KR20140011416A - Cyclotron apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A cyclotron apparatus according to the present invention includes a vacuum container, an electromagnet which is installed inside or outside the vacuum container, an electrode which is separated from the electromagnet with a preset space in the vacuum container, and a dielectric which is inserted into a vacuum space between the electromagnet and the electrode. According to the present invention, the total size or volume of the cyclotron apparatus is reduced by inserting the dielectric into the vacuum space between the electromagnet and the electrode.

Description

[0001] Cyclotron apparatus [0002]

The present invention relates to a cyclotron device.

In general, charged atoms and molecules and their groups are called ions. When an electron is removed from an electrically neutral atom or molecule, it becomes a positive cation. On the contrary, if an electron is attached, it becomes anion. The ions are accelerated by the electric field. The ions accelerated by the electric field become a high-energy state. In order to obtain higher energy, a magnetic field is applied perpendicularly to the traveling direction to generate a circular motion.

Cyclotron devices are devices that generate large kinetic energy by accelerating charged particles such as electrons and protons in a strong electric field or magnetic field. They are used in physics experiments to investigate the deep structure of materials related to atomic nuclei or small particles, Equipment and so on. These cyclotron devices are also called atomic nucleus destruction devices, ion accelerators and are also called particle accelerators.

The cyclotron device was designed by E.O. Lawrence in 1932 and is a cyclotron device that uses the principle that the circular motion period of a charged particle in the same magnetic field is proportional to the mass of the particle and inversely proportional to the intensity of the charge and mass. High-speed neutron radiation, quantum radiation, alpha rays, etc., are generated in this apparatus. These radiation are those which irradiate various tumors to heal tumors. High-speed neutrophil is used for feminine cancer, osteosarcoma, neck cancer, lung cancer, soft tissue sarcoma.

FIGS. 1 to 3 are views for explaining the principle of a cyclotron, wherein FIG. 1 is a view showing a stimulus of a cyclotron and an electrode structure, FIGS. 2A and 2B are views for explaining the resonance principle by the D electrode of FIG. FIG. 3 is a view showing a motion trajectory of particles on the D electrode in FIG. 1; FIG.

Referring to the drawings, the cyclotron is provided with a pair of D electrodes 14 facing each other between electromagnet N and S poles 10 and 12. [ The D electrode 14 is composed of a copper plate and has a configuration of the resonator 20 in a circuit. The D electrode 14 is immersed in a magnetic field formed by the N and S poles 10 and 12, and an acceleration potential is formed in the D electrode gap 16 in a vacuum state while a constant frequency is provided. When the charged particle 22 is incident on the D electrode gap 16, the Lorentz force is applied to the direction perpendicular to both the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of incidence, and the particle is accelerated while moving while drawing a constant circular orbit 18 .

These cyclotron devices are used in basic research, especially in high energy physics, and play an important role in medical, biological applications and radiation therapy. Such cyclotron devices are very large in size, and thus are not easily manufactured and managed. Thus, there is a recent need for a smaller and more efficient cyclotron device.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a cyclotron apparatus that is smaller in size than conventional cyclotron apparatuses.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cyclodolon according to one aspect of the present invention includes a vacuum container, an electromagnet disposed in the vacuum container or outside the vacuum container, and an electrode disposed in the vacuum container at a predetermined interval from the electromagnet, And a dielectric inserted in the vacuum space between the electromagnet and the electrode.

Here, the dielectric may be formed of a material that does not electrically react to a high voltage.

Here, the cyclotron frequency of the cyclotron device is determined according to the dielectric constant of the dielectric.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size or volume of the entire cyclotron device by inserting a dielectric in a vacuum space between the electromagnet and the electrode in the cyclotron device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a diagram showing the stimulus and electrode structure of a cyclotron,
FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams for explaining the resonance principle by the D electrode of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a view showing movement trajectories of particles on the D electrode in FIG. 1,
4 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclotron device for illustrating the concept of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclotron device according to an embodiment of the invention.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. Like reference numerals are used for like elements in describing each drawing.

The terms first, second, A, B, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component. And / or < / RTI > includes any combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to or connected to that other component, but it may be understood that other components may be present in between. Should be. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "comprise" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, components, or a combination thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art and are to be interpreted as either ideal or overly formal in the sense of the present application Do not.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclotron device for illustrating the concept of the present invention.

4, the cyclotron device includes a vacuum container 110, an N-pole electromagnet 101, an S-pole electromagnet 103, and a pair of electrodes 120 and 122.

As shown in FIG. 4, a vacuum space exists between the electromagnets 101 and 103 and the electrodes 120 and 122, respectively. This vacuum space is increasing the size of the entire cyclotron device. As the technology develops and the demand for compact size compact cyclotron devices increases, there is a growing need to reduce these vacuum gaps.

5 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclotron device according to an embodiment of the invention.

5, the cyclotron device includes a vacuum container 110, an N-pole electromagnet 101, an S-pole electromagnet 103, and a pair of electrodes 120 and 122. The electrodes 120 and 122 are also commonly referred to as Dee. The vacuum container 110 is a hollow container in a vacuum state. A vacuum space exists between the electromagnets 101 and 103 and the electrodes 120 and 122, respectively. The electromagnets 101 and 103 can be installed in the vacuum container 110. When the vacuum container is a non-magnetic material, the electromagnets 101 and 103 may be provided outside the vacuum container 110 to form a magnetic field distribution in the vacuum container. That is, the electrodes 120 and 122 are installed in the vacuum container 10 at predetermined intervals from the electromagnets 101 and 103, respectively.

Here, the cyclotron principle and the cyclotron frequency ω, which is the basis of the electromagnet design, are expressed by the following equation (1).

Here, M represents the mass of the accelerating particle, q represents the amount of charge, and B represents the magnetic field of the electromagnet.

The amount of charge q = CV. C is a proportionality constant, proportional to the capacitance, and thus proportional to the dielectric constant of the vacuum. Therefore, in a conventional cyclotron device, the cyclotron frequency is determined by the dielectric constant of vacuum.

Since the dielectric constant of such a vacuum is proportional to the volume of the vacuum space, an ideal vacuum permittivity can not be achieved with a small volume of vacuum space. Accordingly, conventionally, the vacuum volume is increased to achieve the volume of this optimum vacuum space. In addition, in such a vacuum space, a high voltage spark is generated well, which causes the cyclotron device to fail.

The present invention inserts dielectrics into this vacuum space. That is, referring to FIG. 5, a dielectric is inserted into the vacuum container 110. Thereby increasing the dielectric constant of the vacuum space. In other words, the cyclotron frequency is determined by the dielectric constant of the dielectric.

It is preferred that the dielectric is implemented as a material that can withstand high voltages, i.e., does not electrically react to high voltages. This is because the conventional cyclotron device must not easily react to the high voltage generated between the electrode and the electron beam to generate a spark.

Accordingly, the approximate width of the vacuum container 110 can be less than 1 meter. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the vacuum space between the electromagnets 101, 103 and the electrodes 120, 122 can be significantly reduced compared to the conventional cyclotron apparatus of FIG. Thereby reducing the overall size or volume of the entire cyclotron device.

On the other hand, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that although the present embodiment has been described based on the simplified structure of a cyclotron device, it can be applied to any cyclotron device having a vacuum space between an electromagnet and an electrode, for example, any cyclotron device proposed or produced recently .

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims It can be understood that

101: N pole electromagnet
103: S-pole electromagnet
120, 122: a pair of electrodes
110: Vacuum container

Claims (2)

In the cyclotron apparatus,
A vacuum container,
An electromagnet installed in the vacuum vessel or outside the vacuum vessel,
An electrode disposed in the vacuum chamber at a predetermined interval from the electromagnet;
And a dielectric inserted into the vacuum space between the electromagnet and the electrode. The cyclotron device of claim 1, wherein the dielectric is made of a material that does not electrically react to a high voltage.

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