KR20130002007A - Antenna for terahertz wave - Google Patents

Antenna for terahertz wave Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20130002007A
KR20130002007A KR1020110062974A KR20110062974A KR20130002007A KR 20130002007 A KR20130002007 A KR 20130002007A KR 1020110062974 A KR1020110062974 A KR 1020110062974A KR 20110062974 A KR20110062974 A KR 20110062974A KR 20130002007 A KR20130002007 A KR 20130002007A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
antenna
conductive material
terahertz wave
pattern
present
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KR1020110062974A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
표성민
최재익
이왕주
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한국전자통신연구원
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Priority to KR1020110062974A priority Critical patent/KR20130002007A/en
Publication of KR20130002007A publication Critical patent/KR20130002007A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/25—Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems

Abstract

PURPOSE: A terahertz wave antenna is provided to improve the performance of a terahertz wave signal generating apparatus and whole system. CONSTITUTION: An antenna module(40) radiates electromagnetic wave with a terahertz band. An upper plate(10) is positioned on the top of the antenna module. The upper plate comprises a conductive material. The conductive material controls gain, operation bandwidth, polarization characteristics, or beam pattern of the antenna. The conductive material forms a specific pattern on the upper plate. The upper plate comprises a switch. The switch diversifies the pattern of the conductive material. [Reference numerals] (AA) Terahertz wave signal

Description

Terahertz Wave Antenna {ANTENNA FOR TERAHERTZ WAVE}

The present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly, to an antenna operating in the terahertz band.

Recently, active research on the application of the terahertz (THz) wave has been made. Terahertz waves are electromagnetic waves in the 0.1THz to 100THz frequency band, also called the terahertz gap.

Terahertz waves can be used in communication systems, spectroscopic system imaging systems, etc. The role of terahertz signal generators and detection devices is important for the application of terahertz waves.

Since most terahertz signal generators have a weak output, they inject terahertz waves into a subject by increasing the power density by focusing energy in one place using optical lenses and mirrors. However, since terahertz waves do not belong to the visible region, it is very difficult to construct an array of optical lenses, mirrors, terahertz signal generators and detection devices.

The terahertz wave system, on the other hand, requires different electromagnetic characteristics of the teherherz wave depending on its use.

1 to 3, the electromagnetic characteristics of the terahertz wave suitable for each system according to the use of the system will be described.

1 is a diagram illustrating electromagnetic characteristics of a terahertz wave suitable for a terahertz wave communication system. In the case of a communication system, an antenna having a wide radiation pattern is needed because communication is impossible when the line of sight for communication is changed due to the straightness of electromagnetic waves. Communication systems also require high antenna gain to ensure long communication distances. In addition, since radio waves have different fading characteristics according to polarization, an antenna having polarization control characteristics for preventing fading is required.

2 is a diagram illustrating electromagnetic characteristics of a terahertz wave suitable for a terahertz wave spectroscopy system, and FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating electromagnetic characteristics of a terahertz wave suitable for a terahertz wave imaging system. As shown in the figure, the terahertz wave spectroscopy system and the imaging system must have high resolution, and therefore have electromagnetic characteristics concentrated in a narrow area.

As described above, although all the terahertz wave electromagnetic characteristics required by the system use are different, photomixing antennas currently used in the terahertz wave band are changing light emission characteristics only by changing the type of antenna. It is only. In addition, the commonly used terahertz band horn antenna is very expensive and has a disadvantage that the system configuration is very complicated due to the fixed antenna characteristics.

The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, by implementing a terahertz wave antenna that can be used universally in communication, spectroscopy and imaging system, thereby overcoming the spatial limitations due to the lens and mirror arrangement used to improve the performance of the system It is intended for work.

Another object of the present invention is to improve the performance of the terahertz wave signal generator and the entire system by using a metamaterial-based top cover.

In addition, the present invention is to provide a terahertz wave antenna that can adjust the polarization characteristics through a simple switch operation, it is another object to implement a number of characteristics with one antenna and to reduce the cost.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects and advantages of the present invention which are not mentioned can be understood by the following description and more clearly understood by the embodiments of the present invention. It will also be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The terahertz wave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object, the antenna module for radiating the electromagnetic wave of the terahertz band, located on the antenna module, the gain, operating bandwidth, polarization characteristics or beam of the antenna A terahertz wave antenna comprising an upper substrate having a conductive material for controlling shape, wherein the conductive material forms a specific pattern on the upper substrate, and the upper substrate comprises a switch for changing the pattern of the conductive material.

According to the present invention as described above, by implementing a terahertz wave antenna that can be used universally in communication, spectroscopy and imaging systems, it is possible to overcome the spatial limitations due to the lens and mirror arrangement used to improve the performance of the system. .

In addition, the present invention can improve the performance of the terahertz wave signal generator and the overall system by using the top cover with a conductive material.

In addition, the present invention provides a terahertz wave antenna that can adjust the polarization characteristics through a simple switch operation, it is possible to reduce the cost by implementing a variety of characteristics with a single antenna.

1 is a diagram showing electromagnetic characteristics of a terahertz wave suitable for a terahertz wave communication system,
2 is a diagram showing the electromagnetic characteristics of a terahertz wave suitable for a terahertz wave spectroscopy system,
3 is a diagram illustrating electromagnetic characteristics of a terahertz wave suitable for a terahertz wave imaging system.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a terahertz wave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
5 is a view showing an upper substrate of a terahertz wave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
6A illustrates a modified beam width according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6B is a view showing a pattern of a conductive material for modifying a beam width according to an embodiment of the present invention;
7A illustrates an adjusted antenna gain according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7B is a view showing a pattern of a conductive material for adjusting antenna gain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
8A illustrates linear polarization of an adjusted antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
8B is a view illustrating a pattern of a conductive material for adjusting linear polarization of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
9A illustrates circular polarization of an adjusted antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
9B is a view showing a pattern of a conductive material for adjusting circular polarization of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
10 is a view showing a connection form of the switch for the circular polarization variable according to an embodiment of the present invention,
11 is a diagram illustrating a connection form of a switch for linearly polarized variable according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The above objects, features, and advantages will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, whereby those skilled in the art may easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail. Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same or similar elements.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a terahertz wave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the terahertz wave antenna is positioned above the antenna module 40 and the antenna module emitting electromagnetic waves in the terahertz band, and a conductive material for adjusting the gain, operating bandwidth, polarization characteristics, or beam shape of the antenna. It includes an upper substrate 10 having a. In addition, it may further include a lower surface 30 or a spacer 20.

Here, any antenna may be used as the antenna module 40 that emits electromagnetic waves in the terahertz band. For example, a photo-conductive antenna, a microstrip antenna, a slot antenna, a tapered slot antenna, a horn antenna, etc. may be used, and the type of antenna is not limited to this embodiment.

The upper substrate 10 may be positioned directly on the antenna module 40, and may be positioned at an upper distance with the antenna using the space 20 to form a resonance part. In the case of including the spacer 20, the lower surface 30 may be provided so that the spacer 20 supports the upper substrate 10. A dielectric substrate may be used as the lower surface 30, but is not limited thereto.

The upper substrate 10 may include, for example, Frequency-Selective Surface (FSS), Electromagnetic Bandgap (EBG), Photonic Bandgap (PBG), Electromagnetic Crystal (EMXT), Photonic Crystal, Metamaterial, Partially. There may be a reflecting surface, a flat lens, a superstrate, a split ring resonator, a periodic structure, and the type of the upper substrate is not limited to this embodiment. Includes both a Perot Cavity structure and tops with equivalent characteristics.

 Frequency-Selective Surface (FSS) is a type of substrate that allows the top plate to have band pass or band stop characteristics by using electrical properties generated by the top plate metal pattern.

EBG (Electromagnetic Bandgap) and PBG (Photonic Bandgap) are materials that have electrical band-stopping characteristics due to their periodic structure.EMXT (Electromagnetic Crystal) and Photonic Crystal are the smallest basic units with periodic structure, It means a substance having properties.

(Metamaterial) refers to an artificial material having a negative permittivity and permeability. Partially-Reflecting Surface is a type of FSS, which refers to a substrate or a surface reflecting only electromagnetic waves that meet conditions.

Flat lenses are lenses implemented with flat substrates, and superstrates collectively refer to all substrates located on top of any structure.

Split ring resonator (SRR) is a special type of resonator having meta-material characteristics. The split ring resonator is a resonator structure in which a linear metal pattern and a ring-shaped metal pattern with no ends are combined.

Periodic structure refers to a structure in which materials, circuits or arbitrary structures are arranged periodically.

5 is a diagram illustrating an upper substrate of a terahertz wave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, the upper substrate 10 includes a dielectric substrate 15 and a conductive material 13. The conductive material 13 here forms a specific pattern on the upper substrate 10.

Radiation characteristics of the terahertz wave antenna according to the present invention, that is, the gain, operating bandwidth, polarization characteristics or beam shape of the antenna are affected by various variables. For example, the distance between the patterns formed by the conductive material 13 is p, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 15 is t, the dielectric constant ε of the medium characteristics of the dielectric substrate, the permeability μ, the antenna module 40 and the top The distance between the substrates 10 d, the pattern shape of the conductive material 13 on the upper substrate S, the pattern size of the conductive material 13 on the upper substrate A, the conductive material 13 on the upper substrate If the number of patterns is N, the terahertz wave radiation characteristics of the terahertz wave antenna according to the present invention are affected by the above parameter values, and thus the radiation characteristic y may be expressed as follows.

Figure pat00001

Since the terahertz wave antenna according to the present invention operates in the terahertz band, there is a difference in the implementation method from the prior art. The pattern size of the conductive material included in the upper substrate depends on the guided wavelength. Thus, since terahertz waves have very short wavelengths in millimeters, the size (A) of the metal pattern can be smaller than the millimeter, and the spacing (p) between the metal patterns also reaches micrometers. Therefore, unlike the conventional method of attaching a conductive material to a substrate or forming a pattern of the conductive material through an etching process, when implementing a terahertz wave antenna, a process method using a MEMS process or nano technology (NANO Technology) It is preferable that the pattern of the conductive material is formed through.

Hereinafter, with reference to Figures 6 to 9, an embodiment of the radiation characteristics adjustable by the terahertz antenna according to the present invention will be described in detail.

6A illustrates a modified beam width according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6B illustrates a pattern of a conductive material for modifying a beam width according to an embodiment of the present invention.

According to the terahertz wave antenna according to the present invention, the beam width can be adjusted as shown in FIG. 6A. As explained above, terahertz systems require different beam widths depending on their type. Although all of the aforementioned variables affect the size change of the beam width, the pattern number N of the conductive material has the greatest influence. For example, assuming that the reference beam width is equal to 62a and the substrate shape at the reference beam width is equal to 62b, reducing the number of patterns of conductive material (60b) results in a beam width narrower than the reference beam width 62a ( 64a may be radiated, and when the number of patterns of the conductive material is increased (64b), the beam width 60a wider than the reference beam width 62a may be radiated.

FIG. 7A illustrates an adjusted antenna gain according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7B illustrates a pattern of a conductive material for adjusting antenna gain according to an embodiment of the present invention.

According to the terahertz wave antenna according to the present invention, the antenna gain can be adjusted as shown in FIG. 7A. The biggest influence on the antenna gain change is the pattern size (A) of the conductive material and the spacing (p) between the patterns. For example, assuming that the magnitude of the reference gain is equal to 72a and the pattern shape of the conductive material at the reference gain is equal to 72b, increasing the pattern size A of the conductive material and reducing the spacing p between the patterns ( 70b) An increased antenna gain can be obtained (70a). The reduced antenna gain can be obtained by reducing the pattern size A of the conductive material and widening the spacing p between the patterns (74b) (74a).

FIG. 8A illustrates a linear polarization of an adjusted antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8B illustrates a pattern of a conductive material for adjusting linear polarization of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. to be.

According to the terahertz wave antenna according to the present invention, linear polarization of the antenna can be adjusted as shown in FIG. 8A. The biggest influence on the linear polarization change of the antenna is the pattern shape (S) of the conductive material. For example, to obtain a horizontal linear polarization such as 80a, a pattern of conductive material such as 80b is formed on the upper substrate. If it is desired to obtain a vertical linear polarization such as 82a, a pattern such as 82b may be formed on the upper substrate.

9A illustrates a circular polarization of an adjusted antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9B illustrates a pattern of a conductive material for adjusting circular polarization of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. to be.

According to the terahertz wave antenna according to the present invention, the circular polarization of the antenna can be adjusted as shown in FIG. 9A. The biggest influence on the circular polarization change of the antenna is the pattern shape (S) of the conductive material. For example, if a pattern of a conductive material such as 90b is formed on the upper substrate, a left hand circular polarization (LHCP) such as 90a may be obtained, and a pattern of a conductive material such as 92b may be formed on the upper substrate. Right hand circular polarization (RHCP) such as, 92a can be obtained.

In addition, although not shown in the drawing, the terahertz wave antenna according to the present invention enables the reflection coefficient of the antenna, that is, the adjustment of the bandwidth. The most significant influence on the reflection coefficient change of the antenna is the material property of the dielectric substrate 13. Increasing the dielectric constant (ε) of the dielectric substrate 13 and lowering the permeability (μ) may allow the antenna to operate in a narrow band, or by lowering the dielectric constant (ε) of the dielectric substrate 13 and increasing the permeability (μ). It can be operated in broadband.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, it will be described how the switch for changing the pattern of the conductive material is included in the upper substrate.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a connection form of a switch for variable circular polarization according to an embodiment of the present invention. For reference, FIG. 10 illustrates a switch connection form in a unit pattern of a conductive material.

Referring to FIG. 10, a terahertz wave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention may connect a switch between conductive materials so that a pattern of a conductive material included in an upper substrate may have a different shape according to on / off control of the switch. have. For example, in order to obtain a left turn circular polarization, the switch is turned on to realize a pattern shape that generates a left turn circular polarization. If the switch is off, no current flows through the conductive material in the upper right corner, and the overall pattern is inclined counterclockwise. That is, the pattern becomes similar to 92b of FIG. 9B, and as a result, the antenna can generate a right-turning circular polarization. As described above, according to the present invention, the circular polarization of the antenna can be varied by only a simple switching operation.

11 is a diagram illustrating a connection form of a switch for linearly polarized variable according to an embodiment of the present invention. For reference, FIG. 11 illustrates a switch connection form in a unit pattern of a conductive material.

Referring to FIG. 11, in order to generate linear polarization, a pattern of a conductive material was formed in a straight line in a horizontal and vertical direction. Here, when the switches 1 and 3 are turned on and the switches 2 and 4 are turned off, current flows only in the vertical conductive material so that the conductive material generally has a vertical pattern as shown in 82b of FIG. 8B. Thus, the antenna can generate vertical linear polarization.

If the switches 1 and 3 are turned off and the switches 2 and 4 are turned on, current flows only in the horizontal conductive material so that the conductive material has a horizontal pattern such as 80b of FIG. 8B. Thus, the antenna can generate horizontal linear polarization.

According to the terahertz wave antenna according to the present invention as described above, by implementing a terahertz wave antenna that can be used universally in communication, spectroscopy, and imaging systems, the spatial due to the lens and mirror arrangement used to improve the performance of the system You can overcome the limitations. In addition, the polarization characteristics can be adjusted with a simple switch operation, thereby reducing costs by implementing various characteristics with a single antenna.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, But the present invention is not limited thereto.

Claims (1)

An antenna module for emitting electromagnetic waves in the terahertz band;
Located on top of the antenna module, including an upper substrate having a conductive material for adjusting the gain, operating bandwidth, polarization characteristics or beam shape of the antenna,
The conductive material is
Forming a specific pattern on the upper substrate,
The upper substrate is
A switch for changing a pattern of the conductive material
Terahertz wave antenna.
KR1020110062974A 2011-06-28 2011-06-28 Antenna for terahertz wave KR20130002007A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101887417B1 (en) * 2017-08-14 2018-09-10 주식회사 에스원 Horn-Reflector Antenna with Low Sidelobe
KR101943857B1 (en) * 2017-12-06 2019-01-30 연세대학교 산학협력단 Reflect array and Reflect array Antenna having the same
KR102439283B1 (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-09-01 국방과학연구소 X-band horn antenna using 3d printing and metamaterial

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101887417B1 (en) * 2017-08-14 2018-09-10 주식회사 에스원 Horn-Reflector Antenna with Low Sidelobe
KR101943857B1 (en) * 2017-12-06 2019-01-30 연세대학교 산학협력단 Reflect array and Reflect array Antenna having the same
KR102439283B1 (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-09-01 국방과학연구소 X-band horn antenna using 3d printing and metamaterial

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