KR20140016104A - Passive safety system using small safe guard vessel and integral reactor having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a passive safety system and an integrated reactor having the same which include: a reactor vessel of the integrated reactor; a safe guard vessel formed to enclose the reactor vessel at the predetermined regular intervals to be able to fill in the space between the reactor vessel and itself, when an accident of coolant loss occurs, with a coolant; at least one connecting portion including a hollow portion and connected to a steam generator inside the reactor vessel; and a cover for the connecting portion formed to enclose the hollow portion, and installed to be able to open and close a safety protection container in order to enable the maintenance of the steam generator through the hollow portion from the external of the safety protection container.

Description

Intermediate reactor with small safety protective container and integrated reactor with same {PASSIVE SAFETY SYSTEM USING SMALL SAFE GUARD VESSEL AND INTEGRAL REACTOR HAVING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a bloodborne system for maintaining core water level in a passive manner in the event of a loss of coolant and an integral reactor having the same.

Integral reactors are equipped with main equipment (eg steam generators, pressurizers, pumps, etc.) inside the reactor vessel (RV), so there is no large pipeline for connecting these main equipment. In addition, the pipes of chemical and volume control systems, static cooling systems, and safety injection systems, which are connected to the reactor vessel of the integrated reactor, are small and are mostly located at the top of the reactor. Therefore, in the event of loss of coolant accident (LOCA), the split reactor is rapidly lost due to the rapid loss of coolant, whereas the pressure and water level are rapidly reduced. Because of the high pressure of the reactor, it is difficult to inject cooling water into the reactor using natural forces such as gravity.

In accordance with these characteristics, the integrated reactor is equipped with a safety guard vessel (SGV) to reduce the flow rate in case of loss of the coolant, and to inject the coolant into the reactor by using the back pressure and head of the pressurized injection tank or safety protection vessel. Adopted the concept of maintaining the water level. However, the conventional safety protective container is large and requires a large amount of coolant required in case of a coolant loss accident and has problems in terms of manufacturability, as well as difficulty in reloading nuclear fuel and maintaining the internal structure, There was a problem such as a limited recycling time.

Therefore, the present invention not only improves the limitations of the conventional safety protective container, but also proposes a new blood-to-vegetation system that can be operated in a passive state in an accident to induce the reactor to a safe state.

An object of the present invention is to provide a blood for electric power system made possible to maintain the internal equipment from the outside of the safety protective container.

Another object of the present invention is to propose an integrated reactor capable of reducing the capacity and the working space of the coolant required for nuclear fuel reload.

Another object of the present invention is to propose an integrated reactor capable of maintaining the core level of the reactor vessel semi-permanently through a passive method even with a relatively small amount of coolant than the conventional reactor.

In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the blood-pending system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a predetermined interval so that the coolant is filled in the space between the reactor vessel of the integral reactor and the reactor vessel in the event of a coolant loss accident. A safety protective container formed to surround the nuclear reactor vessel, at least one connection part having a hollow part and connected to a steam generator inside the nuclear reactor container, and formed to cover the hollow part and the hollow outside the safety protective container; It includes a connection cover which is installed to open and close the safety protective container to enable the maintenance of the steam generator through the portion.

According to an example related to the present invention, the safety protective container and the connection part cover when the fastening is formed to seal between the safety protection container and the connection cover, and further comprises a sealing member configured to prevent the loss of the coolant.

According to an example related to the present invention, a coolant pump detachably mounted to the reactor vessel and configured to supply a coolant heated at the core of the reactor vessel to the steam generator, and the safety protection vessel to correspond to the coolant pump. And a cover formed to cover the hole and installed to open and close the safety protective container so that the coolant pump can be drawn out through the hole.

According to an example related to the present invention, the safety protective container, the lower container is formed to accommodate the reactor vessel at a predetermined interval therein, and detachably coupled to the lower container and when the separation from the lower container And an upper head configured to expose at least a portion of the reactor vessel.

In addition, to realize the above object, the present invention is connected to a safety injection pipe which is disposed outside the reactor vessel and the reactor vessel and communicates with the reactor vessel and operates by reducing the pressure or decreasing the water level of the reactor vessel therein. A coolant injection unit for injecting the stored coolant into the reactor vessel, and is connected to the space between the reactor vessel and the safety protective vessel by a connecting pipe, and the steam, air or coolant flows in or out along the connecting pipe due to the pressure difference. A compression pool (SP) configured to be connected to the safety injection pipe, and a coolant filled between the reactor vessel and the safety protection vessel to be semi-permanently injected into the reactor vessel by the nature of the density difference or water level difference Including a Recirculation System (RS) to form a recirculation flow It discloses an integral reactor.

According to an embodiment related to the present invention, the coolant injection unit is higher than the reactor vessel to inject the coolant filled therein by the gravity head when the operation signal is generated by the pressure decrease or the water level of the reactor vessel. Core makeup tanks (CMT) disposed at a position, and one end is connected to the reactor vessel and the other end is connected to the core supplement tank, so that coolant injection from the core supplement tank to the reactor vessel is smoothly made. And a pressure balance line forming a back pressure of the core replenishment tank.

According to an example related to the present invention, the coolant injection unit includes Safety Injection Tanks (SIT) configured to inject coolant filled therein by the pressure difference from the reactor vessel to the reactor vessel, and the safety The injection tank operates when the pressure of the reactor vessel decreases below the set pressure of the safety injection tank due to the loss of coolant.

According to an example related to the present invention, the recirculation system further includes a recirculation pump disposed at the inlet of the recirculation system to smooth the flow of the coolant and block the inflow of impurities.

The integrated reactor is connected to the reactor vessel and the automatic depressurization system for reducing the pressure of the reactor vessel to facilitate the injection of coolant from the safety injection tank or the recirculation system to the reactor vessel in the event of a coolant loss accident (Automatic Depressurization System: ADS) may be further included.

The integrated reactor may have at least two branch pipes to maintain the function even in a single failure.

According to the present invention of the above configuration, the blood-powered system is easy to maintain the facilities of the steam generator, such as the heat transfer pipe and the coolant pump outside the safety protective container by introducing a small safety protective container with improved economics and manufacturability. .

In addition, the present invention employs an upper head mounted to be opened and closed to the lower container to reduce the coolant capacity required for nuclear fuel reloading and the work space required for maintenance of the reactor internal equipment.

In addition, the present invention can minimize the peripheral space of the reactor vessel and can maintain the semi-permanent core level in a passive manner by using natural phenomena such as gravity head, pressure difference, and density difference even with relatively small amount of coolant. In this case, when the driven residual heat removal system is operated together, the residual heat and sensible heat of the core can be removed for a long time by continuously circulating the fluid into the steam generator while maintaining the core water level.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing an operating state of an integrated reactor having a blood system in normal operation.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an operating state of an integrated reactor with a system for blood loss in the event of a loss of coolant.
3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a coolant recycling process of an integrated reactor having a bloodborne system after a coolant loss accident.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the PIG system related to this invention and the integral reactor provided with this are demonstrated in detail with reference to drawings. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The suffixes "system" and "unit" for components used in the following description are given or mixed in consideration of ease of specification, and do not have distinct meanings or roles.

1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an operating state of an integrated reactor 100 including a bloodborne system in normal operation.

The reactor vessel 110 includes a lower reactor vessel 110a and an upper reactor head 110b, and the lower reactor vessel 110a and the upper reactor head 110b are firmly fastened by the fastening member 111. In the reactor vessel 110, a core 112 is disposed at a lower center thereof, and at least one steam generator 113 is disposed at an upper side of the core 112. The coolant is filled in the reactor vessel 110, and the level of the coolant may be formed at a height similar to the coupling portion of the lower reactor vessel 110a and the upper reactor head 110b.

The safety protective container 120 is formed to surround the reactor vessel 110 at a predetermined interval so that the coolant is filled in the space between the reactor vessel 110 and the coolant loss accident. However, the coolant is not filled in the space between the normal operation as shown. In order to operate the recirculation system 160 smoothly in the event of a loss of coolant, the coolant must be filled in the space between the reactor vessel 110 and the safety protection vessel 120 above the installation height of the safety injection pipe 114. If the distance between the 110 and the safety protective container 120 is far, the amount of coolant required to maintain the core level is increased. Therefore, when the small safety protective container 120 is applied, the recirculation system 160 can be operated in a relatively small amount to maintain the reactor level semi-permanently.

The safety protection container 120 includes a lower container 120a and an upper head 120b similarly to the reactor container 110 and is firmly coupled by the fastening member 121. The fastening member 121 may be, for example, a stud bolt or the like. As shown, the fastening height of the lower vessel 120a and the upper head 120b may be similar to the fastening height of the lower reactor vessel 110a and the upper reactor head 110b. The lower vessel 120a is formed to accommodate the reactor vessel 110 at predetermined intervals therein. The upper vessel 120b is detachably coupled to the lower vessel 120a and is formed so that at least a portion of the reactor vessel 110 is exposed when separated from the lower vessel 120a. After exposing a portion of the reactor vessel 110, the upper reactor head 110b may be separated from the reactor vessel 110a to access internal reactor facilities including nuclear fuel. Due to this structure, it is necessary to reload or replace nuclear fuel in the reactor vessel 110 or to perform maintenance work such as drawing out or reinstalling the safety protective vessel 120 to inspect the reactor vessel 110 or internal equipment. Reduced coolant capacity and workspace

Although not shown in the drawings, it is also possible to form a natural circulation flow path of air between the safety protection container 120 and the external concrete structure so that the outside air can cool the safety protection container 120 smoothly.

The safety protection container 120 includes at least one connection part 124 to enable maintenance of a steam generator 113 facility such as a heat pipe installed inside the reactor vessel 110 from the outside. The connection part 124 has a hollow part and is connected to the steam generator 113 through the hollow part. The connecting portion 124, as shown in the steam generator 113 may be provided to be connected to the upper and lower, respectively. In this case, the connection part 124 may be installed at a height corresponding to each of the water supply pipe 190a for supplying water to the lower portion of the steam generator 113 and the steam pipe 191a for supplying steam to the turbine from the top of the steam generator.

Since the length of the connection portion 124 depends on the distance between the reactor vessel 110 and the safety protection vessel 120, to increase the access to the steam generator 113 and to more easily maintain the steam generator 113 equipment The shorter the distance of the connection 124 is advantageous. In the present invention, since the distance between the reactor vessel 110 and the safety protection container 120 is minimized by applying the small safety protection container 120, the workability of maintenance is improved.

The connection part cover 125 is formed to cover the hollow part of the connection part 124 and is installed to be opened and closed on the safety protective container 120. The connection member cover 125 coupled to the safety protection container 120 by the fastening member 126 may be dismantled and the equipment of the steam generator 113 such as a heat transfer tube (tube) may be accessed through the hollow part of the connection unit 124. .

It is formed between the safety protective container 120 and the connecting portion cover 125 to seal between the safety protective container 120 and the connecting portion cover 125 when the fastening member 126 is fastened, and the coolant is lost through the fastening portion. Sealing member (not shown) made to prevent it may be disposed.

The coolant pump 130 is mounted on the reactor vessel 110 to supply the coolant heated in the core 112 to the steam generator 113. In order to reduce the amount of coolant required for the recycling system 160 to operate smoothly in the event of a coolant loss accident, the distance between the reactor vessel 110 and the safety protective container 120 should be minimized. As shown in the figure, in order to minimize the distance, the coolant pump 130 may be designed such that at least a portion thereof is exposed through the hole formed in the safety protective container 120. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the length of the coolant pump 130 protruding from the reactor vessel 110 is shorter than the distance between the reactor vessel 110 and the safety protective vessel 120 according to the characteristics of the reactor. It may not be exposed to the outside of the container 120.

The coolant pump 130 supplies the coolant heated in the core 112 to the steam generator 113, and the coolant is cooled by heat exchange in the steam generator 113 and then supplied to the core 112 again. Repeat. Accordingly, the coolant pump 130 is disposed below the surface of the coolant to circulate the coolant filled in the reactor vessel 110.

A hole is formed in the safety protective container 120 to correspond to the coolant pump 130, and the cover 122 is formed to cover the hole. The cover 122 is installed in the safety protective container 120 to be opened and closed. By opening the cover 122, the coolant pump 130 detachably mounted in the reactor vessel 110 may be drawn out and maintained through the hole. As illustrated, when a part of the coolant pump 130 is exposed to the outside of the safety protection container 120, the cover 122 may be formed to cover a part of the coolant pump 130. However, since the coolant pump 130 may not be exposed to the outside of the safety protective container 120, the shape of the cover 122 is not limited.

The cover 122 may be coupled to the safety protection container 120 by the fastening member 123 and may be detachably installed on the safety protection container 120. The fastening member 123 may be, for example, a bolt. Like the connection part cover 125, the cover 122 and the safety protective container 120 are formed to seal between the cover 122 and the safety protective container 120 when the fastening member 123 is fastened, and the coolant is fastened to the fastening part. Sealing member (not shown) may be disposed to prevent the loss through.

The integrated reactor 100 is a valve 190b of the water supply pipe 190a for supplying water to the steam generator 113 during normal operation and a valve 191b of the steam pipe 191a for supplying steam from the steam generator 113 to the turbine. Is kept open. The water supply is supplied to the steam generator 113 through the water supply pipe 190a, becomes steam at high temperature and high pressure in the steam generator 113, and is supplied to the turbine through the steam pipe 191a. When the valves 190b and 191b are installed in a single stage, a plurality of valves 190b and 191b may not function properly in case of failure. Devices requiring power, such as valves 190b and 191b, may be operated by a battery or the like in preparation for power loss.

When the coolant loss accident occurs, the coolant injection unit 140, the decompression tank 150, the recirculation system 160, the automatic decompression system 170 and the passive residual heat removal system 180 is operated and the following FIG. 2 and FIG. It demonstrates with reference. However, the core refill tank 141 and the passive residual heat removal system 180 may operate even in the case of an uncoolant loss accident.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual view illustrating an operating state of the integrated reactor 100 having a pre-system during a coolant loss accident.

The accident that the coolant is lost is caused by the breakage of the pipe connected to the upper portion of the reactor vessel (110). Since the piping of the integrated reactor 100 is small, the coolant in the liquid state is rapidly discharged from the reactor vessel 110 at the beginning of the loss of the coolant, but if the coolant level of the reactor vessel 110 decreases below the height of the broken pipe, the steam state Since the coolant is released, the temperature, pressure and water level of the reactor vessel 110 gradually decreases, and the pressure of the safety protective vessel 120 rises.

The safety protective container 120 suppresses the breaking flow rate by making the atmospheric pressure outside the reactor container 110 high pressure in a fast time in the case of the coolant loss accident. Once the coolant begins to be lost, it is no longer possible to maintain the core level only with the amount of coolant present in the reactor vessel 110. Therefore, the safety protective container 120, the pressure balance with the reactor vessel 110 to suppress the flow rate of breakage, to enable the injection of coolant by gravity head and to prevent the secondary loss to the outside of the safety protective container 120. Although not shown in the drawing, the outer wall of the safety protection container 120 may protect the safety protection container 120 from overpressure and install an air circulation passage or a cooling water storage tank for cooling, or may be sprayed to the outside using an external water spray system. have.

The coolant injection unit 140 is connected to the safety injection pipe 114 communicating with the reactor vessel 110, and when the coolant of the reactor vessel 110 is lost, the pressure of the reactor vessel decreases or the coolant level decreases. It is made to inject the coolant stored in the reactor vessel (110). The coolant injection unit 140 may optionally include or include both the core supplement tank 141 and the safety injection tank 142 according to the design characteristics of the reactor. The core replenishment tank 141 is a system capable of performing safety injection into the reactor vessel 110 in a relatively high pressure condition, the safety injection tank 142 in a relatively medium pressure condition.

The core replenishment tank 141 has a coolant stored therein, and a valve 141a is installed between the core replenishment tank 141 and the safety injection pipe 114, and is connected by a connection pipe 141b. When the pressure in the reactor vessel 110 decreases below the set pressure due to the loss of coolant, the closed valve 141a is opened. As the valve 141a is opened, the coolant stored in the core supplement tank 141 is injected into the reactor vessel 110 by gravity head. Therefore, the core replenishment tank 141 is disposed at a position higher than the reactor vessel 110 and should be installed to have an appropriate height difference. Depending on the design characteristics of the reactor, the core replenishment tank 141 may be replaced with a nitrogen pressure high pressure safety injection tank.

The pressure balance pipe 141c has one end connected to the reactor vessel 110 and the other end connected to the core supplement tank 141, and the core is supplied to allow the coolant injection to the reactor vessel 110 from the core supplement tank 141 smoothly. The back pressure of the replenishment tank 141 is formed. When the back pressure is formed, the pressure in the core supplement tank 141 becomes equal to the pressure in the reactor vessel 110, and the coolant in the core supplement tank 141 may be safely injected into the reactor vessel 110.

The safety injection tank 142 is connected to the safety injection pipe 114 by a pipe 142a, and a check valve 142b is installed in the pipe. The check valve 142b serves to prevent the coolant from flowing back from the reactor vessel 110 so that the coolant in the reactor vessel 110 flows out. The safety injection tank 142 has a coolant stored therein, and gas is present at the top of the tank to pressurize the coolant. The coolant may be cold boric water and the gas may be nitrogen gas.

The safety injection tank 142 is isolated from the reactor vessel 110 by the check valve 142b in normal operation, but when the coolant loss accident occurs, the pressure of the reactor vessel 110 is reduced to be lower than the pressure of the safety injection tank 142. The ground safety injection tank 142 injects the coolant stored therein into the reactor vessel 110 by the pressure difference with the reactor vessel 110. Therefore, the pressure of the gas is set lower than the pressure of the reactor vessel 110 in the normal operation. The safety injection tank 142 may be installed inside the safety protection container 110 as shown, but is not limited thereto and may be installed outside.

Decompression tank 150 is connected to the space between the reactor vessel 110 and the safety protection vessel 120 by a connecting pipe 151, steam, air (for example, non-condensing) along the connection pipe by the pressure difference Layered gas) or coolant flows in or out. During normal operation, the inside of the reduced pressure tank 150 is filled with a coolant such as low temperature boric acid water and an atmosphere such as nitrogen. The flow rate of the coolant and the gas stored in the decompression tank 150 is designed to prevent the overpressure of the safety protective container 120 and to sufficiently fill the outside of the reactor vessel 110 so that safety injection and recirculation can be performed smoothly. The reduced pressure tank 150 may be installed outside the safety protection container 120 as shown, but is not limited thereto and may be installed inside the safety protection container 120.

In the initial stage of an accident in which the coolant is lost from the reactor vessel 110, the pressure of the safety protective vessel 120 is increased by the steam released from the reactor vessel 110. Steam or the atmosphere discharged to the safety protective container 120 is guided to the pressure-reducing tank 150 by the pressure difference formed between the safety protective container 120 and the pressure-reducing tank 150 to overpressure the safety protective container 120 To prevent them. At this time, the steam guided to the decompression tank 150 is condensed in the decompression tank 150, the non-condensable gas is collected in the upper space of the decompression tank.

When time passes after the coolant loss accident occurs, the pressure of the reactor vessel 110 and the safety protective vessel 120 is balanced and cooled, and the pressure of the safety protective vessel 120 begins to decrease. When the internal pressure of the safety protective vessel 120 decreases, the coolant inside the decompression tank 150 is released by the back pressure formed in the decompression tank 150 to fill the space between the reactor vessel 110 and the safety protective vessel 120. (flooding)

The driven residual heat removal system 180 is configured to continuously circulate the fluid to the steam generator 113 in the case of the loss of coolant to remove residual heat and sensible heat of the core.

The passive residual heat removal system 180 is installed outside the safety protective container 120, and has an emergency cooling tank (181) having an appropriate height difference with the steam generator 113 and the emergency cooling tank 181. Condensation heat exchanger (182, Heat Exchanger (HX), disposed in the makeup tank (183), makeup tank (MT), the valve 184 includes a connecting pipe connecting them.

The connection pipe is connected to the water supply pipe 190a and the steam pipe 191a. When the coolant is lost, the valve 190b of the water supply pipe 190a and the valve 191b of the steam pipe 191a are locked, and the valve 184 connected to the heat exchanger 182 is opened. The water supply flow rate from the heat exchanger 182 to the steam generator 113 is formed by the head difference caused by gravity of the heat exchanger 182 and the steam generator 113 in the emergency cooling tank 181. The coolant supplied to the steam generator 113 is transferred to the heat exchanger 182 in the emergency cooling tank 181 by receiving residual heat and sensible heat of the core. The conveyed steam is condensed on the inner wall of the heat exchanger 182, and enters the steam generator 113 through the pipe again by natural circulation by gravity to be recycled.

3 is a conceptual view illustrating a coolant recycling process of an integrated reactor 100 including a bloodborne system after a coolant loss accident.

Recirculation system 160 is connected to the safety injection pipe 114 and the density difference or water level difference so as to semi-permanently inject the coolant filled between the reactor vessel 110 and the safety protection vessel 120 into the reactor vessel 110 To form a natural recycle flow.

The recirculation system 160 may include a valve 161 and a check valve 162 and a pipe connecting them is connected to the safety injection pipe 114. When the coolant is filled in the space between the reactor vessel 110 and the safety protective container 120 after the loss of coolant, the valve 161 and the check valve 162 are opened, and the density of the coolant filled in the space (when the water level is similar) ) Or when the water level is greater than the density or level of the coolant in the reactor vessel 110, the coolant filled in the space through the recirculation system 160 is injected into the reactor vessel 110. When the coolant is lost, the water level in the reactor vessel 110 decreases, and the steam released to the fracture portion discharges heat from the inner wall of the safety protection container 120 and condenses it, and the condensed coolant is inside the safety protection container 120. The water level inside the safety protection container 120 is raised at the bottom. The coolant collected downward is injected into the reactor vessel 110 through the recirculation system 160 by the water head difference due to the water level, and is semi-permanently recycled by the driven force. The heat transferred to the safety protective container 120 is discharged to the outside through the outer wall.

Although not shown in the drawing, an inlet of the recirculation system 160 may include a recirculation pump configured to smoothly flow the coolant and block the inflow of impurities.

The auto decompression system 170 is connected to the reactor vessel 110 and the reactor vessel 110 to smoothly inject the coolant into the reactor vessel 110 from the coolant injection unit 140 and the recirculation system 160 in the event of a loss of coolant. Decrease the pressure. As shown, the automatic decompression system 170 may include at least two or more branch pipes to maintain a function even in a single failure.

The automatic pressure reduction system 170 lowers the pressure of the reactor vessel 110 to the pressure of the safety protective vessel 120 so that the pressure balance is made smoothly, the pressure is lower than the safety injection tank 142. When the pressure of the reactor vessel 110 is reduced in pressure, coolant can be injected into the reactor vessel 110 even under medium and low pressure conditions, so that coolant injection at a low temperature can be made from the safety injection tank 142, and even by a small gravity head. The flow of coolant may be formed so that coolant injection using gravity from the recirculation system 160 may be performed.

The above-described PIG system and an integrated reactor having the same are not limited to the configuration and method of the above-described embodiment, but the embodiment is configured by selectively combining all or part of the configuration and the method so that various modifications can be made. Can be.

100; Integrated reactor 110; Reactor Vessel
120; Safety protective container 130; Coolant Pump
140; Coolant injection section 141; Core Refill Tank
142; Safety injection tank 150; Decompression tank
160; Recycling system 170; Automatic decompression system
180; Passive residual heat removal system

Claims (10)

A reactor vessel of an integral reactor;
A safety protective container formed to surround the reactor vessel at a predetermined interval so that the coolant is filled in the space between the reactor vessel and the coolant accident;
At least one connection part having a hollow part and connected to a steam generator inside the reactor vessel; And
And a connection part cover formed to cover the hollow part and installed to open and close the safety protection container to enable maintenance of the steam generator through the hollow part outside the safety protection container. The method of claim 1,
And a sealing member formed to seal between the safety protective container and the connection cover when the safety protective container and the connection cover are fastened, and prevent the loss of coolant. The method of claim 1,
A coolant pump detachably mounted to the reactor vessel, the coolant pump configured to supply a coolant heated at the core of the reactor vessel to the steam generator;
A hole formed in the safety protective container to correspond to the coolant pump; And
And a cover formed to cover the hole and installed to open and close the safety protective container so that the coolant pump is drawn out and maintained through the hole. The method of claim 1,
The safety protective container,
A lower container formed to receive the reactor vessel at predetermined intervals therein; And
And an upper head detachably coupled to the lower container, the upper head configured to expose at least a portion of the reactor vessel upon separation from the lower container. A bloodborne system according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
A coolant injection unit disposed outside the reactor vessel and connected to a safety injection pipe communicating with the reactor vessel, the coolant injecting unit operating by reducing the pressure or decreasing the water level of the reactor vessel to inject the coolant stored therein into the reactor vessel;
A pressure reducing tank connected to a space between the nuclear reactor vessel and the safety protective container by a connecting pipe, and configured to introduce or discharge steam, air, or coolant along the connecting pipe by a pressure difference; And
A recirculation system connected to the safety injection pipe and forming a natural recirculation flow due to a density difference or a level difference so as to semi-permanently inject coolant filled between the reactor vessel and the safety protection vessel into the reactor vessel. Integral reactor, characterized in that. 6. The method of claim 5,
The coolant injection unit,
A core replenishment tank disposed at a position higher than the reactor vessel to inject coolant filled therein by gravity head into the reactor vessel when an operation signal is generated due to a decrease in pressure or a drop in water level of the reactor vessel; And
One end is connected to the reactor vessel, the other end is connected to the core replenishment tank, and includes a pressure balance pipe for forming a back pressure of the core replenishment tank to facilitate the injection of coolant from the core replenishment tank to the reactor vessel. An integrated reactor, characterized in that. 6. The method of claim 5,
The coolant injection unit includes a safety injection tank configured to inject the coolant filled therein by the pressure difference between the reactor vessel and the reactor vessel,
The safety injection tank,
And the reactor vessel operates when the pressure of the reactor vessel decreases below the set pressure of the safety injection tank due to the loss of coolant. 6. The method of claim 5,
The recirculation system further comprises a recirculation water tank disposed at the inlet of the recirculation system to facilitate the flow of coolant, and block the inflow of impurities. The method of claim 7, wherein
And an automatic pressure reducing system connected to the reactor vessel and reducing the pressure of the reactor vessel so that coolant injection into the reactor vessel from the safety injection tank or the recycling system in the event of a coolant loss accident is further included. Integral reactor. 10. The method of claim 9,
The automatic decompression system is an integrated reactor, characterized in that provided with at least two or more branch pipes to maintain the function even in the single failure.

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