KR20140077280A - Method for packet forwarding and apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Method for packet forwarding and apparatus thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20140077280A
KR20140077280A KR1020120145875A KR20120145875A KR20140077280A KR 20140077280 A KR20140077280 A KR 20140077280A KR 1020120145875 A KR1020120145875 A KR 1020120145875A KR 20120145875 A KR20120145875 A KR 20120145875A KR 20140077280 A KR20140077280 A KR 20140077280A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
packet
path
signature
packet forwarding
router
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020120145875A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
이왕봉
박상길
송호영
Original Assignee
한국전자통신연구원
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Priority to KR1020120145875A priority Critical patent/KR20140077280A/en
Publication of KR20140077280A publication Critical patent/KR20140077280A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/121—Shortest path evaluation by minimising delays

Abstract

A packet forwarding method and apparatus are disclosed. A packet forwarding method includes analyzing a plurality of path characteristics for packet transmission, analyzing a signature of a packet, and, if the signature satisfies a predefined packet characteristic, Determining a path with the smallest transmission delay and transmitting the packet through the path with the smallest transmission delay. Therefore, it is possible to determine an optimal path among the plurality of paths, and to transmit the packet through the determined optimal path.

Description

≪ Desc / Clms Page number 1 > METHOD FOR PACKET FORWARDING AND APPARATUS THEREOF &

The present invention relates to a packet forwarding method and apparatus, and more particularly, to a packet forwarding method and apparatus for forwarding a packet through an optimal path.

Generally, internet protocol based packets are transmitted to a destination via a route determined by a routing protocol. That is, the router determines the next route of the packet based on the routing table, and transmits the packet through the determined route.

According to this method, even when a congestion path occurs due to an increase in traffic, a packet is transmitted through a path according to the routing table without considering such a situation. Therefore, a packet may be transmitted through a congestion path, There is a problem that the overall performance of the network deteriorates.

An object of the present invention is to provide a packet forwarding method for transmitting a packet through an optimal path determined according to a signature of a packet and characteristics of a path.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a packet forwarding apparatus for transmitting a packet through an optimal path determined according to a signature of a packet and a characteristic of a path.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a packet forwarding method including analyzing a plurality of path characteristics for packet transmission, analyzing a signature of a packet, Determining a path having the smallest transmission delay among the plurality of paths based on the plurality of path characteristics, and transmitting the packet through the path with the smallest transmission delay.

According to the present invention, it is possible to determine an optimal path among a plurality of paths based on a signature of a packet (for example, a kind of a packet and the like) and a path characteristic (for example, Lt; / RTI >

In this manner, the overall performance of the network can be improved by transmitting the packets through the optimal path, thereby improving the quality of experience (QOE) of the user.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing a network environment.
2 is a flowchart illustrating a packet forwarding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a block diagram illustrating a packet forwarding apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a block diagram illustrating a packet forwarding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a block diagram illustrating a packet forwarding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail.

It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component. And / or < / RTI > includes any combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, . On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like are used to specify that there is a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component or a combination thereof described in the specification, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the relevant art and are to be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in the present application Do not.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the same reference numerals are used for the same constituent elements in the drawings and redundant explanations for the same constituent elements are omitted.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing a network environment.

1, the network may include at least one router 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, and the terminal 20 and the server 30 may include at least one router 10a, 10b , 10c, and 10d. Reference numerals 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d may denote one of a router, a virtual router, a switch, and a virtual switch.

Here, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet PC, a wireless phone, a mobile phone, a smart phone, and a smart phone, which can communicate with the terminal 20, an e-book reader, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a portable game machine, a navigation device, a digital camera, a digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) player, a digital audio recorder, A digital video player, a digital audio player, a digital picture recorder, a digital picture player, a digital video recorder, and a digital video player.

When the terminal 20 and the server 30 send and receive a packet, the terminal 20 and the server 30 transmit the packet to the first router 10a, the third router 10c and the fourth router 10d The terminal 20 and the server 30 can transmit and receive packets through the first router 10a, the second router 10b and the fourth router 10d (10a? 10b? 10d).

That is, when the first router 10a receives a packet from the terminal 10, the first router 10a can analyze the packet to detect the destination of the packet, and determine the destination of the detected packet and the routing table table to determine the path to transmit the packet. For example, if the path from 10a to 10b is determined to be a path for transmitting a packet from the first router 10a, the packet is transmitted from the first router 10a to the second router 10b via the path 10a → 10b Lt; / RTI >

The second router 10b receiving the packet from the first router 10a can analyze the packet in the same manner as described above to detect the destination of the packet and transmit the packet based on the detected destination of the packet and the routing table The path can be determined. In this case, if the path from 10b to 10d is determined to be a path for transmitting the packet, the packet may be transmitted from the second router 10b to the fourth router 10d through the path 10b → 10d.

On the other hand, if a path from 10a to 10c is determined to be a path for transmitting a packet in the first router 10a, the packet is transmitted from the first router 10a to the third router 10c through the path 10a → 10c .

The third router 10c receiving the packet from the first router 10a can analyze the packet in the same manner as described above to detect the destination of the packet and transmit the packet based on the detected destination of the packet and the routing table The path can be determined. At this time, if the path from 10c to 10d is determined to be a path for transmitting the packet, the packet may be transmitted from the third router 10c to the fourth router 10d through the path 10c → 10d.

The fourth router 10d receiving the packet from the second router 10b or the third router 10c may provide the packet to the server 30. [

2 is a flowchart illustrating a packet forwarding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, a packet forwarding method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes analyzing a plurality of path characteristics for packet transmission (S100), analyzing a signature of a packet (S110) Determining whether the signature of the packet satisfies a predefined packet characteristic (S120); if the signature of the analyzed packet satisfies a predefined packet characteristic, A step of determining a route (S130), and a step of transmitting a packet through the determined optimal route (S140).

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a packet forwarding method comprising: determining a path based on a routing table when a signature of an analyzed packet does not satisfy a predefined packet characteristic (S150) And transmitting the packet (S160).

The packet forwarding method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be performed in the packet forwarding apparatus 40 shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4. The packet forwarding apparatus 40 shown in FIG. 3 and the packet forwarding apparatus 40 shown in FIG. The forwarding device 40 can be viewed in substantially the same configuration.

The packet forwarding device 40 may be located on the routers 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d (see Figure 1) and may be located on the network in a configuration separate from the routers 10a, 10b, 10c, . When the packet forwarding apparatus 40 is located on the network in a configuration different from the routers 10a, 10b, 10c and 10d, the packet forwarding apparatus 40 is configured such that a plurality of routers 10a, 10b, 10c and 10d are formed Lt; / RTI > The specific configuration of the packet forwarding apparatus 40 will be described later with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG.

The packet forwarding apparatus can analyze a plurality of path characteristics for packet transmission (S100). That is, the packet forwarding apparatus can analyze the amount of traffic for a plurality of paths, the degree of packet delay, the degree of connection (i.e., the number of hops to a path), and the like. Here, the packet forwarding apparatus can analyze the amount of traffic, the degree of packet delay, and the degree of connection for a plurality of routes using a known technique.

The packet forwarding apparatus can analyze the signature of the packet (S110). The signature of the packet may include a Media Access Control (MAC) address, an Internet Protocol (IP) address, a PORT number, a packet type, and the like. Here, the type of packet may be a voice packet, a video packet, a text packet, or the like. In other words, the packet forwarding device can analyze the signature of a packet coming into the packet forwarding device, so that it can check where the packet originated, identify the destination of the packet, and check what kind of packet it is .

After analyzing the signature of the packet, the packet forwarding apparatus can determine whether the signature of the packet satisfies the predefined packet characteristic (S120). Here, the predefined packet characteristics may include a source of a packet, a destination of a packet, a kind of a packet, and the like, and a predefined packet characteristic may be set by a user.

For example, the packet forwarding apparatus can determine whether the type of packet analyzed through signature analysis corresponds to a video packet. That is, if the type of packet analyzed through the signature analysis is a video packet, the packet forwarding apparatus can perform steps S130 and S140 to the next step. On the other hand, if the type of packet analyzed through signature analysis is not a video packet, the packet forwarding apparatus can perform steps S150 and S160 as the next step.

On the other hand, the packet forwarding apparatus can determine whether the source (or destination of the packet) of the analyzed packet through the signature analysis corresponds to a server (for example, YouTube, etc.) providing the image service. That is, if the source (or destination) of the packet analyzed through the signature analysis is a server that provides a video service, the packet forwarding apparatus can perform steps S130 and S140 to the next step. On the other hand, if the source (or destination) of the packet analyzed through the signature analysis is not the server providing the image service, the packet forwarding apparatus can perform steps S150 and S160 as the next step.

When the signature of the packet satisfies the predefined packet characteristics, the packet forwarding apparatus can determine an optimal path among the plurality of routes based on the routing table and the route characteristic (S130).

That is, the packet forwarding apparatus can identify a plurality of routes through which a packet can be transmitted using the routing table, determine a route having the smallest packet delay among the plurality of confirmed routes as an optimal route, The optimal path is determined to be the path with the smallest amount of traffic among the plurality of paths and the path with the smallest degree of connection among the plurality of paths confirmed (that is, the path with the smallest number of hops to the final destination) .

For example, if a path A, a path B, and a path C are identified as a path through which a packet can be transmitted as a result of checking through a routing table, a path A has the smallest packet delay, If the path C is the smallest path and the path C has the smallest degree of connection, the packet forwarding apparatus can determine the path A as an optimal path or determine the path B as an optimal path according to a preset reference, or The path C can be determined as an optimal path.

After determining the optimal path based on the routing table and path characteristics, the packet forwarding apparatus can transmit the packet through the optimal path (S140). For example, if the path with the smallest packet delay is determined to be the optimal path, the packet forwarding apparatus can transmit the packet through the path. If the path with the smallest amount of traffic is determined to be the optimal path, The packet forwarding apparatus can transmit the packet through the path when the path having the smallest degree of connection is determined as the optimal path.

If the signature of the packet does not satisfy the predefined packet characteristic, the packet forwarding apparatus can determine the route using the routing table (S150) and transmit the packet through the determined route (S160).

The functions mentioned in each of the blocks shown in Fig. 2 may be performed out of order. For example, the functions mentioned in at least two blocks successively shown may be performed simultaneously or in reverse order.

3 is a block diagram illustrating a packet forwarding apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the packet forwarding apparatus 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a processing unit 41 and a storage unit 42.

The processing unit 41 can analyze a plurality of path characteristics for packet transmission, analyze the signature of the packet, determine whether the signature of the analyzed packet satisfies a predefined packet characteristic, It is possible to determine an optimal path among a plurality of paths based on the routing table and path characteristics, and to transmit the packet through the determined optimal path.

In addition, if the signature of the analyzed packet does not satisfy the predefined packet characteristic, the processing unit 41 can determine the route based on the routing table and transmit the packet through the determined route.

The storage unit 42 may store information processed in the processing unit 41 and information processed in the processing unit 41. [ That is, the storage unit 42 may be a memory and may be a static RAM (SRAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), or the like, which is a volatile memory, (EPROM), an electrically erasable and programmable ROM (EEPROM), a flash memory device, a phase-change RAM (PRAM), a magnetic RAM (MRAM), an RRAM Resistive RAM), and FRAM (Ferroelectric RAM).

The processing unit 41 can analyze a plurality of path characteristics for packet transmission based on the above-described step S100. Specifically, the processing unit 41 can analyze the amount of traffic, the degree of packet delay, and the degree of connection for a plurality of paths. Here, the processing unit 41 can analyze the amount of traffic, the degree of packet delay, the degree of connection, and the like for a plurality of routes using a known technique.

The processing unit 41 can analyze the signature of the packet based on the above-described step S110. Specifically, the processing unit 41 can analyze the signature of a packet coming into the packet forwarding apparatus 40, through which the source of the packet can be identified through the signature analysis, the destination of the packet can be identified , You can see what kind of packet it is.

The processing unit 41 may determine whether the packet signature satisfies a predefined packet characteristic based on the above-described step S120. Here, the predefined packet characteristics may include a source of a packet, a destination of a packet, a kind of a packet, and the like, and a predefined packet characteristic may be set by a user.

Specifically, the processing unit 41 can determine whether the type of the analyzed packet corresponds to the video packet through the signature analysis, determine whether the source of the packet corresponds to the server providing the video service, It is possible to determine whether the destination corresponds to a server that provides a video service.

If the signature of the analyzed packet satisfies the predefined packet characteristic, the processing unit 41 can determine an optimal path among a plurality of paths based on the routing table and the path characteristics based on the step S130 described above, The packet can be transmitted through the optimal path based on the step S140 described with reference to FIG.

Specifically, the processing unit 41 can identify a plurality of routes through which a packet can be transmitted by using the routing table, determine the route with the smallest packet delay among the plurality of routes identified as the optimum route, It is possible to determine a route having the smallest amount of traffic among the plurality of routes and determine an optimal route as the optimal route.

After determining the optimal path based on the routing table and path characteristics, if the path with the smallest packet delay is determined to be the optimal path, the processing unit 41 can transmit the packet through the path, If the optimal path is determined, the processing unit 41 can transmit the packet through the path. If the path having the smallest connection degree is determined to be the optimal path, the processing unit 41 can transmit the packet through the path.

If the signature of the packet does not satisfy the predefined packet characteristic, the processing unit 41 can determine the route using the routing table based on the above-described step S150, and based on the above-described step S160, Packets can be transmitted.

The function performed by the processing unit 41 may be substantially performed by a processor (e.g., a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or the like), and each step shown in FIG. 2 may be performed by the processor.

4 is a block diagram illustrating a packet forwarding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

4, a packet forwarding apparatus 40 according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a path analyzing unit 43, a path control unit 44, and a packet processing unit 45, The packet forwarding apparatus 40 has substantially the same configuration as the packet forwarding apparatus 40 shown in FIG.

The path analyzing unit 43 may analyze a plurality of path characteristics for packet transmission. Specifically, the path analyzer 43 can analyze the amount of traffic, the degree of packet delay, and the degree of connection for a plurality of paths. Here, the path analyzing unit 43 can analyze the amount of traffic, the degree of packet delay, and the degree of connection for a plurality of paths using a known technique.

The path control unit 44 can manage the routing table. That is, the path control unit 44 can continuously update the routing table. The path control unit 44 may be connected to a controller defined in SDN (Software Defined Network).

The packet processor 45 can analyze the signature of the packet and can determine whether the signature of the analyzed packet satisfies a predefined packet characteristic and if the signature of the analyzed packet satisfies the predefined packet characteristic, It is possible to determine an optimal path among a plurality of paths based on the routing table and path characteristics, and to transmit the packet through the determined optimal path.

Also, if the signature of the analyzed packet does not satisfy the predefined packet characteristic, the packet processing unit 45 can determine the route based on the routing table and transmit the packet through the determined route.

The functions performed by the path analyzing unit 43, the path control unit 44 and the packet processing unit 45 may be substantially performed by a processor (e.g., a CPU or the like), and each step shown in FIG. Lt; / RTI >

The path analysis unit 43, the path control unit 44, and the packet processing unit 45 may be implemented as one single type, one physical device, or one module. In addition, the path analysis unit 43, the path control unit 44, and the packet processing unit 45 may be implemented as a plurality of physical devices or groups, respectively, rather than one physical device or group.

5 is a block diagram illustrating a packet forwarding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

5, a packet forwarding apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes standard hardware 50, open stack shared services 60, and an application 70 And the open stack sharing service 60 may include a computer resource 61, a networking resource 62 and a storage resource 63.

The packet forwarding method described with reference to FIG. 2 may be performed through the application 70. The packet forwarding method can be realized by the network service of the cloud service shown in FIG. That is, the packet forwarding method can be realized by realizing the virtual network service with the Web connector.

Here, the open stack may mean a cloud OS (Operating System) that manages hardware resources, and the open stack may manage computer resources 61, networking resources 62, and storage resources 63. In addition, the shared resources can be controlled and managed through the API provided by the open stack. Standard hardware 50 may refer to generic general purpose hardware.

A virtual instance can be created to implement the web connector, for example, a virtual network instance, a path analysis instance, a path control instance, a packet processing instance, and the like. Packets can be ingress into the web connector through the hardware provided by the cloud, and packets processed by the web connector can be egressed through the hardware provided by the cloud.

The path control instance may be connected to an external SDN controller to transmit / receive new path information, and the path information may include information for distinguishing the virtual network information and the flow.

An external SDN controller can configure a variety of virtual networks using switches (or routers). The path control instance can set various paths based on the information set by the external SDN controller. On the other hand, when using a conventional non-SDN switch / router, the path control instance can set various paths based on the existing routing information. The packet processing instance of the Web connector can forward packets using this route information.

The methods according to the present invention can be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed through various computer means and recorded on a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the computer readable medium may be those specially designed and constructed for the present invention or may be available to those skilled in the computer software. Examples of computer readable media include hardware devices that are specially configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those generated by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate with at least one software module to perform the operations of the present invention, and vice versa.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It will be possible.

40: Packet forwarding device
41:
42:
43: path analysis section
44:
45: Packet processing section

Claims (1)

A packet forwarding method performed in a packet forwarding apparatus,
Analyzing a plurality of path characteristics for packet transmission;
Analyzing a signature of the packet;
Determining a path having the smallest transmission delay among the plurality of paths based on the plurality of path characteristics when the signature satisfies a predefined packet characteristic; And
And transmitting the packet through the path having the smallest transmission delay.
KR1020120145875A 2012-12-14 2012-12-14 Method for packet forwarding and apparatus thereof KR20140077280A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160072002A (en) 2014-12-12 2016-06-22 주식회사 케이티 System and method for optimal path computation on software defined networking

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160072002A (en) 2014-12-12 2016-06-22 주식회사 케이티 System and method for optimal path computation on software defined networking

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