KR20130128822A - Composition for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disease containing l-histidine, hydrazide - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating brain disorders and, more particularly, to a pharmaceutical composition or a food composition containing L-histidine and hydrazide for preventing or treating Alzheimer’s dementia. L-histidine and hydrazide which are active ingredients reduce the activity of gamma-secratase and suppress the generation of A beta which causes apoptosis of nerve cells in Alzheimer’s dementia. Therefore, the composition containing L-histidine and hydrazide as active ingredients is used as a composition for preventing or treating brain disorders related to Alzheimer’s dementia and is also used as a health food composition.

Description

Composition for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disease containing L-Histidine, hydrazide, including L-Hｉｓｔｉｄｉｎｅ, ｈｙｄｒａｚｉｄｅ

The present invention relates to a composition for the prevention or treatment of brain diseases, and more particularly to a pharmaceutical composition or food composition for the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's dementia, including L-Histidine, hydrazide.

Alzheimer's disease affects about 3% of people aged 65-74, about 19% of people aged 75-84, and 50% of people over 85 years old. According to the report, about 21% of people over 60 years of age have dementia, and 63% of them are Alzheimer's dementia.

Alzheimer's dementia is a disease that accounts for 50-70% of dementia resulting from gradual neuronal degeneration. Familial Alzheimer's dementia caused by genetic factors and the exact cause are unknown, but a large number of patients It is divided into sporadic Alzheimer's dementia, which develops in. Alzheimer's dementia patients have complex cognitive deficits by showing psychological symptoms such as mental and physical abnormalities, including memory loss and increased anxiety and irritability. Senile plaque and neurofibrillary tangles appear as pathological features in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's dementia. Among them, senile plaques are formed by accumulation of proteins and dead cells, etc., outside the cell, and its main component is amyloid beta peptides (Aβ) (Hardy, J. et al, Nat Neurosci. 1: 355- 358, 1998). The progressive loss of cognitive function, a major feature of Alzheimer's dementia patients, is caused by abnormally accumulated Aβ. Aβ deposited in the brain of Alzheimer's dementia patients is produced through proteolysis from amyloid precursor protein (APP). The precursor APP is degraded by beta-secretase (BACE1) and gamma-secretase (γ-secretase) to produce Aβ (Craven, R., Nat Rev. Neurosci. 2: 533, 2001; David , HS et al., Nat Rev. Neurosci. 2: 595-598, 2001; Yankner, BA, Neuron 16: 921-932, 1996; Selkoe, DJ, Nature 399: A23-A31, 1999).

Gamma-secretase plays an important role in producing A [beta], a major cause of Alzheimer's dementia. Gamma-secretase is a co-complex proteolytic activator consisting of four proteins, for example presenilin, nicastrin, pen-2, aph-1. Presenilins represent a new group of anomalous aspartyl proteases that are essential for the activity of gamma-secretase and cleave in the trans membranes of these substrates to become polytopic membrane proteins themselves. Nicastin is a protein of relatively large molecular weight and is a structural unit of gamma-secretase present in the cell membrane, and when present on the cell surface, it serves as a receptor while the nycastrin is directed out of the cell. It also forms bonds with several cells in the cell membrane, including APP. Once the bond is formed, the APP is moved to the active site of gamma-secretase, where the protein splits into two sites where Aβ is released from the cell and the other site remains inside the cell. When Aβ secreted out of the cells accumulates in the brain and makes plaques, it is a typical characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. The exact function of pen-2 and aph-1 is unknown (Wolfe MS, Biochemistry, 2006, 45, 7931-9).

In particular, oxidative stress increases the production of Aβ, and it has been reported that oxidatively modified proteins and lipids are increased around Aβ in Alzheimer's patients and animal models (Sultana R, Acta. Neuropatho., 2009, 118, 131-51). The brains of Alzheimer's patients and the elderly are rich in 4-hydoxynonenal (HNE), a lipid peroxidation substance. HNE increases the activity of gamma-secretase, which results in increased production of Aβ.

Therefore, a substance that lowers the activity of gamma-secretase by HNE, a lipid peroxidation substance accumulated in Alzheimer's disease, can be used as an agent for preventing and treating Alzheimer's dementia.

While studying the oxidative stress in Alzheimer's dementia, L-Histidine and hydrazide reduced the activity of gamma-secretase under oxidative stress and inhibited the production of Aβ. In addition, when administered to an animal model of Alzheimer's dementia, it inhibited the binding of HNE and Nicastin, which act as a receptor for gamma-secretase, decreased the activity of gamma-secretase, and inhibited the production of Aβ. After confirming, the present invention was completed.

Accordingly, the present invention is to provide a composition for preventing and treating Alzheimer's dementia, including L-Histidine, hydrazide, which reduces the activity of gamma-secretase.

However, the technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned problem, another task that is not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of degenerative brain diseases containing L-Histidine, Hydrazide as an active ingredient.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the brain disease is characterized by Alzheimer's disease, but is not limited thereto.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a food composition for the prevention or improvement of degenerative brain diseases containing L-Histidine, Hydrazide as an active ingredient.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the brain disease is characterized by Alzheimer's disease, but is not limited thereto.

L-Histidine, Hydrazide as an active ingredient of the present invention reduces the activity of gamma-secretase and has an effect of inhibiting the production of Aβ, which causes brain neuron death in Alzheimer's dementia. Therefore, the composition containing the L-Histidine, Hydrazide of the present invention as an active ingredient can be usefully used as a composition for the prevention, improvement or treatment of Alzheimer's dementia-related brain diseases, in addition to the health functional food composition have.

Figure 1 shows the activity of gamma-secretase in the oxidative stress conditions of L-Histidine, hydrazide in brain neurons of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the production of Aβ40 in the oxidative stress conditions of L-Histidine, hydrazide in brain neurons of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows the production of Aβ42 in the oxidative stress conditions of L-Histidine, hydrazide in brain neurons of the present invention.
Figure 4 shows the activity of gamma-secretase of L-Histidine, hydrazide in the Alzheimer's dementia animal model of the present invention.
Figure 5 shows the production of Aβ40 of L-Histidine, hydrazide in the Alzheimer's dementia animal model of the present invention.
Figure 6 shows the production of Aβ42 of L-Histidine, hydrazide in the Alzheimer's dementia animal model of the present invention.
Figure 7 shows the production rate of Aβ40 / Aβ42 of L-Histidine, hydrazide in the Alzheimer's dementia animal model of the present invention.
Figure 8 illustrates the binding of L-Histidine, hydrazide HNE and niacin in the Alzheimer's dementia animal model of the present invention.
Figure 9 shows the quantification of the binding of L-Histidine, hydrazide HNE and niacin in the animal model of Alzheimer's dementia.

The present invention is to provide a composition for improving, preventing and treating brain diseases containing L-Histidine, hydrazide as an active ingredient. Stroke in connection with the brain disease, preferably Alzheimer's dementia, but is not limited thereto.

The composition includes a pharmaceutical composition and a food composition.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

L-Histidine, hydrazide according to the present invention is represented by the following formula 1, the molecular formula C ₆ H ₁₁ N ₅ O, molecular weight 169.1, CAS No. 46119-06-6.

The compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 may be prepared by a known chemical synthesis method, or a commercial reagent may be purchased (Kingston Chemistry, USA).

L-Histidine and hydrazide according to the present invention reduce the activity of gamma-secretase and inhibit the production of Aβ in Alzheimer's dementia animal models and brain neurons.

As described above, L-Histidine, hydrazide according to the present invention reduces the activity of gamma-secretase in Alzheimer's dementia animal models and brain neurons, inhibits the production of Aβ and prevents the death of brain neurons. It can be used as a medicine and health functional food useful for the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

As used herein, the term "prophylactic " means any action that inhibits or delays the onset of a metabolic disorder by administration of the composition of the present invention.

As used herein, the term "treatment" means any action that improves or alleviates symptoms due to metabolic diseases by the administration of the composition of the present invention.

The composition of the present invention can be used alone or in combination with methods using surgery, hormone therapy, drug therapy and biological response modifiers for the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

When the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is formulated, it is prepared using diluents or excipients such as fillers, extenders, binders, humectants, disintegrants, surfactants and the like which are usually used.

Solid formulations for oral administration include tablets, patients, powders, granules, capsules, troches and the like, which may contain one or more excipients such as starch, calcium carbonate Sucrose, lactose, or gelatin. In addition to simple excipients, lubricants such as magnesium stearate talc are also used. Liquid preparations for oral administration include suspensions, solutions, emulsions or syrups. Various excipients such as wetting agents, sweeteners, fragrances, preservatives and the like are included in addition to commonly used simple diluents such as water and liquid paraffin. .

Formulations for parenteral administration include sterilized aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions, freeze-dried preparations, suppositories, and the like.

Examples of the non-aqueous solvent and suspending agent include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oil such as olive oil, injectable ester such as ethyl oleate, and the like. As a base for suppositories, witepsol, macrogol, tween 61, cacao paper, laurin, glycerol, gelatin and the like can be used.

The composition of the present invention may be administered orally or parenterally (for example, intravenously, subcutaneously, intraperitoneally or topically) depending on the desired method, and the dose may be determined depending on the condition and weight of the patient, The mode of administration, the route of administration, and the time, but may be suitably selected by those skilled in the art.

The composition according to the invention is administered in a pharmaceutically effective amount. In the present invention, "pharmaceutically effective amount" means an amount sufficient to treat a disease at a reasonable benefit / risk ratio applicable to medical treatment, and an effective dosage level is determined depending on the type of disease, severity, , Sensitivity to the drug, time of administration, route of administration and rate of release, duration of treatment, factors including co-administered drugs, and other factors well known in the medical arts. The composition of the present invention can be administered as an individual therapeutic agent or in combination with other therapeutic agents, and can be administered sequentially or simultaneously with conventional therapeutic agents, and can be administered singly or in multiple doses. It is important to take into account all of the above factors and to administer the amount in which the maximum effect can be obtained in a minimal amount without side effects, which can be easily determined by those skilled in the art.

Specifically, the effective amount of the compound according to the present invention may vary depending on the age, sex, and body weight of the patient. In general, 0.1 to 100 mg, preferably 0.5 to 10 mg per kg of body weight is administered daily or every other day or 1 It may be administered one to three times a day. However, the dosage may be varied depending on the route of administration, the severity of obesity, sex, weight, age, etc. Therefore, the dosage is not limited to the scope of the present invention by any means.

As another aspect, the present invention relates to a health functional food composition for the prevention or amelioration of brain disease comprising a compound represented by the formula (1), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. That is, the composition of the present invention may be used simultaneously or separately with a medicament for treating a disease before or after the onset of the brain disease for the prevention or improvement of the brain disease.

As used herein, the term “improvement” means any action that at least reduces the parameters associated with the condition being treated, eg the extent of symptoms.

There is no particular limitation on the kind of the food. Examples of the foods to which the above substances can be added include dairy products including dairy products, meat, sausage, bread, biscuits, rice cakes, chocolate, candies, snacks, confectionery, pizza, ramen and other noodles, gums, ice cream, Beverages, alcoholic beverages and vitamin complexes, dairy products, and dairy products, all of which include health functional foods in a conventional sense.

The composition of the present invention can be added directly to food or used together with other food or food ingredients, and can be suitably used according to conventional methods. The amount of the active ingredient to be mixed can be suitably determined according to the intended use (for prevention or improvement). In general, in the manufacture of food or beverages the compositions of the invention are added in an amount of up to 15% by weight, preferably up to 10% by weight relative to the raw materials. However, in the case of prolonged intake for health and hygiene purposes or health control purposes, the amount may be below the above range.

The composition for health beverages of the present invention is not particularly limited to other components other than those containing the above-mentioned compounds as essential components in the indicated ratios, and may contain various flavors or natural carbohydrates as additional components such as ordinary beverages. Examples of the above-mentioned natural carbohydrates include monosaccharides such as glucose, fructose and the like; Disaccharides such as maltose, sucrose and the like; And conventional sugars such as polysaccharides such as dextrin, cyclodextrin, and sugar alcohols such as xylitol, sorbitol, and erythritol. As flavoring agents other than those mentioned above, natural flavoring agents (tauumatin, stevia extract (for example, rebaudioside A, glycyrrhizin, etc.) and synthetic flavoring agents (saccharin, aspartame, etc.) can be advantageously used. The proportion of the natural carbohydrate can be appropriately determined by the choice of those skilled in the art.

In addition to the above, the composition for a health functional food of the present invention may further contain various kinds of nutrients, vitamins, minerals (electrolytes), flavors such as synthetic flavors and natural flavors, colorants and intermediates such as cheese and chocolate, , Alginic acid and its salts, organic acids, protective colloid thickeners, pH adjusting agents, stabilizers, preservatives, glycerin, alcohols, carbonating agents used in carbonated drinks and the like. In addition, the composition of the present invention may contain fruit flesh for the production of natural fruit juices and fruit juice beverages and vegetable beverages. These components may be used independently or in combination. The ratios of these additives can also be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention. However, the following examples are provided only for the purpose of easier understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited by the examples.

Example  1. L- in Brain Neurons Histidine , hydrazide Gamma- Three Cretaceous  Effect on activity

In order to determine the effect of L-Histidine, hydrazide of the present invention on the activity of gamma-secretase in brain neurons, the following experiment was performed.

In order to confirm whether gamma-secretase activity is reduced by L-Histidine and hydrazide in brain neurons, rat primary cortical neurons were used. The brain was isolated to the fetus of the rat 18 days after pregnancy. The brains of isolated embryos were digested into monomer cells by Trypsin / EDTA (Well Gene) to become primary neurons. Primary neurons were used in the experiment after 9 days of maintenance in an incubator maintained at 37 ° C. and 5% CO ₂ in Neurobasal mediam (Invitrogen) containing B-27 supplement (Gibuco). Nine-day primary neurons were treated with L-Histidine and hydrazide for 0.5 hour after 10 mM HNE, which caused oxidative stress for 24 hours, to determine gamma-secretase activity. Gamma-secretase activity was measured using a λ-secretase activity kit (R & D Systems).

Changes in the activity of gamma-secretase by L-Histidine and hydrazide in the brain neurons of the present invention are shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the activity of gamma-secretase was increased by HNE, but the activity of gamma-secretase was decreased by L-Histidine and hydrazide.

Example  2. L- in Brain Neurons Histidine , hydrazide Effect on Aβ production

The In order to determine the effects of L-Histidine and hydrazide on the production of Aβ in brain neurons, the following experiments were performed.

The amyloid precursor protein APP-expressed neuroblasts (SH-SY5Y) were treated with L-Histidine and hydrazide for 0.2 hours or 0.2 mM or 0.5 mM for 24 hours with 10 µM HNE causing oxidative stress for 24 hours to measure the production of Aβ. It was. Aβ was measured using the Human Amyloid β (1-40) assay kit (IBL) and Human Amyloid β (1-42) assay kit (IBL).

Changes in A [beta] production by L-Histidine and hydrazide in the brain neurons of the present invention are shown in Figs.

As shown in FIG. 2, the treatment of HNE increased the production of Aβ 40, but decreased the production of Aβ 40 by 0.2 mM and 0.5 mM L-Histidine and hydrazide.

As shown in FIG. 3, the treatment of HNE increased the production of Aβ 42 but decreased the production of Aβ 42 by 0.2 mM and 0.5 mM L-Histidine and hydrazide.

Example  3. L- in Alzheimer's Dementia Animal Model Histidine , hydrazide Effect on gamma-secretase activity

In order to determine the effect of L-Histidine, hydrazide of the present invention on the activity of gamma-secretase in the Alzheimer's dementia animal model, the following experiment was performed.

To determine whether gamma-secretase activity was reduced in the Alzheimer's dementia animal model, 3xTg-AD mouse, which is an Alzheimer's dementia animal model, was used. 3xTg-AD mice are overexpressed presenilin, amyloid proprotein (APP) and tau genes, which are frequently found in Alzheimer's disease, and are currently used in Alzheimer's dementia research. Oddo S. et al, 2003, Neuron, 39, 409-21). 7-month-old 3xTg-AD mice were intraperitoneally injected with L-Histidine and hydrazide once every two days for 20 weeks at 20 mg / kg. Brains were extracted from 3xTg-AD mice administered L-Histidine and hydrazide to determine the activity of gamma-secretase. Gamma-secretase activity was measured using a λ-secretase activity kit (R & D Systems), and the results are shown in FIG. 4.

As shown in FIG. 4, when L-Histidine and hydrazide were administered to 3xTg-AD mice, which were Alzheimer's dementia model, the activity of gamma-secretase decreased.

Example  4. L- in Alzheimer's Dementia Animal Model Histidine , hydrazide Effect on A generation

In order to determine the effect of L-Histidine, hydrazide of the present invention on Aβ in the Alzheimer's dementia animal model, the following experiment was performed.

3xTg-AD mice, the Alzheimer's animal model used in Example 3, were injected with L-Histidine and hydrazide for 4 weeks, and brains were extracted. The extracted brain was measured for the production of Aβ using Human Amyloid β (1-40) assay kit (IBL) and Human Amyloid β (1-42) assay kit (IBL).

Changes in A [beta] production by L-Histidine and hydrazide in the Alzheimer's dementia animal model of the present invention are shown in Figures 5 and 6, the production rate of Aβ 42/40 is shown in Figure 7.

As shown in FIG. 5, when L-Histidine and hydrazide were administered to 3xTg-AD mice, which are Alzheimer's dementia animals, the production of Aβ40 decreased.

As shown in FIG. 6, when L-Histidine and hydrazide were administered to 3xTg-AD mice, which are Alzheimer's dementia animals, the production of Aβ42 decreased.

In addition, as shown in Figure 7, when the administration of L-Histidine, hydrazide, the production rate of Aβ42 / 40 was more reduced, the production of toxic Aβ42 was further reduced.

Example  5. L- in Alzheimer's Dementia Animal Model Histidine , hydrazide end HNE Wow Nicastrin  Impact on binding

In order to confirm the effect of L-Histidine, hydrazide of the present invention on the binding of Nicastin, which acts as a receptor for gamma-secretase, to produce Aβ in the Alzheimer's dementia animal model, and HNE, an oxidative stress substance, The same experiment was performed.

Brains were harvested after intraperitoneal administration of L-Histidine and hydrazide for 4 weeks to 3xTg-AD mice, the Alzheimer's dementia animal model used in Example 3. Immunoprecipitation (Immunoprecipitaion) was used to confirm the binding of niacin and HNE. The extracted brain was crushed using a homogenizer (Roche) and tissue lysate (RIPA) was added. Potein G-Agarose (GenDepot) and Nikastrin antibody in a homogeneous tissue and stirred in a 4 ℃ refrigerator for 12 hours, the sample buffer was added to boil at 100 ℃ for 10 minutes. The prepared sample confirmed the binding of the oxidative stress HNE and nicaastrin in a Western blot.

In the Alzheimer's dementia animal model of the present invention, the binding of HNE and niacin by L-Histidine and hydrazide and the results of quantification thereof are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, when L-Histidine and hydrazide were administered to 3xTg-AD mice, which are Alzheimer's dementia animal models, the binding of HNE, which is an oxidative stress substance, was reduced.

      Examples of formulations for the composition of the present invention are illustrated below.

Formulation example  1. Preparation of pharmaceutical preparations

1. Manufacturing of powder

L-Histidine, hydrazide 200mg

Lactose 100mg

The above components were mixed and packed in airtight bags to prepare powders.

2. Preparation of tablets

L-Histidine, hydrazide 200mg

Corn Starch 100mg

Lactose 100 mg

Magnesium stearate 2 mg

After mixing the above components, tablets were prepared by tableting according to a conventional method for producing tablets.

3. Preparation of Capsule

L-Histidine, hydrazide 200mg

Corn Starch 100mg

Lactose 100 mg

Magnesium stearate 2 mg

After mixing the above components, the capsules were filled in gelatin capsules according to the conventional preparation method of capsules.

4. Preparation of injections

L-Histidine, hydrazide 200mg

100 mg mannitol

Na ₂ HPO ₄ 12H ₂ O 2mg

Sterile sterilized water for injection

Injection was prepared by mixing the above components per ampoule (2 mL) according to the usual injection preparation method.

Formulation example  2. Manufacturing of food

Foods containing L-Histidine, hydrazide of the present invention were prepared as follows.

1. Preparation of cooking seasoning

L-Histidine, hydrazide 20 ~ 95% by weight to prepare a cooking seasoning for health promotion.

2. Manufacture of tomato ketchup and sauce

Health promotion tomato ketchup or sauce was prepared by adding 0.2-1.0 wt% of L-Histidine and hydrazide to tomato ketchup or sauce.

3. Manufacture of flour food

L-Histidine and 0.5 to 5.0 wt% of hydrazide were added to the flour, and bread, cake, cookies, crackers and noodles were prepared using the mixture to prepare health promoting foods.

4. Manufacture of soups and gravies

L-Histidine and hydrazide 0.1 ~ 5.0% by weight was added to the soup and gravy to prepare health products, noodles soup and gravy.

5. Manufacture of ground beef

10% by weight of L-Histidine and hydrazide were added to ground beef to prepare ground beef for health promotion.

6. Manufacture of dairy products

L-Histidine, 5-10% by weight of hydrazide was added to the milk, and various dairy products such as butter and ice cream were prepared using the milk.

Formulation example  3. Manufacturing of beverage

1. Manufacture of carbonated beverages

L-Histidine, 10 ~ 15% hydrazide, 5 ~ 10% sugar, 0.05 ~ 0.3% citric acid, 0.005 ~ 0.02% caramel, 0.1 ~ 1% vitamin C, and 75 ~ 80% purified water Made syrup The syrup was sterilized at 85 to 98 ° C. for 20 to 180 seconds, mixed with cooling water at a ratio of 1: 4, and 0.5 to 0.82% of carbon dioxide was injected to prepare a carbonated beverage containing a gamma-secretase inhibitor.

2. Manufacture of health drinks

L-Histidine, hydrazide (2.5% solids, 97.16%), jujube extract (65 brix, 2.67%), complex extract (70% solids, 0.12%), vitamin C (0.02%), calcium pantonthenate (0.02%) , Licorice extract (65% solids, 0.01% solids) was homogeneously blended for instant sterilization and then packaged in small packaging containers such as glass bottles and plastic bottles to prepare a healthy beverage.

3. Preparation of Vegetable Juice

0.5 g of L-Histidine and hydrazide were added to 1,000 ml of tomato or carrot juice to prepare vegetable juice for health promotion.

4. Preparation of Fruit Juice

0.1 g of L-Histidine and hydrazide were added to 1,000 ml of apple or grape juice to prepare fruit juice for health promotion.

The foregoing description of the present invention is intended for illustration, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be easily modified in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, the embodiments described above are to be understood in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.

Claims (4)

A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating degenerative brain disease, comprising L-Histidine or Hydrazide as an active ingredient. The method of claim 1,
The brain disease is characterized in that Alzheimer's disease (alzheimer's disease), prophylactic or therapeutic pharmaceutical composition. Food composition for the prevention or improvement of degenerative brain diseases containing L-Histidine, Hydrazide as an active ingredient. The method of claim 3, wherein
The brain disease is characterized in that Alzheimer's disease (alzheimer's disease), food composition for prevention or improvement.

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