KR20120076972A - Retarder for image display device and 3d image display device including the same and 3d image realization system including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A patterned retarder and a 3D image display device with the same, and a 3D image forming system are provided to form a base layer with birefringence for a phase delay of 1/4 wavelength and a patterned retarder layer for a phase delay of 1/2 wavelength, thereby preventing light leakage and crosstalk. CONSTITUTION: A base layer(145) has birefringence for a phase delay of 1/4 wavelength. A patterned retarder layer(143) is formed in a lower portion of the base layer. The patterned retarder layer comprises a pattern with different optical axes for a phase delay for 1/2 wavelength. An adhesive layer(141) is formed in a lower part of the patterned retarder layer. A surface processing layer(149) reduces reflection due to external light.

Description

Patterned retarder and three-dimensional image display apparatus including the same, and three-dimensional image implementation system TECHNICAL FIELD [3] [3] IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME AND 3D IMAGE REALIZATION SYSTEM INCLUDING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a patterned retarder capable of realizing high-quality three-dimensional images by preventing crosstalk, a three-dimensional image display apparatus including the same, and a three-dimensional image implementation system.

In addition to binocular disparity caused by the distance between the two eyes, there are psychological and memory factors that cause humans to feel depth and three-dimensional feeling. Therefore, how much three-dimensional image information can provide the viewer with three-dimensional image display technology? On the basis of the standard, it is classified into a volumetric expression type (volumetric type), a three-dimensional expression method (holographic type), a stereoscopic expression method (stereoscopic type).

The volume expression method is a way to feel the perspective of the depth direction due to psychological factors and inhalation effects. The viewing angle is calculated by a 3D computer graphic or an observer who displays perspective, superposition, shadow, contrast, and movement by calculation. It is applied to so-called IMAX movies, which provide a large large screen and cause optical illusions to be sucked into the space.

The three-dimensional representation method is the most complete stereoscopic image display technology, and may be represented by laser light reproduction holography or white light reproduction holography.

In addition, the stereoscopic expression method is to sense a three-dimensional feeling using physiological factors of both eyes. Specifically, if a plane-related image of parallax information is provided in the left and right, which is about 65 mm apart, the front and rear of the display surface in the process of fusing them It is the ability to create spatial information of the three-dimensional sense, that is, using stereography (stereography).

This stereoscopic expression method is called a multi-eye display method, and according to the position of the actual three-dimensional display, the viewer wears special glasses or a parallax barrier, lenticular or integral on the display surface side. It can be divided into a glasses-free method using a lens array of the back.

Of these, the glasses have a wider viewing angle and less dizziness when viewed, and can be produced at a relatively low cost, especially at a lower cost than holograms. When viewing 2D flat images, one image display device can be used for displaying 2D flat images and 3D stereoscopic images because glasses need not be worn.

The glasses can be divided into shutter glasses, which are time-crossing methods, and polarization, which are time-division methods. Shutter glasses, which display images of left and right eyes alternately on a single screen, can be used to display left and right shutters of shutter glasses. The sequential opening / closing timing is matched with the time-interval time of the left and right eye images so that each image is separately recognized by the left eye and the right eye.

In addition, the polarization splitting method divides pixels of one screen into columns, rows, or pixels, and displays left and right images in different polarization directions, and the left and right glasses of the polarizing glasses have different polarization directions. Each image is recognized separately in the left eye and the right eye, thereby displaying a three-dimensional effect.

The shutter glasses method needs to increase the number of times per unit time in order to reduce fatigue and increase stereoscopic feeling. When this method is applied to a 3D image display device, a slow response speed of a liquid crystal and a scan type screen are used. Flickering may occur due to the addressing timing not being completely consistent with the time-crossing timing, which may cause dizziness such as dizziness when listening.

Since the polarization splitting method does not cause the flicker phenomenon as described above, it causes less fatigue during viewing, but has a problem that the resolution is reduced in half because two rows, columns, or pixels are divided to display two images simultaneously on one screen.

However, since most of the existing display devices such as three-dimensional image display devices have already achieved high resolution, and it is sufficiently possible to further improve the resolution in the future, the resolution halving will not be a problem in the polarization split type three-dimensional image display device. It is expected.

In addition, the shutter glasses method should be equipped with hardware or circuitry in the display for displaying the time difference, and the expensive glasses are required when viewing by multiple people due to the need for expensive glasses called shutter glasses. Patterned polarization optical media (e.g., patterned retarders, micro polarizers, etc.) capable of splitting polarization on the front of the device can be used for many low cost polarized glasses. The cost is relatively very low as it can be appreciated.

The patterned retarder used as the polarization split optical medium functions as optical means for modulating the emitted light so as to be disposed in front of the display device to have two different polarization directions on a pixel, row or column basis.

1 is a view showing a conventional patterned retarder type three-dimensional image implementation system, Figure 2 is a view showing a Poincare sphere showing the polarization state in the three-dimensional image display device of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional three-dimensional image implementing system 1 selectively transmits an image passing through the three-dimensional image display device 10 displaying an image and an image passing through the three-dimensional image display device 10 to the left or right eye. It consists of a polarizing glasses 80 to make.

First, the 3D image display apparatus 10 includes a liquid crystal panel 12, a patterned retarder 40 attached to an outer surface of the liquid crystal panel 12, and a backlight unit provided on an inner surface of the liquid crystal panel 12. Not shown).

The liquid crystal panel 12 includes an array substrate 15, a color filter substrate 20, a liquid crystal layer (not shown) interposed between the array substrate 15, and the color filter substrate 20, and the array substrate. 15 and the first and second polarizing plates 25 and 30 attached to the outer surface of each of the color filter substrates 20 and the transmission axes are perpendicular to each other.

The array substrate 15 is connected to the gate and data lines 16 and 18 and the two lines 16 and 18 to define the plurality of pixel regions P and cross each other to correspond to each pixel region P. FIG. The thin film transistor Tr is provided. In addition, the pixel electrode 19 is connected to the thin film transistor Tr.

The color filter substrate 20 includes a black matrix 22 corresponding to a boundary of each pixel region P, and a color filter layer including red, green, and blue color filter patterns sequentially corresponding to each pixel region P. And a common electrode (not shown) covering the color filter layer (not shown) are provided on the front surface.

In the color filter substrate 20, the left eye horizontal pixel line 23 displaying the left eye image and the right eye horizontal pixel line 24 displaying the right eye image are alternately arranged along the vertical direction, and the left eye horizontal pixel line 23 Each pixel area of the right eye horizontal pixel line 24 includes red, green, and blue sub pixel areas.

The light emitted from the pixel areas of the left eye horizontal pixel line 23 and the right eye horizontal pixel line 24 of the color filter substrate 20 is polarized in the polarization direction of the second polarizing plate 30 by the second polarizing plate 30. Is linearly polarized and emitted.

The patterned retarder 40 may include a first retarder 43a corresponding to the left eye horizontal pixel line 23 of the color filter substrate 20 and a right eye horizontal pixel line 24 of the color filter substrate 20. It includes a second retarder (43b) corresponding to.

The first retarder 43a and the second retarder 43b have a phase retardation of 1/4 wavelength, and the phase retardation axis is a polarization direction of the second polarizing plate 30. And patterns arranged at +45 degrees and -45 degrees, respectively.

Accordingly, the patterned retarder 40 causes the linearly polarized light emitted through the second polarizing plate 30 from the pixel regions corresponding to the left eye horizontal pixel line 23 of the color filter substrate 20 to become a right circularly polarized state. The linearly polarized light emitted from the pixel regions corresponding to the right eye horizontal pixel line 24 through the second polarizing plate 30 is left circularly polarized.

On the other hand, the polarizing glasses 80 forming one set with the three-dimensional image display apparatus 10 having the above-described configuration, the polarizing film is attached to the conventional glasses made of a transparent glass material. In this case, a first polarizing film 50a for selectively transmitting only right circularly polarized light is attached to the left eye lens corresponding to the left eye of the user, and a second polarizing film 50b for selectively transmitting only left circularly polarized light is attached to the right eye polarizing lens. do.

Accordingly, among the images delivered to the viewer, the right-circularly polarized left eye image is transmitted to the viewer's left eye through the left eye lens, and the left-circularly polarized right eye image is transmitted to the viewer's right eye through the right eye lens, so that the viewer is directed to his left and right eyes. The 3D image can be viewed by synthesizing the left eye image and the right eye image, respectively.

Meanwhile, as described above, each pixel area of the left eye horizontal pixel line 23 and the right eye horizontal pixel line 24 of the color filter substrate 20 includes red, green, and blue sub-pixel areas. Since each of the blue sub-pixel regions has a different wavelength band (red is 650 nm, green is 550 nm, and blue is 550 nm), dispersion characteristics are also different.

In general, since the pattern retarder is designed to match the green wavelength, light leakage occurs due to red and blue colors, which causes crosstalk, and causes a problem of deterioration of viewing angle characteristics.

This will be described with reference to the poincare sphere sphere of FIG. 2. Herein, the Poincare sphere expresses all polarization states of light on a spherical surface, and can express polarized light as a sphere having a radius of 1 represented by a rectangular coordinate point of (S1, S2, S3).

All points on the equatorial line of the Poincare sphere correspond to linear polarization, at the two poles the first pole of the northern hemisphere corresponds to the right circular polarization and the second pole of the southern hemisphere corresponds to the left circular polarization. The remaining points correspond to elliptical polarizations, where the points in the northern hemisphere correspond to the right elliptical polarization and the points in the southern hemisphere correspond to the left elliptical polarization.

Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings will be described based on the northern hemisphere corresponding to the left eye image.

In FIG. 3, the aR, aG, and aB points represent polarization states of red, green, and blue light having different wavelength bands transmitted through the second polarizing plate 30 of the 3D image display device 12 at the same point, and are represented by dR, dG, Each of the dB points represents a state in which red, green, and blue light for the left eye are polarized by the first retarder 43a of the patterned retarder (40 in FIG. 1).

Here, the green light linearly polarized by the second polarizing plate 30 is located at the aR point of the S1 axis and phase delayed at 1/4 wavelength, and the phase delay axis is disposed at +45 degrees with the polarization direction of the second polarizing plate 30. The right circularly polarized light passes through the left eye ritter 43a and is positioned at the dG point of the S3 axis.

However, the red light linearly polarized by the second polarizing plate 30 is located at the aG point of the S1 axis and phase delayed at 1/4 wavelength, and the phase delay axis is disposed at +45 degrees with the polarization direction of the second polarizing plate 30. While passing through the first retarder 43a, the right elliptical polarization is located at the dR point, because the red wavelength is 650 nm, longer than the green wavelength 550 nm, and the phase delay is less than 1/4 wavelength.

In addition, the blue light linearly polarized by the second polarizing plate 30 is located at point aB of the S1 axis and phase delayed at a quarter wavelength, and the phase delay axis is disposed at +45 degrees with the polarization direction of the second polarizing plate 30. While passing through the first retarder 43a, the right elliptical polarization is located at the dB point, because the blue wavelength is 450 nm and shorter than the green wavelength 550 nm, so that the phase delay is longer than 1/4 wavelength.

Similarly, although not shown in the drawing, the red light and the green light linearly flattened by the second polarizing plate 30 are phase-delayed at a quarter wavelength, and the phase delay axis is disposed at -45 degrees with the polarization direction of the second polarizing plate 30. Left elliptical polarization is made while passing through the second retarder 43b.

As such, the red light and the green light do not have a quarter wavelength intended for phase delay by the pattern retarder and thus cannot be circularly polarized, and are elliptically polarized, causing light leakage and causing problems of crosstalk and visibility.

The present invention provides a half wavelength and a quarter by forming a base layer having a birefringence so as to phase retard at a quarter wavelength and a patterned retarder layer having a phase retardation at a half wavelength on one surface of the base layer. It is an object of the present invention to provide a patterned retarder, a three-dimensional image display device including the same, and a three-dimensional image realization system capable of preventing light leakage and crosstalk by improving dispersion characteristics by combining wavelengths.

In order to achieve the above object, the patterned retarder according to the present invention comprises a base layer having a birefringence such that the phase delay is made to a quarter wavelength; A patterned retarder layer formed under the base layer, the patterned retarder layer having a phase delay at a half wavelength and having patterns having different optical axes; It includes an adhesive layer formed on the lower portion of the patterned retarder layer.

It is characterized in that it further comprises a surface treatment layer formed on the base layer to reduce reflection by external light.

The birefringence is controlled by the thickness of the base layer and the refractive index difference by the reactive mesogen material.

The base layer may include a glass substrate and a birefringence layer formed by coating and curing the reactive mesogen material on one surface of the glass substrate.

The base layer may include a base film and a birefringence layer formed by coating and curing the reactive mesogen material on one surface of the base film.

The patterned retarder layer may be a pattern in which the optical axis is arranged at +22.5 degrees and +157.5 degrees with respect to the polarization direction of the emitted light of the image display device.

The patterned retarder layer may include a first retarder layer to have a first polarization state and a second retarder layer to have a second polarization state. It is characterized by having a black stripe (black stripe) below the boundary between.

On the other hand, the three-dimensional image display device according to the present invention, the liquid crystal panel for displaying the first image and the second image; A first polarizing plate attached to one outer side of the liquid crystal panel and having a first polarization axis, and a second polarizing plate attached to the other outer side of the liquid crystal panel and having a second polarization axis orthogonal to the first polarizing axis; A patterned retarder attached to an outer surface of the second polarizing plate such that the first light corresponding to the first image and the second light corresponding to the second image have different first and second circularly polarized states; The patterned retarder includes a base layer having birefringence such that phase retardation is performed at a quarter wavelength, and a pattern formed at a lower portion of the base layer and having a phase delay at half wavelength and having different optical axes. It comprises a patterned retarder layer having a, and an adhesive layer formed on the lower portion of the patterned retarder layer.

On the other hand, the three-dimensional image implementation system according to the present invention, the liquid crystal panel for displaying the first image and the second image; A first polarizing plate attached to one outer side of the liquid crystal panel and having a first polarization axis, and a second polarizing plate attached to the other outer side of the liquid crystal panel and having a second polarization axis orthogonal to the first polarizing axis; A first patterned retarder attached to an outer surface of the second polarizing plate such that the first light corresponding to the first image and the second light corresponding to the second image have different first and second circularly polarized states; With more; A second patterned retarder to have a first linearly polarized state equal to the optical axis of the first light, a third patterned retarder to have a second linearly polarized state identical to the optical axis of the second light, and a second patterned retarder And polarizing glasses including first and second polarizing films for selectively transmitting or blocking linearly polarized light emitted from the third patterned retarder, each of the first to third patterned retarders being 1/4 A patterned retarder layer having a birefringent base layer having a phase refraction at a wavelength, a pattern formed at a lower portion of the base layer, having a phase delay at 1/2 wavelength, and having patterns having different optical axes, And a patterned retarder including an adhesive layer formed under the retarder layer.

In the patterned retarder, the three-dimensional image display apparatus, and the three-dimensional image implementation system, the patterned retarder having a combination of / 2 (HWP: half wave plate) and / 4 (QWP: quarter wave plate) is three-dimensional image. By applying to display devices and polarizing glasses, red and blue dispersion characteristics are improved to prevent light leakage and crosstalk, and to improve viewing angles to provide a three-dimensional image with improved image quality.

1 is a view showing a conventional three-dimensional image implementation system of the patterned retarder method.
FIG. 2 illustrates a Poincare sphere showing polarization states in the 3D image display device of FIG. 1.
3 is a view showing a three-dimensional image implementation system of the patterned retarder method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4A is a view showing the structure of a patterned retarder according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
4B is a view showing the structure of the patterned retarder according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view showing the structure of the patterned retarder according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 illustrates a Poincare sphere showing polarization states in a three-dimensional image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a view showing the structure of a polarizing glasses according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a view showing a Poincare sphere showing the polarization state in the polarizing glasses according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

3 is a view showing a patterned retarder type three-dimensional image implementation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4a is a view showing the structure of a patterned retarder according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4b Is a view showing the structure of a patterned retarder according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the 3D image realization system 100 selectively transmits an image passing through the 3D image display apparatus 110 and an image coming out through the 3D image display apparatus 110 to the left or right eye. It consists of a polarizing glasses 180 to.

First, the 3D image display device 110 includes a liquid crystal panel 112, a patterned retarder 140 attached to an outer surface of the liquid crystal panel 112, and a backlight unit provided on the inner surface of the liquid crystal panel 112 ( Not shown).

The liquid crystal panel 112 includes an array substrate 115, a color filter substrate 120, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the array substrate 115, and the color filter substrate 120, and the array substrate. 115 and first and second polarizers 125 and 130 attached to outer surfaces of the color filter substrate 120, respectively.

The first and second polarization axes of the first and second polarizers 125 and 130 are vertically intersected with each other.

The array substrate 115 is connected to the gate and data lines 116 and 118 and the gate and data lines 116 and 118 that define a plurality of pixel regions P to cross each other and to each pixel region P. A corresponding thin film transistor Tr is provided. In addition, the thin film transistor Tr is connected to the pixel electrode 119.

The color filter substrate 120 includes a black matrix 132 corresponding to a boundary of each pixel region P, and a color filter layer including red, green, and blue color filter patterns sequentially corresponding to each pixel region P. And a common electrode (not shown) covering the color filter layer (not shown).

In this case, the common electrode (not shown) provided on the front surface of the color filter substrate 120 may be alternately arranged with the pixel electrode 119 in each pixel area P according to the mode of the 3D image display device 110. It may be formed on the array substrate 115.

The left eye horizontal pixel line 123 for displaying a left eye image and the right eye horizontal pixel line 124 for displaying a right eye image are alternately arranged along the vertical direction of the liquid crystal panel 120 on the color filter substrate 120. Red, green, and blue sub-pixel areas R, G, and B are sequentially disposed in each of the pixel line 123 and the right eye horizontal pixel line 124.

The first polarizing plate 125 linearly polarizes the light emitted by the backlight unit (not shown) in the first direction, and the second polarizing plate 130 has the second light perpendicular to the first direction from the color filter substrate 120. Linearly polarizes in the direction of

Meanwhile, the patterned retarder 140 may have a surface treatment layer 149, a base layer 145, and a base layer 145 under the surface treatment layer 149, as shown in FIG. 4A. ) Is formed in the order of the patterned retarder layer 143 and the adhesion layer 141 at the bottom of the patterned retarder layer 143.

The adhesive layer 141 bonds the second polarizing plate 130 of the liquid crystal panel 112 to the patterned retarder 140.

The patterned retarder layer 143 may include the first retarder layer 143a and the second retarder layer 143b respectively corresponding to the left eye horizontal pixel line 123 and the right eye horizontal pixel line 124 of the color filter substrate 120. In addition, the first retarder layer 143a and the second retarder layer 143b are alternately disposed along the vertical direction of the liquid crystal panel 112.

The patterned retarder layer 143 may form patterns to have different optical axes through photo-alignment by polarized UV of the alignment layer and coating and curing of reactive mesogen (RM). The phase delay axis is configured to be arranged at +22.5 degrees and +157.5 degrees with respect to the polarization direction of the second polarizing plate 130, respectively. Accordingly, the patterned retarder layer 143 serves as a half wave plate (HWP) having a phase delay of / 2.

The base layer 145 is made of a material having different refractive indices, that is, a material having a birefringence property, characterized in that the phase retardation is / 4 by birefringence. Accordingly, the base layer 145 serves as a quarter wave plate (QWP) having a phase delay of / 4. The phase delay value can be adjusted according to the birefringence value and the thickness of the layer.

The base layer 145 may be made of an organic polymer material. When the phase delay value is adjusted by adjusting the thickness, the base layer 145 is formed to have a first thickness such that the phase delay value is / 4, and the birefringence value (refractive index difference (Δ In case of adjusting the phase delay value by adjusting n)), the phase delay value can be made to be / 4 by controlling the refractive index using reactive mesogens (RM) having a constant delay value.

 For example, when the base layer 145 is formed of the same material, the base layer A is formed to the first thickness, and if the phase delay value is zero, the second thickness of the base layer B is twice the first thickness. It can be formed so that the phase delay value is / 4. In addition, when the base layer 145 is formed with the same thickness, if the base layer A is formed of the first reactive mesogen material and has a first refractive index, the base layer B has a second refractive index that is twice the first refractive index. By forming the second reactive mesogen material, the phase delay can be made to be / 4.

The surface treatment layer 149 is for reducing reflection by external light and may be omitted in other embodiments.

Meanwhile, the base layer 145 as described above may be formed in a glass type or a film type, which will be described with reference to FIG. 4B. Here, the description of the same structure as 4a is omitted.

First, in the case of the glass type, the patterned retarder 140 may include a surface treatment layer 149 and a birefringence layer 146 under the surface treatment layer 149 as shown in FIG. 4B. On the bottom of the birefringence layer 146, the glass substrate 144 corresponding to the base substrate, the patterned retarder layer 143 below the glass substrate 144, and the adhesion layer below the patterned retarder layer 143 141 may be configured in this order.

The birefringence layer 146 is formed to have birefringence in which a phase delay is / 4 by coating a reactive mesogen material on the glass substrate 144 and curing the coated reactive mesogen material by using UV or the like. Such a patterned retarder is called a glass type patterned retarder (GPR).

Alternatively, in the case of the film type, the patterned retarder 140 may have a birefringence layer having a birefringence under the surface treatment layer 149 and a surface treatment layer 149 from top to bottom as shown in FIG. 4B. 146, a base film 144 under the birefringence layer 146, a patterned retarder layer 143 under the base film 144, and an adhesive layer 141 under the patterned retarder layer 143. ) Can be configured in order.

The base film 144 may be made of an organic polymer material such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), cyclo olefin copolymer (COP), polyacrylate (Pac), polyetheretherketon (PEEK), polyvinylalcohol (PVA), or the like.

The birefringence layer 146 is a birefringence layer having a phase delay of / 4 by coating reactive mesogens (RM) on top of the base film 144 and curing the coated reactive mesogen materials using UV or the like. It is formed to have. Such a patterned retarder is called a film type patterned retarder (FPR).

FIG. 5 is a view illustrating a structure of a patterned retarder according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and has the same structure as FIG. 4A except for a black stripe, and the same parts as in FIG. 4A are designated by the same reference numerals. The description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5, the patterned retarder 140 includes a surface treatment layer 149, a base layer 145 under the surface treatment layer 149, and a patterned retarder under the base layer 145. The layer 143 includes a black stripe 142 under the patterned retarder layer 143 and an adhesive layer 141 under the black stripe 142.

The black stripe 142 is formed corresponding to the boundary between the first retarder layer 143a and the second retarder layer 143b of the patterned retarder layer 134 so that the left eye image and the right eye image from the liquid crystal panel 112 can be viewed by the viewer. It is used for the purpose of preventing cross-talk that is simultaneously transmitted to the left and right eyes of the 3D viewing angle in the vertical direction.

In other words, at the upper and lower viewing angles of the 3D image display device, a part of the left eye image corresponding to the left eye horizontal pixel line 123 of the liquid crystal panel 112 may be directed to the second retarder layer 143b, which is part of the left eye image. Since the block is blocked by the black stripe 142, a part of the left eye image may not be transmitted to the second retarder layer 143b, and a part of the right eye image corresponding to the right eye horizontal pixel line 124 of the liquid crystal panel 112 may be removed. The right eye image may be directed to the first retarder layer 143a. Since a part of the right eye image is blocked by the black stripe 142, a part of the right eye image may not be transmitted to the first retarder layer 143a.

Here, the polarization states of red, green, and blue light having different wavelength bands in the three-dimensional image display device 110 having the above-described configuration will be described using Poincare sphere. In this case, the patterned retarder will be described assuming that the dispersion characteristics are designed to match the green wavelength.

FIG. 6 illustrates a Poincare sphere showing polarization states in a three-dimensional image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Here, the Poincare sphere represents all polarization states of light on a spherical surface, and can express polarized light as a sphere having a radius of 1 represented by a rectangular coordinate point of (s1, s2, s3).

All points on the equatorial line of the Poincare sphere correspond to linear polarization, at the two poles the first pole of the northern hemisphere corresponds to the right circular polarization and the second pole of the southern hemisphere (not shown) corresponds to the left circular polarization. The remaining points correspond to elliptical polarizations, where the points in the northern hemisphere correspond to the right elliptical polarization and the points in the southern hemisphere (not shown) correspond to the left elliptical polarization.

Hereinafter, the description will be made based on the northern hemisphere corresponding to the left eye image.

In FIG. 6, the AR, AG, and AB points are the same points, indicating the polarization states of red, green, and blue light transmitted through the second polarizing plate 130 of FIG. 3, and the DR, DG, and DB points are the same points. The red, green, and blue light for the left eye at the AR, AG, and AB points are circularly polarized by the pattern retarder (140 in FIG. 4).

First, the left eye red light linearly polarized in the second direction by the second polarizing plate (130 in FIG. 3) is located at the AR point of the S1 axis, and has a phase delay of 1/2 wavelength, and the polarization of the second polarizing plate (130 in FIG. 3). The right-handed polarized light passes through the first retarder layer (143a of FIG. 4A) of the pattern retarder (140 of FIG. 4) disposed in the direction and +22.5 degrees, and is positioned at the CR point. This is because the red wavelength is 650 nm, which is longer than the green wavelength 550 nm, resulting in less phase delay than 1/4 wavelength.

In addition, the right elliptically polarized red light at the CR point is positioned at the DR point of the S axis while passing through the base layer (145 of FIG. 4A) of the pattern retarder (140 of FIG. 4A) which performs phase delay of 1/4 wavelength. The phase delay of the red light is less than 1/4 wavelength, and is located at the DR point of the S axis. Accordingly, the red light for the left eye emitted from the 3D image display device 110 is polarized to the right and emitted.

Next, the left eye green light linearly polarized in the second direction by the second polarizing plate (130 in FIG. 3) is positioned at the AG point of the S1 axis, and has a phase delay of 1/2 wavelength, and the polarization of the second polarizing plate (130 in FIG. 3). It is rotated by +45 degrees in the second direction while passing through the first retarder layer (143a in FIG. 4a) of the pattern retarder (140 in FIG. 4a) disposed at +22.5 degrees in the direction and positioned at the CG point of the S2 axis.

The linearly polarized green light at the CG point of the S2 axis is modulated into right circularly polarized light while passing through the base layer (145 of FIG. 4A) of the pattern retarder (140 of FIG. 4A) which performs phase delay of 1/4 wavelength, and is the DG point of the S axis. By being located in the left eye green light emitted from the three-dimensional image display device 110 is emitted to the right polarized.

Finally, the left-eye blue light linearly polarized in the second direction by the second polarizing plate (130 in FIG. 3) is located at the AB point of the S1 axis, and has a phase delay of 1/2 wavelength, and the polarization of the second polarizing plate (130 in FIG. 3). The left elliptical polarization passes through the first retarder layer (143a of FIG. 4A) of the pattern retarder (140 of FIG. 4A) disposed at a direction and +22.5 degrees, and is positioned at the CB point of the S2 axis. This is because the blue wavelength is 450 nm and longer than the green wavelength 550 nm, resulting in less phase delay than half wavelength.

Then, the left elliptically polarized blue light at the CB point is modulated into right circularly polarized light while passing through the base layer (145 of FIG. 4A) of the pattern retarder 140 (FIG. 4A) having a phase delay of 1/4 wavelength. As the phase delay is longer than 1/4 wavelength, it is located at the DB point of the S axis. Accordingly, the blue light for the left eye emitted from the 3D image display device 110 is polarized to the right and emitted.

As described above, the patterned retarder 140 (FIG. 4A) according to the present invention has a patterned retarder layer (143 of FIG. 4A) that performs phase delay at 1/2 wavelength and a base delayed at 1/4 wavelength. Combining the layers 145 of FIG. 4A allows red and blue light to be circularly polarized rather than elliptical.

As such, since red light and blue light are circularly polarized together with green light, light leakage and crosstalk that may occur in the 3D image display device can be prevented and visibility is improved.

Meanwhile, the polarizing glasses 160 of the present invention forming one set with the three-dimensional image display apparatus 110 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to the drawings.

7 is a view showing the structure of a polarizing glasses according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 is a view showing a Poincare sphere showing the polarization state in the polarizing glasses according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, only the left-eye patterned retarder 180a and the left-eye linearly polarized light that modulate the right circularly polarized light into the left-eye linearly polarized light are selectively included in the left-eye lens corresponding to the user's left eye in the polarizing glasses 180. The first polarizing film 150a to be transmitted through is attached to the right eye lens, and the right polarized patterned retarder 180b for modulating the left circularly polarized light into linear polarization for the right eye and the second polarization for selectively transmitting only the linear polarization for the right eye. The film 150b is attached.

The left eye patterned retarder 180a is formed on the first base layer 181a, the left eye retarder layer 183a formed on the first base layer 181a, and the left eye retarder layer 183a. The right eye patterned retarder 180b includes a first base layer 185a, a right eye retarder layer 183b formed on the second base layer 181b, an upper part of the second base layer 181b, It consists of a 2nd adhesion layer 185b formed in the upper part of the right eye retarder layer 183b.

The first and second base layers 181a and 181b are made of materials having different refractive indices, that is, materials having birefringence properties, and are characterized by phase retardation at / 4 by birefringence. Accordingly, the first and second base layers 181a and 181b serve as quarter wave plates (QWPs) having a phase delay of / 4. The phase delay value may be adjusted according to the birefringence value and the thickness of the layer.

Accordingly, the first and second base layers 181a and 181b may be formed of an organic polymer material, and when the phase delay value is adjusted by adjusting the thickness, the first and second base layers 181a and 181b are formed to have a first thickness such that the phase delay value is / 4. If the phase retardation value is adjusted by adjusting the birefringence value (refractive index difference (Δn)), the phase retardation value is / 4 by adjusting the refractive index by using reactive mesogens (RM) having a constant retardation value. It can be done with.

 Meanwhile, the first and second base layers 181a and 181b as described above may be formed in a glass type and a film type. Description thereof is the same as described above, and thus will be omitted.

The left eye retarder layer 183a corresponds to the left eye horizontal pixel line 123 of the liquid crystal panel 112, and the right eye retarder layer 183b corresponds to the right eye horizontal pixel line 124 of the liquid crystal panel 112. Each of the left and right eye retarder layers 183a and 183b may form a pattern to have different optical axes through optical alignment due to polarization UV of the alignment layer and coating and curing of reactive mesogen (RM). The phase delay is set to / 2, and the phase delay axis is configured to be arranged at +22.5 degrees and 157.5 degrees with the polarization directions of the first and second base layers, respectively. Accordingly, the left eye and right eye retarder layers 183a and 183b serve as half wave plates (HWPs) having a phase delay of / 2.

Meanwhile, the first polarizing film 150a selectively transmits only linearly polarized light for the right eye, and the second polarizing film 150b selectively transmits only linearly polarized light for the left eye.

Accordingly, right circularly polarized light emitted from the 3D image display device 110 is modulated into linearly polarized light for the left eye while passing through the first base layer 181a of the left eye lens, and the linearly polarized light for the left eye is polarized in the first base layer 181a. And passed through the first polarizing film 150a while passing through the left eye retarder layer 183a formed and disposed at +22.5 degrees.

Then, the left circularly polarized light emitted from the 3D image display device 110 is modulated by the right eye linearly polarized light while passing through the second base layer 181b of the right eye lens of the polarizing glasses 180, and the right eye linearly polarized light is the second base layer. The right eye is transmitted through the second polarizing film 150b while passing through the right eye retarder layer 183b disposed at +157.5 degrees with the polarization direction of 181b.

As a result, the image is transmitted through the three-dimensional image display apparatus 110, which wears the polarizing glasses 180 as described above, alternately for each pixel line, and displays images having left and right eye images and having different circularly polarized states. In the case of viewing, since the left eye image is incident through the left eye lens and the right eye image is incident through the right eye lens, the user can view a 3D image by combining these two images.

In the above 3D image display device, the light incident from the backlight unit (not shown) includes a 3D image display device 110 including a first polarizing plate 112 and a second polarizing plate 114, and a patterned retarder ( 140 and a polarizing glasses 180 which pass through the surface treatment layer 150 and finally include left and right eye patterned retarders 180a and 180b and first and second polarizing films 150a and 150b. To reach the user's eyes.

Meanwhile, the structures of the left and right eye patterned retarders 180a and 180b included in the polarizing glasses 180 may be changed according to the above-described embodiment of the patterned retarder (FIGS. 4B and 5).

Here, the polarization state in the polarizing glasses according to the embodiment of the present invention through the Poincare sphere shown in FIG. 8. In this case, it will be described based on the northern hemisphere corresponding to the left eye image.

As described with reference to FIG. 6, the D-R, D-G, and D-B points are the same points and represent the right circular polarization states of red, green, and blue light emitted through the three-dimensional image display device 110 (see FIG. 3). The F-R, F-G, and F-B points are the same points, and the red, green, and blue light of the D-R, D-G, and D-B points are linearly polarized by the polarizing glasses 180.

First, the first base layer of the polarized glasses 180 having the right circularly polarized left eye red light emitted through the 3D image display apparatus 110 (FIG. 3) is located at the DR point of the S3 axis and has a phase delay of 1/4 wavelength. While passing through 181a), the right elliptical polarization is located at the ER point, because the red wavelength is 650 nm, longer than the green wavelength 550 nm, and the phase delay is less than 1/4 wavelength.

In addition, the right elliptically polarized red light at the ER point has a phase delay of 1/2 wavelength and the polarization glasses 180 arranged at +22.5 degrees with the polarization direction of the outgoing light of the first base layer 181a of the polarizing glasses 180. As it passes through the left eye retarder layer 183a, it is modulated by linearly polarized light for the left eye and positioned at the FR point of the S1-axis, because the phase delay of the red light is less than half wavelength.

Next, the first base layer of the polarized glasses 180 having a phase delay of 1/4 wavelength is located at the DG point of the S3-axis, which is emitted through the three-dimensional image display apparatus 110 (FIG. 3). As it passes through 181a, it is modulated by linearly polarized light for the left eye and positioned at the EG point of the S2 axis.

The red light of the linearly polarized light for the left eye at the EG point of the S2 axis has a phase delay of 1/2 wavelength, and the polarizing glasses 180 disposed at +22.5 degrees with the polarization direction of the emitted light of the first base layer 181a of the polarizing glasses 180. While passing through the left eye retarder layer 183a of (), it is rotated by +45 degrees in the third direction of the left eye linearly polarized light and positioned at the FG point of the S1 axis.

Lastly, the first base layer of the polarized glasses 180 having a phase delay of 1/4 wavelength is located at the DB point of the S3 axis and the right circularly polarized blue light emitted through the 3D image display apparatus 110 (see FIG. 3). While passing through (181a), the left elliptical polarization is positioned at the EB point, because the blue wavelength is 450 nm, which is shorter than the green wavelength of 550 nm, and thus the phase delay is longer than 1/4 wavelength.

Then, the left elliptically polarized blue light at the EB point has a phase delay of 1/2 wavelength and the polarization glasses 180 disposed at +22.5 degrees with the polarization direction of the outgoing light of the first base layer 181a of the polarizing glasses 180. As it passes through the left eye retarder layer 183a, it is modulated by linearly polarized light for the left eye and positioned at the FB point on the S1 axis.

Accordingly, in the Poincare sphere of FIG. 6, AR, AG, AB points indicating polarization states of red, green, and blue light transmitted through the second polarizing plate (130 of FIG. 3) of the three-dimensional image display device (110 of FIG. 3) and FIG. In the Poincare sphere, FR, FG, and FB points representing the polarization states of red, green, and blue light transmitted through the left eye patterned retarder of the polarizing glasses 180 exhibit the same polarization states.

As such, when the polarized glasses to which the patterned retarder according to the present invention is applied are applied together with the three-dimensional image display device, the red and blue light as well as the green light emitted through the three-dimensional image display device can be circularly polarized, and the three-dimensional image display can be performed. The circularly polarized red, green, and blue light of the device are linearly polarized by polarized glasses, thereby preventing light leakage and crosstalk due to elliptical polarization. In particular, even when the viewer moves to the left and right, it is possible to prevent light leakage and crosstalk, thereby improving the viewing angle and visibility.

In the above description, the three-dimensional image display device has been described as an example. In another embodiment, various types of display devices for emitting light in a polarized state may be applied.

That is, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

140: patterned retarder 141: adhesive layer
143: patterned retarder layer 143a: first retarder layer
143b: second retarder layer 145: base layer
149: surface treatment layer
180: polarized glasses 180a: left eye retarder
180b: right eye retarder 150a: first polarizing film
150b: second polarizing film

Claims (9)

A base layer having birefringence such that phase delay is achieved at a quarter wavelength;
A patterned retarder layer formed under the base layer, the patterned retarder layer having a phase delay at a half wavelength and having patterns having different optical axes;
Patterned retarder including an adhesive layer formed on the lower portion of the patterned retarder layer.
The method of claim 1,
And a surface treatment layer formed on the base layer and reducing reflection by external light.
The method of claim 1,
The birefringence is
Patterned retarder, characterized in that controlled by the thickness of the base layer and the refractive index difference by the reactive mesogen (reactive mesogen) material.
The method of claim 3, wherein
The base layer
A patterned retarder comprising a glass substrate and a birefringence layer coated with the reactive mesogenic material on one surface of the glass substrate and cured.
The method of claim 3, wherein
The base layer
A patterned retarder comprising a base film and a birefringence layer coated with the reactive mesogenic material on one surface of the base film and cured.
The method of claim 1,
The patterned retarder layer
And a pattern in which the optical axis is arranged at +22.5 degrees and +157.5 degrees with respect to the polarization direction of the emitted light of the image display device.
The method of claim 1,
The patterned retarder layer
A first retarder layer having a first image having a first polarization state, and a second retarder layer having a second image having a second polarization state, and having a black under the boundary between the first and second retarder layers. Patterned retarder, characterized in that it comprises a stripe (black stripe).
A liquid crystal panel which displays a first image and a second image;
A first polarizing plate attached to one outer side of the liquid crystal panel and having a first polarization axis, and a second polarizing plate attached to the other outer side of the liquid crystal panel and having a second polarization axis orthogonal to the first polarizing axis;
A patterned retarder attached to an outer surface of the second polarizing plate such that the first light corresponding to the first image and the second light corresponding to the second image have different first and second circularly polarized states; Including,
The patterned retarder is
A patterned retarder layer having a birefringent base layer having a phase refraction at a quarter wavelength, a pattern formed under the base layer and having a phase delay at a half wavelength and having different optical axes; And a patterned retarder including an adhesive layer formed under the patterned retarder layer.
A liquid crystal panel which displays a first image and a second image;
A first polarizing plate attached to one outer side of the liquid crystal panel and having a first polarization axis, and a second polarizing plate attached to the other outer side of the liquid crystal panel and having a second polarization axis orthogonal to the first polarizing axis;
A first patterned retarder attached to an outer surface of the second polarizing plate such that the first light corresponding to the first image and the second light corresponding to the second image have different first and second circularly polarized states; With more;
A second patterned retarder configured to have a first linearly polarized state equal to the optical axis of the first light, a third patterned retarder configured to have a second linearly polarized state identical to the optical axis of the second light, and a second patterned retarder And polarizing glasses including first and second polarizing films for selectively transmitting or blocking linearly polarized light emitted from the third patterned retarder.
Each of the first to third patterned retarders
A patterned retarder layer having a birefringent base layer having a phase refraction at a quarter wavelength, a pattern formed under the base layer and having a phase delay at a half wavelength and having different optical axes; And a patterned retarder including an adhesive layer formed under the patterned retarder layer.

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