being capable of switching between a plurality of frequency bands, A switchable solution of SPnT (Single-Pole-n-Throw) or DPnT (Double-Pole-n-Throw) type and a tunable solution branched off from the switchable solution chip are formed as one chip, The chip may further include at least one of a resistance element, a field programmable gate array (F-PGA), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a detector, and an algorithm, Is compared with the radiation level or the reception level of the reference antenna and the signal is compensated for by the difference .

In the present invention, the switchable solution and the tunable solution are formed in parallel in a plurality, so that switchable and tunable can be performed for multi-band frequencies in one chip.

According to the present invention, it is possible to fabricate a single chip so that both the frequency movement characteristics of the switchable solution and the antenna matching of the tunable solution can be achieved.

In addition, a single chip can be manufactured so that a cell phone manufactured by each country can be implemented as a single global mobile phone.

In addition, since the cellular phone automatically recognizes the deterioration of characteristics due to human contact as a closed-loop system, it is possible to provide an antenna chip capable of overcoming and improving deterioration of characteristics of a cellular phone.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of a SPDT of a switchable antenna according to the related art and a diode state.
2 is a diagram showing a structure of a general switchable antenna.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an experimental result of an antenna fabricated with the switchable antenna structure of FIG. 2. FIG.
4 is a view showing a structure in which a tunable solution is applied to a general antenna structure.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating return loss when capacitances of capacitors are changed in the structure of an antenna to which the tunable solution of FIG. 4 is applied.
FIG. 6 shows a Smith chart when capacities of capacitors are changed in the structure of an antenna to which the tunable solution of FIG. 4 is applied.
Figure 7 illustrates a circuit for solving the problems of a switchable solution in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a diagram showing the movement of the Smith chart by the inductor and the capacitor when the circuit of FIG. 7 is used.
9 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a closed loop that is a structure of a tunable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of a switchable solution and a tunable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is an operational flowchart of the circuit of Fig. 10; Fig.
12 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a main chip and a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a block diagram of a main chip and a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 14 through 34 illustrate constituent parts formed on one antenna chip according to various embodiments of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 35 shows the implementation of a multi-band frequency on one chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
36 is a view illustrating an antenna having a ground of capacitors in a closed loop system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 37 is a graph showing the results of a simulation using an Advanced Design System (ADS) Simulation Tool to connect several stages of shunt capacitors under a switchable solution, (return loss).
FIG. 38 is a diagram showing a Smith chart and a return loss according to a change of connected capacitors by connecting one shunt capacitor to a feed stage using ADS (Advanced Design System) simulation. FIG.
FIG. 39 is a diagram showing a structure having both a switchable solution and a tunable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention, and an operation method for a reception (RX).
40 is a diagram illustrating a structure having both a switchable solution and a tunable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention and an operation method for transmission (TX).
FIG. 41 is a diagram illustrating frequency shifts when capacitors are connected at the lower stage of a switchable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention to change connected capacitors. FIG.
42 is a diagram illustrating a frequency shift according to a variable of a tunable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
43 is a view showing an antenna having a DP4T in a closed-loop system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
44 is a view showing a structure using a variable capacitor in a DPnT double-pole switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 45 is a view showing an antenna having a DTnT and an additional tunable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention, and an operation method when the RX is operated. FIG.
FIG. 46 is a view showing an operation with DTnT, an antenna having an additional tunable solution, and TX according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

The foregoing objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention suggests a variable switchable solution that integrates all frequencies. In addition, the present invention can compensate for deterioration of characteristics due to a physical contact of a consumer by a tunable solution. In addition, a closed-loop system of a mobile phone is used.

The present invention detects a received value such as RSSI or SQR from a main chip of a mobile phone using a micro-controller or an F-PGA and automatically calculates the received value to provide a switchable solution and a tunable solution (Tunable Solutions) to improve the inherent characteristics of mobile phones degraded by consumer physical contact.

The present invention relates to a variable switchable solution and a tunable solution capable of freely shifting frequencies by connecting capacitors of various stages to a switchable solution in order to overcome the disadvantage of conventional ON / OFF which is a disadvantage of the conventional switchable antenna. In order to improve the performance of the antenna by impedance matching of the characteristic that the characteristic of the consumer is deteriorated due to the physical contact with the user while the mass-produced mobile phone is used by the consumer by changing the impedance of the antenna by a possible capacitor, a variable switchable solution and a tuner Tunable solution to improve the bandwidth of the low band and to improve the degraded performance of the antenna.

Devices such as PIN diodes, which are traditional switching devices in the microwave and millimeter wave bands, suffer from performance degradation, and switch devices with low loss, low power, and excellent linearity characteristics are attracting attention. In addition, single-pole-to-throw (SPDT), such as single-pole-single-throw (SPST) and single-pole-dual- Single-Pole-n-Throw, and SPnT), and double-pole-n-throw (DPnT)

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of a SPDT of a switchable antenna according to the prior art and a diode state.

Referring to FIG. 1, when a signal is transmitted from Port 1 to Port 2, diodes D1 and D4 are turned on and the remaining diodes are turned off. The reason that D4 is turned on is to increase the mutual isolation between the ports because the port 3 (Port 3) is grounded.

2 is a view showing the structure of a general switchable antenna.

Referring to FIG. 2, a switchable antenna generally has one signal source and two grounds. The total length of the antenna radiating part when GND 1 is shorted and GND 2 is opened becomes 'A', and the length of the antenna radiating part when GND 1 is opened and GND 2 is short is 'B'. Therefore, the two frequencies can be selectively used because the length of the radiating part is different. However, in the case of a single-pole-dual-throw (SPDT) switchable antenna, there are only two frequencies to select, and even if space is limited, this becomes even more difficult.

In order to overcome such disadvantages, the present invention proposes an antenna chip in which a switchable solution (SPnT, DPnT) and a tunable solution can be combined with each other on a single chip.

To overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned switchable antenna, a tunable solution and an additional capacitor are proposed as an antenna chip having a ground structure. The selection of additional capacitor ground can be selected by SPnT.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an experimental result of an antenna fabricated by the switchable antenna structure of FIG. 2. FIG.

Referring to FIG. 3, the frequency shifts by 50 MHz depending on which ground is selected. However, this switchable antenna has the disadvantage that only two frequencies can be selected. Therefore, in order to cover various frequency bands, it is necessary to have a number of various selectable cases. As can be seen from the results of FIG. 3, nulls between 850 MHz and 900 MHz can not be covered. A method for compensating for this problem is a tunable solution proposed by the present invention.

4 is a diagram showing a structure in which an impedance tunable solution is applied to a general antenna structure.

Referring to FIG. 4, the tunable solution automatically changes the capacitance value of one capacitor. It has the same effect as a general shunt capacitor.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing return loss when capacitance of a capacitor is changed in the structure of an antenna to which the tunable solution of FIG. 4 is applied, and FIG. 6 is a Smith chart thereof.

5 and 6, when the capacitance of the capacitor is changed to 1.1 pF, 1.5 pF, 1.8 pF, and 2 pF, the frequency shifts to 850 MHz, 870 MHz, 880 MHz, and 890 MHz, As you can see from the Smith chart, the typical shunt capacitor turns clockwise in the admittance seen.

Therefore, combining the tunable solution with the switchable solution has the advantage of using the full range of frequency shifts.

However, as described above, it is necessary to compensate the problems of the switchable solution.

7 shows a circuit for solving the problems of the switchable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7, in order to solve a problem of a switchable solution, a variable capacitor is connected to a series and a shunt, and the inductor is connected to a shunt.

8 is a diagram showing the movement of the Smith chart by the inductor and the capacitor when the circuit of FIG. 7 is used.

Referring to FIG. 8, when the series, the shunt capacitor and the inductor are used simultaneously, the correction range of the frequency on the Smith chart becomes wider and easier.

9 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a closed loop that is a structure of a tunable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 9, the structure of the closed loop can be constituted by a circuit composed only of a capacitor, a circuit composed only of an inductor, and a circuit composed of a capacitor and an inductor. The capacitor may be a variable capacitor and may be varied to a desired capacitance value.

For example, in the case of e, it shows a closed loop form using both series capacitors and shunt capacitors on a Smith chart in the form of a closed loop using a tunable solution.

In the case of ⓖ, it is in the form of a closed loop using series capacitors and respective shunt capacitors and shunt inductors.

The closed loop type using the inductor and the variable capacitor can easily change the frequency because the resonance frequency is freely shifted in the Smith chart.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of a tunable solution and a switchable solution together according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is an operational flowchart of the circuit of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 10, the circuit diagram illustrates an antenna 10 for transmitting and receiving signals, a switchable solution 20 and a tunable solution 30 connected to the antenna, (50) for transmitting a control signal to the switchable solution (20) and the tunable solution (30) in order to compensate for the difference between the main chip (40) do.

11, the antenna receives an RSSI / CQR signal (S1)

The switchable solution and the tunable solution receive the RSSI / CQR signal from the antenna (S2)

The main chip receives the RSSI / CQR from the switch solution and the tunable solution and calculates how much the received signal is different from the RSSI / CQR value of the reference antenna in which the received signal is stored (S3).

If the difference value is 0, the system is maintained (S4). If there is a difference value, the main chip transmits the difference value to the controller (S5)

The controller instructs the switchable solution and the tunable solution the instruction corresponding to the received difference value. (S6) The controller stores each instruction according to the magnitude of the difference value.

The switchable solution and the tunable solution that are commanded are executed according to the instruction.

As a result, the received signal will receive the same RSSI / CQR value as the stored reference antenna. Therefore, the antenna can receive and transmit the best signal in any situation.

12 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a chip and a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 12, the main chip calculates RSSI / CQI signals received from solutions and RSSI / CQI values of reference antennas stored in the main chip in real time.

The calculated value of the main chip is transmitted to the controller through the SPI.

The controller delivers the instructions stored in the central processing unit (CPU) to the respective solutions through the GPIO.

A system in which signals are continuously calculated and processed from the received signals is called a closed-loop system. The present invention provides a broadband active antenna chip in which a switchable solution and a tunable solution are applied to a closed loop system.

FIG. 13 shows embodiments of a main chip and a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 13, a main memory chip such as Qualcomm transmits data obtained by performing a comparison operation on an RSSI / CQR signal received from an antenna to an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). The FPGA will issue the corresponding command to the switchable and / or tunable solution.

(B) transmits the data obtained by comparing the RSSI / CQR signal received from the antenna to the controller chip on the main chip such as Qualcomm. The control chip commands the switchable and tunable solutions to the corresponding commands.

Ⓒ is a structure in which main chip, such as Qualcomm, compares the RSSI / CQR signal received from the antenna and commands the data directly from the main chip.

The present invention is characterized in that the above-mentioned switchable solution, tunable solution, main chip and / or controller are individually or integrally formed into one chip.

In other words, it is possible to fabricate a single chip so that both the frequency movement characteristics of the switchable solution and the antenna matching of the tunable solution can be achieved. Further, a resistance element, an F-PGA, a microcontroller unit (MCU), a detector, and an algorithm can be formed on one antenna chip.

FIGS. 14 through 25 illustrate constituent parts formed on one antenna chip according to various embodiments of the present invention. In these embodiments, the switchable solution SP4T is one embodiment.

FIG. 14 shows that a switchable solution SP4T according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed on one antenna chip.

FIG. 15 shows that a switchable solution SP4T according to an embodiment of the present invention and a shunt capacitor, a shunt capacitor, are formed on one antenna chip.

16 shows that the present invention is a switchable solution SP4T as a temporary example, a shunt capacitor as a tunable solution, and a resistor (50? In the drawing) formed on one antenna chip.

FIG. 17 shows that the present invention forms a switchable solution SP4T according to a temporary example, a shunt capacitor as a tunable solution, an additional capacitor as another tunable solution, and a resistor (50? In the drawing) on one chip.

FIG. 18 shows that the present invention is a switchable solution SP4T according to a temporary example, and a shunt-series capacitor, which is a tunable solution, formed on one antenna chip.

FIG. 19 shows that the present invention is a switchable solution SP4T according to a temporary example, and a shunt capacitor, which is a tunable solution, formed on one antenna chip.

20 shows that the present invention is a switchable solution SP4T, which is a temporal example, a shunt capacitor-shunt capacitor which is a tunable solution, and a resistor (50? In the drawing) formed on one antenna chip.

Fig. 21 is a graph showing the results of the comparison between the SP4T, which is a switchable solution according to a temporary example of the present invention, the shunt-series shunt capacitor of the tunable solution, the resistor (50? In the drawing), and the additional capacitor, .

22 shows that the present invention can be applied to a switchable solution SP4T, a tunable solution, a shunt capacitor, a resistor (50? In the drawing), an additional capacitor as a tunable solution, and an F-PGA Programmable Gate Array) is formed on one antenna chip.

FIG. 23 is a graph showing the relationship between the capacitance of the SP-4T, which is a switchable solution according to the temporary example of the present invention, the shunt-series shunt capacitor of the tunable solution, the resistor (50? In the drawing) Indicates that an MCU (Micro Controller Unit) is formed on one antenna chip.

Fig. 24 is a graph showing the relationship between the SPDT and the shunt capacitance of the SPDT, which is a switchable solution according to a temporary example of the present invention, a shunt capacitor, a shunt capacitor, a resistor (50? In the drawing) A microcontroller unit (MCU), and a detector are formed on one antenna chip. Detector is a detector that measures the intensity of a signal and enables automatic calculation.

FIG. 25 is a graph showing the relationship between the time constant of the present invention and the frequency characteristics of the SP4T, which is a switchable solution according to the temporary example, a shunt capacitor of a tunable solution, a shunt capacitor, a resistor (50? In the drawing), a further tunable solution, A microcontroller unit (MCU), a detector, and an algorithm are formed on one antenna chip. The algorithm is a program for calculating the intensity of the signal received from the detector in the F-PGA and then inputting a value suitable for each device.

Figs. 26 to 34 show constituent parts formed on one antenna chip according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In these embodiments, three switchable solutions SP4T are formed.

FIG. 26 shows that SP4T, which is a three switchable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention, is formed on one antenna chip. Each SP4T is connected to the respective antennas ANT_1, ANT_2 and ANT_3.

FIG. 27 shows that SP4T, which is a three switchable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a shunt capacitor, which is a tunable solution, are formed on one antenna chip.

FIG. 28 shows that the present invention is formed by a single switchable solution SP4T according to a temporary example and a shunt-series capacitor, which is a tunable solution, on one antenna chip.

FIG. 29 shows that the present invention is formed by a single switchable solution SP4T and a tunable solution, a shunt-series shunt capacitor, in one antenna chip according to a temporary example.

FIG. 30 shows that the present invention is formed by a single switchable solution SP4T, a tunable solution, a shunt capacitor, and a resistor (50? In the drawing) formed on one antenna chip.

FIG. 31 is a view showing a case where the present invention is applied to a three-switchable solution SP4T, a tunable solution, a shunt capacitor, a resistor (50? In the drawing), and an F-PGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) Which is formed on the chip.

FIG. 32 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a microcomputer according to the present invention; FIG. 32 is a circuit diagram of a microcomputer according to the present invention; FIG. Which is formed on one antenna chip.

Fig. 33 is a graph showing the relationship between the shunt capacitor and the shunt capacitor in the case where the present invention is applied to the SP4T, which is a switchable solution according to a temporary example, a shunt capacitor, which is a tunable solution, a shunt capacitor, a resistor (50 Ω in the drawing), an F-PGA, a microcontroller unit And a detector is formed on one antenna chip.

FIG. 34 is a graph showing the relationship between the output voltage and the output voltage of the SPDT, which is a switchable solution according to a temporary example of the present invention, a shunt capacitor of a tunable solution, a shunt capacitor, a resistor (50? In the drawing), an F-PGA, a microcontroller unit, a detector, and an algorithm are formed on one antenna chip.

As described above, the present invention can implement a switchable solution and a tunable solution for multi-band frequencies on one chip.

FIG. 35 shows the implementation of a multi-band frequency on one chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 35, a switchable solution capable of selecting a circuit embodied in a conventional PCB or the like as a chip and selecting various frequency bands (GSM 800, GSM 900, PCS, WCDMA, LTE B1 and LTE B2) And a tunable tunable solution

The present invention also applies a switchable solution and a tunable solution to a closed-loop system, in which the signals from the received signals of the antenna are continuously computed and processed.

36 is a view illustrating an antenna having a capacitor ground in a closed loop system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

36, a tunable solution of a signal source is provided for the purpose of addressing, and a switchable solution SP4T is connected to the GND 1 to add another switch output terminal Out1. Out2, Out3, So that capacitors (not shown) can be connected. These additional capacitors are connected to ground, which can be implemented as a single chip.

As described above with reference to FIG. 6, the shunt capacitor rotates the admittance circle of the Smith chart clockwise. 36, when one of the ground GND 2 is short-circuited to the ground and the other ground GND 1 is connected to the capacitors, when the capacitor value changes, the admittance circle of the Smith chart rotates in the clockwise direction, The amount of rotation is not so large, and the circle is rotated clockwise from its place.

37 and 38 show an example in which one shunt capacitor is connected to a signal source using an ADS (Advanced Design System) simulation (simulation tool) as in an antenna-matching, and the other is connected to a ground Chart and return loss.

As shown in the calculated case, the frequency shift is 35 MHz in the case of FIG. 37 where the capacitor is directly connected to the ground, and the frequency shift in case of FIG. 38 in which the capacitor is connected to the signal source by antenna matching is 16 MHz. 37 and Fig. 38, the frequency shift is 41 MHz, which can be expected from the Simulation Tool indirectly, which is much better than with a single shunt ground and shunt capacitor.

FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating a structure having additional capacitors, a tunable solution, and a switchable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention, and an operation method for receiving (RX).

Referring to FIG. 39, when the input signal is received by the antenna, the received input reception level (RSSI / CQR) is applied to the chipset. Here, the chipset is a configuration in which the main chip and the controller are combined as shown in FIG.

② Compares the applied input signal level with the reception level of the reference antenna stored in the chipset and calculates the difference value. For example, if the reception level of the reference antenna is -100 dBm and the actual reception level is -98 dBm, prepare to issue commands to the switchable and tunable solutions to compensate for signals as low as -2 dBm.

③ In chipset, commands to compensate the difference of input signal level are put into tunable solution and switchable solution. For example, a command is given to each solution with data of -2 dBm difference.

Then, in each solution, it is changed to receive the command.

For receive (RX) use this method to receive the real time maximum input signal.

40 is a diagram illustrating a structure having additional capacitors, a tunable solution, and a switchable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention, and an operation method for transmission (TX).

Referring to FIG. 40, the output signal reaches the signaling end and is radiated through the antenna. At this time, the amount of radio waves radiated varies depending on other conditions or situations.

(2) If the level of radiation is applied from the signal source to the chipset, the difference is compared with the radiation signal level of the reference antenna.

③ The chipset commands the switchable solution and the tunable solution to compensate for the level difference.

Then, it is varied by the difference of the output signal levels calculated in each solution.

Therefore, when transmitting (TX), the maximum output signal is emitted in real time by the above-described method.

FIG. 41 is a frequency change according to the length of the pattern GND slot of the antenna between GND1 and GND2 in FIG. 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention, which is determined to have the same meaning as the length change of the antenna. Here, the short length, the middle length, and the long length are the changes in the frequency of the antenna radiator in the same design.

Referring to FIG. 41, it is possible to move up to 198.6 MHz at 1 GHz or less and fully utilize the services provided therebetween.

FIG. 42 is a diagram illustrating a frequency shift according to a variable of a tunable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

Referring to FIG. 42, in FIG. 41, the frequency is varied using a tunable solution when the ground capacitor (GND Cap) = long length and G1cap = 1.2 pF. And frequencies of 693.4 MHz to 706.5 MHz are all available.

Figure 43 is a diagram illustrating an antenna having a DP4T in a closed loop system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 43, a method of selecting one of GND1 and GND2 using a dual switchable device such as DP4T, and the selected ground is connected to a tunable solution. The structure of the chipset and the structure of the tunable solution are the same as in FIGS. 9 and 13. FIG.

The antenna of FIG. 43 is different from the antenna having the ground of capacitors in the closed-loop system of FIG. 36 as follows.

Ⓛ Select only one ground of multiple grounds.

② One selected ground and tunable solution are connected and impedance tuning is possible.

③ The frequency can be changed by changing the ground selection and tunable solution.

44 is a view showing a structure using a dual switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

44, when the selection of the switch 1 (S / W1) and the switch 2 (S / W2) is the output stage 1 Out1 and the output stage 2 Out2, the output stage 1 ) Can use the output desired by the user, and output 2 (Out2) of switch 2 (S / W2) is connected to the additional tunable solution. 44, different additional capacitors are connected to the respective switch output terminals Out1, Out2, Out3, and Out4 of FIG. 36 to change the value of the capacitance to an additional variable capacitor solution.

When an antenna is designed using such a structure, it is advantageous that all low band multiple frequencies can be used by using one antenna.

FIG. 45 is a view showing an antenna having a DTnT and an additional tunable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention and an operation method when the RX is operated. FIG.

Referring to FIG. 45, when the input signal is received by the antenna, the received input reception level (RSSI / CQR) is applied to the chipset.

② The chipset compares the input signal level applied and the reception level of the stored reference antenna to calculate the difference value.

③ In the chipset, a command to select one of n GND is given to the switchable solution according to the calculated value, and the values of the capacitors are applied to the tunable solution and the additional tunable solution.

Therefore, when this method is used for reception (RX), it is possible to receive the real time maximum input signal.

FIG. 46 is a diagram illustrating an operation method of an antenna and TX having a DTnT and an additional tunable solution according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

Referring to FIG. 46, an output signal reaches a signal source and is radiated through an antenna, and a reflected positive level is applied from the signal source to the chipset. At this time, the amount of radio waves radiated varies depending on other conditions or conditions.

② In the chipset, the difference between the radiation level received from the signal source and the radiation level of the stored reference antenna is calculated.

③ Based on the difference value in the chipset, the switchable solution gives a command to select one ground from among several grounds, and adjusts the capacitance value to the additional tunable solution connected to the signal source to the tunable solution and the switchable solution To make it most similar to the state of the reference antenna.

Therefore, when this method is used in TX, the maximum output signal can be emitted in real time.

According to the present invention, the frequency movement characteristics of the switchable solution and the antenna matching of the tunable solution are possible.

Currently, there are so many frequency communication bands in the mobile communication field, and various methods for binding these communication bands into one system have been searched. However, in the current cellular phone system, it is not possible to implement a frequency band of 900 MHz or less with one antenna Do. Especially, it is considered that it is physically difficult to implement a low frequency band of 800MHz or less with one antenna by implementing the LTE system, that is, the 4G system. The present invention can implement an antenna of 900 MHz and a current 700 MHz mobile phone system as a single antenna chip. In addition, after the mass production of the mobile phone, the characteristics of the antenna in which the physical characteristics are deteriorated due to the influence of the human body such as the hand or face of the user are automatically detected as a closed-loop system, You can compensate for the improvement.

10: Antenna 20: Switchable solution
30: tunable solution 40: main chip
50: Controller

Claims (7)

A mobile phone antenna chip connected to an antenna for transmitting and receiving signals,
A single-pole-n-throw (SPnT) or double-pole-n-throw (DPnT) type switchable solution connected to the antenna for selecting and transmitting a plurality of frequency bands, The tunable solution to be branched is formed as one antenna chip,
The antenna chip transmits a control signal to the antenna chip of the switchable solution and the tunable solution in order to compare the signal transmitted or received in real time with the radiation level or the reception level of the reference antenna and compensate for the difference by the difference. And a switchable and tunable mobile phone antenna chip connected to the chip and the controller. The method according to claim 1,
When the switchable solution is SPnT (Single-Pole-n-Throw)
and further includes additional variable capacitors at n output terminals (out) of the mobile phone antenna chip. The method according to claim 1,
When the switchable solution chip is DPnT (Double-Pole-n-Throw)
One of the double-poles is connected to the additional variable capacitor,
Wherein the additional variable capacitor is variable by receiving a control signal by the main chip and the controller. The method according to claim 1,
The tunable solution chip includes:
Wherein the circuit is composed of a circuit composed of only a capacitor, a circuit composed only of an inductor, or a circuit composed of a capacitor and an inductor. The method according to claim 1,
The main chip and the controller,
A structure in which main chip compares data of RSSI / CQR signals received from an antenna to a FPGA chip, which is a controller, and a main chip, which transmits data obtained by comparing and comparing RSSI / CQR signals received from an antenna to a controller chip Or a structure in which a main chip is provided with a controller, and a main chip is provided with a structure in which the main chip directly commands data obtained by comparing and calculating RSSI / CQR signals received from an antenna. Cell phone antenna chip. A mobile phone antenna chip connected to an antenna for transmitting and receiving signals,
A single-pole-n-throw (SPnT) or double-pole-n-throw (DPnT) type switchable solution connected to the antenna for selecting and transmitting a plurality of frequency bands, The tunable solution is formed into one chip,
The antenna chip may further include at least one of a resistance element, a field programmable gate array (F-PGA), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a detector, and an algorithm,
Wherein the antenna chip compares a signal transmitted or received by the antenna in real time with a radiation level or a reception level of a reference antenna and compensates the difference by a difference therebetween. The method according to claim 6,
The switchable solution and the tunable solution are formed in parallel in a plurality of units, and the switchable and tunable solutions are switchable and tunable with respect to multi-band frequencies in one chip.

Images