KR20140004309A - The control system for the generation and supply of power and heat - Google Patents
The control system for the generation and supply of power and heat Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a co-generation system that simultaneously produces electricity and heat, and that satisfies the heat requirement in the region, and provides optimal production and distribution plans And is provided as a control system for production and distribution of electricity and heat energy in a cogeneration system having different cost structures using a computer and software installed in the computer . A basic model of equipment for energy production and consumption corresponding to the visual image format displayed and clicked or dragged and dropped; An energy network to which at least two basic models are connected by clicking or dragging and dropping with a mouse; An internal logic for automatically generating a cost function and a constraint according to a predetermined rule corresponding to the basic model when the energy network is constructed; Comprising parameters for the basic model entered by a user; And generates an optimal production and distribution plan according to the components.
Description
The present invention relates to a control system for the production and distribution of electricity and thermal energy, and more particularly, to a control system for generating and distributing electric and thermal energy in a co-generation system that simultaneously generates electricity and heat, The present invention relates to a control system for production and distribution of electricity and thermal energy, in which an optimum production and distribution plan is established so that minimum unit or maximum profit in consideration of production unit cost can be achieved.
The prior art of the field to which the present invention pertains will be described.
According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus and method for real-time power information variation processing registered on Jul. 05, 2011, and a display device thereof (Patent Registration No. 10-1048463) A data management unit for receiving and managing power usage information and power supply price information of a power consumer in real time, a setting unit for setting a color display reference value corresponding to a change in power consumption and power supply price, And the power supply price information, the previous day's power consumption amount information, and the power supply price information to calculate a change amount of the power consumption amount and the power supply price, extract color information corresponding to the change amount of the power consumption amount and the power supply price, And a data processing unit for transmitting the data to the consumer. According to the present invention, By informing the price fluctuation state and the degree of change in power usage at the house on the basis of the color change of the sphere-shaped power information change display device located at an easy-to-recognize place, the consumer voluntarily reduces the power consumption in a time period in which the power charge is high There is an advantage in that it can increase the power consumption in a low time period and induce efficient use of energy. "
However, the above-described conventional technology is not compatible with the cost structure that is co-generated in a co-generation system that simultaneously generates electricity and heat, and thus it is difficult to apply it. A control system is required to establish an optimal production and distribution plan so that the minimum unit cost or the maximum profit considering the unit cost of production can be obtained.
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a co-generation system that simultaneously generates electricity and heat while minimizing the unit cost or the maximum profit considering the electricity price and heat production unit And to provide a control system for the production and distribution of electricity and thermal energy, which is designed to establish an optimum production and distribution plan.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control system for generating and distributing electricity and thermal energy in a cogeneration power generation system having different cost structures using a computer and software installed in the computer. A basic model of equipment for energy production and consumption corresponding to the visual image format displayed and clicked or dragged and dropped; An energy network to which at least two basic models are connected by clicking or dragging and dropping with a mouse; An internal logic for automatically generating a cost function and a constraint according to a predetermined rule corresponding to the basic model when the energy network is constructed; Comprising parameters for the basic model entered by a user; And generates an optimal production and distribution plan according to the components.
In the embodiment, the cost function of the internal logic is calculated by SMP based costing (SMP-based cost calculation) in case of competitive bidding in calculating energy production and selling unit price, and PPA based costing (PPA-based costing), SMP based costing is selected from fuel-based costing and heat-based costing; heat based costing is Cost [Kwon / Hr] = total unit cost of production heat = production calorific value [Gcal / Hr] * heat unit cost [Kwon / Gcal] * Maximum efficiency / efficiency, fuel based costing Costing) is Cost [Kwon / Hr] = total unit cost of production heat = production calorie [Gcal / Hr] * thermal unit cost [Kwon / Gcal] * maximum efficiency / efficiency.
In an embodiment, the parameter is selected from the group consisting of a global section, a gas turbine, a heat recovery steam generator, a heat pump, a peak loader boiler, an extractive condensation steam turbine, a rear pressure steam turbine, Summing and outputting equipment, and is configured to click and input, and each parameter is provided with a button so that the user can store it as an accelerator file.
According to the advantageous effects of the present embodiment, it is easy to apply to the cost structure of the cogeneration system that simultaneously generates electricity and heat, and it is possible to obtain the maximum benefit in consideration of the electricity sales price and the heat production unit price while satisfying the heat demand in the area And has the advantage of establishing an optimal production and distribution plan.
1 is a diagram illustrating a screen in which a basic model of an energy production facility and consumption according to the present invention constitutes an energy network in a drag-and-drop manner; FIG.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a screen for connecting a facility constructed according to the present invention by clicking, dragging and dropping a mouse. FIG.
3 is a view showing a parameter input screen according to the present invention.
4 is a diagram for explaining inputting by clicking a global parameter according to the present invention;
5 is a view showing a screen stored in an accelerator file according to the present invention;
6 is a view showing a screen stored as an accelerator file according to the present invention;
7 is a diagram illustrating a screen for applying parameters input to an accelerator file to an energy network according to the present invention;
8 is a view showing an execution screen of a plan according to the present invention.
9 shows a result screen of a plan according to the present invention.
10 is a view showing a screen for storing the results of planning according to the present invention as an accelerator;
11 is a view showing a screen in which a result stored in an accelerator according to the present invention is created in a report form.
Figure 12 is a block diagram illustrating an energy network for PPA-based tariff calculation in accordance with the present invention.
13 is a diagram for describing parameters of a global section in accordance with the present invention;
14 is a diagram showing a click screen configuration of a gas turbine according to the present invention.
15 is a view showing a screen of a heat recovery steam generator according to the present invention.
16 is a view showing an input screen of a heat pump according to the present invention.
17 is a view showing a screen configuration of a peak load boiler according to the present invention.
18 shows a screen of an expansion-condensing steam turbine according to the present invention.
19 is a diagram showing a screen configuration of a rear-side pressure steam turbine according to the present invention.
20 is a view showing a facility of Korea Electric Power Corporation according to the present invention.
21 is a view showing a screen of an accumulator according to the present invention.
22 is a view showing a screen of an incinerator according to the present invention;
23 is a diagram showing a screen of a local heat demand amount according to the present invention.
24 is a view showing a screen of a station according to the present invention;
25 is a diagram showing a screen of a summation operation according to the present invention;
26 is a view showing a screen of an out facility according to the present invention;
The present invention is a system for establishing optimal production and distribution plan of minimum unit or maximum profit considering electricity price and heat production unit price while satisfying local heat requirement in a co-generation system that simultaneously generates electricity and heat .
The energy network of heat production, distribution and use can be configured as drag-and-drop by applying visual modeling, and the configured energy network is built by internal logic. Cost functions and constraints are created automatically. The user can set up the optimal production and distribution plan by configuring the input parameters of each facility according to the characteristics of the facility.
The mathematical model required for production planning includes MIP (integer integer program) engine because it includes integer variable such as whether each facility is in operation. In particular, production planning can be performed for daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly planning. In this case, the constraint is added to the mathematical model for optimal production so that the performance of the MIP engine is very important. For this reason, the present invention employs a commercially proven engine.
The present invention can constitute an energy network through visual modeling. The basic model of energy production equipment and consumption is composed of stencil as shown in the screen below, so that the energy network can be configured as a drag-and-drop type as shown in Fig.
In FIG. 1, the energy network configuration device is arranged on the left side, and the energy network can be easily configured by dragging such a facility and dropping it on the right screen.
As shown in FIG. 2, the connection between the respective components can be achieved by clicking and holding the mouse.
1.1 Input of facility parameters
Each entity of energy production and consumption must enter the plant parameters in the energy network configuration for planning. The input parameters of each facility are related to the model of the facility and the model of each facility is detailed in the next section.
As shown in FIG. 3, input parameters of each facility are displayed as a pop-up window as shown in the following figure when the corresponding object is clicked. The user determines the parameter by considering the characteristics of each entity. The input parameters are configured according to the characteristics of the facility and can be selected as the facility characteristics, the cost of the heat production or the fuel cost, and the method of the heat production settlement.
As shown in FIG. 4, a global parameter commonly applied to the entire energy network is input by clicking on an icon generated on the basis of the present invention.
The input parameters of each facility can be saved as an excel file. You can also apply the parameter values directly to the excel file instead of clicking on each facility and entering the corresponding parameters.
When an Excel file is stored, the upper menu of the present invention is clicked and stored as shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 shows the result of storing the parameters of each equipment in the configured energy network as an excel file.
After inputting necessary parameters directly in the excel file, the parameters can be stored and applied to the energy network by clicking the corresponding menu in the excel file as shown in FIG.
1.2 Running Planning
The execution of the planning can be performed by clicking the corresponding menu of the present invention as shown in FIG.
Planning automatically applies the MILP engine by automatically constructing cost functions and constraints internally from the configured energy network. The result can be confirmed on the screen of the present invention as shown in FIG. 9, and can be stored as an excel file.
In order to store the result in excel, the corresponding menu of the present invention is clicked as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 11, the results stored in the excel file can be stored, managed and finalized according to the user's purpose.
3. How to apply energy production and sales unit price
Co-generation plants such as district heating generally produce electricity and heat at the same time, and energy production unit costs are calculated by variable costs such as fixed costs and fuel unit prices. However, if you are a PPA (Power Purchase Agreement) operator, variable costs will be compensated for performance and fixed costs will be paid by negotiation. Before all electricity transactions are converted to competitive bidding, an optimal production plan should be established in consideration of the supply of competitive bidding and the price of energy production and sales by PPA contract.
The present invention defines competitive bidding as SMP based costing and PPA based paying as PPA based costing in applying the energy production and selling unit price, and allows the user to select the production plan when establishing the production plan.
3.1 SMP based costing
In the present invention, SMP based costing can be selected from the following two methods.
1. Fuel Based costing
2. Heat Based Costing
Fuel based costing is based on the fuel unit price of energy production unit and the system margin price (SMP). Fuel based costing can be expressed as the following equation.
Cost [Kwon / Hr] = energy producer - electricity sales price
= Input Fuel [Kg / Hr] * Fuel Unit Price [Kwon / Kg] / High Heating Value of Fuel [Gcal / Kg]-Electricity Production [KW] * SMP [Kwon / KWh]
Heat-based costing is calculated by considering the unit price of the energy production facility based on the heat output. Heat-based costing is similar to fuel-based costing, but heat-based costing is a unit price for the result of energy production. Heat-based costing does not generally apply to equipment that produces electricity.
Cost [Kwon / Hr] = total unit price of production heat
= Heat produced [Gcal / Hr] * Heat unit [Kwon / Gcal] * Maximum efficiency / Efficiency
That is, the heat unit price is the heat production unit price when the energy production facility has the maximum efficiency, and the high heat unit price is applied considering the actual efficiency in the operation period in which the energy efficiency against the maximum load is decreased.
The present invention allows the user to select the fuel based and heat based costing methods for the equipment to which the SMP based costing is applied.
3.2 PPA based costing
PPA (Power Purchase Agreement) based costing is a method in which the price of energy production is determined by mutual consultation between KEPCO, a purchaser of a power generation company that generates electricity, and KEPCO. In the future, such a PPA scheme will be gradually changed to a competitive bidding scheme, but this method is applied to many companies at present, so that the present invention can be also selected.
Generally, the PPA method is a method of producing electricity and heat at the same time, and it is a method of supplying the heat to the region or the user and setting the price of the heat production according to the operation of the designated turbine which generates electricity. This is to induce electricity supply to KEPCO by applying different heat production costs considering the difference in profit from supplying electricity to KEPCO and producing only heat and supplying it to the region.
PPA is expected to have various types of contracts between electric producers and KEPCO. However, this ENETOPT considers that the heat that can generate electricity may be applied differently depending on whether the turbine that produces electricity is operated or not. Respectively.
Let's look at a case where PPA is applied. In FIG. 12, the heat generated in the GT, that is, the heat generated in the HRSG, can be generated by operating the steam turbine or supplied to the District Heat Exchanger for the district heating.
In case of PPA, heat production cost is different according to operation mode as follows.
■ Heat-A unit price application
■ Heat-B unit price application
■ Heat-C unit price application
■ Heat-D unit price application
The application of the heat production unit price corresponds to the equipments requiring heat supply to operate the steam turbine, namely, the gas turbine, the HRSG (Heat Recovery Steam Generator) and the gas turbine exhaust heat exchanger and has no contribution to the operation of the steam turbine The PPA unit price does not apply to the heat pump or PLB.
Heat-A unit price refers to the case where one or more HP / LP turbine starts to produce electricity. In the case of Heat-A, Heat-B unit price is applied even if the SMP falls below the reference value even if Turbine produces electricity.
Heat-B is a state in which the HP / LP turbine is not running at all. This refers to the case where heat generated from a gas turbine is used only for local heat supply without producing electricity.
Heat-D is intended to run the HP / LP turbine, but the condition of the feed steam does not meet the operating conditions of the turbine and the HP / LP can not run.
Heat-C is the unit price of the heat recovered from the HRSG.
3.3 Planning with PPA
PPA costing is a method of imposing a penalty if an option to produce electricity is given to the producer when the energy production facility is operated, and if the producer does not produce electricity but only ten. In the above case, electricity will be produced when Gas Turbine is operated. However, if the steam turbine is stopped and the gas produced by Gas Turbine is directly supplied to the region, the price of Heat- It applies to the calories produced by Turbine.
In other words, the unit price of heat supplied to District Heat Exchanger that supplies heat to the region is the low price of Heat-A unit price when the steam turbine operates and the steam turbine is not operated, B unit price is applied. That is, in the case of the producer, if the heat-B is applied, the cost increases.
In this case, when planning, the planning result, "Did you run turbine?" The production unit price is determined according to. In this case, the objective function of planning is given as follows.
Let Q be the amount of heat supplied to District Heat Exchanger (DHE).
Cost = Q * Heat -A unit price + Q * ( Heat -B Unit Price - Heat -A Unit Price) * (1 - U_ STHP )
Here, when Steam Turbine operates, U_STHP is 1, and in this case, heat quantity Q supplied to the DHE is applied to the unit price of Heat-A. If U_STHP is 0, ie if the steam turbine does not operate, the applicable unit price is Heat-B. The problem is that MILP can not solve the problem because the production calories Q and U_STHP are both planning variables and the two variables are non-linear types. However, the cost function can be directly applied to the MILP without changing the U_STHP or estimating the Q by switching to the linear form in the following manner.
Cost = (Q-QA) * Heat-A unit price + (Q-QB) * Heat-B unit price
0? Q - QA? M * U_STHP
0? Q - QB? M * (1 - U_STHP)
0? QA? M * (1- U_STHP)
0? QB? M * U_STHP
Where QA, QB = any positive value
M = any large value
Each case can be verified as follows.
QB = 0 and (Q - QA) = 0. Therefore, Cost = Q * Heat-B
Therefore, if U_STHP = 1, QA = 0 and (Q - QB) = 0. Therefore, Cost = Q * Heat-A
If the cost function can be selected by the user, PPA based costing can be solved in the same system environment.
4. input Parameter configuration
In this section, a detailed description of the definition, function and configuration of the input parameters of each component of the present invention has been described.
4.1 Global section
Global section parameters apply to the planning of the entire network. If you click on the Global section icon, the screen shown in Fig. 13 appears.
The input parameter screen is divided into the upper single valued parameter as shown in the above figure and the lower end time or date array value. Array parameter is used to input the value for each time zone when planning by time zone.
The attributes of each single valued parameter are listed in Table 1.
Each array valued parameter is shown in Table 2.
0: Heat-A or Heat-B unit price is applied according to Turbine operation mode
1: Heat-B unit price regardless of Turbine operation mode
2: Heat-D unit applies regardless of operation mode
4.2 Gas Turbine
Click on the Gas Turbine icon to display the screen as shown in FIG.
The attributes of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 3.
EP [MW] = C1 * Q [Gcal / Hr] + C0, Q = Input heat (fuel calorie) to GT [Gcal /
EP [MW] = C1 * Q [Gcal / Hr] + C0, Q = Input heat (fuel calorie) to GT [Gcal /
Relative Efficiency = A * T + B (T: = Temperature ℃)
Relative Efficiency is defined as the change in output depending on ambient temperature when Gas Turbine's electric output is defined as 1.0 at 15 ℃
Relative Efficiency = A * T + B (T: = Temperature ℃)
Relative Efficiency is defined as the change in output depending on ambient temperature when Gas Turbine's electric output is defined as 1.0 at 15 ℃
0 if U_Init is stopped
0 if U_Init is running
Each array valued parameter is shown in Table 4.
4.3 Heat Recovery Steam Generator
Double-clicking on the Heat Recovery Steam Generator will bring up the screen shown in Figure 15. The properties of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 5. Heat Recovery Steam Generator consists of single valued parameter only.
Low Pressure Steam Heat [Gcal / Hr] = A1 * GT Input Heat [Gcal / hr] + A0
Low Pressure Steam Heat [Gcal / Hr] = A1 * GT Input Heat [Gcal / hr] + A0
High Pressure Steam Heat [Gcal / Hr] = B1 * GT Input Heat [Gcal / hr] + B0
High Pressure Steam Heat [Gcal / Hr] = B1 * GT Input Heat [Gcal / hr] + B0
4.4 Heat Pump
Double-clicking on the icon of the Heat Pump will bring up a screen as shown in FIG. 16 for inputting the data of the Heat Pump. The properties of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 6.
0 if U_Init is stopped
0 if U_Init is running
COP = Q from Condenser / electric Work to Condenser
= Heating Q [Gcal / Hr] / EPh [Gcal / Hr]
Each array valued parameter is shown in Table 7.
4.5 Peak Load Boiler
Double-clicking Peak Load Boiler will display the screen as shown in Fig.
(Same as Peak Load Boiler Steam-in / Oil-out)
The properties of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 8.
Efficiency = 1 / (A + B * Q / Q max ) (Q: heat quantity, Q max :
Efficiency = 1 / (A + B * Q / Q max ) (Q: heat quantity, Q max :
0 if U_Init is stopped
0 if U_Init is running
Each array valued parameter is shown in Table 9.
4.6 Extraction-Condensing Steam Turebine
The screen configuration of Extraction-Condensing Steam Turbine is shown in FIG.
The Extraction-Condensing Steam Turbine (Generator) also has the same screen. The attributes of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 10.
0 if U_Init is stopped
0 if U_Init is running
Each array valued parameter is shown in Table 11.
4.7 Back Pressure Steam Turbine
Back Pressure If you double-click Steam Turbine, the screen shown in Fig. 19 appears. (Back Pressure Steam Turbine (Generator) also has the same screen.) Table 12 shows the properties of each single valued parameter.
0 if U_Init is stopped
0 if U_Init is running
Each array valued parameter is shown in Table 13.
4.8 Kepco (Korea Electric Power Corporation)
The equipment corresponding to the heat through Kepco (Korea Electric Power Corporation) is shown in FIG.
The properties of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 14.
0 if U_Init is stopped
0 if U_Init is running
Table 15 shows the array valued parameters.
4.9 Accumulator
The screen of the Accumulator is shown in FIG.
The attributes of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 16, and the Accumulator consists of only single value.
Heat retention amount of heat storage tank after 24 hours: Q_Init ㅁ DDL
4.10 Incinerator
The input screen of Incinerator is shown in Fig.
The attributes of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 17.
Each array valued parameter is shown in Table 18.
4.11 Area Heat Requirement
The area heat requirement is shown in FIG.
The attributes of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 19.
Q_Demand + DOF
Each array valued parameter is shown in Table 20.
4.12 Branch
Branches are shown in Fig.
The attributes of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 21.
Each array valued parameter is shown in Table 22.
4.13 Summation
Summation is a facility that combines two lines into one line. Therefore, In1 + In2 = Out1. When the equipment is double-clicked, a screen as shown in FIG. 25 is displayed. The attributes of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 23.
4.14 Out
Out facility is a facility that indicates that heat is no longer being used and is exiting.
If you double-click the icon, the screen shown in Figure 26 appears.
The attributes of each single valued parameter are shown in Table 24.
As described above, although the present invention has been described by way of limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the technical idea of the present invention and the following by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Of course, various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of equivalents of the claims to be described.
Claims (3)
A basic model of equipment for energy production and consumption corresponding to the visual image format displayed and clicked or dragged and dropped;
An energy network in which at least two basic models are connected by clicking or dragging and dropping with a mouse;
An internal logic for automatically generating a cost function and a constraint according to a predetermined rule corresponding to the basic model when the energy network is configured;
Comprising parameters for the basic model entered by a user;
When a planning button provided on the screen is clicked, the control system for electric and thermal energy production and distribution, characterized in that for generating an optimum production and distribution plan according to the components.
The internal logic cost determination function,
In calculating energy production and selling price, SMP based costing is calculated in case of competitive bidding, SPA based costing in case of settlement by PPA, and SMP based costing. Is selected from fuel based costing and heat based costing;
The heat based costing (cost based costing) is Cost [Kwon / Hr] = total unit cost of production heat = production calories [Gcal / Hr] * heat unit cost [Kwon / Gcal] * maximum efficiency / efficiency, the fuel based costing ( Fuel-based costing) includes the production and distribution of electricity and thermal energy, characterized in that Cost [Kwon / Hr] = total unit cost of production heat = production calorie [Gcal / Hr] * thermal unit cost [Kwon / Gcal] * maximum efficiency / efficiency. Control system.
The parameters are global section, gas turbine, heat recovery steam generator, heat pump, peak loader boiler, extraction condensing steam turbine, rear pressure steam turbine, Korea Electric Power Corporation, heat storage, incinerator, local heat demand, station, combined operation, output It is configured to click and input, each parameter is a control system for the production and distribution of electrical and thermal energy, characterized in that the button is provided so that the user can be stored in an Excel file.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020120071550A KR101443159B1 (en) | 2012-07-02 | 2012-07-02 | the control system for the generation and supply of power and heat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020120071550A KR101443159B1 (en) | 2012-07-02 | 2012-07-02 | the control system for the generation and supply of power and heat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| KR20140004309A true KR20140004309A (en) | 2014-01-13 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20160042554A (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2016-04-20 | (주)제이에이치에너지 | The Development Of Optimal Operation Planning And Price Evaluating Algorithm For Heat Trading Between Combined Heat and Power Plants |
| KR20180003055A (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 현대일렉트릭앤에너지시스템(주) | Power system and control method thereof |
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| JP2000274308A (en) | 1999-03-25 | 2000-10-03 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Operation control method for cogeneration system and cogeneration system |
| JP2003314367A (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-06 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Operation support system and operation management system for cogeneration system |
| JP2005163704A (en) | 2003-12-04 | 2005-06-23 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Cogeneration control system, cogeneration control method, and cogeneration control program |
| KR101015047B1 (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2011-02-16 | 한국전기연구원 | MicroGrid Operation Control Method and Apparatus Considering Combined Heat and Power Plant |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20160042554A (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2016-04-20 | (주)제이에이치에너지 | The Development Of Optimal Operation Planning And Price Evaluating Algorithm For Heat Trading Between Combined Heat and Power Plants |
| KR20180003055A (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 현대일렉트릭앤에너지시스템(주) | Power system and control method thereof |
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