KR20130081523A - High efficiency and wide range dc/dc converter circuit and the dc/dc converter adopting the circuit - Google Patents

High efficiency and wide range dc/dc converter circuit and the dc/dc converter adopting the circuit Download PDF

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KR20130081523A
KR20130081523A KR1020120002544A KR20120002544A KR20130081523A KR 20130081523 A KR20130081523 A KR 20130081523A KR 1020120002544 A KR1020120002544 A KR 1020120002544A KR 20120002544 A KR20120002544 A KR 20120002544A KR 20130081523 A KR20130081523 A KR 20130081523A
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converter
voltage
fet
power
circuit
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KR1020120002544A
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Korean (ko)
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김진국
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김진국
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H02M1/092—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices the control signals being transmitted optically
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/04—Modifications for accelerating switching
    • H03K17/042—Modifications for accelerating switching by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/04206—Modifications for accelerating switching by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A high efficiency and high input voltage DC/DC converter circuit and a DC/DC converter which selects the same are provided to maximize the efficiency of the DC/DC converter by directly rectifying and driving a common AC power. CONSTITUTION: A photo-coupler (PHC) functions as a gate-driving element of a FET (Q1). The FET evenly maintains an output voltage (Vout) while repeating on/off. A zener voltage of a first zener diode (ZD1) is applied between the gate terminal and source terminal of the FET. A power source which is charged in a second condenser (C2) is used as the on/off driving power of the FET. The charging voltage of the second condenser is voltage-divided in a third resistance (R3) and a fourth resistance (R4).

Description

고효율, 고입력전압 DC/DC 컨버터 회로 및 그 회로를 채택한 DC/DC컨버터{High Efficiency and wide range DC/DC converter circuit and the DC/DC converter adopting the circuit.}High efficiency and wide range DC / DC converter circuit and the DC / DC converter adopting the circuit.

본 발명은 전자·전기 제품의 직류 구동전원으로 사용되는 DC/DC컨버터 회로에 관한 것으로, AC상용 교류입력전압을 직접 정류하여 구동하는 것이 가능할 만큼 입력전압의 범위가 넓으면서, DC/DC컨버터를 구성하고 있는 스위칭 소자의 소모전력을 극소화 하여 결과적으로 효율을 극대화 한 DC/DC컨버터에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a DC / DC converter circuit used as a DC driving power source for electronic and electrical products. The present invention relates to a DC / DC converter that minimizes power consumption of a switching device and maximizes efficiency.

종래의 DC/DC컨버터는 DC/DC컨버터 출력전원과 별도로 DC/DC컨버터 회로구동용전원을 구성하여 DC/DC컨버터의 스위칭소자를 구동하고 있기 때문에, 효율이 떨어지는 단점이 있었다. 따라서 상용AC 전원을 정류하여 구동하는 DC/DC 컨버터이면서 자체구동용 전원을 필요로 하지 않는 효율이 좋고 가격경쟁력이 있는 그러한 DC/DC컨버터가 요구되어 왔다.Conventional DC / DC converter has a disadvantage in that the efficiency is lowered because the DC / DC converter switching power supply to configure the DC / DC converter circuit driving power supply separately from the DC / DC converter output power source. Therefore, there has been a demand for such a DC / DC converter that rectifies and drives commercial AC power, but does not require a self-powered power source.

본 발명의 목적은 상용AC전원을 직접 [반파 또는 전파]정류하여 구동하는 DC/DC컨버터이면서 자체구동전원을 구성하지 않고 출력전원을 자체 구동전원으로 사용할 수 있도록 함으로써 DC/DC컨버터의 효율을 극대화 하고 또한 가격경쟁력이 있는 그러한 DC/DC컨버터를 제공함에 있다.An object of the present invention is to maximize the efficiency of the DC / DC converter by allowing the output power to be used as a self-driven power source without configuring a self-driven power source and DC / DC converter to drive the commercial AC power directly [half-wave or radio wave] And also to provide such a DC / DC converter that is price competitive.

본 발명은 DC/DC컨버터의 입력전원단자에 DC전원이 공급되면 DC/DC컨버터용 스위칭소자가 자동으로 온[ON]되어 출력전원이 생성되도록하고 출력전원의 전압이 목표치에 도달되면 상기스위칭 소자를 오프[OFF]시킨다. 상기 스위칭소자가 OFF하면 출력전원의 전압이 내려가게 되는데, 기준치 이하로 내려가면 다시 상기 스위칭 소자가 ON되게 한다. 이상과 같이 상기 스위칭소자가 ON/OFF를 반복하면서 출력전압이 일정하게 유지되도록 한다.According to the present invention, when DC power is supplied to the input power terminal of the DC / DC converter, the switching element for the DC / DC converter is automatically turned on to generate an output power, and when the voltage of the output power reaches a target value, the switching element OFF. When the switching device is OFF, the voltage of the output power is lowered. When the switching device is lowered below the reference value, the switching device is turned on again. As described above, the switching device keeps the output voltage constant while repeating ON / OFF.

본 발명의 DC/DC컨버터는 상용AC전원을 직접 정류하여 구동하면서 자체 구동용전원을 필요로하고있지 않기 때문에 DC/DC컨버터의 효율을 극대화 하면서 또한 가격경쟁력을 상승시키는 효과가 있다.Since the DC / DC converter of the present invention does not require its own driving power while directly rectifying and driving commercial AC power, it has the effect of maximizing the efficiency of the DC / DC converter and increasing the price competitiveness.

도1은 본 발명의 고효율,고입력전압 DC/DC컨버터의 일 실시예에 있어서의 회로 구성도.
＜도면의 주요 부분에대한 부호의 설명＞
Vin ; 입력전원
Vout ; 출력전원
(+) ; (+)단자
(-) ; (-)단자
Vout(+) ; Vout(+)단자

Figure pat00001
; (-)단자를 나타내는 아이콘
Q1 ; FET
Q2 ; 트란지스터
U1 ; 비교기 (comparator)
PHC ; 광 결합기 (photo coupler)
L ; coil
ZD1 ; 제 1 제너다이오드
ZD2 ; 제 2 제너다이오드
D1 ; 다이오드
C1,∼C3 ; 제1,∼제3콘덴서
R1∼R6 ; 제1∼제6저항1 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of a high efficiency, high input voltage DC / DC converter of the present invention;
<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawings>
Vin; Input power
Vout; Output power
(+); (+) Terminal
(-); (-)Terminals
Vout (+); Vout (+) terminal
Figure pat00001
; Icon representing (-) terminal
Q 1 ; FET
Q 2 ; Transistor
U 1 ; Comparator
PHC; Photo coupler
L; coil
Z D1 ; First Zener Diode
Z D2 ; Second Zener Diode
D 1 ; diode
C 1 , to C 3 ; 1st to 3rd capacitor
R 1 to R 6 ; 1st to 6th resistor

이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 고효율, 고입력전압 DC/DC컨버터의 동작 원리를 도면과 함께 상세히 설명한다. 도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 대한 회로 구성도이다. 도1에서 입력전원[Vin]단자에 직류전원이 가해지면 FET[Q1]의 게이트 단자와 소스단자간에는 제1제너다이오드[ZD1]의 제너전압이 가해지게 되어 상기 제너전압을 FET[Q1]의 ON전압보다 높게 설정하면 상기 FET가 ON되어 코일[L]을 통하여 제2콘덴서[C2]에 충전전류가 흐르게되고 제2콘덴서의 충전전압이 상승하게 된다. 제2콘덴서에 충전된 전원은 출력전원[Vout]으로 사용되면서 본 발명의 DC/DC컨버터 스위칭소자인 FET[Q1]의 ON/OFF구동전원으로도 사용되고 있다. 제2콘덴서의 충전전압은 제3저항[R3]과 제4저항[R4]으로 분압되어 비교기[U1]의 (+)단자에 가지고 있기 때문에 상기 비교기의 (+)단자전압이 (-)단자전압보다 상승하게 되면 상기 비교기의 출력은 High가 되어 트란지스터[Q2]를 ON시킨다. 상기 Q2가 ON하면 포토커플러[PHC] 입력측 다이오드가 ON되고 출력측 트란지스터가 ON되어 상기 FET[Q1]가 OFF한다. 상기 FET가 OFF하면 상기코일(L)에 자기에너지가 역기전력을 생성하여 제1다이오드[D1]와 코일(L)을 통하여 상기 제2콘덴서[C2]에 충전전류는 계속하여 흐르게 되고, 상기 코일[L]에 축적된 에너지가 소진되면 상기 C2에의 충전전류가 흐르지 않게되어 출력전압[Vout]은 낮아지게되고 따라서 상기 비교기[U1]의 (+)단자전압이 (-)단자전압보다 낮아지게 되어 비교기의 출력은 Low를 출력하게 되고 상기 트란지스터[Q2]와 상기 포토커플러[PHC]가 OFF하게되며 따라서 상기 FET의 게이트단자와 소스단자사이에는 제너전압이 가해져서 상기 FET가 ON되어 상기C2에는 다시 충전전류가 흐르게 되어 DC/DC컨버터의 출력전압[Vout]은 다시 상승하게 된다. 이러한 방식으로 상기 FET[Q1]가 ON/OFF를 반복하면서 출력전압[Vout]을 일정하게 유지하도록 동작한다. 예를 들어 DC/DC컨버터의 출력전압을 15VDC로 하고 비교기의 (-)단자에 가하는 기준전압[ZD2의 제너전압]을 2.5VDC로 설정한다고 하면, R4의 저항치를 10K로 할 경우 R3의 저항치를 50K로 하면 된다. 이것은 상기 비교기의 (+)단자전압이 2.5VDC가 유지되도록 스위칭소자인 FET가 ON/OFF 동작을 반복하기 때문이며, 이것은The operation principle of the high efficiency, high input voltage DC / DC converter of the present invention for achieving the above object will be described in detail with the drawings. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, when a DC power is applied to the input power [Vin] terminal, a zener voltage of the first zener diode [Z D1 ] is applied between the gate terminal and the source terminal of the FET [Q 1 ] to convert the zener voltage to the FET [Q 1]. Is set higher than the ON voltage, the FET is turned on so that a charging current flows through the coil [L] to the second capacitor [C 2 ], and the charging voltage of the second capacitor is increased. The power charged in the second capacitor is used as the output power [Vout] and also used as the ON / OFF drive power of the FET [Q 1 ], which is the DC / DC converter switching element of the present invention. Since the charging voltage of the second capacitor is divided by the third resistor [R 3 ] and the fourth resistor [R 4 ] and is provided at the (+) terminal of the comparator [U 1 ], the positive terminal voltage of the comparator is (- When the voltage rises above the terminal voltage, the output of the comparator becomes high to turn on the transistor [Q 2 ]. When Q 2 is turned on, the photocoupler [PHC] input side diode is turned on, and the output side transistor is turned on and the FET [Q 1 ] is turned off. When the FET is turned off, magnetic energy in the coil L generates counter electromotive force, and a charging current continuously flows through the first diode D1 and the coil L to the second capacitor C 2. When the energy accumulated in [L] is exhausted, the charging current to C 2 does not flow and the output voltage [Vout] is lowered. Therefore, the positive terminal voltage of the comparator [U 1 ] is lower than the negative terminal voltage. The output of the comparator outputs Low, and the transistor [Q 2 ] and the photocoupler [PHC] are turned off. Therefore, a zener voltage is applied between the gate terminal and the source terminal of the FET so that the FET is turned on. The charging current flows again to the C 2 so that the output voltage [Vout] of the DC / DC converter rises again. In this way, the FET [Q 1 ] operates to keep the output voltage [Vout] constant while repeating ON / OFF. For example, the DC / DC output voltage to 15V DC converter and comparator of the (-) to set said reference voltage [Zener voltage Z of D2] applied to the DC terminal to 2.5V, if the value of resistance of R 4 to 10K What is necessary is just to set the resistance value of R <3> to 50K. This is because the switching element FET repeats the ON / OFF operation so that the positive terminal voltage of the comparator is maintained at 2.5V DC.

Figure pat00002
Figure pat00002

가 되기 위해서는 Vout = 15VDC 가 되어야하기 때문이다. 도1에서 제3콘덴서[C3]는 ON/OFF주파수를 설정하기 위한 콘덴서이고, 스위칭 소자[FET]를 포토커플러를 통해서 ON/OFF제어하고 있는 것은 상기 스위칭소자의 소스단자전압이 입력전원전압[Vin]의 변동에 따라 같이 변하기 때문이다. 본 발명의 이와 같은 DC/DC컨버터 구동전원으로 출력전원[Vout]을 사용하고 있는 특징이 있다.This is because Vout = 15V DC to be. In FIG. 1, the third capacitor [C3] is a capacitor for setting the ON / OFF frequency, and the ON / OFF control of the switching element [FET] through the photocoupler means that the source terminal voltage of the switching element is the input power supply voltage [ Vin] changes with the change. The DC / DC converter drive power of the present invention is characterized in that the output power [Vout] is used.

Claims (4)

스위칭 소자를 ON/OFF제어하여 일정한 DC출력전압을 출력하는 DC/DC컨버터 회로에 있어, 스위칭소자로 FET를 사용하며, 상기스위칭소자의 게이트 구동용 소자로 포토커플러를 사용하는 것을 포함하고, 상기 게이트구동용 소자[포토커플러]의 구동전원으로 상기 DC/DC컨버터의 출력전원을 사용하도록 구성한
DC/DC컨버터.In the DC / DC converter circuit for outputting a constant DC output voltage by the ON / OFF control of the switching element, using a FET as a switching element, and using a photocoupler as a gate driving element of the switching element, It is configured to use the output power of the DC / DC converter as the driving power of the gate driving element [photocoupler].
DC / DC converter. 스위칭 소자를 ON/OFF제어하여 일정한 DC출력전압을 출력하는 DC/DC컨버터 회로에 있어, 스위칭소자로 FET를 사용하며, 상기스위칭소자의 게이트 구동용 소자로 포토커플러를 사용하는 것을 포함하고, 상기 게이트구동용 소자[포토커플러]의 구동전원으로 상기 DC/DC컨버터의 출력전원을 사용하도록 구성한
DC/DC컨버터 회로.In the DC / DC converter circuit for outputting a constant DC output voltage by the ON / OFF control of the switching element, using a FET as a switching element, and using a photocoupler as a gate driving element of the switching element, It is configured to use the output power of the DC / DC converter as the driving power of the gate driving element [photocoupler].
DC / DC converter circuit. 제 1항에 있어서,
스위칭 소자의 게이트전압 공급방법으로 입력전원으로부터 저항과 제너다이오드를 직렬연결하여 사용하는 것을 더 포함하고 상기 스위칭 소자의 게이트 단자에 상기 제너다이오드의 캐소드단자를 연결하고, 상기 스위칭소자의 소스단자에 상기 제너다이오드의 애노드단자를 연결하여 구성한
DC/DC 컨버터.The method of claim 1,
The method may further include using a resistor and a zener diode connected in series from an input power source as a gate voltage supplying method of a switching device, and connecting a cathode terminal of the zener diode to a gate terminal of the switching device, and connecting the source terminal of the switching device to the source terminal of the switching device. Configured by connecting the anode terminal of Zener diode
DC / DC converters. 제 1항에 있어서,
출력전압 검출용 소자로 적어도 하나의 비교기를 사용한
DC/DC컨버터.The method of claim 1,
Using at least one comparator as an output voltage detection element
DC / DC converter.
KR1020120002544A 2012-01-09 2012-01-09 High efficiency and wide range dc/dc converter circuit and the dc/dc converter adopting the circuit KR20130081523A (en)

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