KR20140019441A - Facade element - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a facade element (1) which enables air circulation between at least one room (40) interior (I) and an exterior (O) of a building having at least one wall (55). The facade element comprises a wall opening arranged in a wall, a filter element 30 arranged in at least a portion of the wall opening, at least one movable shutter 10 arranged outside of the building and movable at least between the open and closed positions. The shutter 10 is arranged between the filter element 30 and the exterior of the building in the closed position and next to the filter element 30 in the open position.

Description

Facade element {FACADE ELEMENT}

The present invention relates to a facade element designed to enable air circulation between at least one room interior and an exterior of a building having at least one wall, the facade element being a wall opening and a wall opening arranged in the wall. It includes filter elements arranged in at least part of the part.

In many residential buildings, small air inlet systems arranged in window frames or walls are well known. Their openings can provide the minimum rate of air circulation required between the interior and exterior of the building's room. This minimum air circulation rate may be sufficient to prevent mold risk and to avoid too high internal carbon dioxide concentrations. Known air injection systems may include a filter element that provides for the filtering of air pollution or dust. However, comfortable air quality is not guaranteed.

A disadvantage of these known air injection systems is that the flow of air is actually limited, so that air injection systems are not suitable for ensuring the quality and temperature comfort of the internal air under all conditions such as summer. Thus, additional air conditioning or ventilation systems are needed. Central ventilation systems can provide mixed air to provide ventilation, heating, and cooling. However, these systems generally have low user demand due to the fact that they are very limited in controlling air flow personally. The simple ventilation system is replaced by windows that can be opened and closed by the user's operation. However, skyscrapers are subject to very high wind loads on the facade. Thus, window ventilation is very limited in these buildings.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a ventilation system which ensures the comfort of temperature and the quality of the internal air and the high demand of the user without being affected by the external weather.

The invention will be limited only by the scope of the claims disclosed herein.

According to the invention, a facade element is disclosed that is designed to enable circulation of air between at least one room interior and an exterior of a building having at least one wall, the facade element being arranged on a wall A wall opening, a filter element arranged at least partially on at least a portion of the wall opening, at least one movable shutter arranged outside the building and movable at least between the open and closed positions Wherein the shutter is arranged between the filter element and the exterior of the building in the closed position and next to the filter element in the open position.

In an embodiment of the invention, the facade element used in the building is disclosed to enable the flow of air from the outside into the room or vice versa. The facade element can be designed to provide any of sound attenuation, air pollution filtering, odor filtering or dust filtering. In some embodiments, the filter element may provide users with enhanced comfort inside the room.

The optional filter element is at least partially arranged at least in part of the wall opening. Wall openings may be formed in the wall during construction of the building. In other embodiments of the invention, some of the walls of the existing building can be removed to form wall openings. In still other embodiments of the invention, the wall opening is partly used for the filter element and the air duct and partly used for a general window having a fixed or movable glazing. Can be.

The cross section of the filter element and / or the air duct can be designed according to the planned rate of air circulation. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the filter element may be a value between ² 4m at 0.25m ^2. In some embodiments, each room is arranged with a single wall opening and a single corresponding filter element. In other embodiments of the invention, the plurality of wall openings together with the corresponding filter elements contribute to a single room air circulation. In some embodiments, the number of filter elements and wall openings may be between 1 and 10 per room.

The rate of air circulation and thus the maximum air velocity inside the room can be adjusted by the user through a movable shutter. In some embodiments of the invention, the shutter may be arranged inside the room with a filter element, an optional air duct coupled to an outer opening in the filter element, or may be arranged outside the building. The shutter can move at least between the open position and the closed position. In the closed position, the shutter limits air circulation by increasing the flow resistance of the air through the filter element. In some embodiments of the invention, the shutter may be arranged adjacent to the filter element to prevent air passage through the filter element into the room.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the shutter may be spaced from the filter element in its closed position, thereby limiting without completely blocking the flow of air through the filter element into the room.

In the open position, as the shutter is arranged next to the filter element, the air flow from the outside to the interior of the room is no less than when limited by the shutter, or in some embodiments does not limit it at all.

In some embodiments of the invention, the facade element can provide a high rate of air circulation to provide a high elevated air speed into the room. High rising air velocities can be used to increase the maximum acceptable temperature. Thus, the facade element can provide a positive effect of temperature comfort even in hot and humid climates. By the filter element, air pollution and noise inside the building can be reduced compared to normal window ventilation. As the maximum allowable temperature increases, cooling energy may be saved in some embodiments. As the outside air can enter the room through the facade elements by changing winds, the energy consumption used for communication can be minimized.

In some embodiments, the facade element includes an additional rain protection device that permeates air and prevents the filter element from being wetted by rain. The unprotected device may comprise at least one louver in some embodiments. In other embodiments of the present invention, the non-protective device may comprise a grid or protruding porch. Rain protection devices can be designed to enable a high rate of air circulation while preventing rain from affecting the filter element or entering the room even in the event of heavy rain. Thus, high air circulation rates and improved temperature comfort can be achieved even in bad weather conditions. In some embodiments of the invention, the non-protective device may be designed to produce a good aesthetic appearance of the building.

In some embodiments of the invention, the non-protective device can move at least between the open and closed positions. In this specification, the open position of the non-protective device may enable higher air circulation rates. In the open position, small amounts of rainwater, dew, or snow can enter the air duct and reach the filter element and / or the interior of the room. The closed position of the non-protective device prevents rain from entering the air ducts, filter elements or rooms, while still allowing some air circulation between the interior of the room and the exterior of the building, allowing users in the building or occupants in the room to provide improved comfort. I can still feel it.

In some embodiments of the invention, the shutter may comprise at least one window pane. Such window glass can show the exterior of a typical glass architecture of a building. In addition, the shutter can be moved forward of the window in the open position without disturbing the user's field of view. Thus, the proportion of the total surface area of the facade that can be used for building ventilation can be maximized.

In some embodiments of the invention, the shutter is installed to slide on at least one track. The tracks can be arranged horizontally or vertically on the facade. This embodiment can enable smooth operation and small areas to be exposed to the wind. Thus, this embodiment is not limited to the present application, and may be particularly useful for high-rise users of skyscrapers.

In some embodiments of the invention, the shutter is swiveled with respect to pivots arranged outside of the facade. In this embodiment, the shutter can swing from the open to the closed position. In the open position, the shutter can be stowed flat on the facade, ie the open and closed positions are spaced approximately 180 ° apart. In other embodiments of the invention, the shutter may protrude from the facade in the open position, ie form an air duct or airflow delfection vane.

In some embodiments of the invention, the facade element further comprises at least one window and a sun protection device positioned in front of the window. In this configuration, the shutter can be used to cover the sun protection device in its open position, so that the sun protection device is hidden from the wind. This allows the interior of the building to be shielded from direct sunlight, even in bad weather conditions with strong winds that generally affect the lifespan or ability of known sun protection devices.

In some embodiments of the invention, the sun protection device is movable at least between the open position and the closed position. When the user closes the shutter to block air flow into the room, the sun protection device is affected by the changing wind. In this case, the sunlight hobo device can be rolled up or folded in the open position to prevent the device from breaking. On the other hand, the sun protection device can be removed from the window when the interior of the room is not heated by direct sunlight in cloudy weather conditions.

In some embodiments of the invention, the filter layer may comprise any of activated carbon, paper, non-woven fabric or at least one expanded-metal grid. The filter element may be made from at least one flat layer, or may be formed from at least one folded layer that may provide a higher surface area. The filter element comprises a plurality of filter layers. The filter element can remove strong odors from gaseous pollutants such as dust or carbon monoxide, or air entering the room.

In some embodiments of the invention, the facade element further comprises an inner cover which permeates air and is arranged between the filter element and the interior of the room. This feature allows the filter element to be hidden from the user's field of view inside the room so that the interior walls of the room can be designed according to the user's preferences. The cover may be designed to prevent the filter layer from being touched or broken by user action.

In some embodiments of the invention, the inner cover comprises at least one gypsum plaster board, at least one nonwoven fabric, at least one metal sheet or wood. In some embodiments, the inner cover includes a plurality of ventilation bores. Vented bores may be covered by a fabric in some embodiments. This allows sufficient air flow and multiple design options to enter the room through the interior cover, such that the facade element or part thereof is hidden from the user's field of view, ie the interior wall of the room has a general appearance.

In some embodiments of the invention, a fan or exhauster can operate inside a building to draw outside air into the room. This feature ensures a constant air flow independent of outside winds.

In some embodiments of the invention, the facade element may comprise an additional control device designed to control the position of at least one shutter and / or the position of an optional unprotected device. In some embodiments, the control device allows the facade element to operate fully automatically. In other embodiments, the facade element may result in a safe operating condition at high wind speeds or high precipitation. The control device can include any of fuzzy logic, neural network, or characteristic map.

Are included herein.

Figure 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional view according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 shows a horizontal cross sectional view according to an embodiment of the invention with a shutter in a closed position.
3 shows a horizontal sectional view according to the embodiment of FIG. 2 with the shutter in the open position.

The following detailed description is illustrative embodiments of various aspects of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the descriptions provided herein are for the purpose of describing exemplary embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

1 shows a vertical cross sectional view of an embodiment of the invention. In the central part of FIG. 1, a slab 50 of the building is shown. The slab 50 may be made from steel-reinforced concrete, steel or wood. The slab 50 is combined with the inner and / or outer walls 55 to form the main structure of the building.

In the interior I of the building, at least one room 40 is provided. The room is surrounded by at least a wall 55 and a slab 50. The wall 55 includes at least one wall opening 550 that engages the interior I of the building with the exterior O of the building. The facade element 1 according to the invention is arranged at least partly in the wall opening 550.

The facade element 1 comprises at least one filter element 30. The filter element 30 may have a width in the range of approximately 20 cm to 500 cm and a height of approximately 20 cm to 2.5 m. The filter element may have a surface area of 3m ² eseo 0.25m ^2. Room 40 may have one or more filter elements 30. The filter elements 30 increase the maximum possible temperature inside the room and provide outside air at high elevated air speeds and high air circulation rates that provide users with comfortable internal air even in hot and humid climates. It is designed to guide inside the room 40.

The filter element 30 comprises at least one filter layer 303 which can comprise any of activated carbon, paper, non-woven fabric or expanded-metal grid. . The filter layer 303 may include a single layer or a plurality of layers arranged in parallel and adjacent to each other. The plurality of layers may be composed of the same material, or may be composed of different materials. Each layer may be flat or folded to increase its surface area.

The filter layer 303 may be designed to filter out any of external noise, air pollution, dust or odors.

In order to provide a small and neat appearance of the filter element 30, the filter element 30 may include an optional inner cover 302. The inner sheath can penetrate air and is arranged between the filter layer 303 and the interior I of the room. The cover 302 can be designed according to the preferences of the user or the resident of the room 40. That is, the cover 302 may be designed in a different color from other materials or covered with a canvas. In some embodiments, the inner sheath 302 is made of any of gypsum plaster board, steel mesh, nonwoven or wood. If the inner sheath 302 is a naturally sealed material, it may include a plurality of ventilation bores that allow air leaving the filter layer 303 to enter the interior I of the room 40 or vice versa. have.

Filter element 30 may include an additional non-protective device 20 in some embodiments. The non-protective device 20 may include a plurality of louvers that allow air from the outside to pass through the non-protective device 20. In some embodiments, the rain protection device 20 is designed to protect the filter layer 303 at least partially from rain, dew, or snow to prevent the filter layer 303 from being wetted by water. This feature prevents the filter layer 303 from being affected by the fungus.

In some embodiments of the invention, the rain protection device 20 is movable to provide better protection from rain or snow even with reduced air flow, or to allow increased air flow while reducing rain protection. In order to do so, the louver can be moved from at least an open position to a closed position. The non-protective device 20 can be controlled automatically by, for example, a weather forecast or measured precipitation, with or without the user's action.

In some embodiments, the filter element 30 is connected to the wall opening 550 by a coupling element 304, which can provide air sealing and / or insulation between the wall 55 and the filter element 30. It is fixed. In addition, the coupling element 304 may comprise a quick release to allow easy replacement of the filter element 30, thereby simplifying maintenance of the facade element.

Outside O of filter element 30, a movable shutter 10 is provided that can be used to adjust the amount of air entering the room 40. In the illustrated embodiment, the shutter 10 includes a first window glass 101 and a second window glass 102 that are spaced apart from each other and define a gap 103. This arrangement can provide improved insulation, which reduces energy consumption in winter.

The shutter 10 is guided to the lower rail 104 and the upper rail 105 which are arranged substantially horizontally on the exterior O of the building. Thus, the shutter is installed to slide and can be moved from the open position next to the filter element to the closed position before the filter element.

1 also shows an optional thermal insulation element 504 that includes an expanded rigid, such as polyurethane foam, and is designed to reduce heat loss through the slab 50. The facade may also include decorative elements 503 that provide a modern appearance of the facade. In order for the insulating element 504 and the decorative element 503 to affect precipitation, a sealing base 501 can be provided which can be made of sheet metal, for example an aluminum alloy.

2 and 3 show a horizontal cross-sectional view according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure shows a part of the wall 55 in which the interior I of the building is separated from the exterior O. Wall 55 includes wall opening 550. Within the wall opening 550, the windows 15 are arranged so that the user can see the outside of the room and natural light enters the room. The window comprises fixed glass in some embodiments. In another embodiment, the window is movable and can be opened by the user.

Adjacent to the window 15 and the wall 55, a first filter element 30a and a second filter element 30b are arranged. The internal structure of the filter elements 30 is disclosed in more detail in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first shutter 10a is arranged spaced in front of the first filter element 30a and the second shutter 10b is arranged spaced in front of the second filter element 30b. The filter elements 30 and the shutters 10 form a gap 11. When the venting element 70 is in the open position, the outside air is heated by sunlight radiation passing through the shutter 10, which may enter the gap 11 and include at least one window glass. The heated air 60 may enter the room through the filter element 30. Thus, the arrangement shown in FIG. 2 enables proper air circulation between the interior and exterior of the building, and can be used to raise the internal temperature using solar energy on cold days with a moderate or cold outside temperature.

In a covered and humid climate, such as summer, the shutters 10a, 10b may slide to the open position as shown in FIG. This allows a higher flow of outside air 60 to enter the room through filter elements 30a and 30b. This high rising air velocity can lower the temperature of the room, or increase the maximum allowable temperature inside the room. If the internal air temperature is higher than the external temperature due to the internal high heat or during the night, high air circulation rate can improve energy efficiency and lower the internal temperature of the building without the need for energy consuming air conditioning system. .

Shutters 10a, 10b are arranged in front of window 15 in the open position. As the shutters 10 comprise at least one window glass, the view through the window 15 is not obstructed. If the user wants to hide the room from direct sunlight, an optional sun protection device 25 is arranged in the gap between the window 15 and the shutter 10. The sun protection device may comprise a plate of fabrics or louvers made of wood or metal for reflecting direct sunlight and for causing the reflected light to enter the room for illumination purposes. As the sun protection device is protected by the shutters 10a, 10b, the sun protection device 25 is not affected by high wind speeds. Therefore, it can be masked even in a high rise building.

The present invention has described the form of functional elements. Such elements will be apparent to those skilled in the art and will be understood by other embodiments. These elements can be combined in different ways. In some embodiments, parts of the proposed control device may also be combined into a program for a single part, a single assembly or a data processing device, for example. The present invention does not depend on the facts described in the specific examples.

While the invention has been described in accordance with various embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but variations and selections may be made within the scope of the claimed claims. Therefore, it is not intended to be limited to what is shown herein, but only by the claims and their equivalents, the invention will be defined.

Claims (17)

As a facade element 1 designed to allow air circulation between the interior O of at least one room 40 and the exterior O of a building having at least one wall 55,
A wall opening 550 arranged in the wall;
A filter element 30 arranged in at least a portion of the wall opening 550; And
At least one movable shutter (10) arranged at the exterior (O) of the building and capable of moving between at least an open position and a closed position; Including;
The shutter 10 is arranged between the filter element 30 and the exterior O of the building in the closed position,
A shutter element is arranged next to the filter element 30 in the open position. The method of claim 1,
Facade element further comprising a non-protective device (20) designed to penetrate the air (60) and prevent the filter element from being wetted by rain. 3. The method of claim 2,
The non-protective device 20 comprises at least one louver. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The non-protective device 20 is a facade element that is movable at least between the open and closed positions. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Shutter 10 is a facade element comprising a window glass. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The shutter element is mounted on at least one track (104, 105). 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The shutter is a facade element that swives about pivots arranged on the exterior O of the facade. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Facade element further comprising at least one window (15) arranged in a portion of the wall opening (550). The method of claim 8,
The shutter element is at least partially arranged between the window 15 and the outside of the building in the open position. 10. The method according to claim 8 or 9,
Facade element further comprising a sun protection device positioned in front of the window. 11. The method of claim 10,
The sun protection device is a facade element arranged between the window 15 and the shutter 10 when the shutter 10 is in the open position. The method of claim 10 or 11,
The sun protection device is a facade element that is movable at least between an open position and a closed position. 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
The filter element is a facade element comprising any of activated carbon, paper, non-woven fabric or expanded-metal grid. 14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
Facade element that penetrates air (60) and includes an additional inner cover (302) arranged between the filter layer (303) and the interior of the room (I). 15. The method of claim 14,
The inner cover 302 is a facade element comprising any of gypsum plaster board, metal sheet, expanded-metal grid, woven fabric, or wood. 16. The method according to claim 14 or 15,
The inner cover 302 includes a facade element that includes a plurality of ventilation bores. 17. The method of claim 16,
Vented bores are facade elements covered by a fabric.

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