KR20140106467A - Power saving LED lighting - Google Patents

Abstract

General knowledge about electrical circuits and electrical safety is required to replace an existing fluorescent lamp with an LED lighting lamp. In general, most people do not have the knowledge to modify electrical circuits, and are particularly defenseless against the incidence of a safety accident. The present invention simplifies an installation work by replacing a fluorescent lamp with an LED lighting lamp at a location of the fluorescent lamp without any change of the internal circuit of a fluorescent lamp device. Accordingly, since there is no need to replace the fluorescent lamp with the LED lighting lamp by an expert, the present invention enables people to easily deal with the replacement so that energy can be saved. In particular, power can be intelligently saved and electricity can be efficiently saved through an ON/OFF control by using an additionally mounted sensor for detecting a moving object and according to the brightness of the surrounding. In addition, the present invention can conserve electricity in various ways with convenience that the LED lighting lamp can be easily turned on/off by an infrared remote controller, since it is easy for people to turn off the lighting lamp.

Description

LED light saving light. {Power saving LED lighting}

The present invention relates to an LED lighting lamp or an LED fluorescent lamp capable of saving power by surrounding illuminance and a human body response sensor.

Recently, there have been many researches and efforts for energy saving. In view of the fact that the heat of the LED lighting is very hot, the present invention can be applied to an LED lighting system which has a structure similar to that of a conventional fluorescent lamp, LED lighting.

In the case of conventional fluorescent lamps or electronic fluorescent lamps, power consumption is higher than that of LED lighting, and the life span is short. In the present invention, the LED lighting lamp (fluorescent lamp replacement) of the present invention is installed in a place where a fluorescent lamp is inserted, without requiring the existing user to separately modify the fluorescent lamp circuit (luminaire), without using an existing fluorescent lamp facility, Is used. Accordingly, in the case of an electronic fluorescent lamp, a circuit configuration is provided so that the LED lighting lamp of the present invention can be operated by receiving a high-frequency power source. Further, it is provided a function for detecting the illuminance of the surroundings and for turning on the LED illuminating lamp when the illuminance is lower than a specific illuminance, and for providing an effective function for saving energy by allowing the LED illuminating lamp to operate when a person is present.

Further, in order to save power more efficiently, it is more effective to remove the ballast or the electronic ballast of the conventional fluorescent lamp and directly supply the power. Therefore, it is operated even when direct power is supplied.

Also, in the case of a home, it is often troublesome to get up when sleeping in the late evening hours and to turn off the lights. In the present invention, an infrared remote control sensor is attached to the inside of the LED lighting lamp to turn on / off the LED lighting lamp, and the remote control can be used with various remote controls such as a dedicated remote control, TV, and audio.

In the present invention, some technologies have been used for decades, and these known technologies are combined to form a new invention. First, in the present invention, the LED lighting lamp may have three conditions for receiving a power input in the case of a commercial power supply. There is a way of receiving power input through a conventional ballast, a method of inputting power through an electronic ballast, and a method of receiving a commercial power directly. In the above-described manner, it is necessary to provide means for receiving power, and the means for automatically adjusting or turning on / off the brightness of the LED lamp according to the ambient illuminance is provided. The LED lamp is turned on / OFF ".< / RTI > The technical means and method described above will be described in detail in the detailed description for carrying out the invention.

Energy conservation is a necessity at present at the time when energy consumption is serious as time goes by. However, even if it is not an electric engineer, it is the same as a method of replacing a general fluorescent lamp in the present invention, and the energy saving fluorescent lamp of the present invention can be easily replaced, There is a feature to participate in energy saving.

Figure 1. Full block diagram.
Figure 2. Circuit diagram of a conventional ballast type fluorescent lamp apparatus.
Figure 3. Circuit diagram of electronic ballast type fluorescent lamp apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram for directly supplying commercial AC power of an LED lamp.
Figure 5. Dual bridge rectifier circuit for DC power conversion regardless of electrode terminal direction and power input classification.
Figure 6. Fluid sensor and infrared remote sensor, illuminance detection and LED lamp module.
Figure 7. Dual bridge rectifier circuit.
Figure 8. Semi-dual bridge rectifier circuit.
9. A heat dissipating tube for heat dissipation of a semiconductor switching element.
10. LED lighting tube.
Figure 11. Overall shape of the LED light.
Figure 12. Constant current drive circuit by push-pull switching drive.
Figure 13. Push-pull switching drive drive pulse waveform.
Figure 14. Push-pull switching drive driven pulse time delay waveform.
Figure 15. Voltage drop between DRAIN and SOURCE for FET and COLLECTOR and EMITTER for transistor.
16. The circuit for controlling the current of the electrode terminal corresponding to the heater to constantly output the electronic ballast high-frequency output voltage.
Figure 17. Lighting light power terminal Shock protection circuit.
Figure 18. Disable power factor compensation function.
19. A power circuit capable of operating only an electronic ballast.

The present invention described above is an invention capable of saving energy by replacing a conventional fluorescent lamp with a new one. There are various lighting types such as straight tube fluorescent lamp, U-shaped fluorescent lamp and so on. In the present invention, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to an intaglio fluorescent lamp. In addition, one skilled in the art will recognize that other types of lighting can be easily modified. Therefore, since the gist of the present invention may be blurred, the respective structures of the illumination lamps will not be separately described.

Example 1) Means for converting alternating current to direct current.

The LED is driven by a direct current. Therefore, AC voltage should be converted to DC. Of course, it can be turned on by alternating current, but only when positive current flows. When it is in the reverse direction, it is turned off so that the brightness is considerably decreased and flickering occurs. In the present invention, power input is required in various manners as described above. First, a fluorescent lamp circuit of a conventional ballast type generates a high voltage when the 202 stray lamp circuit shown in FIG. 2 is driven to turn on a fluorescent lamp. The electronic fluorescent lamp generates a high-frequency voltage in the switching elements 301 and 302 as shown in Fig. 3 to turn on the fluorescent lamp. It is natural that the above-mentioned both are supplied with the voltage to the fluorescent light electrode pins. The LED module should be turned on by converting the voltage coming into the fluorescent lamp electrode into DC. However, in the case of the electronic fluorescent lamp as shown in FIG. 3, an alternating voltage of 95 to 160 V and 25 to 75 KHz is generated and supplied to the fluorescent lamp electrode terminal, although conventional fluorescent lamps differ in accordance with the power capacity of the manufacturer and the fluorescent lamp. 220V, 60Hz) AC voltage is supplied to the fluorescent lamp electrode terminal. As shown in FIG. 4, when the direct AC voltage is directly supplied without the ballast, there is no power consumed in the ballast, so that the power efficiency can be maximized. However, in the case of the conventional fluorescent lamp apparatus, it is inconvenient to modify the circuit. However, the present invention is characterized in that all of the power supply is operated by any method.

In the case of an electronic ballast, current control is performed with high-frequency oscillation. If a half-wave rectifying circuit is formed to obtain a DC voltage, the capacitors 306 and 307 in FIG. 3 fail to supply normal power and the possibility that the electronic ballast malfunctions Very high. In the present invention, the full-wave rectifying circuit system is used as shown in Fig. 5, and in particular, the terminal to which the heater current is supplied is in parallel with the electrode terminal of the fluorescent lamp. Therefore, in the present invention, the connection terminals 501 and 502 of FIG. 5 have the same function, and therefore, for example, there is a terminal upper electrode and a lower electrode for one electrode 501. One of the electrodes is a starter tube 202 or a lighting capacitor 305 is attached, and one terminal is adapted to supply electric power to the fluorescent discharge tube. Accordingly, in order to receive power regardless of the terminal connection, the bridge rectifying circuits 503 and 504 are constructed in a dual structure and power is supplied to the smoothing capacitor 505 to obtain a DC power source. Here, the fuses 506 and 507 are connected to the electrode terminal 501, irrespective of the one of the electrodes 501 and 502. If a fuse is attached to each of the electrode terminals 501 and 502 one by one, it is impossible to know which voltage is to be input, so that the fuse attachment may become meaningless. In case of the cathode electrode preheating method of the electronic ballast, electric power is supplied to the heater. Since the operation is controlled by detecting the heater current according to the manufacturer, it is necessary to flow the heater current. This only applies to electronic ballasts. Therefore, a resistance may be applied to both ends of the electrodes 501 and 502, but the resistance has a high heat generation. In the present invention, the impedance elements 508 and 509 are characterized by attaching a capacitor or an element having an inductance component to reduce heat.

An example of a preferred rectifier circuit is shown in Fig. First, since the electronic ballast system is supplied from the electrode terminals 701 and 702 at high frequency power, the fuse 703 and 704 are connected to the power source The high frequency power is separated and combined with the rectifying circuit rectifier 714 to make a DC component by the smoothing capacitor 716. If the power is supplied through the commercial power input method or the conventional stabilizer method, the filter circuits 711, 712, and 713 to make a direct current component by the smoothing capacitor 716. [ The capacitor 711 is used to represent the basic circuit of the filter. In the case of the electronic ballast system, since the AC power is directly supplied, the capacitor 711 is not shown in the circuit but is removed from the filter circuit or the capacitor and the inductance are connected in series to absorb the power of the electronic ballast. . When the power is supplied through the commercial power supply system or the conventional ballast system, the two electrode terminals 701 and 702 can be short-circuited, so that the inductance 705 and 706 are attached The short circuit effect can be obtained at the electrode terminal, so that the rectifier circuit can operate normally regardless of the input terminal of the power source input. In addition, the inductances 705 and 706 also serve to cause the heater circuit to be normally sensed by means of 705 and 706 in order to detect the heater current in the electronic ballast according to the manufacturer. Since the impedance of the inductances 705 and 706 is high in the case of high frequency, the preheating power of the heater cathode of the electronic ballast is not wasted. In the case of commercial power supply or conventional ballast, protection circuit against overvoltage is needed. Although not shown in FIG. 7, an overvoltage (surge voltage) protection element may be attached in parallel with the capacitor 713 to protect against overvoltage. However, when the electronic ballast type power supply is input, the overvoltage protection circuit is built in the electronic ballast, so it will not be necessary to attach it separately. However, if it is inevitably necessary to attach a surge protection element, the effect can be obtained by attaching it to the AC input terminal of the bridge rectification circuit 714. If the basic power supply circuit as shown in FIG. 3 is used, if the overvoltage protection device and the noise filter device are attached, the number of electrode input terminal connection methods is four. By using the above-described method, it is possible to reduce the cost.

In the method shown in FIG. 7, it is preferable to remove the start lighting tube of the conventional fluorescent lamp, and if not used, the fuse connected to the circuit connected to the starter in the fuses 703 and 704 will be broken. This is because when the fuse is first driven, the corresponding fuse is blown and the LED lamp operates. As described above, the fuse of the circuit connected to the starter tube should be disconnected for the first time. In order to solve this inconvenience, a DC conversion circuit of the same type as that of FIG. 8 is provided. 8, an AC voltage is supplied through the electrode terminals 801 and 802, and the electrode a and the electrode a 'of the connection terminal 801 are connected to the fuses 803 and 804, respectively. The inductance filter 805 supplies the heater pre- A high-frequency current is flowed by the filter 805 in order to detect the normal state of the heater circuit. Although the inductance and the capacitor are connected in series in the figure, only the capacitor can be attached to achieve the object. The electrodes b and b 'of the electrode terminal 802 and the filter 807 are connected. The filter 807 functions as the filter 805. Although the inductance and the capacitor are connected in parallel in the figure, the same effect can be obtained even if only the inductance is attached. In addition, the commercial power input has an effect of providing a short-circuiting effect. Therefore, the rectifying diodes 806, 808, and 809 serve as a half bridge rectifying circuit to operate the rectifying circuit irrespective of the direction of the electrode terminal of the fluorescent lamp, and are converted into direct current by the smoothing capacitor 811. In the present invention, when the LED lamp is turned off when the fluid is not sensed for a predetermined time, the current hardly flows. Therefore, in order to prevent the electronic ballast from being operated according to some electronic ballasts, It is possible to consume some weak power. Here, although a resistor is shown in the drawing, it is preferable to attach the semiconductor element in series with the switching semiconductor element so that power is consumed by driving the semiconductor element only when necessary. The purpose of consuming the weak power is to operate the electronic ballast normally so that the microcontroller peripheral circuit of the present invention requires a minimum power supply to operate.

In some cases, it is necessary to operate only the electronic ballast. The rectifier circuits 1909 and 1910 and the 1911 filter are attached by passing only the high frequency power of the electronic ballast through the capacitors 1905, 1906, 1907 and 1908 of FIG. 19 to constitute a rectifying circuit, To drive the LED. If a conventional ballast or a commercial power supply is input, it will not operate, and safety accidents can be prevented.

The LED lamp may be turned on through the PWM current control module when the AC power is converted into DC power. Here, the PWM module may be combined with a microcomputer to generate a PWM signal, or a constant current power source may be constructed using a semiconductor device composed of a dedicated chip. In the present invention, both of them are used more effectively and the stability of the system operation is ensured. In the PWM-dedicated chip, the maximum current is limited so that the LED lamp is supplied with power so that the LED lamp is not supplied by the PWM-dedicated chip more than the maximum current even when the microcomputer control unit is not operated, and the brightness, It is possible to control the PWM current control drive module by changing the duty control signal. The above-described method has an advantage in that when the product is not produced by inserting the relevant parts, it is possible to perform a normal operation even if it is produced without inserting the parts, when the brightness control of the lamp or the multi-

As described above, by using a circuit system for separating the electronic ballast power supply from the commercial power supply or the conventional ballast power supply, the LED can be driven irrespective of the various power input methods and can reduce the number of parts of the circuit. It is a power saving light device.

Example 2) Whole system constitution means of LED fluorescent lamp.

A DC power source is made in a half-duplex or double bridge rectifier circuit 102 capable of full-wave rectification irrespective of the electrode direction through the fluorescent-light electrode terminal 101, the microcomputer constant voltage generator 107 supplies power to the microcomputer, The LED lamp module 111 may be turned on or off by comparing the amount of light detected from the light intensity sensor module 104 with a preset value, and in some cases, the brightness of the LED lamp module may be controlled according to the detected illuminance . Since the current control method is most suitable for driving the LED lamp module, the current data corresponding to the brightness of the lamp is previously stored in the memory in the microcomputer operation and control module, and the PWM current control driving module 108 is controlled according to the LED lamp brightness selection And the PWM signal is generated and controlled by performing arithmetic processing with the data stored in the memory and the DC voltage of the half-duplex or double-bridge rectifying circuit. The filter circuit 109 removes high frequency components and converts the DC voltage into DC, Turn on the LED lamp module. Here, the current is detected from the current detection module and sent to the microcomputer operation and control module, and the current flowing in the LED lamp module is corrected by the microcomputer operation and control module. The LED lamp control modules 112-1 and 112-n are the same as the blocks of the LED lamp control module 112, and the number of blocks may be changed according to LED lighting power (brightness). Although it is shown that current detection and control are separately detected and controlled in the LED block, precise control is not particularly required. Therefore, only the LED lamps may be added in series or in parallel, and the current may be corrected after detecting the entire current.

In order to control the brightness of the lamp, a voltage derived from a half-duplex or double-bridge rectifier circuit (not shown in the figure) is input to the microcomputer operation and control module, and a PWM signal is generated by calculating a necessary current for a voltage. The PWM current control driving module receives the PWM signal and drives the PWM current control driving module to supply power to the LED lamp module. The PWM current control driving module inputs a current from the current detecting module to supply a stable constant current power Correcting the error portion to correct PWM signal generation and outputting the PWM signal, and repeating the correction process to stabilize the constant current driving.

Since the apparatus of the present invention receives various power input, the range of input voltage is very wide. Therefore, in order to increase the power efficiency, it is preferable that the PWM power is driven on the primary side by using a high frequency transformer rather than the booster converter circuit when the PWM is driven, and the current is supplied to the LED lamp by converting to DC voltage on the secondary side.

A power factor correction circuit (PFC) is added to the rectifier circuit for power factor correction at the input of commercial AC power or a conventional ballast power supply, and a power filter for eliminating the high frequency noise generated during PWM driving is added, I can provide the lights. Although there is a method of performing power factor compensation in the rectifier circuit as described above, in the present invention, the power factor is compensated by performing arithmetic processing in the microcomputer control unit. When the current flowing through the LED is made to flow as a constitutional method, the primary DC voltage of the rectifying circuit is in the form of a pulsating current corresponding to twice the power supply frequency. The pulse voltage of the primary DC power source smoothing circuit is calculated from the real time read voltage in the microcomputer control module and the PWM signal is generated in real time in the PWM drive module according to the phase or the duty ratio is adjusted in the PWM drive module, Real-time operation processing to improve the current, or to store the current data corresponding to the phase that has been optimized in advance in the microcomputer memory, to generate the PWM signal in real time in the PWM drive module or to adjust the duty ratio to the PWM drive module to improve the power factor If the brightness of the LED lamp corresponds to the brightness of the LED lamp, the current corresponding to the voltage phase is calculated according to the current ratio with respect to the brightness. And the power factor is improved in the same manner as described above.

(Fluid) of an object or a person, and turns on the LED lamp for a predetermined time and intelligently controls the brightness of each step. As a means for detecting a fluid, it is easy to use various infrared light emitting and receiving infrared diodes, an ultrasonic sensor, a Doppler sensor module, and the like, so that any sensor can be applied to the present invention. Among the above-mentioned sensors, a Doppler type sensor may be effective, but a method of detecting by infrared ray receiving and receiving diode may be used to reduce the production cost of the product. It should be understood that the present sensor system is not limited to the Doppler sensor module and the infrared ray transmit / receive sensor, and various sensors may be used as a means for achieving the above object. If the Doppler sensor module is used, the Doppler sensor module is converted to a voltage according to the movement of the fluid and output. Accordingly, the microcomputer control module monitors the change of the voltage and provides the power to be turned on or off according to the amount of voltage change, or to increase the power efficiency through brightness control. In addition, if an infrared light emitting diode is used, the following operation can be performed. A high frequency current is supplied at regular intervals to the infrared ray emitting diode 105 in order to prevent data collision with the infrared remote controller. In the infrared ray receiving diode, a quantity of light reflected by the infrared ray emitting diode is detected, Amplifies and converts the voltage to a voltage, and detects the movement of the fluid with respect to the voltage change. In the present invention, instead of the infrared light receiving diode described above, the infrared light detecting and communication module 106 filters and amplifies the same to obtain the same effect, converts it into a voltage, and sends it to the microcomputer calculation and control module. In the microcomputer operation and control module, the voltage corresponding to the fluid change is read and the LED lamp module is turned on and off for the predetermined time, or brightness is controlled to increase power efficiency. The infrared detection and communication module may detect not only the movement of the fluid but also the function of receiving the infrared remote control, or may be separately configured. The embodiment related to the remote controller can be described as follows.

It is necessary to be different from the infrared high-frequency signal of the remote controller in order to prevent the infrared signal of the remote controller from being mixed with the infrared signal for detecting the above-mentioned fluid. Therefore, in the present invention, a frequency of an infrared remote controller such as a TV (television) or a front axle is different from an infrared detection frequency for distinguishing a fluid, so that a high frequency filter is formed and separated during reception.

The communication module in the infrared detection and communication module is for receiving data of the infrared remote control and is capable of receiving specific codes so that the LED lamp module can be turned on or off as well as the brightness setting of the LED lamp module, And a simple operation can be performed so that the infrared remote controller can be turned on or off by pressing any button on the infrared remote controller by a simple operation. The infrared remote control data may be stored in advance in a microcomputer memory so that various types of TVs and remote control devices of other companies can be used simultaneously, as well as a dedicated remote controller to be used in the present invention. 1, it is not shown in FIG. 1, but when the remote control signal is detected, the LED lamp for the monitor is driven so that it can be recognized by a person . Examples of the command codes include on, off, bright, dark, timer, and the like.

Although the remote controller may use a dedicated remote controller, various types of remote controllers exist in the house. Rather than a dedicated remote control, the television remote control used in everyday life is always around the user and it will be convenient to use it. Therefore, for example, the power switch of the remote control corresponds to the LED lamp on / off, the sound size UP / DOWN control corresponds to the lamp brightness, and the channel UP / DOWN control corresponds to the off timer. When the data code of the remote controller is received regardless of the remote controller of the manufacturer, the brightness of the LED lamp is controlled in comparison with the stored remote controller data memory, And to execute an instruction that can be turned on and off.

Example 3) Intelligent power saving

The present invention is an LED power saving type illumination, which is one of the main features and provides a purpose of increasing the power saving efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to control the lighting of the lamp, the brightness setting, and the turn-off time according to the ambient illumination change and the number of times the moving object is sensed for a predetermined time by means of intelligent power saving. If the ambient illumination is dark and the moving object has a large number of times of detection, the brightness of the lamp may be bright. If the illuminance is dark and the moving object is small in the number of times of detection, the brightness of the lamp may be slightly lowered. In addition, it is necessary to set the minimum brightness when the illuminance is dark and the moving object can not be detected for a specific time or more. The above conditions can be set in various ways. Accordingly, the microcomputer control unit stores data such as the driving current (brightness) and the light-off time of the lamp corresponding to the illuminance and the number of times of detection of the moving object in advance, and intelligently controls the lamp control to increase the power efficiency as described above .

Example 4) LED constant current drive drive method

We are currently using a number of methods for driving LEDs, but we know that heat from the semiconductor devices of switching drive drives is getting hot. In addition, if the switching element breaks due to the heat, the same phenomenon as a short circuit phenomenon occurs on the power source side, thereby causing a risk of fire. In most cases, the LED BUCK constant-current stabilized power supply method is used. In this case, there is no problem in one fixed voltage. However, according to the present invention, both of the power input method and the commercial power input method of the electronic ballast must be operated, Based on the PL40 standard, the high frequency output voltage is output about 100V. Therefore, there is a difficulty in operating in a wide range from DC 80V to 340V in the first rectifier circuit. The LED BUCK stabilized power supply system is generally configured in series with a DC power output terminal, an LED lamp module and inductance, a switching drive element and a current detection resistor. If the switching element is damaged, a dangerous situation occurs. Particularly, since the circuit configuration is configured in series with the direct-current power supply unit as described above, when a current flows in the driving switching semiconductor, the drain and source In the case of a transistor, a voltage drop occurs between the collector and the emitter due to the inductance characteristic as shown by reference numeral 1501 in FIG. 15, and deterioration occurs in the switching element. Also, there is a problem that a large amount of power loss occurs in the inductance.

In order to solve the problem in the switching drive stage of the LED BUCK constant current stabilization power supply, the present invention is characterized by a series combination of inductance and a capacitor in a drive stage by a push-pull switching scheme as shown in FIG. 12 .

12 shows a PWM drive device as a constant current PWM drive circuit or a PWM drive signal generator 1201 that generates drive pulses at the gate of the push-pull switching drive devices 1203 and 1205 through resistors 1202 and 1204, respectively, GATE1 and GATE2 generate opposite drive pulses and supply them to the switching element. At this time, it is preferable to give a slight delay time to ON when the drive pulses do not collide with each other like 1401 in FIG. 14, and a circuit is formed in series with the primary side of the capacitor 1206 and the high frequency transformer 1207 at the output terminal of the push- And the voltage is induced on the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer. Since 1206 and 1207 have a serial configuration, their positions may be changed. A rectifier diode 1208 and a capacitor 1210 form a secondary DC voltage on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer 1207, and an LED lamp module 1211 is attached to the secondary output voltage. The LED lamp module is composed of a series of resistors in order to detect the current in the LED lamp module due to the constant current driving and transmits the detected current to the current detection input of the PWM driving circuit or the microcomputer operation and control module, The module processes the PWM signal to drive the constant current through the generator. In addition, the microcomputer may control the brightness of the lamp by attaching a general volume to the microcomputer 1212 to adjust the microcurrent, or attaching the electronic volume 1212 to the LED lamp brightness control and transmitting the current to the current control signal 1213 in the microcomputer operation and control module. In the present invention, the brightness of the lamp is controlled or turned on / off by various methods. We think that we can use appropriate method if necessary.

In the present invention, when the power supply of the electronic ballast is inputted, the load current hardly flows when the lamp is turned off, so that the voltage of the rectifying circuit of the present invention becomes extremely high according to the manufacturer of the electronic ballast. The present invention solves the above problem. FIG. 16 is a specific drawing of FIG. 1, showing an apparatus for adjusting the output voltage of the electronic ballast when the lamp is turned off. FIGS. 5, 7 and 8 show currents Capacitors, and inductances to flow current (current, current) in a single or in series or in parallel so that the electronic ballast can operate normally. However, in the present invention, when the lamp is turned off to conserve energy, the output voltage of the electronic ballast is very high as described above. Therefore, it is preferable that the electronic ballast does not output the output voltage. Of course, when the electronic ballast is in no-load condition, the output voltage is repeatedly output for a short time, so that the power required for the microcomputer control circuit of this device can be sufficiently obtained. Also, according to the manufacturer of the electronic ballast, the difference in the output voltage is large, so that the current corresponding to the heater can be adjusted to obtain the required voltage for the output voltage. In the actual electronic ballast, when the voltage is higher than a certain output voltage, the switching drive circuit is temporarily stopped. 3, which is a circuit of an electronic ballast, has a circuit configuration in series with a heater electrode, a switching driver, a transformer 303, a heater, and a capacitor 305. Accordingly, if either of the heater electrodes is disconnected, the switching driver blocks or adjusts the output voltage according to the feedback value of the output voltage. If a lot of current flows through the terminal corresponding to the heater, the output voltage of the electronic ballast will be high. 5, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8 are the same in order to flow the current corresponding to the heater, the impedance elements 508 and 509 in the case of Fig. 5, the impedance elements 705 and 706 in Fig. 7, The current control circuit corresponding to the heater such as (16-A) or (16-B) of Fig. 16 is additionally attached instead of the impedance elements 805 and 807. [ The circuit device of FIG. 16 is attached to the front end of the rectifying circuit 102 of FIG. 1 as a 113 cathode current control and a high-frequency voltage detector. First, (16-A) requires two pieces for flowing a current corresponding to the heater, but since it is the same figure, only one part is shown and described. If only one of the currents corresponding to the heater is controlled, the terminal corresponding to the other heater may be provided with an element having an appropriate impedance. 1601 and 1601 'are connected to a position for flowing a current corresponding to the heater. In this case, a capacitor may be additionally provided so that only a high-frequency current is input though not shown in FIG. A rectifying circuit 1602 and a capacitor 1603 are attached to both ends of the electrode, and are configured in series with a resistor 1604 and a transistor 1605. The resistor is not necessarily limited to a resistor. Depending on the operation method, the resistor 1608 may be short-circuited and connected without a resistor. Alternatively, the resistor may be replaced with an inductance or may be directly or parallelly connected with a resistor. The input terminal current corresponding to the heater electrode can be adjusted according to the bias of the transistor. If the output voltage of the stabilizer is actively controlled, the output voltage of the rectifier circuit of FIGS. 5, 7, To adjust the bias current to adjust the electronic ballast output voltage. If the output voltage of the electronic ballast is high, the bias current is low. If the output voltage of the electronic ballast is low, a stable voltage can be obtained if the bias current is high. In addition, when the bias current is not applied, the electronic ballast intermittently outputs the output voltage.

If the microcomputer is controlled by the microcomputer operation and control module, a D / A converter is attached to the switching or current control module 1606, and the microcomputer operation and control module signal is transmitted to the module control module 1607 to control the bias current. The microcomputer operation and control module detects the output voltage of the electronic ballast in real time and controls the bias current to the transistor so that the output voltage of the electronic ballast can be made constant or the necessary voltage can be outputted.

In the case of (16-B) in FIG. 16, a circuit is additionally attached at the same position as the above-mentioned (16-A), and a current corresponding to the heater can be flowed without using a rectifying circuit at a terminal corresponding to the heater Circuit configuration. An element 1612 composed of a resistor, an inductance or a capacitor having an impedance or a capacitor formed in a single or in series or in parallel and a FET 1611 in series to adjust the bias voltage to GATE so that the impedance changes with respect to the alternating current Thereby controlling the heater current. 1611 'and 1612' also provide a method for adjusting the heater current by varying the impedances of 1612 and 1612 'when the FET switching method is used.

It is necessary to insulate the electrode terminals corresponding to the heaters using the microcomputer in the circuit method of (16-A) and (16-B) The current may be controlled by the PWM method. In the PWM method, the output voltage of the electronic ballast is detected in real time by the microcomputer operation and control module, and the output voltage of the electronic ballast is controlled by the microcomputer and the control module in the control module, And outputs it. (16-B), the circuit is configured so as to be able to perform AC switching because the purpose is to control a high-frequency current corresponding to the above-described heater by a transistor or a FET.

Since the brightness of the LED lamp can be changed from off to the maximum brightness, the voltage fluctuation of the electronic ballast increases, so that the current is adjusted to the electrode terminal corresponding to the heater terminal as described above, So that a voltage can be obtained.

The present invention allows both conventional ballasts, commercial power input systems, and electronic ballasts to operate. Here, the electronic ballast incorporates a power factor correction circuit therein. Therefore, in the conventional ballast and commercial power input method, the power factor is improved by a method known in the art using the diodes 1805, 1806, and 1807 and the capacitors 1803 and 1804 in the valley fill circuit of FIG. 18, It is not necessary to improve the power factor in the case of the electronic ballast by connecting the element 1808 and the diode 1807 connected to the GND in parallel so that the high frequency voltage of the electronic ballast is detected and the function of the power factor improving circuit is turned off by turning on the semiconductor switching element 1808 . Since capacitors 1803 and 1804 are connected in series, the actual capacitance of capacitors is reduced to 1/2. However, when 1808 is turned ON, the capacitor 1803 can be operated as a single capacitor. Therefore, the high frequency output voltage of the electronic ballast can be stabilized more smoothly Can be configured.

In an intuitive LED illumination lamp, there are two pins for the heaters corresponding to the heater terminals 1101-1102 and 1101'-1102 'or 501 and 502, respectively. If 501 is plugged into the socket and the power supply voltage is applied, there is a danger of electric shock due to leakage current in 502. Therefore, the live part should be protected against electric shock. In Fig. 17, the terminals 1701 and 1702 correspond to 501, and when the terminals 1703 and 1704 correspond to 502, a load is formed by the LED drive circuit and the LED module of 1718 in the general circuit. In addition, the 1717 smoothing capacitor has a lower instantaneous impedance for charging. Therefore, if a current is applied to 1101, a current may flow to 1101 ', and an electric shock may occur. If a current is applied to 1101 'by the same method, a current may flow to 1101 and an electric shock may occur. In order to solve this problem, the present invention uses a semiconductor switching circuit of 1710 and 1714 to cut off current flow due to a 1717 capacitor and a 1718 load device. 17 is for controlling the (-) power supply line, but the modification for controlling the (+) power supply line can be easily changed by those skilled in the art. Therefore, an example of controlling only the (-) power supply line will be described in the present invention. In addition, since the present invention operates both the electronic ballast, the magnetic ballast, and the commercial power input system as described above, the dual rectifier circuit is constituted.

First, in order for the LED lamp, which is a load device, to operate normally, the switching elements 1710 and 1714 are turned on to maintain a short circuit with the reverse output power 1719 of the rectifier 1705 and the reverse output power 1720 of the rectifier 1706 Power is supplied.

A bias voltage is required for the switching elements 1710 and 1714 to operate. In the present invention, an electronic ballast, a magnetic ballast, and a rapid start ballast flow the heater current. The electronic ballast and the rapid start type ballast supply voltage to both ends of the heater in order to flow the heater current. In the case of the magnetic ballast, in the present invention, the starter tube does not operate, but the current due to the minute discharge flows to the starter tube. Accordingly, the above-described ballasts are supplied with the voltage through the rectifying elements 1705 and 1706 through the terminals corresponding to the heaters 501 and 502. The bias voltage is applied to the FETs of the 1710 and 1714 switching elements to maintain a short circuit between DRAIN and SOURCE to short-circuit the reverse power lines of 1719 and 1720 to charge the 1717 rectifier capacitor, The LED driving circuit and the LED module of the load device can be turned on. At this time, it is well known that, besides the heater power, the high-voltage power is supplied to the heater-corresponding terminals through the terminals 501 and 502.

If electricity is supplied only to the heater corresponding electrode terminal 501, only the switching element 1710 receives a bias to the FET of the switching element to maintain a shorting effect between the drain and the source, and since bias is not supplied to the FET of the 1714 switching element, The leakage current is blocked by the electrode terminal 502 corresponding to the heater. If electricity is supplied only to the heater corresponding electrode terminal 502, only the switching element 1714 receives a bias to the FET of the switching element to maintain a short-circuiting effect between the drain and the source. Since bias is not supplied to the FET of the 1710 switching element, And the leakage current is cut off by the heater-corresponding electrode terminal 501. [0051] Here, the forward diodes 1715 and 1716 are means for preventing reverse voltage for supplying bias only to the corresponding switching element if power is supplied to only one of the heater-corresponding electrode terminals 501 and 502.

A semiconductor switching circuit such as 1710 and 1714 which can disconnect or short-circuit the LED driving circuit and the LED module, which are the rectifier circuits 1705 and 1706, the 1717 capacitor, and the 1718 load device, with the power supply of the rectifying circuit, The switching circuit detects the power supply from the terminals 501 and 502, and arranges the 1710 and 1714 switching elements in series so that the LED driver circuit and the LED module, which are the 1717 capacitors and the 1718 load devices, are connected to the power supply of the rectifying circuit And if either one or the other of the power supplies is supplied from the terminals 501 and 502, one of the switching circuits 1710 and 1714 is turned OFF and the 1717 capacitor of the rectifying circuit and the LED The driving circuit and the LED module are disconnected from the power supply of the rectifying circuit to leak the electrode terminals of the electrodes 501 and 502 to the terminals that do not supply power Current is able to flow with features that prevent electrical shock.

Normally, when DC voltage is applied to the inductance, a small amount of current flows in the beginning, a large current flows in a certain time, and a current flows in the opposite direction to the capacitor. Since the inductance and the capacitor are connected in series at the switching drive stage using the characteristics of such a component element, the voltage drop between DRAIN and SOURCE in the case of the FET and the collector and emitter in the case of the transistor drops to 0V. It is possible to eliminate the deterioration phenomenon and to prevent the short circuit of the + B power source by the capacitor 1206 even if one of the two push-pull switching elements is broken and short-circuited.

As described above, the primary DC voltage is constituted by the PWM driving module and the push-pull switching drive element. The output of the push-pull switching drive is connected to the capacitor and the high-frequency transformer primary side in series. And converts the DC voltage into a secondary DC voltage through a rectifying element and a smoothing capacitor. The DC voltage is connected in series to the LED lamp module and the current detecting resistor, and the current flowing in the lamp is transmitted to the PWM driving module, So that the current flows constantly.

Example 5) Outline structure of LED lighting.

6 is a view of a structure of an LED lighting fixture. Here, an electrode terminal 601 is disposed to maintain compatibility with a socket of a conventional fluorescent lamp, and an infrared light emitting diode or a Doppler sensor module 602 for detecting a fluid, an infrared light receiving unit 603 for detecting a remote control signal, It is preferable to insert a lens-shaped component in order to widen the receiving angle for the infrared light-receiving diode and the infrared light receiving and remote control signal detection, and the LED lamp 605 is preferably connected in series, parallel or series- Do. Also, it is preferable to dispose the LED lamp in the holder so that the light of the LED lamp does not directly enter the side, or to arrange the sensor on the side so as not to directly receive the light from the LED lamp. And is assembled into a case 606 for attaching the circuit board and the electrodes of the contents to form one LED lighting lamp.

The fluorescent lamp tube for inserting the LED lamp module, the power supply device, the microcomputer controller, and the sensor module as described above into the LED fluorescent tube tube of FIG. 10, the electrode terminal, and the electrode cap, It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be easily applied to a U-shaped fluorescent lamp. Therefore, only the intuitive type will be described. In the present invention, when the power of the PL40 straight tube fluorescent lamp is corresponded to the LED lamp, the power consumption will fall within the range of about 18 W to 23 W. It is confirmed that the switching semiconductor device of the PWM constant current drive device of the power supply for outputting this power does not generate a large amount of heat. However, when it is possible to generate heat depending on the usage environment or conditions, In case of considerable heat, use a metal such as aluminum to make the heat transfer to the outside as well as 903 as well as to make the irregularities of the surface to make the area of contact with air bigger and maximize the heat dissipation effect. The switching semiconductor device of the PWM constant current drive device is brought into contact with the heat sink 905 so that the heat can be transmitted well, a support plate is formed to facilitate close contact with the switching semiconductor device at about 1/3 of the heat radiation pipe, The circuit boards are slidably fitted with 'C' shaped irregularities on both sides as shown in 904. Reference numeral 902 denotes an electrode terminal. Reference numeral 901 denotes a plug which can be coupled with the electrode terminal 903 and is made of an electrically insulating material, thereby facilitating assembly. In addition, a structure that can be inserted into the groove 906 so as to be horizontal with the direction in which the electrode terminal and the circuit board can be fitted is formed. 10 is made of translucent material. In case of white LED lamp, white translucent material and light diffusing material are used to prevent human eyes from being tired, and LED lamp circuit boards 1001 and 1001 ' , And the circuit board can be inserted so that the grooves 904 and 1001 are aligned with each other. Therefore, the groove 906 and the grooves 1001 and 1001 'are formed so as to be easily inserted into the grooves 901 and 1001'. 11 is an external view of the completed LED lamp. As shown in FIG. 11, the electrode terminal 1101 and the heat dissipating tubes 1002 and 1002 'for dissipating heat of the semiconductor output element may be disposed on both sides of the heat dissipating tube. However, Or the like. And a tube 1103 for diffusing the light source of the LED lamp.

If the U-shaped fluorescent lamp apparatus structure is to be fitted, an electrode cap is formed by attaching a cap which can be fitted into the electrode socket structure of the fluorescent lamp apparatus and four electrode terminals on the cap, Like shape of the fluorescent lamp, and a tube for diffusing the electrode stopper and the light source on both sides is easily assembled like the above-described straight tube heat pipe for easy assembly. Here, the tube for diffusing the light source of the 'U' -type LED illumination lamp is not required to be a U-shaped tube, but it is formed in a rectangular shape to fit the size, and a spring structure for fixing the fluorescent lamp to the middle portion of the fluorescent- The LED lighting lamp can be easily fixed so that the LED lighting lamp can be fitted into the spring.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as described above, the present invention can be used by inserting the LED lighting lamp of the present invention without changing the conventional fluorescent lamp apparatus. In addition, energy efficiency will be maximized if the technician removes the conventional ballast or electronic ballast and connects the commercial power directly. In addition, intelligent power control enables energy saving more effectively. Therefore, any method can save energy, so even those who do not have expertise in electricity can easily use it.

Commercial power: 220V, 50 / 60Hz input AC power.
Conventional fluorescent lamp: As shown in Fig. 2, a built-in starter and a ballast are built in, and instantaneous high voltage is generated to light the fluorescent discharge tube and a rapid start stabilizer system.
Electronic fluorescent lamp: As shown in Fig. 3, a method of lighting a fluorescent discharge tube by supplying high-frequency electric power by electronic switching.
PWM current control drive module: to modulate the pulse width to supply power to the LED lamp module in a constant current mode, which includes the ability to control the brightness of the lamp.
LED lamp module: multiple LEDs in series, parallel or series-parallel configuration.
Connection terminals: The electrode terminals 601 in FIG. 6 correspond to a and a 'of 801, and are represented by connection terminals or front-end terminals for connection to a fluorescent lamp socket. A and a' of 801 are represented by electrodes do.

Claims (1)

In LED lights,

As a means for preventing the current from flowing to the opposite electrode terminal when a current is inputted to either one of the two electrode terminals corresponding to the heater,
The heater-corresponding electrode first input terminal and the heater-corresponding electrode second input terminal,

The electrode first input terminal
And a first semiconductor switching circuit including a bias circuit so as to conduct only when a voltage is applied to the first rectifying circuit and the first rectifying circuit,

The electrode second input terminal
And a second semiconductor switching circuit including a bias circuit for conducting only when a voltage is applied to the second rectifying circuit and the second rectifying circuit,

Wherein the first rectifier circuit and the second rectifier circuit are coupled to the first rectifier circuit output terminal and the second rectifier circuit output terminal in forward diodes for reverse bias prevention, respectively.

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