KR20130029225A - Heating system for electric car using heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A heating device for an electric car using a heat pump is provided to improve heating performance in a low temperature by supplying the heat which is generated according to the operation of application component into refrigerant using a loop type heat pipe. CONSTITUTION: A heating device for an electric car using a heat pump comprises an evaporator(42), a condenser(41), a loop type heat pipe(43), and a flow channel control valve(54). The loop type heat pipe is connected in order to circulate in the evaporator and the condenser. The flow channel control valve is closed. A first three way valve forms a flow channel so that refrigerant passes through an outdoor heat exchanger(11), the first three way valve(51), a compressor indoor heat exchanger(25), and a second expansion valve(53) in a heating and cooling unit. The refrigerant which is accommodated in the loop type heat pipe circulates in the evaporator and the condenser and heats the refrigerant which passes through the second expansion valve.

Description

Heating system for electric car using heat pump {Heating system for electric car using heat pump system}

The present invention relates to a heating apparatus of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a heating apparatus of an electric vehicle using a heat pump using a heat pump to heat the refrigerant by heat generated from the electric component using a loop heat pipe to improve heating performance. will be.

Increasing the mileage of electric vehicles, an eco-friendly vehicle, is a major issue in the development of electric vehicles.

In such an electric vehicle, an air conditioner is provided to harmonize indoor air. However, since the operation of the air conditioner causes power consumption of the battery to reduce the mileage, the technology for continuously reducing the energy required for the operation of the air conditioner is steadily maintained. It is required. In particular, heating in an electric vehicle, unlike in a vehicle equipped with a conventional engine, cannot use the coolant heated in the engine, and has a great effect on the reduction in the mileage because the battery must be charged with electricity.

As one of the methods to solve this problem, the high heat generated by the heat pump for recirculating the refrigeration cycle is to be used for heating the vehicle.

However, the heat pump system currently applied has a problem that the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant is low at low temperature of the outside air, and the heating performance is deteriorated due to the rapid decrease in the flow rate of the circulating refrigerant and the idea of the outdoor heat exchanger. In order to solve this problem, a separate electric heater may be provided to heat the refrigerant, but this causes a reduction in the mileage.

In addition, the pipe through which the refrigerant circulates in the heat pump system is a general pipe, which has a problem of low heat transfer efficiency.

On the other hand, as one example of the prior art adopting the heat pump as the heating system of the electric vehicle, there is the following prior art document.

KR 10-0950402 B1

The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, the heat generated from the electrical components using the loop type heat pipe, by raising the temperature of the refrigerant circulating inside the heat pump system, improving the efficiency of the heat pump Thus, the heating performance is improved at low temperatures.

In the heating apparatus of the electric vehicle using the heat pump according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the outdoor heat exchanger, the first expansion valve and the evaporator, the compressor, the indoor heat exchanger and the second expansion valve is connected to the refrigerant flow path, An air-conditioning unit provided with a first three-way valve for controlling refrigerant flow into the evaporator upstream of the first expansion valve, and an electric component cooling unit for circulating the coolant with a water pump by connecting electric components and radiators with a cooling flow path. An electric vehicle heating apparatus comprising: an evaporator provided on the electric component cooling passage, a condenser provided on the refrigerant passage, a loop type heat pipe connected to circulate the evaporator and the condenser, and A flow path control valve installed in parallel with a second expansion valve to control the flow of refrigerant to the second expansion valve; When the valve is closed and the first three-way valve forms a flow path in which the refrigerant passes through the outdoor heat exchanger, the first three-way valve, the compressor indoor heat exchanger, and the second expansion valve in the air-conditioning unit, the evaporator and the condensation unit are looped. The refrigerant contained in the heat pipe circulates, thereby heating the refrigerant passing through the second expansion valve.

The condensation unit is formed in a double tube structure, and the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger flows inside, and the refrigerant circulating the evaporation unit flows outside.

In addition, the evaporator is formed in a double tube structure, the cooling water in the cooling parts of the electronic component flows inside, the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator is characterized in that the flow.

On the other hand, the cooling passage is provided with a second three-way valve upstream of the evaporator, and an auxiliary flow path for directly connecting the second three-way valve and the radiator is formed, the cooling water selectively by the operation of the second three-way valve Characterized in that it is introduced into the evaporator.

In addition, the first three-way valve forms a flow path to circulate the outdoor heat exchanger, the evaporator, the compressor, the indoor heat exchanger, and when the flow path control valve is opened, the second three-way valve directly flows the cooling water from the electric component module into the radiator. It is desirable to work as much as possible.

According to the heating apparatus of the electric vehicle using the heat pump according to the present invention having the configuration as described above, the heat generated by the operation of the electrical components at low temperature using a loop type heat pipe to heat the principle of heat pump By supplying the refrigerant, the heating performance of the electric vehicle is improved even at low temperatures.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which an electric vehicle is cooled by using a heating apparatus of an electric vehicle using a heat pump according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state of heating the electric vehicle using the heating device of the electric vehicle using a heat pump according to the present invention,
3 is a conceptual view of the condenser in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Hereinafter, a heating apparatus of an electric vehicle using a heat pump according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The heating apparatus of an electric vehicle using a heat pump according to the present invention includes an evaporator 42 provided on the electric component cooling passage 35, a condenser 41 provided on the refrigerant passage 16, and The loop type heat pipe 43 connected to circulate the evaporator 42 and the condenser 41 and the second expansion valve 53 are installed in parallel so that refrigerant flows to the second expansion valve 53. A flow path control valve 54 for intermittent operation, the flow path control valve 54 is closed, and the first three-way valve 51 is a coolant in the air-conditioning unit. When the flow path is formed to pass through the valve 51, the compressor 14, the indoor heat exchanger 25, and the second expansion valve 53, the evaporator 42 and the condenser 41 are loop-shaped heat pipes 43. While the refrigerant contained in the circulation circulates, the refrigerant passing through the second expansion valve 53 is heated.

The air conditioning unit is provided for air conditioning in the interior of the electric vehicle.

The air-conditioning unit is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 11, the first expansion valve 12, the evaporator 13, and the compressor 14 through the refrigerant passage 16. In addition, a first three-way valve 51 is provided upstream of the first expansion valve 12, and between the compressor 14 and the outdoor heat exchanger 11, an indoor heat exchanger 25 and a second expansion valve ( 53).

The air conditioning unit controls the flow of the refrigerant as necessary to cool or heat the inside of the vehicle. That is, when the outdoor heat exchanger 11-first expansion valve 12-evaporator 13-compressor 14 is circulated by the operation of the first three-way valve 51, according to the principle of the refrigeration cycle. The interior of the vehicle can be cooled. Then, when the outdoor heat exchanger 11, the compressor 14, the indoor heat exchanger 25, and the second expansion valve 53 are circulated, the room is heated by the principle of the heat pump.

On the other hand, the electric vehicle is provided with a variety of electrical components 31a, these electrical components 31a are heat generated in accordance with the operation, the electrical component cooling unit for cooling the heated electrical components 31a is provided.

The electric component cooling unit connects the electric component module 31 accommodating the individual electric component 31a in the housing and the radiator 33 to the cooling flow path 35 and circulates the coolant through the water pump 32 to supply the electric component module. Cool 31.

As described above, when the air-conditioning unit is heated by a heat pump in an electric vehicle equipped with a cooling and heating unit and an electric component cooling unit, the cooling passage 35 is circulated to the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant passage 16. In order to transfer the heat of the cooling water, a condensation part 41 and an evaporation part 42 are provided, and the condensation part 41 and the evaporation part 42 are connected to the loop type heat pipe 43.

The condenser 41 is provided on the refrigerant passage 16. As shown in FIG. 3, the condensation unit 41 is configured in the form of a double tube, and the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant passage 16 and the refrigerant circulating in the loop type heat pipe 43 may exchange heat with each other. Make sure The condenser 41 preferably has an inner tube connected to the refrigerant passage 16 so that the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant passage 16 flows and the refrigerant circulating in the loop heat pipe 43 flows outward. Heat exchange with each other. In addition, the flow of the internal and external flows in the opposite direction to increase the thermal gradient to quickly heat transfer. In addition, the heat dissipation fin 16a is formed around the inner tube to promote heat transfer.

The evaporator 42 is provided on the cooling passage 35. The evaporator 42 is also configured in the form of a double tube like the condenser 41, and preferably coolant flows inside, and allows the refrigerant circulating in the loop-type heat pipe 43 to circulate to the outside. . The evaporator 42 reverses the flow of the inside and the outside, so that the heat radiation fins are formed on the outside of the inner tube.

The loop type heat pipe 43 connects the condenser 41 and the evaporator 42 so that the refrigerant contained in the heat pipe 43 circulates the condenser 41 and the evaporator 42. do. The loop heat pipe 43 has a refrigerant circulating therein, and absorbs heat from the outside at one side of the loop heat pipe 43 to vaporize the liquid refrigerant, and another side of the loop heat pipe 43. By repeating the process of liquefying the refrigerant by releasing heat from the high heat portion can be transferred to the low heat portion. That is, the loop type heat pipe 43 circulates the evaporator 42, which is a high temperature part, and the condensation part 41, which is a low heat part, so that the heat absorbed from the evaporator 42 is radiated by the condensation part 41. The refrigerant passing through the portion 41 is heated.

Since the loop type heat pipe 43 uses a commercial one, a detailed description of the configuration will be omitted.

Meanwhile, a flow path control valve 54 is provided in parallel with the second expansion valve 53 on the coolant flow path 16, and the coolant flows in the second expansion valve 53 as the flow path control valve 54 opens and closes. To control the flow. That is, in the state in which the flow path control valve 54 is opened, the refrigerant flows through the flow path control valve 54 without flowing to the second expansion valve 53, and on the contrary, when the flow path control valve 54 is closed, the refrigerant Passes through the second expansion valve (53).

In addition, on the cooling passage 35, a second three-way valve 52 is provided at the front end of the evaporator 13, and an auxiliary passage 36 directly connecting the second three-way valve 52 and the radiator 33. Is branched. The coolant passing through the electric component module 31 by the operation of the second three-way valve 52 flows to the radiator 33 via the evaporator 42 or directly to the radiator 33 without passing through the evaporator 42. May optionally flow.

Reference numeral 15 is an accumulator for stabilizing the internal pressure of the refrigerant passage 16, 21 is a duct which is a passage for passing the harmonized air to the interior of the vehicle, 23 is to control the flow of air in the duct (21) A blade, 24 is an auxiliary PTC heater for heating the interior of the vehicle separately, and 34 is a cooling fan that promotes heat dissipation of the radiator 33.

The operation of the heating apparatus of the electric vehicle using the heat pump according to the present invention having the configuration as described above will be described.

First, in order to cool the interior of a vehicle, as shown in FIG. 1, when the refrigerant passage 16 is formed such that the first three-way valve 51 operates to allow the refrigerant to pass through the first expansion valve 12, the outdoor The refrigerant passing through the heat exchanger 11 passes through the first expansion valve 12 through the first three-way valve 51.

At the same time, the flow path control valve 54 is opened to allow the refrigerant to bypass the second expansion valve 53 and pass through the flow path control valve 54.

In addition, the second three-way valve 52 operates to allow the cooling water to pass through the auxiliary flow passage 36, thereby allowing the cooling water to circulate only the electric component module 31 and the radiator 33.

As described above, when the first three-way valve 51, the second three-way valve 52 and the flow path control valve 54 is operated, the refrigerant is an outdoor heat exchanger 11, the first expansion valve 12, the evaporator 13 ), The room is cooled by supplying air cooled through the evaporator 13 to the duct by the blower 22 while circulating the compressor 14.

Meanwhile, to heat the interior of the vehicle, as shown in FIG. 2, the first three-way valve 51 and the second three-way valve 52 are operated to change the flow path, and the flow path control valve 54 is closed. .

The first three-way valve 51 allows the refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 11 directly to the compressor 14, and blocks going to the evaporator 13.

In addition, the second three-way valve 52 operates so that the coolant passing through the electric component module 31 flows into the radiator 33 through the evaporator 42.

In addition, the flow path control valve 54 is closed to allow the refrigerant to pass through the second expansion valve 53.

For the heating, when the first three-way valve 51, the second three-way valve 52 and the flow path control valve 54 operates as described above, the electric component module is cooled, and the heated coolant raises the temperature of the refrigerant to heat the pump. By promoting the operation of the, it is possible to increase the temperature of the air supplied to the interior of the vehicle.

In detail, by the operation of the second three-way valve 52, all of the cooling water from the electric component module 31 passes through the evaporator 42. Since the coolant passing through the electric component module 31 is a state in which the electric component 31a generates heat according to the operation, the coolant passing through the electric component module 31 is heated.

In addition, the air-conditioning unit operates as a heat pump while the refrigerant circulates through the outdoor heat exchanger 11, the compressor 14, the indoor heat exchanger 25, and the second expansion valve 53, and the indoor heat exchanger 25 on the high temperature side. The air pressurized by the blower 22 in the) is supplied to the room through the duct 21.

In the related art, since the outside temperature is low, the action of the outdoor heat exchanger 11 is not smooth, and the refrigerant does not sufficiently evaporate inside the outdoor heat exchanger 11, resulting in a decrease in the refrigerant flow rate, There was a problem such as conception.

However, an evaporator 42 and a condenser 41 are respectively formed in the cooling passage 35 and the refrigerant passage 16, and the heat of the electrical component cooling unit is transferred to the refrigerant passage 16 to thereby cool the refrigerant passage 16. The conventional problem can be solved by heating the refrigerant circulating. That is, the evaporator 42 transfers heat from the high temperature cooling water introduced through the cooling passage 35 to the low temperature refrigerant flowing through the loop type heat pipe 43. In the evaporator 42, the refrigerant of the loop type heat pipe 43 evaporates and circulates through the loop type heat pipe 43 in a vapor state and flows into the condensation part 41. In the condenser 41, the refrigerant in the vapor state introduced through the loop type heat pipe 43 cuts heat into the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant passage 16, and is liquefied again. In the loop heat pipe 43, the refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator 42, circulated while liquefying in the condenser 41, and heat is transferred from the evaporator 42 to the condenser 41. Done.

In this way, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant passing through the second expansion valve 53 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 11 in a state where the temperature is high while passing through the condensation unit 41, When the liquid refrigerant is evaporated by absorbing low temperature heat from the inside, the refrigerant flow rate is increased due to evaporation at a higher temperature than in the prior art, and the problem of the concept of the outdoor heat exchanger 11 can be solved.

11: outdoor heat exchanger 12: first expansion valve
13: evaporator 14: compressor
15: accumulator 16: refrigerant flow path
21: duct 22: blower
23: blade 24: auxiliary PTC heater
25: indoor heat exchanger 31: electrical component module
31a: Electric parts 32: Water pump
33: radiator 34: cooling fan
35: cooling passage 36: auxiliary passage
41: condensation unit 42: evaporation unit
43: loop heat pipe 51: first three-way valve
52: second three-way valve 53: second expansion valve
54: flow path control valve

Claims (5)

An outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion valve, an evaporator, a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, and a second expansion valve are connected to the refrigerant passage, and a first three-way valve is provided to control the refrigerant flow into the evaporator upstream of the first expansion valve. In the heating device for an electric vehicle having a heating and cooling unit, the electrical component parts and the radiator is connected to the cooling flow path and the electrical component cooling unit for circulating the coolant with a water pump,
An evaporation unit provided on the electric component cooling passage;
A condensation unit provided on the refrigerant passage;
A loop heat pipe connected to circulate the evaporator and the condenser;
A flow path control valve installed in parallel with the second expansion valve to control the flow of refrigerant to the second expansion valve;
When the flow path control valve is closed and the first three-way valve forms a flow path such that the refrigerant passes through the outdoor heat exchanger, the first three-way valve, the compressor indoor heat exchanger, and the second expansion valve in the cooling and heating unit, The heating device of an electric vehicle using a heat pump, characterized in that for heating the refrigerant passing through the second expansion valve while the refrigerant contained in the loop type heat pipe circulates. The method of claim 1,
The condensation unit is formed in a double tube structure,
The refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger flows inside, and the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator flows outward. The method of claim 1,
The evaporator is formed in a double tube structure,
Cooling water flows inside the cooling parts of the electric component parts, the outside of the heating device for an electric vehicle using a heat pump, characterized in that the refrigerant circulating the evaporator flows. The method of claim 1,
The cooling passage is provided with a second three-way valve upstream of the evaporator,
An auxiliary flow path for directly connecting the second three-way valve and the radiator is formed,
Cooling water is selectively introduced into the evaporator by the operation of the second three-way valve heating device of an electric vehicle using a heat pump. 5. The method of claim 4,
The first three-way valve forms a flow path to circulate the outdoor heat exchanger, the evaporator, the compressor, and the indoor heat exchanger, and when the flow path control valve is opened, the second three-way valve operates to directly flow the cooling water from the electric component module into the radiator. Heating device of an electric vehicle using a heat pump, characterized in that.

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