KR20120052914A - Organic light emitting display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An organic light emitting display device is provided to prevent a distortion phenomenon of a transmission image by suppressing the scattering of light. CONSTITUTION: A scan line(S), a first gate electrode(214a), and a second gate electrode(214b) are simultaneously formed. A data line(D) is connected to a first source electrode(216a). A driving power line(V) is connected to a second source electrode(216b). A passivation layer(218) covers a first thin film transistor(TR1), a capacitor(Cst), and a second thin film transistor(TR2). A pixel electrode(221) is formed on the passivation layer.

Description

Organic light emitting display device

The present invention relates to an organic light emitting display device, and more particularly, to a transparent organic light emitting display device.

The organic light emitting display device has excellent characteristics in terms of viewing angle, contrast, response speed, power consumption, and the like, and thus, an application range from personal portable devices such as MP3 players or mobile phones to televisions (TVs) has been expanded.

Such an organic light emitting diode display has a self-luminous property and, unlike a liquid crystal display, does not require a separate light source, thereby reducing thickness and weight.

In addition, the organic light emitting diode display may be formed as a transparent display device by forming a thin film transistor or an organic light emitting element in the transparent form.

In such a transparent display device, when the object is turned off, an object or an image located on the opposite side is transmitted to the user through a space between a pattern such as a thin film transistor and various wirings as well as an organic light emitting element, and thus the user is distorted by the patterns. There is a problem that the image received. This is because the spacing between the patterns is hundreds of nm, which is the same level as the visible light wavelength, causing scattering of transmitted light.

In addition, in the transparent display device, even when the image is implemented, since external light is incident from the opposite side of the plane on which the image is implemented, the image quality deteriorates due to the external light, and the light and the external light in which the image is realized are mixed with the originally expected luminance. There is a problem that can not implement color coordinates properly.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a transparent organic light emitting display device in which scattering of transmitted light is suppressed and distortion of the transmitted image is prevented.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a transparent organic light emitting display device which can easily control the transmission of external light.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an organic light emitting display device which can solve a problem in which luminance and color coordinates are degraded by external light transmitted when an image is implemented.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a substrate in which a plurality of pixel regions spaced apart from each other with a transmissive region and the transmissive region interposed therebetween, and formed on the first surface of the substrate and in the pixel region. A thin film transistor positioned, a passivation film covering the thin film transistor, and formed on the passivation film so as to be electrically connected to the thin film transistor, and positioned in the pixel region, and overlapping the thin film transistor to cover the thin film transistor. A pixel electrode disposed so as to be opposite, a counter electrode formed to face the pixel electrode and capable of light transmission, an organic light emitting layer interposed between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode to emit light, a first surface of the substrate, and the thin film transistor The thin film formed between or on a second surface opposite to the first surface of the substrate PDLC, which is insulated from the transistor and is provided at a position corresponding to at least the transmissive region, having first and second electrodes applied with voltages having different polarities to form an electric field, and a PDLC layer in which liquid crystal is dispersed in the polymer matrix. An organic light emitting display device including the device is provided.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a substrate in which a plurality of pixel regions spaced apart from each other with a transmissive region interposed therebetween, a thin film transistor formed on a first surface of the substrate, And a pixel circuit portion positioned in the pixel region, a first insulating layer covering the pixel circuit portion, and electrically connected to the pixel circuit portion on the first insulating layer and overlapping the pixel circuit portion so as to cover the pixel circuit portion. A pixel electrode disposed, an opposite electrode facing the pixel electrode, an organic light emitting layer interposed between the pixel electrode and the opposite electrode, and emitting light, between the first surface of the substrate and the pixel circuit portion, or between the substrate It is formed on a second surface opposite to one surface and insulated from the pixel circuit portion and provided at a position corresponding to at least the transmission area. The present invention provides an organic light emitting diode display including a first and second electrodes having different polarities to form an electric field, and a PDLC device having a PDLC layer in which a liquid crystal is dispersed in a polymer matrix.

According to the present invention as described above, it is possible to obtain a transparent organic light emitting display device in which scattering of transmitted light is suppressed to prevent distortion of the transmitted image.

The transmission of external light can be controlled when the user desires or automatically.

In addition, it is possible to solve the problem that the luminance and color coordinates are different from the original intention by the external light transmitted when the image is implemented, and the color reproducibility range can be widened.

And the contrast ratio can be improved.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an organic light emitting display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an organic light emitting display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a cross-sectional view showing in more detail an embodiment of FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of FIG. 1 in more detail;
5 is a schematic diagram schematically showing an example of the organic light emitting unit of FIG. 2 or 3;
6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an organic light emitting unit including an example of the pixel circuit unit of FIG. 5;
7 is a plan view illustrating an example of the organic light emitting unit of FIG. 6 in more detail;
8 is a plan view illustrating an example of the organic light emitting unit of FIG. 6 in more detail;
9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating in more detail an organic light emitting diode display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating in more detail an organic light emitting diode display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating in more detail an organic light emitting diode display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
12 is a plan view illustrating another example of the organic light emitting unit of FIG. 6 in more detail;
13 is a cross-sectional view of an organic light emitting diode display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention in more detail.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an organic light emitting display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, in the organic light emitting diode display according to the exemplary embodiment, the display unit 21 is provided on the first surface 11 of the first substrate 1, and the second surface 12 is disposed on the second surface 12. The PDLC element 3 is provided. The first substrate 1 is formed of a transparent member such as transparent glass or transparent plastic, and the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are opposite to each other. The first substrate 1 does not necessarily need to be one substrate, and may be one having at least two substrates attached thereto. That is, the substrate on which the display unit 21 is formed on the first surface 11 and the substrate on which the PDLC element 3 is formed on the second surface 12 may be bonded to each other to form one first substrate 1. .

In the organic light emitting diode display, external light is incident through the PDLC element 3, the first substrate 1, and the display unit 2 from the outside of the PDLC element 3.

In addition, the display unit 2 is provided to allow external light to be transmitted as described below. As shown in FIG.

In the organic light emitting diode display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 2 and the PDLC element 3 may be connected to a separate control unit 4.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 2, the PDLC device 3 is formed on the first surface 11 of the first substrate 1, and after the insulating film 5 is formed on the PDLC device 3, the insulating film is formed. The display unit 2 may be formed on (5). Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1, and all embodiments to be described later can be applied to the embodiment according to FIG. 2.

3 illustrates an organic light emitting display device of FIG. 1 in more detail. The display unit 2 may include an organic light emitting unit 21 formed on the first surface 11 of the first substrate 1. And a sealing substrate 23 for sealing the organic light emitting portion 21.

The sealing substrate 23 is formed of a transparent member so that an image from the organic light emitting unit 21 can be realized, and the outside air and moisture are blocked from entering the organic light emitting unit 21.

The sealing substrate 23 and the organic light emitting part 21 have a structure in which an edge thereof is sealed by a sealant (not shown). Thus, a space (between the sealing substrate 23 and the organic light emitting part 21) 25). In this space 25, a moisture absorbent, a filler, etc. may be located.

As shown in FIG. 4, instead of the sealing substrate 23, the thin film sealing film 24 may be formed on the organic light emitting part 21 to protect the organic light emitting part 21 from external air. The sealing film 24 may have a structure in which a film made of an inorganic material such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride and a film made of an organic material such as epoxy or polyimide are alternately formed, but is not necessarily limited thereto. Any sealing structure may be applied.

The PDLC element 3 includes a first electrode 31 formed on the second surface 12 of the first substrate 1, a second electrode 32 facing the first electrode 31, and the first electrode 31. The PDLC layer 33 is interposed between the electrode 31 and the second electrode 32.

The second electrode 32 is formed on the second substrate 34, and the second substrate 34 is attached to the first substrate 1 by a separate sealant (not shown).

The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 may be provided as transparent electrodes, and may be formed of ITO, IZO, In 2 O 3, ZnO, or the like.

The PDLC layer 33 is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, in which liquid crystal droplets having a diameter of 1 to 2 μm are dispersed in a polymer matrix. Here, the liquid crystal molecules are distributed in the polymer matrix, so that the liquid crystal molecular materials having no orientation are able to scatter incident light.

Therefore, when voltage is applied to the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the direction of the electric field by a strong electric field, and the scattering by the liquid crystal molecules is reduced at this time, so that external light is transmitted. do. When no voltage is applied, light is strongly scattered by the specific direction of the liquid crystal droplets, and external light is not transmitted.

The PDLC device as described above is not necessarily limited to the above embodiment, and the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are arranged in parallel with each other to form a transverse electric field as in a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device. You can also do that.

As a predetermined voltage is applied between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, the PDLC device 3 may transmit external light to implement a transparent see-through display. When no voltage is applied between the electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, external light may not be transmitted to provide clear image quality and high contrast ratio.

The operation of this PDLC element 3 can be adjusted automatically or manually by the controller 4 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the organic light emitting unit 21 of FIG. 3 or 4. 3 to 5, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the organic light emitting unit 21 has a transmission area TA provided to transmit external light and the transmission area TA therebetween. It is formed on the first substrate 1 partitioned into a plurality of pixel areas PA spaced apart from each other.

The pixel circuit PC is provided in each pixel area PA, and a plurality of conductive lines such as the scan line S, the data line D, and the driving power supply line V are connected to the pixel circuit PC. Electrically connected. Although not shown in the drawings, various conductive lines may be provided in addition to the scan line S, the data line D, and the driving power line V according to the configuration of the pixel circuit unit PC.

6 illustrates an example of the pixel circuit unit PC, and includes a first thin film transistor TR1, a first thin film transistor TR1, and a driving power line connected to the scan line S and the data line D. A second thin film transistor TR2 connected to (V) and a capacitor Cst connected to the first thin film transistor TR1 and the second thin film transistor TR2 are included. At this time, the first thin film transistor TR1 becomes a switching transistor, and the second thin film transistor TR2 becomes a driving transistor. The second thin film transistor TR2 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 221. In FIG. 6, the first thin film transistor TR1 and the second thin film transistor TR2 are shown as a P type, but are not necessarily limited thereto and at least one may be formed as an N type.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the conductive lines including the scan line S, the data line D, and the driving power line V are all the pixel area PA. ) And there are no conductive lines crossing only the transmission area TA. As described above, even if other conductive lines are provided in addition to the scan line S, the data line D, and the driving power line V, the other conductive lines also cross the pixel area PA. It is meant to be shouted.

Each pixel area PA is a light emitting area, and the pixel circuit PC is located in the light emitting area and includes a scan line S, a data line D, and a driving power line V. Since the conductive lines cross, the user recognizes only the area where light is emitted and can see the outside through the transmission area TA, and when the external light passes through the pixel circuit part PC, the pattern of the elements in the pixel circuit part PC is passed. By scattering in relation to this, it is possible to prevent distortion of the external image from occurring. Although conductive lines including the scan line S, the data line D, and the driving power line V are also disposed in the transmissive area TA between the pixel area PA and the pixel area PA. However, since these conductive lines are formed very thin, they are only found by careful observation of the user, and do not affect the overall transmittance of the organic light emitting portion 21. In particular, there is no problem in implementing the see-through display. In addition, even if the user cannot see the external image as much as the area covered by the pixel area PA, when looking at the entire display area, the pixel area PA has a plurality of dots regularly arranged on the surface of the transparent glass. As such, there is no great burden for the user to observe the external image.

The pixel area PA and the transmission area TA are formed such that the ratio of the area of the transmission area TA to the total area of the pixel area PA and the transmission area TA is in a range of 20% to 90%.

If the ratio of the area of the transmission area TA to the total area of the pixel area PA and the transmission area TA is less than 20%, the display part 2 is shown in FIG. 1 when the display part 2 is in the switched off state. There is little light that can penetrate the user difficult to see the object or image located on the opposite side. In other words, the display unit 2 cannot be said to be transparent. Although the area of the transmission area TA is about 20% of the total area of the pixel area PA and the transmission area TA, the pixel area PA exists in an island form with respect to the entire transmission area TA. Since all the conductive patterns are arranged in the area PA as much as possible to minimize the scattering of external light, the user can be recognized as a transparent display. As described later, when the thin film transistor provided in the pixel circuit unit PC is formed of a transparent thin film transistor like an oxide semiconductor and an organic light emitting element is also formed of a transparent element, recognition as a transparent display can be further increased. In this case, unlike the conventional transparent display, all the conductive patterns are disposed in the pixel area PA as much as possible, so that scattering by external light can be suppressed as much as possible, and the transmission of external light is high, so that the user can see an undistorted external image. I can see it.

When the ratio of the area of the transmission area TA to the total area of the pixel area PA and the transmission area TA is greater than 90%, the pixel integration degree of the display unit 2 is too low, and the light emission in the pixel area PA is reduced. It is difficult to realize stable images. That is, as the area of the pixel area PA becomes smaller, the luminance of light emitted from the organic light emitting film 223 should be increased to realize an image. As described above, when the organic light emitting diode is operated in a high luminance state, a lifespan is rapidly decreased. In addition, if the area ratio of the transmissive area TA is greater than 90% while maintaining the size of one pixel area PA at an appropriate size, the number of the pixel areas PA is reduced, resulting in a problem of lowering the resolution.

The ratio of the area of the transmission area TA to the total area of the pixel area PA and the transmission area TA may be in a range of 40% to 70%.

If the area is less than 40%, the area of the pixel area PA is too large compared to the transmission area TA, and thus there is a limit for a user to observe an external image through the transmission area TA. If it exceeds 70%, a lot of restrictions are placed on the design of the pixel circuit unit PC to be disposed in the pixel area PA.

The pixel area PA includes a pixel electrode 221 electrically connected to the pixel circuit part PC in an area corresponding to the pixel area PA, and the pixel circuit part PC is connected to the pixel electrode 221. The pixel electrode 221 overlaps with the pixel electrode 221 so as to be hidden. The conductive lines including the scan line S, the data line D, and the driving power line V are also disposed to pass through the pixel electrode 221. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pixel electrode 221 is preferably equal to or slightly smaller than the area of the pixel area PA. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the pixel circuit part PC described above is hidden by the pixel electrode 221 when viewed by the user, and a substantial portion of the conductive lines is also hidden. Accordingly, the user can see only a part of the conductive lines through the transmission area TA, so that the scattering of external light can be suppressed to the maximum as described above, thereby allowing the user to see an external image that is not distorted.

FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the organic light emitting unit 21 in more detail. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an organic light emitting diode display according to an exemplary embodiment.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention according to FIGS. 8 and 9, a buffer film 211 is formed on the first surface 11 of the first substrate 1, and on the buffer film 211. The first thin film transistor TR1, the capacitor Cst, and the second thin film transistor TR2 are formed.

First, a first semiconductor active layer 212a and a second semiconductor active layer 212b are formed on the buffer layer 211.

The buffer layer 211 serves to prevent penetration of impurity elements and to planarize a surface thereof, and may be formed of various materials capable of performing such a role. For example, the buffer layer 211 may be an inorganic material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, titanium oxide or titanium nitride, or an organic material such as polyimide, polyester, or acryl. Or a laminate thereof. The buffer layer 211 is not an essential component and may not be provided as necessary.

The first semiconductor active layer 212a and the second semiconductor active layer 212b may be formed of polycrystalline silicon, but are not limited thereto, and may be formed of an oxide semiconductor. For example, it may be a G-I-Z-O layer [a (In2O3) b (Ga2O3) c (ZnO) layer] (a, b, c are real numbers satisfying conditions of a≥0, b≥0, c> 0, respectively). As such, when the first semiconductor active layer 212a and the second semiconductor active layer 212b are formed of an oxide semiconductor, light transmittance may be further increased.

A gate insulating film 213 is formed on the buffer film 211 so as to cover the first semiconductor active layer 212a and the second semiconductor active layer 212b, and the first gate electrode 214a and the gate insulating film 213 on the gate insulating film 213. The second gate electrode 214b is formed.

An interlayer insulating film 215 is formed on the gate insulating film 213 so as to cover the first gate electrode 214a and the second gate electrode 214b, and the first source electrode 216a is formed on the interlayer insulating film 215. The first drain electrode 217a, the second source electrode 216b, and the second drain electrode 217b are formed and contacted with the first semiconductor active layer 212a and the second semiconductor active layer 212b through contact holes, respectively.

9, the scan line S may be formed simultaneously with the formation of the first gate electrode 214a and the second gate electrode 214b. The data line D is formed to be connected to the first source electrode 216a at the same time as the first source electrode 216a, and the driving power line V is at the same time as the second source electrode 216b. It is formed to connect with 216b.

In the capacitor Cst, the lower electrode 220a is formed simultaneously with the formation of the first gate electrode 214a and the second gate electrode 214b, and the upper electrode 220b is formed simultaneously with the first drain electrode 217a.

The structures of the first thin film transistor TR1, the capacitor Cst, and the second thin film transistor TR2 are not necessarily limited thereto, and various structures of the thin film transistor and the capacitor may be applied.

The passivation film 218 is formed to cover the first thin film transistor TR1, the capacitor Cst, and the second thin film transistor TR2. The passivation film 218 may be a single or multiple layers of insulating films having a flat top surface. The passivation film 218 may be formed of an inorganic material and / or an organic material.

The pixel electrode 221 is formed on the passivation film 218 so as to cover the first thin film transistor TR1, the capacitor Cst, and the second thin film transistor TR2, and the pixel electrode 221 is a passivation film 218. ) Is connected to the drain electrode 217b of the second thin film transistor TR2 by a via hole formed in FIG. As illustrated in FIG. 7, each pixel electrode 221 is formed in an island form independent from each other.

The pixel defining layer 219 is formed on the passivation layer 218 to cover the edge of the pixel electrode 221, and the organic emission layer 223 and the opposite electrode 222 are sequentially stacked on the pixel electrode 221. . The opposite electrode 222 is formed over the entire pixel areas PA and the transmission area TA.

The organic light emitting layer 223 may be a low molecular or high molecular organic film. When using a low molecular organic film, a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an emission layer (EML), an electron transport layer (ETL), an electron injection layer (EIL) : Electron Injection Layer) can be formed by stacking single or complex structure, and usable organic materials are copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), N, N-di (naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N '-Diphenyl-benzidine (N, N'-Di (naphthalene-1-yl) -N, N'-diphenyl-benzidine: NPB), tris-8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum ( Alq3) can be used in various ways. These low molecular weight organic films can be formed by a vacuum deposition method. In this case, the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the electron transport layer, the electron injection layer and the like can be commonly applied to red, green, and blue pixels as a common layer. Thus, unlike FIG. 9, these common layers may be formed to cover the entire pixel areas PA and the transmission area TA, like the counter electrode 222.

The pixel electrode 221 may function as an anode electrode, and the counter electrode 222 may function as a cathode electrode. Of course, the polarity of the pixel electrode 221 and the counter electrode 222 may vary. It may be reversed.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pixel electrode 221 may be a reflective electrode, and the counter electrode 222 may be a transparent electrode. The pixel electrode 221 includes a reflective film formed of Ag, Mg, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr, Li, Ca, or a compound thereof, and ITO, IZO, ZnO, Or In2O3 or the like. The counter electrode 222 may be formed of a metal having a small work function, that is, Ag, Mg, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr, Li, Ca, or the like. Therefore, the organic light emitting part 21 becomes a top emission type for implementing an image in the direction of the counter electrode 222.

When the pixel electrode 221 is provided as a reflective electrode as described above, the pixel circuit part disposed under the pixel electrode 221 is covered by the pixel electrode 221. Thus, as shown in FIG. 9, the upper portion of the counter electrode 222 is shown. On the outside, the user may pattern each of the first thin film transistor TR1, the capacitor Cst and the second thin film transistor TR2, the scan line S, the data line D, and the driving power line under the pixel electrode 221. A part of (V) cannot be observed, and therefore, each conductive pattern constituting them does not cause distortion of the external image so that a clear external image can be viewed.

Meanwhile, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and the pixel electrode 221 may also be provided as a transparent electrode. In this case, it is provided with ITO, IZO, ZnO, In2O3, etc. with high work function. In this case, when the pixel electrode 221 is transparent, the user may determine the angles of the first thin film transistor TR1, the capacitor Cst, and the second thin film transistor TR2 under the pixel electrode 221 from the upper outer side of the counter electrode 222. A portion of the pattern, the scan line S, the data line D, and the driving power line V can be seen. However, even if the pixel electrode 221 is transparent, the transmittance of light cannot be 100%, so that loss of the transmitted light will occur, and since the conductive patterns are also disposed in the region of the pixel electrode 221, the pixel electrode Since the transmittance of the external light will be further lowered by 221, the interference effect with the external light may be less than when the external light is directly incident on these conductive patterns. Therefore, the distortion of the external image can be reduced compared to when the external light is directly incident on the conductive patterns.

In the present invention, the passivation film 218, the gate insulating film 213, the interlayer insulating film 215, and the pixel defining film 219 may be formed of a transparent insulating film in order to further increase the light transmittance of the transmission area TA. desirable. At this time, the first substrate 1 has a transmittance greater than or equal to the overall transmittance of the insulating layers.

The passivation film 218 corresponds to the first insulating film of the claims. The gate insulating film 213, the interlayer insulating film 215, and the pixel defining layer 219 are the second insulating film of the claims.

As described above, the PDLC element 3 is formed on the second surface 12 of the first substrate 1. As shown in FIG. 9, the PDLC device 3 may be formed to have an area corresponding to the entire area of the display including the transmission area TA and the pixel area PA. Transmission and opacity of external light incident from the bottom of the substrate 34 may be selectively adjusted. That is, when the external light is strong or the user does not want to see the external situation, as described above, by not applying a voltage to the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 from the organic light emitting unit 21. Only an image of may be provided to the user. When the user wants to see the outside, external light may be transmitted through the PDLC element 3 by applying a voltage to the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 10, the PDLC device 3 includes at least one of the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, in particular, the second electrode 32 below the transmission area TA. It may be formed in a pattern corresponding to at least a portion of the transmission area (TA). For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the second electrode 32 formed on the second substrate 34 is formed at a position corresponding to at least a portion of the transmission area TA. The area of the second electrode 32 is at least equal to that of at least a portion of the transmission area TA. The second electrode 32 is preferably patterned in an island form so that the second electrode 32 exists independently at a position corresponding to each pixel. The first electrode 31 may be formed over the entire display areas as a common electrode.

In this case, the timing at which the voltage is applied to the second electrode 32 by the controller 4 may match the emission timing in the pixel area PA. That is, when the controller 4 emits light in the pixel area PA, the voltage is not applied to the second electrode 32 to automatically control transmission of external light, thereby providing a clear and high contrast image quality to the user. Can provide. Furthermore, when the second electrode 32 is patterned as shown in FIG. 10, since the control of the PDLC element 3 is performed for each pixel, the user can be provided with a clearer image even while viewing an external situation.

As shown in FIG. 11, the PDLC device 3 includes at least one of the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, in particular, the second electrode 32 under the pixel area PA. It may be formed in a pattern corresponding to the pixel area PA.

At this time, the controller 4 operates the PDLC element 3 when at least one image is implemented in each pixel area PA to limit the transmittance of external light. As a result, incidence of external light into the pixel area PA may be minimized, thereby reducing luminance and color purity degradation in the pixel area PA.

More specifically, in the embodiment of FIG. 11, the PDLC element 3 may be provided at a position corresponding to each pixel area PA to operate in conjunction with the operation of each pixel area PA.

For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the second electrode 32 formed on the second substrate 34 is formed at a position corresponding to each pixel area PA. The area of the second electrode 32 is at least larger than that of the pixel electrode 221. The second electrode 32 is patterned in an island form so that the second electrode 32 exists independently at a position corresponding to each pixel area PA. In this case, the first electrode 31 may be formed as a common electrode over the entire display area.

In such a structure, when a constant voltage is applied to the first electrode 31 and the driving of the second electrode 32 is opposite to the driving of the pixel electrode 221, when the light emission occurs in a specific pixel area PA, The PDLC layer 33 on the corresponding second electrode 32 may restrict external light transmission, thereby limiting external light incident to the pixel area PA. Therefore, incidence of external light into the pixel area PA may be minimized, thereby reducing luminance and color purity degradation due to mixing of light emitted from the pixel area PA with external light. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, since the second electrode 32 is patterned and the PDLC layer 33 can be operated independently for each pixel area PA, the control of the PDLC element 3 is performed pixel by pixel. The user can be provided with a clearer image even while viewing the external situation.

10 and 11, the first electrode 31 may be patterned instead of the second electrode 32.

12 and 13 illustrate another embodiment of the present invention, in which openings 220 having a predetermined shape are formed in the insulating layers of the transmission area TA.

The opening 220 may be formed as wide as possible within the range not in contact with the scan line S, the data line D, and the driving power supply line V. The gate insulating film 213 and the interlayer insulating film ( 215, the passivation film 218, and the pixel defining film 219. In FIG. 12, the opening 220 is not extended to the buffer layer 211, which is to block impurities penetrating from the outside of the first substrate 1. In some cases, the opening 220 may be a buffer layer ( 211).

By forming the opening 220 in the transmission area TA as described above, the light transmittance in the transmission area TA may be further increased, thereby allowing the user to more easily observe the external image.

As described above, when the PDLC device 3 of the present invention is provided, the color reproducibility and contrast ratio can be further improved.

This invention may be used as a functional window.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation and that those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications and equivalent arrangements may be made therein. It will be possible. Therefore, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be defined only by the appended claims.

Claims (14)

A substrate in which a plurality of pixel regions spaced apart from each other with a transmissive region interposed therebetween;
A thin film transistor formed on the first surface of the substrate and positioned in the pixel area;
A passivation film covering the thin film transistor;
A pixel electrode formed on the passivation layer to be electrically connected to the thin film transistor, positioned in the pixel region, and disposed to overlap the thin film transistor so as to cover the thin film transistor;
An opposite electrode formed to face the pixel electrode and to allow light transmission;
An organic emission layer interposed between the pixel electrode and the opposite electrode to emit light; And
Formed between the first surface of the substrate and the thin film transistor or on a second surface opposite to the first surface of the substrate, insulated from the thin film transistor, and provided at a position corresponding to at least the transmissive region. First and second electrodes having different polarities to form electric fields, and a PDLC layer in which liquid crystal is dispersed in the polymer matrix, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is disposed in at least a portion of the transmission region; And a PDLC device patterned to correspond thereto. The method of claim 1,
And the first electrode and the second electrode are formed as transparent electrodes. The method of claim 1,
The area of the pixel electrode is the same as the area of one of the pixel area. The method of claim 1,
And a plurality of conductive lines electrically connected to the thin film transistor, wherein the conductive lines are all arranged to overlap the pixel electrode. The method of claim 1,
And an area of the transmission area is in a range of 20% to 90% of the sum of the area of the pixel area and the transmission area. The method of claim 1,
The passivation layer is formed in both the transmissive region and the pixel region and is formed of a transparent material. The method of claim 6,
The transmittance of the substrate is greater than or equal to the transmittance of the passivation film. A substrate in which a plurality of pixel regions spaced apart from each other with a transmissive region interposed therebetween;
A pixel circuit part formed on the first surface of the substrate and including a thin film transistor and positioned in the pixel area;
A first insulating layer covering the pixel circuit portion;
A pixel electrode formed on the first insulating layer so as to be electrically connected to the pixel circuit part and disposed to overlap the pixel circuit part so as to cover the pixel circuit part;
An opposite electrode facing the pixel electrode;
An organic emission layer interposed between the pixel electrode and the opposite electrode to emit light; And
Are formed between the first surface of the substrate and the pixel circuit portion or on a second surface opposite to the first surface of the substrate, insulated from the pixel circuit portion, and provided at a position corresponding to at least the transmissive region. A first electrode and a second electrode forming a electric field by applying a polarity voltage, and a PDLC layer in which liquid crystal is dispersed in the polymer matrix, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode corresponds to at least a part of the transmission region And a PDLC element patterned to be organic light emitting display device. The method of claim 8,
And the first electrode and the second electrode are formed as transparent electrodes. The method of claim 8,
And the pixel electrode is formed in the same area as the pixel area. The method of claim 8,
And a plurality of conductive lines electrically connected to the pixel circuit unit, wherein all of the conductive lines are arranged to pass through the pixel area. The method of claim 8,
And an area of the transmission area is in a range of 20% to 90% of the sum of the area of the pixel area and the transmission area. The method of claim 8,
And the first insulating layer and the plurality of second insulating layers are disposed in the transmission region and the pixel region, and the first insulating layer and the second insulating layers are made of a transparent material. The method of claim 13,
The transmittance of the substrate is greater than or equal to the transmittance of the first insulating film and the second insulating film.

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