KR20130000586A - A vacuum furnace for heat treatment system - Google Patents

A vacuum furnace for heat treatment system Download PDF

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KR20130000586A
KR20130000586A KR1020110061187A KR20110061187A KR20130000586A KR 20130000586 A KR20130000586 A KR 20130000586A KR 1020110061187 A KR1020110061187 A KR 1020110061187A KR 20110061187 A KR20110061187 A KR 20110061187A KR 20130000586 A KR20130000586 A KR 20130000586A
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South Korea
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cooling
oil
heat treatment
cooling system
gas
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KR1020110061187A
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Korean (ko)
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변상덕
변재혁
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변상덕
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0264—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5%
    • C22C33/0271—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5% with only C, Mn, Si, P, S, As as alloying elements, e.g. carbon steel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A heat treatment system for a vacuum carburizing furnace is provided to heat treat materials with a cooling method suitable for the characteristics of the materials by selectively operating a gas cooling system and an oil cooling system in the vacuum carburizing furnace according to ore composition of the materials. CONSTITUTION: A heat treatment system for a vacuum carburizing furnace comprises a gas cooling system(a) and an oil cooling system(b). The gas cooling system comprises first to third cooling steps. In the first cooling step, oil vapor and hot air produced from materials(c) are discharged from a heat treatment furnace(2), cooled to a predetermined temperature, drawn into the heat treatment furnace again, and cooled. In the second cooling step, the internal temperature of the heat treatment furnace is reduced by a water-cooling heat exchanger(22) to indirectly lower the temperature of the materials. In the third step, nitrogen gas is supplied into the heat treatment furnace through a gas injection unit(23) and circulated by a circulating fan(24), thereby cooling the materials at the maximum cooling efficiency. The oil cooling system discharges the oil vapor and hot air, produced from the materials, through a suction pipe(21') connected to an external cooler(21) and submerges the material in oil for rapid cooling.

Description

진공침탄로용 열처리시스템{A vacuum furnace for heat treatment system}A vacuum furnace for heat treatment system

본 발명은 진공침탄로용 열처리시스템에 관한 것으로, 상세하게는 진공침탄로와 분리된 2실형의 열처리로에 가스냉각시스템과 오일냉각시스템을 이중 구성하여 처리물의 특성에 가장 최적의 냉각시스템이 시행될 수 있도록 한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a heat treatment system for a vacuum carburizing furnace. Specifically, a gas cooling system and an oil cooling system are dually constructed in a two-chamber heat treatment furnace separated from the vacuum carburizing furnace, and the most optimal cooling system is implemented. It would be possible.

진공침탄은 이산화탄소 발생의 문제가 없고 가스 사용량도 적다. 그리고 단시간에 처리 온도까지 가열 가능하며 처리온도를 높게 하여 침탄 시간의 단축화가 가능하며 피처리물이 없을 때는 로를 완전하게 정지하는 간헐 운전이 가능해 진공 단열에 의하여 열효율, 작업환경이 좋은 점 등 환경, 에너지절약 면에서의 뛰어난 장점이 있다. Vacuum carburization has no problem of carbon dioxide generation and uses less gas. In addition, it is possible to heat up to processing temperature in a short time, shorten carburization time by increasing processing temperature, and intermittent operation to stop the furnace completely when there is no object to be processed, so that thermal efficiency and working environment are good by vacuum insulation. It has an excellent advantage in terms of energy saving.

그러나 종래 진공침탄로에 사용되는 냉각시스템이 오일냉각시스템에 한정되어 있어, 탄소공구강이나 고속도 공구강 등과 같은 급냉을 요하는 강의 처리는 매우 뛰어나나 반대로 서냉을 요하는 강의 경우 처리가 불가능하여 진공침탄을 실시할 수 없었던 문제를 안고 있었다. However, the cooling system used in the conventional vacuum carburizing furnace is limited to the oil cooling system, so the steel which requires rapid cooling such as carbon steel, high speed tool steel, etc. is very excellent, but in the case of steel requiring slow cooling, vacuum carburizing is not possible. We had problem that we could not carry out.

진공침탄로에 주로 사용되는 오일냉각시스템은 해당 분야의 종사자라면 누구나 그 작용과 효과에 대하여 인지하고 있는 선행기술이므로 본 발명에서는 상세 설명은 생략한다.The oil cooling system mainly used in the vacuum carburizing furnace is a prior art that any person skilled in the art is aware of its operation and effects, and thus the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

그리고 상기 오일냉각시스템의 일 예로 고속도 공구강, 다이스강, 스테인리스강 등의 처리물을 진공침탄 후 냉각시 통상 상기 처리물의 직경이 70mm이상의 크기에 한해서 오일냉각이 가능한데 만약 70mm이하 내지는 그외 강의 경우 급냉에 의해 처리물의 변태형상이 일어나 파손의 우려와 변질의 우려가 높아 진공침탄을 실시하지 못하였던 불편함이 있어 강의 종류 및 특성 그리고 그 부피에 따른 처리조건이 진공침탄로에서는 한정적이었던 실정이었다.
As an example of the oil cooling system, when cooling the processed materials such as high speed tool steel, die steel, stainless steel and the like after vacuum carburizing, the oil can be cooled only when the diameter of the processed material is 70 mm or more. Due to the transformation shape of the treated materials, there was a problem that the vacuum carburizing could not be performed due to the high risk of damage and the deterioration. Therefore, the treatment conditions according to the type and characteristics of the steel and its volume were limited in the vacuum carburizing furnace.

따라서, 본 발명은 전기한 종래의 문제점을 보완하기 위하여 발명된 것으로서, 특히 진공침탄로와 분리되는 2실형의 열처리로에 냉각 3단계 기능을 가지는 가스냉각시스템과 급속냉각기능을 오일냉각시스템을 이중 구성하여 처리물의 특성에 맞는 냉각방식을 선택적으로 제공토록 한 것으로 진공침탄 열처리에서 실시하였던 기존 처리물은 물론 가스침탄과 진공열처리에서 처리하였던 처리물까지 모두 진공침탄 열처리 가능토록 하여 줌에 그 기술적 과제의 주안점을 두고 발명된 것이다.
Therefore, the present invention has been invented to solve the above-described conventional problems, and in particular, the gas cooling system having a three-stage cooling function and an oil cooling system having a rapid cooling function in a two-chamber heat treatment furnace separated from a vacuum carburizing furnace are doubled. It is designed to provide a cooling method that suits the characteristics of the processed materials, and to make the vacuum carburization heat treatment possible not only for the existing treatments performed in the vacuum carburization heat treatment but also in the gas carburization and vacuum heat treatment. It is invented with the focus of.

전기한 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 수단은 진공침탄로(1)와 분리된 2실형의 열처리로(2)에 가스냉각시스템(a)과 오일냉각시스템(b)을 구성함에 있어서, Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, a gas cooling system (a) and an oil cooling system (b) are provided in a two-chamber heat treatment furnace (2) separated from a vacuum carburizing furnace (1).

상기, 가스냉각시스템(a)은 외부 냉각기(21)와 연결된 흡입관(21')으로 처리물(c)에서 발생하는 유증기와 뜨거운 공기를 열처리로(2)에서 배출시켜 일정온도로 냉각 후 다시 재투입하여 냉각을 실시하는 냉각 1단계;.The gas cooling system (a) is a suction pipe (21 ') connected to the external cooler (21) to discharge the oil vapor and hot air generated in the treatment (c) in the heat treatment furnace (2) to cool to a predetermined temperature and then re- Cooling step 1 to put into the cooling;

상기 흡입부(21')의 출구에 수냉식열교환기(22)를 설치하여 열처리로(2) 내부의 온도를 떨어뜨려 처리물(c)의 간접적 온도저하를 꾀하는 냉각 2단계;, Installing a water-cooled heat exchanger (22) at the outlet of the suction unit (21 ') to reduce the temperature inside the heat treatment furnace (2) to indirectly lower the temperature of the processed product (c);

가스주입부(23)를 통해 열처리로(2) 내에 질소가스를 정해진 압력으로 공급하여 순환팬(24)으로 순환시켜 처리물(c)을 냉각하고 그와 동시에 전기한 냉각 1,2 단계를 동시에 실시하여 처리물(c)의 냉각효율이 극대화되도록 한 냉각 3단계로 이루어지고, Nitrogen gas is supplied to the heat treatment furnace 2 through the gas injection unit 23 at a predetermined pressure, circulated to the circulation fan 24 to cool the processed material c, and simultaneously the cooling steps 1 and 2 described above are simultaneously performed. By performing three steps of cooling to maximize the cooling efficiency of the processed material (c),

오일냉각시스템(b)은 열처리로(2) 하부측에 냉각유조(3)를 구성하여 이루어지는 것으로, 열처리로(2)에 처리물(c)이 이송되면 처리물(c)에서 발생하는 유증기와 뜨거운 공기를 외부 냉각기(21)와 연결된 흡입관(21')으로 배출시키는 배출단계;,The oil cooling system (b) is composed of a cooling oil tank (3) at the lower side of the heat treatment furnace (2). When the treatment product (c) is transferred to the heat treatment furnace (2), the oil vapor generated from the treatment product (c) and Discharge step of discharging hot air to the suction pipe (21 ') connected to the external cooler (21);

배출단계가 완료되면 열처리로(2) 내부를 진공상태로 감압하여 하부 냉각유조(3)의 오일 비점 강하로 오일의 증기막단계, 비등단계, 대류단계의 냉각곡선을 처리물의 특성에 맞게 조절하는 유면압제어 단계;,When the discharge step is completed, the inside of the heat treatment furnace (2) is decompressed to a vacuum state to adjust the cooling curve of the vapor film step, boiling step, convection step of the oil according to the characteristics of the treatment by dropping the oil boiling point of the lower cooling tank (3). Oil pressure control step;

상기 유면압제어 단계가 끝나면 처리물(c)을 이송장치(31)로 오일에 침전하여 급속냉각을 실시하는 급냉단계;,로 이루어지도록 한 것으로, 진공침탄로(1)를 거쳐 열처리로(2)에 투입되는 각종 처리물(c)의 재질과 부피에 따라 가스냉각시스템(a)과 오일냉각시스템(b)을 개별적 운영 내지는 동시 운영 내지는 가스냉각시스템(a)과 오일냉각시스템(b)의 각 단계를 서로 조합하여 최상의 조건에서 최고의 냉각효율이 발생 될 수 있도록 하였다.
After the oil pressure control step is completed, the quenching step of performing the rapid cooling by precipitating the treated material (c) in the oil by the transfer device (31), to be made, through the vacuum carburizing furnace (1) The gas cooling system (a) and the oil cooling system (b) are operated separately or simultaneously or depending on the material and volume of the various treatment products (c) to be added to the gas cooling system (a) and the oil cooling system (b). Each step is combined with each other so that the best cooling efficiency can be generated under the best conditions.

본 발명은 전기한 바와 같이 진공침탄 열처리로에서 가스냉각시스템과 오일냉각시스템을 선택적 내지는 복합적으로 운영하여 보다 다양하면서도 정밀한 냉각방식(처리물에 따라 급냉방식 또는 지냉방식 또는 지냉방식 중 다양한 지냉방식 또는 급냉과 지냉의 동시 냉각방식 등)을 다수 제공하므로 처리물들의 특성에 맞는 가장 적합한 냉각방식으로 양질의 열처리과정을 도모하고 특히 진공침탄 열처리에서 처리하는 강종 뿐만 아니라 가스침탄, 진공열처리에서 처리하는 모든 강종에 대한 진공침탄 열처리를 가능케 하여 주는 이점을 제공하게 된다.
The present invention, as described above, by operating a gas cooling system and an oil cooling system selectively or in combination in a vacuum carburizing furnace, more various and precise cooling methods (various cooling methods, such as quenching or cooling or cooling, depending on the treatment or Simultaneous cooling of quenching and cooling, etc.) provides the most suitable cooling method suitable for the characteristics of the processed materials, and promotes high quality heat treatment process. It provides the advantage of enabling vacuum carburizing heat treatment for steel grades.

도 1은 본 발명의 간략 구성도.1 is a simplified configuration diagram of the present invention.

실시 예를 통해 본 발명을 보다 구체적으로 설명하자면 하기와 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.

첨부된 도면 도 1에서와 같이 본 발명은 진공침탄로(1)와 분리된 2실형의 열처리로(2)에 가스냉각시스템(a)과 오일냉각시스템(b)을 이중 구성하여 처리물(c)의 특성에 따른 가스냉각, 오일냉각, 가스 및 오일 복합냉각 등의 최적 냉각방식을 다양하게 제공하고자 한다.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention is configured by dually constructing a gas cooling system (a) and an oil cooling system (b) in a two-chamber heat treatment furnace (2) separated from a vacuum carburizing furnace (1). Various cooling methods such as gas cooling, oil cooling, gas and oil complex cooling according to the characteristics of) are provided.

일 예로 종래 가스진공 내지는 진공열처리로에서 한정적으로 가스냉각처리하였던 강종 STD류와 다이스강, 스테인리스 강과 같은 처리물을 진공침탄로로 열처리할 경우,(참고로 상기 강종은 가스냉각을 실시하여야 하는 특성을 가지는 것으로 만약 오일냉각을 실시할 경우 광휘성이 떨어지는 등의 문제가 발생한다.)For example, when heat treating steel, such as steel STDs, dies, and stainless steels, which have been limitedly gas-cooled in a conventional gas vacuum or vacuum heat treatment furnace, by heat treatment with a vacuum carburizing furnace, If oil cooling is performed, problems such as poor brightness will occur.)

진공침탄로(1)에서 열처리로(2)에 이송된 처리물(c)로부터 유증기와 뜨거운 공기를 외부 냉각기(21)와 연결된 흡입관(21')을 통해 외부로 배출시켜 일정온도로 냉각한 다음 다시 유입관(21")을 통해 열처리로(2)에 순환공급하여 처리물(c)을 냉각토록 하는 냉각 1단계를 실시한다.After discharging the oil and hot air from the processed material (c) transferred from the vacuum carburizing furnace (1) to the heat treatment furnace (2) to the outside through the suction pipe (21 ') connected to the external cooler (21), it is cooled to a predetermined temperature. Again, the cooling step 1 is performed to circulate the heat treatment furnace 2 through the inlet pipe 21 ″ to cool the processed material c.

냉각기(21)는 열처리로 내의 유증기와 뜨거워진 공기를 브로워로 순환시켜 열처리내부 온도를 떨어뜨려 처리물을 냉각하는 방식이다.
The cooler 21 circulates the oil vapor and the heated air in the heat treatment furnace to the blower, thereby lowering the internal temperature of the heat treatment to cool the processed material.

또한 냉각 1단계를 실시할 때, 상기 흡입구(21')의 출구에 설치된 수냉식열교환기(22)가 흡입구(21')로 배출되는 유증기와 뜨거운 공기의 온도를 낮춤과 동시에 열처리로(2) 내부의 온도를 떨어뜨려 처리물(c)의 간접적 온도저하를 꾀하는 2단계를 실시한다.In addition, when performing the first stage of cooling, the water-cooled heat exchanger 22 installed at the outlet of the inlet 21 'lowers the temperature of the oil vapor and hot air discharged to the inlet 21' and at the same time the inside of the heat treatment furnace 2. The two steps are carried out to lower the temperature of A to indirectly lower the temperature of the treatment (c).

수냉식열교환기(22)는 통상 외부 냉각조(22')와 연결되어 냉각수의 순환방식으로 냉각을 실시한다.
The water-cooled heat exchanger 22 is usually connected to an external cooling tank 22 'to cool the water in a circulating manner.

그리고 냉각 1,2단계의 실시로 열처리로(2) 내부의 뜨거운 유증기와 공기가 일부 제거되어 소폭의 온도저하(열처리로 내부 온도)가 발생하면, 가스주입부(23)를 통해 열처리로(2) 내에 질소가스를 정해진 압력으로 공급하면서 순환 팬(24)으로 질소가스를 열처리로(2) 내부에 순환시키는 냉각 3단계를 실시한다.When the hot steam and air in the heat treatment furnace 2 are partially removed by performing the first and second stages of cooling, a slight temperature decrease (internal temperature by heat treatment) occurs, the heat treatment furnace 2 is carried out through the gas injection unit 23. The cooling step is performed to circulate the nitrogen gas inside the heat treatment furnace 2 with the circulation fan 24 while supplying nitrogen gas at a predetermined pressure.

상기 냉각 3단계는 주입된 질소가스로 열처리로 내부 온도를 떨어뜨림과 동시에 처리물 표면에 질소가스를 직접 접촉시켜 냉각시키는 단계인데, 이때, 전기한 냉각 1단계와 2단계가 동시에 운영되면서 처리물에 의해 뜨거워진 질소가스와 그로 인해 발생된 유증기를 냉각 1단계를 통해 냉각기로 배출 및 냉각 투입시켜 열처리로 내에 유증기와 뜨거운 질소가스가 잔존하지 않도록 함과 동시에 질소가스의 냉각효율을 높이고, 또 순환팬이 계속적으로 질소가스를 열처리로 내 전체에 순환시켜 처리물의 전체가 균일적으로 냉각실시될 수 있도록 한다The cooling step 3 is to cool down by directly contacting nitrogen gas to the surface of the treated material at the same time as the internal temperature is lowered by heat treatment with the injected nitrogen gas, at this time, the first cooling step and the second step is operated simultaneously The nitrogen gas heated by the gas and the resulting steam are discharged and cooled into the cooler through the first stage of cooling to prevent the remaining of steam and hot nitrogen gas in the heat treatment furnace, and to increase the cooling efficiency of the nitrogen gas. The fan continuously circulates nitrogen gas throughout the heat treatment furnace so that the entire treatment can be uniformly cooled.

통상적으로 질소가스압력을 1 ~ 6bar로 가압하여 소입하는 방법이다.Typically, nitrogen gas is pressurized to 1 to 6 bar to quench.

이상과 같이 본 발명은 진공침탄로에서 열처리된 처리물 중 그 냉각방식이 가스냉각시스템을 요할 경우 위와 같은 방법으로 실시되는데, 이때 필요에 따라 1,2,3단계를 개별 운영 또는 조합운영이 가능하다.
As described above, the present invention is carried out as described above when the cooling method of the heat treated in the vacuum carburizing furnace requires a gas cooling system, and at this time, the 1,2 or 3 steps may be individually operated or combined operation as necessary. Do.

그리고 진공침탄로에서 오일냉각용 처리물이 열처리 될 경우 본 발명에서는 가스냉각시스템이 아닌 그 하부의 오일냉각시스템을 운영하게 된다.In addition, when the oil cooling treatment is heat treated in the vacuum carburizing furnace, the present invention operates an oil cooling system below the gas cooling system instead of the gas cooling system.

즉, 탄소공구강이나 고속도공구강 등과 같은 강종은 균일한 경도값을 얻어야 하므로 통상 오일냉각을 실시하게 되는데, 본 발명에서는 상기 탄소공구강이나 고속도공구강 등을 진공침탄하여 이를 오일냉각으로 열처리 가능토록 하였다. That is, since steel grades such as carbon steel or high speed steel are required to obtain a uniform hardness value, oil cooling is usually performed. In the present invention, the carbon steel or high speed steel can be vacuum-carburized and heat treated by oil cooling.

그 방법으로는 진공침탄로에서 위 강종이 열처리로에 이송되면, 처리물에서 발생하는 유증기와 뜨거운 공기를 외부 냉각기와 연결된 흡입관으로 배출시키는 배출단계를 실시한다.In the method, when the above steel grades are transferred to the heat treatment furnace in a vacuum carburizing furnace, a discharge step of discharging oil vapor and hot air generated from the treated product to a suction pipe connected to an external cooler is performed.

고온의 처리물이 열처리로에 이송되면 온도편차에 의해 많은 량의 유증기와 뜨거운 공기를 발생시키게 되므로 이를 1차적으로 가스냉각시스템의 1단계에서 사용되었던 흡입관으로 냉각기에 배출시켜 열처리로의 내부 온도의 상승을 소폭 억제한다.When the high temperature processed material is transferred to the heat treatment furnace, a large amount of oil and hot air are generated by the temperature deviation, so it is first discharged to the cooler through the suction pipe used in the first stage of the gas cooling system, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the heat treatment furnace. Slightly suppress the rise.

또 위 배출단계가 완료되면 열처리로 내부를 진공상태로 감압하여 하부 냉각유조의 오일 비점 강하로 오일의 증기막단계, 비등단계, 대류단계의 냉각곡선을 처리물의 특성에 맞게 조절하는 유면압제어 단계를 실시한다.In addition, when the above discharge step is completed, the pressure inside the heat treatment furnace is reduced in a vacuum state so that the oil boiling point of the lower cooling tank lowers the oil vapor pressure step, the boiling step, the convection step, and the oil pressure control step adjusts the cooling curve according to the characteristics of the treated material. Is carried out.

유면압제어란 기름 담금질(Quenching)의 경우, 가열에서 담금질(Quenching) 때까지 동일한 낮은 압력에서 이루어지는 것은 아니다. 예로 100Torr 이하의 압력에서는 전혀 경화되지 않는다.Oil pressure control does not occur at the same low pressure from quenching to quenching in the case of oil quenching. For example, it hardens at all at a pressure of 100 Torr or less.

대기압 아래에서 한 것과 같은 경화 경도를 얻기 위해서는 10-2 Torr 압력에서 가열하여 담금질(Quenching) 직전에 불활성 가스를 불어넣어 약 200 Torr 정도의 압력으로 만든 후 담금질(Quenching) 하여야만 된다. 그러나 이때는 대기압보다 낮아진 용기 내에 있는 기름의 냉각능력이 달라진다.In order to achieve the same curing hardness as that under atmospheric pressure, an inert gas is blown to a pressure of about 200 Torr immediately before quenching by heating at a pressure of 10 -2 Torr, and then quenched. However, the cooling capacity of the oil in the vessel lower than atmospheric pressure is changed.

요약하면 오일 냉각시 진공분위기에서 가열하기 때문에 진공상태에서 냉각실로 나온 후 질소가스를 주입하여 진공상태에서 200Torr로 압을 높인 후 진공배기를 중단하면 200Torr로 담금질(Quenching)하는 것이고 100Torr로 맞추면 100으로 오일 냉각하는 것이 유면압 제어 방식이다.In summary, the oil is heated in the vacuum atmosphere, so when it comes out of the cooling chamber under vacuum, the nitrogen gas is injected to increase the pressure to 200 Torr in the vacuum state, and when the vacuum exhaust is stopped, it is quenched to 200 Torr. Oil cooling is oil pressure control.

따라서, 상기 유면압제어에 따라 보다 다양한 강종을 오일냉각 할 수 있음을 알 수 있다.Accordingly, it can be seen that oil can be cooled in various steel types according to the oil pressure control.

또 상기 유면압제어 단계가 끝나면 처리물을 이송장치로 오일에 침전하여 급속냉각을 실시하는 급냉단계를 실시한다.
In addition, when the oil pressure control step is completed, the process is precipitated in the oil by a transfer device to perform a rapid cooling step to perform a rapid cooling.

아울러 상기 예에서 진공침탄로에서 실시되는 처리물의 특성에 따른 가스냉각과 오일냉각을 분리설명하였으나, 본 발명은 이에 한정되지 않고 가스냉각과 오일냉각을 동시에 실시하여 진공침탄로에서 보다 다양한 재질 및 부피의 처리물을 최상의 조건으로 냉각운영할 수 있도록 한 특징까지 있다.In addition, in the above example, the gas cooling and oil cooling according to the characteristics of the processed material in the vacuum carburizing furnace are separated and described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. It also has features that allow the cooling water to be cooled and operated in the best possible condition.

상세하게는 가스냉각방식은 냉각가스의 양과 압에 의해 처리물에 대한 냉각온도를 일정 이하로 낮출 수 있는 이점과 그 냉각온도제어를 제어할 수 있는 이점을 가지는 것에 반해 그 냉각시간이 오래 걸리고, 오일냉각방식의 경우 유면압제어를 통해 오일의 냉각곡선에서 증기막단계와 비등단계 그리고 대류단계를 조절하여 처리물을 단시간에 냉각할 수 있는 장점이 있으나, 오일의 비점온도에 의해 일정온도 이하로 낮출 수가 없었던 문제를 가지고 있었다. In detail, the gas cooling method takes a long time, while the gas cooling method has the advantage of lowering the cooling temperature of the processed material by a certain amount or pressure and controlling the cooling temperature control. In the case of the oil cooling method, it is possible to cool the processed product in a short time by controlling the vapor film stage, boiling stage, and convection stage in the cooling curve of the oil through oil pressure control, but below the predetermined temperature by the boiling point temperature of the oil. Had a problem that could not be lowered.

하여 본 발명에서는 가스냉각과 오일냉각의 장점을 결합하여 진공침탄로에서 보다 다양한 강종의 처리물을 열처리할 수 있도록 하되, 그 방법으로는 오일냉각시스템을 통해 처리물을 단시간 내에 일정온도로 낮춘 다음 가스냉각시스템으로 다시 처리물을 일정 이하의 온도로 선택 냉각하는 방식과, 가스냉각으로 1차 소정의 온도로 냉각 후 오일냉각으로 급속냉각하는 방식을 위 실시 예를 통해 다양하게 조합하여 처리물의 특성에 맞는 최상의 조건에서 최고의 냉각이 이루어질 수 있도록 하였다.
In the present invention, by combining the advantages of gas cooling and oil cooling to heat treatment of various steel grades in the vacuum carburizing furnace, the method to lower the treatment to a certain temperature within a short time through the oil cooling system Through the above embodiment, the method of selectively cooling the processed material to a predetermined temperature or less by using a gas cooling system and the method of rapidly cooling the oil by an oil cooling after cooling to the first predetermined temperature by gas cooling are variously combined. The best cooling is achieved under the best conditions.

이상에서 본 발명의 진공침탄로용 열처리시스템에 대한 기술 사상을 첨부도면과 함께 서술하였지만, 이는 본 발명의 가장 양호한 실시 예를 예시적으로 설명한 것이지 본 발명을 한정하는 것은 아니다.Although the technical idea of the heat treatment system for vacuum carburizing furnace of the present invention has been described with the accompanying drawings, this is illustrative of the best embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.

따라서, 이 기술 분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자이면 누구나 본 발명의 기술 사상의 범주를 이탈하지 않는 범위 내에서 치수 및 모양 그리고 구조 등의 다양한 변형 및 모방할 수 있음은 명백한 사실이다.
Therefore, it is obvious that any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and imitations such as dimensions, shapes, structures, and the like without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

a : 가스냉각시스템 b : 오일냉각시스템
c : 처리물 1 : 진공침탄로
2 : 열처리로 21 : 냉각기
21' : 흡입관 21" : 유입관
22 : 수냉식열교환기 22' : 냉각조
23 : 가스주입부 24 : 순환팬
3 : 냉각유조 31 : 이송장치a: gas cooling system b: oil cooling system
c: Treatment 1: vacuum carburizing furnace
2: heat treatment furnace 21: cooler
21 ': Suction line 21 ": Inlet line
22: water-cooled heat exchanger 22 ': cooling tank
23: gas injection unit 24: circulation fan
3: cooling oil tank 31: transfer device

Claims (1)

진공침탄로(1)와 분리된 2실형의 열처리로(2)에 가스냉각시스템(a)과 오일냉각시스템(b)을 구성함에 있어서,
상기 가스냉각시스템(a)은 외부 냉각기(21)와 연결된 흡입관(21')으로 처리물(c)에서 발생하는 유증기와 뜨거운 공기를 열처리로(2)에서 배출시켜 일정온도로 냉각 후 다시 재투입하여 냉각을 실시하는 냉각 1단계;.
상기 흡입부(21')의 출구에 수냉식열교환기(22)를 설치하여 열처리로(2) 내부의 온도를 떨어뜨려 처리물(c)의 간접적 온도저하를 꾀하는 냉각 2단계;,
가스주입부(23)를 통해 열처리로(2) 내에 질소가스를 정해진 압력으로 공급하여 순환팬(24)으로 순환시켜 처리물(c)을 냉각하고 그와 동시에 전기한 냉각 1,2 단계를 동시에 실시하여 처리물(c)의 냉각효율이 극대화되도록 한 냉각 3단계로 이루어지고,
오일냉각시스템(b)은 열처리로(2) 하부측에 냉각유조(3)를 구성하여 이루어지는 것으로, 열처리로(2)에 처리물(c)이 이송되면 처리물(c)에서 발생하는 유증기와 뜨거운 공기를 외부 냉각기(21)와 연결된 흡입관(21')으로 배출시키는 배출단계;,
배출단계가 완료되면 열처리로(2) 내부를 진공상태로 감압하여 하부 냉각유조(3)의 오일 비점 강하로 오일의 증기막단계, 비등단계, 대류단계의 냉각곡선을 처리물의 특성에 맞게 조절하는 유면압제어 단계;,
상기 유면압제어 단계가 끝나면 처리물(c)을 이송장치(31)로 오일에 침전하여 급속냉각을 실시하는 급냉단계;,로 이루어지도록 하되,
진공침탄로(1)를 거쳐 열처리로(2)에 투입되는 각종 처리물(c)의 재질과 부피에 따라 가스냉각시스템(a)과 오일냉각시스템(b)을 개별적 운영 내지는 동시 운영 내지는 가스냉각시스템(a)과 오일냉각시스템(b)의 각 단계를 서로 조합하여 최상의 조건에서 최고의 냉각효율이 발생 될 수 있도록 함을 특징으로 하는 진공침탄로용 열처리냉각시스템.In constructing the gas cooling system (a) and the oil cooling system (b) in a two-chamber heat treatment furnace (2) separated from the vacuum carburizing furnace (1),
The gas cooling system (a) is a suction pipe (21 ') connected to the external cooler (21) to discharge the oil vapor and hot air generated in the treatment (c) in the heat treatment furnace (2), cooled to a predetermined temperature and then re-introduced Cooling to perform the cooling step 1;
Installing a water-cooled heat exchanger (22) at the outlet of the suction unit (21 ') to reduce the temperature inside the heat treatment furnace (2) to indirectly lower the temperature of the processed product (c);
Nitrogen gas is supplied to the heat treatment furnace 2 through the gas injection unit 23 at a predetermined pressure, circulated to the circulation fan 24 to cool the processed material c, and simultaneously the cooling steps 1 and 2 described above are simultaneously performed. By performing three steps of cooling to maximize the cooling efficiency of the processed material (c),
The oil cooling system (b) is composed of a cooling oil tank (3) at the lower side of the heat treatment furnace (2). When the treatment product (c) is transferred to the heat treatment furnace (2), the oil vapor generated from the treatment product (c) and Discharge step of discharging hot air to the suction pipe (21 ') connected to the external cooler (21);
When the discharge step is completed, the inside of the heat treatment furnace (2) is decompressed in a vacuum state to adjust the cooling curve of the vapor film step, boiling step, convection step of the oil to the characteristics of the treated material by the oil boiling point drop of the lower cooling tank (3). Oil pressure control step;
After the oil pressure control step is completed, the processing material (c) is precipitated in the oil by the transfer device 31 to perform a rapid cooling step;
The gas cooling system (a) and the oil cooling system (b) are operated separately or simultaneously, or gas-cooled according to the material and volume of the various treatments (c) introduced into the heat treatment furnace (2) via the vacuum carburizing furnace (1). Heat treatment cooling system for vacuum carburizing, characterized in that each step of the system (a) and the oil cooling system (b) are combined with each other so that the best cooling efficiency can be generated under the best conditions.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102162465B1 (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-10-06 김진수 A vacuum carburizing heat treatment apparatus for hot die steel and method of carburizing heat treatment for hot die steel using the apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102162465B1 (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-10-06 김진수 A vacuum carburizing heat treatment apparatus for hot die steel and method of carburizing heat treatment for hot die steel using the apparatus

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