KR20120057937A - Flexible Sheet Heater Using Fiber Reinforced Composite Insulation Film - Google Patents

Flexible Sheet Heater Using Fiber Reinforced Composite Insulation Film Download PDF

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KR20120057937A
KR20120057937A KR1020100119506A KR20100119506A KR20120057937A KR 20120057937 A KR20120057937 A KR 20120057937A KR 1020100119506 A KR1020100119506 A KR 1020100119506A KR 20100119506 A KR20100119506 A KR 20100119506A KR 20120057937 A KR20120057937 A KR 20120057937A
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fiber
reinforced composite
insulating film
composite insulating
nanocomposite
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KR1020100119506A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101215652B1 (en
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강동필
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한국전기연구원
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/04Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A flexible sheet heater using an insulation film of a fiber reinforced composite is provided to improve mechanical strength by insulating a resistance heating cable not to be exposed to the air. CONSTITUTION: A resistance heating cable(200) is formed on an upper side of an insulating film(100) of a lower fiber-reinforced composite. An insulating film(400) of a top fiber-reinforced composite is woven by cloth. A nanocomposite insulation paste layer(300) is formed out of a nano composite insulation paste composition. The nanocomposite insulation paste layer is formed between the insulating films of the upper and lower fiber-reinforced composites. The nanocomposite insulation paste layer is formed into a form of filling up an air gap of the resistance heating cable.

Description

섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터{Flexible Sheet Heater Using Fiber Reinforced Composite Insulation Film}Flexible Sheet Heater Using Fiber Reinforced Composite Insulation Film

본 발명은 유연시트히터에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는, 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름 상면에 발열선을 형성시키고, 발열선이 없는 공극부분에는 나노복합 절연페이스트로 채워 평탄화하고, 그 위에 다시 상부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름을 압착후 경화시켜 제조하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용되어 얇고 유연하면서 강도가 우수한 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a flexible sheet heater, and more particularly, to form a heating wire on the upper surface of the lower fiber-reinforced composite insulating film, and to fill the void portion without the heating wire with a nano-composite insulating paste and to flatten the upper fiber-reinforced composite material thereon. The present invention relates to a flexible sheet heater to which a fiber-reinforced composite insulating film, which is thin, flexible, and has excellent strength, is applied by applying a fiber-reinforced composite insulating film manufactured by pressing and curing the insulating film.

일반적으로 전기저항 발열체를 이용한 전열 히터는 열을 필요로 하는 곳에서 직접 열을 발생시킬 수 있어 급속 가열이 가능하고 에너지 효율이 높은 장점을 가지고 있다. In general, an electric heater using an electric resistance heating element can generate heat directly where a heat is required, and thus has rapid merits and high energy efficiency.

전열 히터에서 저항 발열체는 니켈크롬과 같은 전기전도도를 가지면서 고온 내구성이 우수한 금속합금류가 다양하게 개발되어 사용되어 왔고 최근에는 카본섬유가 사용되기 시작하였다. 그런데 전열히터는 전기누설이나 감전 등을 방지하기 위해 절연재료가 사용되는데 고출력의 히터는 고온조건에서 운전되고 작은 면적의 발열선에서 급속도로 열이 발생하기 때문에 절연재료는 고온내구성과 전기절연성이 우수해야 함은 물론이고, 열충격에 견딜 수 있도록 팽창계수가 낮고 열전도율이 높아야 한다.In the heat transfer heater, the resistance heating element has an electric conductivity such as nickel chromium, and various metal alloys having excellent high temperature durability have been developed and used, and recently, carbon fiber has been used. However, insulated heaters are used to prevent electric leakage or electric shock.The high-power heaters are operated under high temperature conditions and heat is generated rapidly in the heating wire of a small area. Of course, the coefficient of expansion and thermal conductivity should be high to withstand thermal shock.

대부분의 세라믹 및 고분자 소재들이 전기부도체이기 때문에 절연재료로 사용할 수 있지만 고분자 소재들은 온도가 올라가면 연화되거나 분해 및 연소가 일어나며 세라믹 소재는 취성이 강하고 열충격에 약하여 많은 열이 갑자기 발생하면 파손이 일어나는 등 고온에서 운전되는 전열히터의 경우 절연재료의 선택이 극히 제한적이다. Since most ceramic and polymer materials are electrical insulators, they can be used as insulation materials, but polymer materials are softened or decomposed and burned when the temperature rises, and ceramic materials are brittle and weak against thermal shock. For electric heaters operated at, the selection of insulating materials is extremely limited.

종래의 전열히터로는 금속관의 내부에 세라믹 분말(MgO 등)과 저항발열선을 삽입하여 제조된 시즈(sheath) 히터 및 석영관 히터, 헤어드라이어/전기난로 등과 같이 금속 저항 발열선을 공기 중에 노출시킨 상태로 발열시키는 히터, 고온 발열선이 불활성가스 분위기에 있는 할로겐램프, 세라믹 내부에 금속 저항발열선을 삽입하고 소결성형한 세라믹히터 등이 상업화되어 있지만, 대부분 절연재료나 절연지지체가 세라믹소재로 되어 있어 히터의 설계 자유도가 극히 낮고 열용량이 크며 넓은 면적의 피가열물을 정교하게 가열할 목적으로는 적합하지 않다. Conventional electric heaters are metal sheath heaters manufactured by inserting ceramic powders (MgO, etc.) and resistance heating wires into metal tubes, such as sheath heaters, quartz tube heaters, hair dryers, electric heaters, and the like. Heaters for high temperature heating, halogen lamps with high temperature heating wires in an inert gas atmosphere, and ceramic heaters in which metal resistance heating wires are inserted into ceramics and sintered and molded are commercially available. Extremely low design freedom, large heat capacity, and are not suitable for the purpose of precisely heating large areas of the heating target.

고분자 절연필름에 카본페이스트를 발열체로 인쇄하여 제조된 유연한 필름히터가 개발되어 있지만 100℃이내에서 운전되는 난방용으로 사용되고 있으며 화재에 대한 불안감으로 널리 사용되고 있지는 못하다. Although flexible film heaters have been developed by printing carbon paste on a polymer insulation film as a heating element, they are used for heating operating within 100 ° C and are not widely used for fire anxiety.

이렇듯 전열히터가 대면적이면서 고온에서 운영되거나, 유연성이 요구되는 경우에는 절연재료로 고분자의 선택이 불가피한데, 고분자는 열에 약하고 열전도율이 낮으며 팽창계수가 높고 기계적 강도가 약해 200℃이상인 경우 사용이 어렵다. When the electric heater is operated at a high temperature and a large area or when flexibility is required, it is inevitable to select a polymer as an insulating material.The polymer is weak in heat, has low thermal conductivity, high expansion coefficient, and low mechanical strength. it's difficult.

최근에는 유연성과 강도가 우수한 탄소섬유 발열체를 사용한 히터들이 개발되고 있지만 탄소섬유자체가 400℃이상의 고온조건에서 장시간 사용이 어렵고 절연재료의 선택에는 여전히 한계가 있다. Recently, heaters using carbon fiber heating elements having excellent flexibility and strength have been developed, but carbon fiber itself is difficult to use for a long time at a high temperature of 400 ° C. or more, and there is still a limitation in the selection of insulating material.

또 다른 개념의 히터로 열충격에 강한 그래스세라믹판 또는 금속시트에 세라믹을 절연코팅한 금속판에 도체 페이스트를 인쇄방식으로 발열체 회로를 형성한 뒤 소성 열처리하여 고온 히터용으로 개발되고 있는데 대면적화하기에 유리한 장점은 가지고 있으나, 무겁고 고온에서 뒤틀림 현상이 발생하여 대면적 히터로의 사용이 어렵고 유연변형이 불가능하다. Another concept of the heater is developed for high temperature heaters by forming a heating element circuit by printing a conductor paste on a ceramic plate or a metal plate insulated ceramic coated on a metal sheet that is resistant to thermal shock, and then plastically heat-treating it. It has advantages, but heavy and high temperature warping occurs, making it difficult to use as a large-area heater, and it is impossible to be flexible.

따라서, 본 발명은 고온 박막형의 유연시트히터에 있어 상기한 종래의 절연소재기술들의 문제점을 해결하고 한계를 극복하기 위해 고강도 유연섬유와 고온 고열전도성 나노복합 절연바니쉬로 구성된 복합재료 절연필름을 사용하여 얇은 유연시트히터 형성을 위해 안출된 것으로, 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름 상면에 발열선을 형성시키고, 발열선이 없는 부분에는 나노복합 절연페이스트로 채워 평탄화하고, 그 위에 다시 상부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름을 압착한 후 가압경화시켜 유연시트히터를 형성하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. Accordingly, the present invention uses a composite insulating film composed of a high-strength flexible fiber and a high temperature high thermal conductivity nanocomposite insulating varnish to solve the problems of the conventional insulating material technologies and overcome the limitations in the high temperature thin film flexible sheet heater. It is designed to form a thin flexible sheet heater, and forms a heating wire on the upper surface of the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film, and flattens it with a nanocomposite insulating paste on the part without the heating wire, and compresses the upper fiber reinforced composite insulating film thereon. An object of the present invention is to provide a flexible sheet heater to which a fiber-reinforced composite insulating film is formed by pressing and curing to form a flexible sheet heater.

무기 또는 유기 장섬유를 이용하여 천으로 형성되고, 상기 천을 콜로이드상 세라믹졸이 함유된 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 함침한 후 건조경화시켜 형성시킨 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름과; 상기 하부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름 상면에 형성되고, 외부전원에 연결되어 전기 공급 시 발열되는 저항발열선과; 무기 또는 유기 장섬유를 이용하여 천으로 직조되고, 상기 천을 세라믹졸이 함유된 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 함침한 후 건조경화시켜 형성시킨 상부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름과;그리고, 상기 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 세라믹 입자를 분산시켜 형성되고, 상기 상하부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름 사이에 형성되며 상기 저항발열선의 빈공극을 메우는 형태로 형성되는 나노복합 절연페이스트층;으로 구성되는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터를 기술적 요지로 한다.A lower fiber-reinforced composite insulating film formed of a cloth using inorganic or organic long fibers, and formed by impregnating the cloth in a nanocomposite insulating varnish containing a colloidal ceramic sol and then drying and curing the cloth; A resistance heating wire formed on an upper surface of the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film and connected to an external power source to generate heat when electricity is supplied; An upper fiber-reinforced composite insulating film which is woven from a cloth using inorganic or organic long fibers, and is formed by impregnating the cloth in a nanocomposite insulating varnish containing a ceramic sol and then drying and curing the ceramic to the nanocomposite insulating varnish; The flexible sheet heater to which the fiber-reinforced composite insulation film is formed, which is formed by dispersing particles and formed between the upper and lower fiber-reinforced composite insulation films and comprises a nanocomposite insulation paste layer formed to fill the voids of the resistance heating wire. It is a technical point.

여기서, 상기 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름에 사용된 섬유는, 보강용 섬유로 유리섬유, 알루미나섬유, 알루미늄 실리케이트섬유, 보론섬유, 마그네시아섬유, PI(폴리이미드) 섬유, PAI(폴리아미드이미드) 섬유로 구성된 그룹 중 하나 이상으로 장섬유로 직조되거나 부직포로 제조되는 것이 바람직하다.Here, the fiber used in the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film is composed of glass fiber, alumina fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, boron fiber, magnesia fiber, PI (polyimide) fiber, PAI (polyamideimide) fiber as a reinforcing fiber At least one of the groups is preferably woven from long fibers or made of a nonwoven.

상기 나노복합 절연바니쉬는, 콜로이드 세라믹졸을 유기실란 및 반응성 실란으로 표면개질하고 유기용매에 분산시켜 형성시킨 세라믹졸에 유기계 경화성 수지를 용해시켜 나노하이브리드소재로 형성되고, 상기 나노복합 절연바니쉬 나노하이브리드소재에 세라믹 미세분말이 추가로 분산되어 포함되고, 상기 세라믹 미세분말은 AlN, Si3N4, SiC, BN, Al2O3, MgO로 구성된 그룹 중 하나 이상이 포함되는 것이 바람직하다.The nanocomposite insulating varnish is formed of a nano hybrid material by dissolving an organic curable resin in a ceramic sol formed by surface modification of a colloidal ceramic sol with an organic silane and a reactive silane and dispersed in an organic solvent, and the nanocomposite insulating varnish nanohybrid The ceramic fine powder is further dispersed and included in the material, and the ceramic fine powder preferably includes one or more of a group consisting of AlN, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, BN, Al 2 O 3 , and MgO.

상기 유기계 경화성 수지는 PI(폴리이미드), PAI(폴리아미드이미드), 폴리아믹에시드, 불소수지, 실리콘, Norbonene, 에폭시, 멜라민 또는 이들의 변성수지들 중에서 하나 이상으로 구성되는 것이 바람직하다.The organic curable resin is preferably composed of at least one of PI (polyimide), PAI (polyamideimide), polyamic acid, fluororesin, silicone, Norbonene, epoxy, melamine or modified resins thereof.

상기 나노복합 절연페이스트는, 상기 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 AlN, Si3N4, SiC, BN, Al2O3, MgO로 구성된 그룹 중 하나 이상의 세라믹 소재를 추가로 분산시켜 형성되는 것이 바람직하다. The nanocomposite insulating paste is preferably formed by further dispersing one or more ceramic materials from the group consisting of AlN, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, BN, Al 2 O 3 , and MgO in the nanocomposite insulating varnish.

상기 상,하부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름은, 금속시트를 감싸는 형태로 형성되는 것이 바람직하다. The upper and lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film is preferably formed in a form surrounding the metal sheet.

상기 저항발열선은 금속계 저항선을 굴곡시켜 배치시키거나, 금속 플레이트를 식각하여 굴곡된 선모양으로 성형하여 형성되는 것이 바람직하다. The resistance heating wire is preferably formed by bending the metal-based resistance wire or forming a curved wire by etching the metal plate.

이에 따라, 기계적 강도, 유연굴곡성, 내열성, 열전도율, 고온절연신뢰성, 내열충격성 등이 우수하여 급속가열이나 정교한 온도제어가 필요한 가열 설비, 난방기구, 조리기 등의 히터로 적용가능하다는 이점이 있다. Accordingly, it is excellent in mechanical strength, flexible bending resistance, heat resistance, thermal conductivity, high temperature insulation reliability, thermal shock resistance, and the like, and thus can be applied as a heater for heating equipment, heating apparatus, cooker, etc. requiring rapid heating or precise temperature control.

상기의 구성에 의한 본 발명은, 얇은 복합재료 필름으로 저항발열선이 공기 중에 노출되지 않게 절연시켜 기계적 강도와 유연성 확보가 가능하며, 또한 세라믹졸이나 고열전도성 판상/섬유상 세라믹 미세입자들을 고농도로 용해 및 분산시킨 나노복합 절연바니쉬와 수 미크론대의 좀 큰 세라믹입자들을 추가로 분산시킨 나노복합 절연페이스트로 함침 및 몰딩함으로써 유연시트히터는 기계적 강도, 내열성, 열전도율, 고온절연신뢰성, 내열충격성 등 고출력 히터의 구성소재적 특성을 만족하며 제작이 쉽고 급속가열과 정밀제어 가열이 가능하면서 급속한 열 싸이클에 장기내구성과 유연성이 우수한 효과가 있다. According to the present invention, the thin composite film is insulated so that the resistance heating wire is not exposed to the air, thereby securing mechanical strength and flexibility, and also dissolving ceramic sol or high thermal conductive plate / fiber ceramic fine particles at high concentration. By impregnating and molding the nano composite insulating varnish dispersed and the nano composite insulating paste further dispersing a few micron-sized ceramic particles, the flexible sheet heater is composed of high-power heater such as mechanical strength, heat resistance, thermal conductivity, high temperature insulation reliability, and thermal shock resistance. It satisfies the material characteristics and is easy to manufacture and enables rapid heating and precise control heating, and it has long-term durability and flexibility in rapid heat cycle.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 금속재질의 저항선을 굴곡하여 배치시킨 저항발열선을 나타낸 도이고,
도 2는 도 1의 저항발열선을 이용한 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터의 요부 종단면도이고,
도 3은 금속 플레이트를 에칭수단을 이용하여 굴곡된 선모양으로 식각하여 형성시킨 저항발열선을 나타낸 도이고,
도 4는 도 3의 저항발열선을 이용한 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터의 요부 종단면도이다.
1 is a view showing a resistance heating wire arranged by bending the resistance wire of the metal material according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main portion of the flexible sheet heater to which the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film using the resistance heating wire of Figure 1 is applied,
3 is a view showing a resistance heating line formed by etching a metal plate into a curved line shape using etching means;
4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a flexible sheet heater to which a fiber-reinforced composite insulating film using the resistance heating wire of FIG. 3 is applied.

이하 첨부된 도면을 참조로 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 상세히 설명하고자 한다. Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터는 크게 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100)과, 저항발열선(200)과, 나노복합 절연페이스트층(300) 그리고 상부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(400)으로 구성된다. As shown, the flexible sheet heater to which the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film according to the present invention is applied, the lower fiber-reinforced composite insulating film 100, the resistance heating wire 200, the nano composite insulating paste layer 300 and the upper fiber Reinforced composite insulating film 400 is composed.

먼저 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100)에 대해 설명한다. First, the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film 100 will be described.

상기 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100)의 제조에 사용하는 천은 유리섬유, 알루미나섬유, 알루미늄 실리케이트섬유, 보론섬유, 마그네시아섬유 등 가급적 열전도율이 우수한 무기섬유, 또는 내열이 우수한 PI(폴리이미드) 섬유, PAI(폴리아미드이미드) 섬유 중 하나 또는 그 이상을 이용하여 장섬유로 직조되거나 정전기방사에 의해 부직포형태로 제조하여 사용하며, 직조된 천과 부직포를 결합하여 이중구조로 형성하여도 무방하다. 그리고 본원발명에서는 유리섬유를 이용하였다. Fabrics used in the fabrication of the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film 100 include glass fibers, alumina fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, boron fibers, magnesia fibers, inorganic fibers having excellent thermal conductivity, or PI (polyimide) fibers having excellent heat resistance. One or more of the PAI (polyamideimide) fibers are woven into long fibers or manufactured by using non-woven fabrics by electrospinning. The woven fabric and the nonwoven fabric may be combined to form a double structure. In the present invention, glass fiber was used.

직조된 천은 후술하는 세라믹졸이 함유된 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 함침시킨 후 가압경화시켜 절연필름이 형성되는바, 상기 절연필름이 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100)으로 사용된다. Woven fabric is impregnated in the nanocomposite insulation varnish containing a ceramic sol to be described later and then pressure-cured to form an insulating film, the insulating film is used as the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film (100).

여기서 상기 상부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(400)은 상기 절연필름 자체를 사용하여 플레이트 히터를 제조하기도 하나, 절연필름이 서스 등의 금속시트를 감싸도록 라미네이팅시켜 하부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름을 형성하여 사용하기도 한다. Here, the upper fiber reinforced composite insulating film 400 may be used to manufacture a plate heater using the insulating film itself, or to form a lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film by laminating the insulating film to surround a metal sheet such as sus. do.

상기 나노복합 절연바니쉬 제조의 상세한 예는 아래와 같다. Detailed examples of the nanocomposite insulation varnish production are as follows.

용매분산 세라믹졸 100 중량부(고형분 5~50 wt%)에 대해 유기실란 5~50 중량부로 상기 용매분산 세라믹졸을 표면개질시키는 제1단계와,A first step of surface-modifying the solvent-dispersed ceramic sol with 5-50 parts by weight of the organosilane relative to 100 parts by weight of the solvent-dispersed ceramic sol (solids 5 to 50 wt%);

상기 제1단계에서의 결과물을 유기용매에 분산시키는 제2단계와,A second step of dispersing the resultant product in the first step in an organic solvent,

상기 제2단계에서의 용액에 유기반응성 실란 0.1~30 중량부를 첨가시켜, 졸입자 표면에 유기반응기가 형성되도록 표면개질된 세라믹졸을 형성시키는 제3단계와,A third step of forming a surface-modified ceramic sol such that an organic reactive group is formed on the surface of the sol particles by adding 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of the organic reactive silane to the solution in the second step;

상기 제3단계에서의 결과물 1~60 중량부(고형분 30 wt%)에 유기계 경화성수지 40~99 중량부(고형분 30 wt%)를 첨가시키는 제4단계를 거쳐 본 발명의 나노복합 절연바니쉬 조성물을 형성시키게 된다. The nanocomposite insulating varnish composition of the present invention was subjected to a fourth step of adding 40 to 99 parts by weight (30 wt% of organic-based curable resin) to 1 to 60 parts by weight (30 wt% of solids) of the resultant product. It is formed.

여기서, 필요 시, 상기 제3단계에서 형성된 세라믹졸에는, AlN, Si3N4, SiC, BN, Al2O3, MgO로 구성된 그룹 중 하나 이상이 포함되는 세라믹 미세분말 1~50중량부 및 0.1~1중량부의 반응개시제를 첨가하여도 무방하다.Here, if necessary, the ceramic sol formed in the third step, 1 to 50 parts by weight of ceramic fine powder containing one or more of the group consisting of AlN, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, BN, Al 2 O 3 , MgO and You may add 0.1-1 weight part of reaction initiators.

상기 과정을 상세히 설명하면, 30 wt%의 고형분을 포함하는 용매분산 콜로이달 실리카 100 중량부에 대해 메틸트리메톡시실란 10 중량부를 첨가하여 상온에서, 400rpm으로, 4hr이상 반응시킨다.When the above process is described in detail, 10 parts by weight of methyltrimethoxysilane is added to 100 parts by weight of solvent-dispersed colloidal silica containing 30 wt% solids, and the reaction is performed at room temperature, 400 rpm, for 4 hours or more.

상기 메틸트리메톡시실란(MTMS)의 3개 메톡시(methoxy)기가 상기 수분산 콜로이달 실리카의 물과 반응하여 OH기로 바뀌고, 이 OH기가 콜로이달 실리카의 표면화학종과 반응하여, 상기 수분산 콜로이달 실리카가 유기계 용매에 또는 물과 유기혼합용매에 분산 가능한 형태로 바뀌도록 한다.Three methoxy groups of the methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) react with water of the water-disperse colloidal silica to change into OH groups, and the OH groups react with the surface species of the colloidal silica, The colloidal silica is converted into a form dispersible in an organic solvent or in an organic mixed solvent with water.

상기 유기용매로는 수지와 하이브리드화에 적합한 NMP, DMF, DMAc, DMSO, Cellusolve류, 글리콜류, 알콜류 또는 이들의 혼합물이 사용되는바, 상기 유기개질된 콜로이달실리카를 IPA(isopropylalcohol)나 nBA(n-butylalcohol)에 첨가하여, 상온에서, 400rpm으로, 2hr 동안 반응시킨다. 여기서 유기계로 개질되지 않은 용매분산 콜로이달실리카는 알콜계 용매에 균일하게 분산되지 않게 된다.As the organic solvent, NMP, DMF, DMAc, DMSO, Cellusolves, glycols, alcohols, or mixtures thereof suitable for hybridization with a resin are used. The organic-modified colloidal silica may be replaced with IPA (isopropylalcohol) or nBA ( n-butylalcohol) and reacted at room temperature at 400 rpm for 2 hours. Here, the solvent-dispersed colloidal silica that is not organically modified is not uniformly dispersed in the alcohol solvent.

그 다음, 상기 용액에 유기반응성 실란으로 아미노프로필트리메톡시실란 5중량부를 첨가하여 상온에서, 400rpm으로, 18hr 동안 반응시킨다. 상기 아미노프로필트리메톡시실란은 3개의 메톡시(methoxy)기가 상기 콜로이달실리카의 물과 반응하여 OH기로 바뀌고, 이 OH기가 전 단계의 유기개질이 진행되는 실란올의 OH기와 축합반응을 하게 되어 아미노기가 표면에 노출되므로 상기 용매분산 콜로이달실리카는 유기반응기를 가지게 된다.Then, 5 parts by weight of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane was added to the solution as an organoreactive silane, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature at 400 rpm for 18 hr. The aminopropyltrimethoxysilane has three methoxy groups react with the water of the colloidal silica to be converted into OH groups, and the OH groups undergo condensation reaction with the OH groups of silanol in which the organic modification of the previous stage proceeds. Since the amino group is exposed to the surface, the solvent-dispersed colloidal silica has an organic reactor.

상기 콜로이달실리카 1~60중량부에 PI(폴리이미드)수지 30~99중량부를 첨가하게 된다. 이에 의해 상기 아미노기가 형성된 콜로이달실리카와 경화성수지로 된 나노복합 절연바니쉬 조성물이 형성된다. 상기의 나노복합 절연바니쉬는 상하부용 복합재 절연필름 제조시 직조천의 함침액으로 사용된다.30 to 99 parts by weight of the PI (polyimide) resin is added to 1 to 60 parts by weight of the colloidal silica. As a result, a nanocomposite insulating varnish composition of the colloidal silica and the curable resin in which the amino group is formed is formed. The nano composite insulating varnish is used as the impregnation solution of the woven fabric when manufacturing the composite insulating film for the upper and lower parts.

또한 상기에서 언급하였듯이 상기 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 0.1~1중량부의 반응개시제 및 세라믹 미세분말인 MgO 분말 10중량부를 첨가하여도 무방하다.In addition, as mentioned above, the nanocomposite insulating varnish may be added with 0.1 to 1 parts by weight of a reaction initiator and 10 parts by weight of MgO powder, which is a ceramic fine powder.

상기 하부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100) 상면에는 외부의 전원과 연결되어 발열되는 저항발열선(200)이 형성되는 바, 상기 저항발열선(200)은 금속재질의 저항선을 굴곡시켜 형성시킨다. 상기와 같이 저항선을 굴곡시키는 이유는 저항선의 밀도조절을 통해 넓은 면적에서 발열량의 조절을 용이하게 하기 위함이다. 상기에서는 저항발열선(200)을 굴곡시켜 형성시킨 경우에 대해 설명하였으나, 저항발열선(200)을 서스 등의 금속 플레이트를 에칭법으로 식각하여 도 3과 같은 굴곡된 선모양으로 형성하면 공간별 발열선의 밀도제어가 용이한 장점이 있다.A resistance heating wire 200 is formed on an upper surface of the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film 100 to be connected to an external power source, and the resistance heating wire 200 is formed by bending a resistance wire of a metal material. The reason for bending the resistance wire as described above is to facilitate the control of the heating value in a large area through the density control of the resistance wire. In the above, the case in which the resistance heating wire 200 is formed by bending is described. However, when the resistance heating wire 200 is formed by etching a metal plate such as sus by an etching method, the heating wire for each space is formed. There is an advantage of easy density control.

상기 저항발열선(200) 상면에는 상부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(400)이 형성되어, 상기 상하부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100)(400) 사이에 저항발열선(200)이 위치되는 형태로 구성된다. 그런데 상기 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100)과 상부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(400) 사이의 공간에는 저항발열선(200)이 있는 공간을 제외하고는 빈 공간이 형성되는바, 상기 빈 공간에 나노복합 절연페이스트층(300)이 형성된다. 즉, 상기 상하부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100)(400)과 발열선 사이의 빈공간을 나노복합 절연페이스트층(300)로 채워서 빈공간을 평탄화시킨다. An upper fiber reinforced composite insulating film 400 is formed on the upper surface of the resistance heating wire 200, and the resistance heating wire 200 is positioned between the upper and lower fiber reinforced composite insulating films 100 and 400. However, an empty space is formed in the space between the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film 100 and the upper fiber reinforced composite insulating film 400 except for the space in which the resistance heating wire 200 is provided, and the nanocomposite in the empty space. The insulating paste layer 300 is formed. That is, the void space between the upper and lower fiber reinforced composite insulating films 100 and 400 and the heating wire is filled with the nanocomposite insulating paste layer 300 to planarize the void space.

상기 나노복합 절연페이스트층(300)은 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 세라믹입자가 분산되는 나노복합 절연페이스트 조성물로 형성되는바, 이하 이에 대해 상세히 설명한다. The nanocomposite insulation paste layer 300 is formed of a nanocomposite insulation paste composition in which ceramic particles are dispersed in the nanocomposite insulation varnish, which will be described in detail below.

나노복합 절연페이스트 조성물의 제조는, Preparation of the nanocomposite insulating paste composition,

상기의 나노복합 절연바니쉬에, AlN, Si3N4, SiC, BN, Al2O3, MgO 중 하나 이상이 포함되는 세라믹 입자 1~100 중량부를 첨가한 뒤 분산시켜 나노복합 절연페이스트 조성물을 형성시킨다. To the nanocomposite insulating varnish, 1 to 100 parts by weight of ceramic particles containing one or more of AlN, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, BN, Al 2 O 3 , and MgO are added and dispersed to form a nanocomposite insulating paste composition. Let's do it.

상기의 나노복합 절연페이스트 조성물은 접착성, 내열성, 고열전도성, 적절한 유연성을 가지므로 나노복합 절연페이스트층(300)으로 사용된다. The nanocomposite insulation paste composition is used as the nanocomposite insulation paste layer 300 because it has adhesiveness, heat resistance, high thermal conductivity, and proper flexibility.

상기와 같이 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100) 상면에 저항발열선(200)을 위치시키고, 저항발열선(200)이 없는 빈공간에 나노복합 절연페이스트층(300)을 형성시킨 후, 그 상면에 상부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(400)을 위치시킨 후 가압 경화시키면 본 발명의 유연시트히터가 형성된다.Positioning the resistance heating wire 200 on the upper surface of the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film 100 as described above, after forming the nanocomposite insulating paste layer 300 in the empty space without the resistance heating wire 200, the upper surface on the upper surface Positioning the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film 400 and then curing by pressure to form a flexible sheet heater of the present invention.

여기서 상기 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100)은 상기 절연필름을 사용하나, 딱딱한 plate히터가 필요하거나 지나치게 커서 기계적 강도를 보강해야 할 경우에 절연필름을 금속시트의 한쪽 면에 라미네이트하여 사용한다.Here, the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film 100 uses the insulating film, but when a rigid plate heater is required or is too large to reinforce mechanical strength, the insulating film is laminated on one side of the metal sheet.

또한 상기 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(100)과 상부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름(400) 제조에 사용되는 강화섬유는 장섬유로 된 직조천이 선호되나 부직포천이나 이들의 2중 구조로 이루어지는 보강구조를 가질 수 있다. In addition, the reinforcing fibers used to manufacture the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film 100 and the upper fiber reinforced composite insulating film 400 are preferably woven fabric made of long fibers, but may have a nonwoven fabric or a double structure thereof. Can be.

이렇게 제조된 유연시트히터는 얇아서 열용량이 적기 때문에 전원공급과 더불어 빠르게 가열되면서 넓은 면적에서 정밀하게 온도제어가 가능하고 유연하면서도 히터의 표면온도가 300정도로 상시 가열하여도 장기신뢰성을 가질 수 있는 특징이 있어 열원이 필요한 다양한 분야에 적용이 가능하다. The flexible seat heater manufactured in this way is thin and has low heat capacity, so it can be heated quickly with power supply and precisely control the temperature in a large area. It is flexible and has a long-term reliability even when the heater's surface temperature is always around 300. It can be applied to various fields that need heat source.

대용량의 컨베이어형 건조가열장치에서는 상부 또는 하부 평판히터로, 박스형 가열장치에서는 상하부 및 측면 히터로, 파이프나 원통형에서는 지지구조체에 굴곡되게 부착된 형태로 적용되며 가열시스템의 에너지 효율증대를 위해 한쪽면을 단열재로 처리하기도 하고 열발산을 증대시키기 위해서 고효율 적외선 방사체로 표면처리하여 사용가능하다.It is applied to the upper or lower flat plate heater in the large-size conveyor type dry heating device, the upper and lower side heaters in the box type heating device, and to be bent to the support structure in the pipe or cylindrical shape, and to increase the energy efficiency of the heating system. May be used as a heat insulator and surface treated with a high efficiency infrared emitter to increase heat dissipation.

일반적인 용도로는 건조실, 찜질방, 바닥난방, 샤워실 측면난방, 천정부 국북난방, 침대상부 입체난방 등에도 적용가능하고 각종 음식물 조리기, 건조기, 찜질부스 등에의 가열장치로 사용가능하다. As a general use, it can be applied to drying room, jjimjilbang, floor heating, shower room side heating, ceiling heating in North Korea, three-dimensional heating on the bed, and can be used as a heating device for various food cookers, dryers, and steaming booths.

100 : 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름 200 : 저항발열선
300 : 나노복합 절연페이스트층 400 : 상부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름
100: lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film 200: resistance heating wire
300: nano composite insulating paste layer 400: upper fiber reinforced composite insulating film

Claims (9)

무기 또는 유기 장섬유를 이용하여 천으로 형성되고, 상기 천을 콜로이드상 세라믹졸이 함유된 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 함침한 후 건조경화시켜 형성시킨 하부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름과;
상기 하부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름 상면에 형성되고, 외부전원에 연결되어 전기 공급 시 발열되는 저항발열선과;
무기 또는 유기 장섬유를 이용하여 천으로 직조되고, 상기 천을 세라믹졸이 함유된 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 함침한 후 건조경화시켜 형성시킨 상부섬유강화 복합재 절연필름과;그리고,
상기 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 세라믹 입자를 분산시켜 형성되고, 상기 상하부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름 사이에 형성되며 상기 저항발열선의 빈공극을 메우는 형태로 형성되는 나노복합 절연페이스트층;으로 구성됨을 특징으로 하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터.
A lower fiber-reinforced composite insulating film formed of a cloth using inorganic or organic long fibers, and formed by impregnating the cloth in a nanocomposite insulating varnish containing a colloidal ceramic sol and then drying and curing the cloth;
A resistance heating wire formed on an upper surface of the lower fiber reinforced composite insulating film and connected to an external power source to generate heat when electricity is supplied;
An upper fiber-reinforced composite insulating film woven from a cloth using inorganic or organic long fibers and formed by drying the fabric after impregnating the cloth into a nanocomposite insulating varnish containing ceramic sol; And,
The nanocomposite insulation paste layer is formed by dispersing ceramic particles in the nanocomposite insulation varnish, and is formed between the upper and lower fiber reinforced composite insulation films and formed to fill the voids of the resistance heating wire. Flexible seat heaters with reinforced composite insulation film.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름에 사용된 섬유는, 보강용 섬유로 유리섬유, 알루미나섬유, 알루미늄 실리케이트섬유, 보론섬유, 마그네시아섬유, PI(폴리이미드) 섬유, PAI(폴리아미드이미드) 섬유로 구성된 그룹 중 하나 이상으로 장섬유로직조되거나 부직포로 제조됨을 특징으로 하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터.
The method of claim 1,
The fiber used in the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film is a fiber for reinforcing, among the group consisting of glass fiber, alumina fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, boron fiber, magnesia fiber, PI (polyimide) fiber, PAI (polyamideimide) fiber Flexible sheet heater is applied to the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film characterized in that the fabric is made of one or more long fibers or non-woven fabric.
제2항에 있어서, 상기 나노복합 절연바니쉬는,
콜로이드 세라믹졸을 유기실란 및 반응성 실란으로 표면개질하고 유기용매에 분산시켜 형성시킨 세라믹졸에 유기계 경화성 수지를 용해시켜 나노하이브리드소재로 형성됨을 특징으로 하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터.
The method of claim 2, wherein the nano composite insulating varnish,
A flexible sheet heater to which a fiber-reinforced composite insulating film is applied, wherein the colloidal ceramic sol is formed of a nano hybrid material by dissolving an organic curable resin in a ceramic sol formed by surface modification of an organic silane and a reactive silane and dispersed in an organic solvent.
제3항에 있어서, 상기 나노복합 절연바니쉬는 나노하이브리드소재에 세라믹 미세분말이 추가로 분산되어 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터.The flexible sheet heater to which the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film is applied as claimed in claim 3, wherein the nano composite insulating varnish further comprises ceramic fine powder dispersed in the nanohybrid material. 제4항에 있어서, 상기 세라믹 미세분말은 AlN, Si3N4, SiC, BN, Al2O3, MgO로 구성된 그룹 중 하나 이상이 포함됨을 특징으로 하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터.The flexible sheet heater of claim 4, wherein the ceramic fine powder comprises at least one of a group consisting of AlN, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, BN, Al 2 O 3 , and MgO. . 제3항 또는 제4항에 있어서, 상기 유기계 경화성 수지는 PI(폴리이미드), PAI(폴리아미드이미드), 폴리아믹에시드, 불소수지, 실리콘, Norbonene, 에폭시, 멜라민 또는 이들의 변성수지들 중에서 하나 이상으로 구성됨을 특징으로 하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터.The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the organic curable resin is one of PI (polyimide), PAI (polyamideimide), polyamic acid, fluororesin, silicone, Norbonene, epoxy, melamine or modified resins thereof. Flexible sheet heater to which the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film is applied, characterized in that the above configuration. 제3항 내지 제5항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 상기 나노복합 절연페이스트는, 상기 나노복합 절연바니쉬에 AlN, Si3N4, SiC, BN, Al2O3, MgO로 구성된 그룹 중 하나 이상의 세라믹 소재를 분산시켜 형성됨을 특징으로 하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터. 6. The nanocomposite insulating paste of claim 3, wherein the nanocomposite insulation paste comprises one of AlN, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, BN, Al 2 O 3 , and MgO in the nanocomposite insulation varnish. Flexible sheet heater to which the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film is applied by dispersing the above ceramic material. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 상,하부 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름은, 금속시트를 감싸는 형태로 형성됨을 특징으로 하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터.
The method of claim 1,
The upper and lower fiber-reinforced composite insulating film, the flexible sheet heater is applied to the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film, characterized in that formed in the form of wrapping the metal sheet.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 저항발열선은 금속계 저항선을 굴곡시켜 배치시키거나, 금속 플레이트를 식각하여 굴곡된 선모양으로 성형하여 형성됨을 특징으로 하는 섬유강화 복합재 절연필름이 적용된 유연시트히터.
The method of claim 1,
The resistance heating wire is a flexible sheet heater applied to the fiber-reinforced composite insulating film, characterized in that formed by bending the metal-based resistance wire, or formed by forming a curved wire shape by etching the metal plate.
KR1020100119506A 2010-11-29 2010-11-29 Flexible Sheet Heater Using Fiber Reinforced Composite Insulation Film KR101215652B1 (en)

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