KR20120001687A - A optimal method of sensor node deployment for the urban ground facilities management based on geographical information system. optimal system of sensor node deployment, and medium having the optimal method program of sensor node deployment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An optimum sensor node arranging method, optimum sensor node system, and storing medium for storing an optimum sensor node arranging program are provided to efficiently cover a target zone through the minimum number of sensors. CONSTITUTION: A storing unit(100) includes geographic information, topographical information, sensor node information, and facility information. A central processing unit(200) makes a transmission feature map through the information in the storing unit. The central processing unit arranges a sensor node on an optimum distance of a road. A user input unit(300) inputs information of the storing unit and the central processing unit. An output unit(400) outputs a result which is processed by the central processing unit.

Description

Optimal Sensor Node Arrangement Method for the Management of Urban Facilities based on Geographic Information System and Media for Optimal Sensor Node System and Optimal Sensor Node Arrangement Program OPTIMAL SYSTEM OF SENSOR NODE DEPLOYMENT, AND MEDIUM HAVING THE OPTIMAL METHOD PROGRAM OF SENSOR NODE DEPLOYMENT}

The present invention relates to an optimal method for arranging sensor nodes for the management of urban facilities based on geographic information system. It is about how it can be arranged.

Recently, research is being conducted on how to attach and manage various sensors based on USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Network) for disaster prevention and facility management in cities. That is, a lot of researches are applied to apply the wireless sensor network technology to solve the problem of urban management technology.

 The wireless sensor network is composed of sensor nodes that detect physical or environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and pressure to have an organic relationship, and can be used for various applications such as environmental monitoring, target tracking, traffic management, and building monitoring. Is being applied to. Currently, research on wireless sensor networks is constantly being conducted, and research is being actively conducted to efficiently deploy sensors in cities.

However, most of the research is a real-time monitoring field in which sensors are installed in some large facilities such as bridges and tunnels, and there is little research on the management of a wide range of urban facilities.

Although there is a need for a method for arranging sensor nodes for individual facilities as well as a method for arranging low-cost and high-efficiency sensor nodes for the management of a large urban area, there are no concrete solutions.

In addition, since the existing research on the sensor network is being conducted only for the logical arrangement method that does not include the actual geographic information concept, there is a problem that the geographic information and the terrain information must be considered separately in order to apply the same.

In addition, the existing sensor network has only research on one or two localized sensors, and there is no application system for a wide range of sensor networks to which various sensors can be applied.

The present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, it is an object of the present invention to provide a sensor node arrangement method that can efficiently cover the target area with a minimum number of sensors.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a practical sensor node arrangement method capable of arranging various types of sensors using substantial geographic information and topographic information.

According to a feature of the present invention for achieving the above object, the optimal sensor node arrangement method for the management of urban facilities based on the geographic information system of the present invention is geographic information, terrain information, feature information, sensor node information, aerial photo information and A method of arranging a sensor node on an indicator by a system including a storage unit, a user input unit, an output unit, or a central processing unit, based on the arrangement information including facility information, wherein the information about the sensor node is provided through the user input unit. An information input step of inputting; A propagation characteristic map preparation step of creating a propagation characteristic map using various geographic information in a sensor arrangement area by the central processing unit; Sensor node arrangement step of placing the sensor node on the optimum distance of the road by using the propagation characteristic map by the central processing unit; and an output step indicating the arrangement state of the sensor node by the output unit Do.

In the information input step of the present invention, it is preferable to input the information on the arrangement area and the type of sensor on which the sensor node is disposed.

In the propagation characteristic map preparation step of the present invention, it is preferable to extract the polyline layer of the road from the geographic information to create a radio wave characteristic map by applying the terrain information altitude value or the feature information altitude value.

In the sensor node arrangement step of the present invention, the sensor node is arranged on the road center line, and the sensor node placed on the road center line is moved on the road outline so that the sensor node is disposed within the sensing range from the reference node.

In the sensor node arrangement step of the present invention, it is preferable to extract the intersection on the road and to move the sensor node temporarily disposed on the road centerline on the road outline within the movable range of the extracted intersection.

In the sensor node arrangement step of the present invention, it is preferable to move the sensor node on the road outline so that the altitude difference between adjacent sensor nodes does not exceed 2m using the terrain information.

In the sensor node arrangement step of the present invention, it is preferable to move the sensor node on the road outline so that the terrain is not located on a straight line connecting the adjacent sensor nodes using the feature information.

In the output step of the present invention, it is preferable that the arrangement state of the sensor node is superimposed on the aerial photograph and output.

Optimal sensor node arrangement system for urban facility management based on geographic information system of the present invention is a system in which the sensor node arrangement method is performed, geographic information, topographic information, feature information, sensor node information, aerial photo information and facility information. A storage unit including batch information including; A central processing unit for creating a radio wave characteristic map using the information stored by the storage unit and arranging a sensor node on an optimum distance of a road based on the radio wave characteristic map; And a user input unit for inputting information to the storage unit and the central processing unit; and an output unit for outputting or outputting a result processed by the central processing unit.

The medium on which the program on which the sensor node arrangement method according to the present invention is executed is recorded may preferably include the sensor node arrangement method.

According to the optimal sensor node arrangement method for the management of urban facilities based on the geographic information system according to the present invention, it is possible to establish an appropriate budget plan for the introduction of USN at the city level, thereby helping the decision making of the urban plan. Can be. In addition, if the actual sensor node is installed based on the basic layout result, it can save time and cost, and there is an advantage of avoiding problems such as overlapping of the sensor node.

1 is a block diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the optimal sensor node arrangement system for the management of urban facilities based on geographic information system according to the present invention.
2 is a display screen showing a process of setting an arrangement zone by an optimal sensor node arrangement method for management of urban facilities based on geographic information system according to the present invention;
3 is a display screen illustrating a clipping process by an optimal sensor node arrangement method for management of urban facilities based on geographic information system according to the present invention;
4 is a display screen illustrating a process of extracting a polyline layer by an optimal sensor node arrangement method for management of urban facilities based on a geographic information system according to the present invention.
5 is a display screen showing a state in which a polyline layer extracted by FIG. 4 is superimposed on an aerial photo;
FIG. 6 is a Lira data screen for feature information used in a method for arranging an optimal sensor node for managing urban facilities based on a geographic information system according to the present invention. FIG.
7 is a display screen showing a radio wave characteristic map prepared by a method for arranging optimal sensor nodes for management of urban facilities based on a geographic information system according to the present invention;
8 is a block diagram illustrating a state in which sensor nodes are provisionally arranged by an optimal sensor node arrangement method for management of urban facilities based on a geographic information system according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a view illustrating a state in which a sensor node temporarily deployed by FIG. 8 is moved. FIG.
10 is a block diagram illustrating a state in which a sensor node is moved in consideration of feature information of an optimal sensor node arrangement method for management of urban facilities based on a geographic information system according to the present invention.
11 is a block diagram showing a state in which the sensor node is moved in consideration of the topographic information of the optimal sensor node arrangement method for the management of urban facilities based on the geographic information system according to the present invention.
12 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which the sensor node is finally arranged by the optimal sensor node arrangement method for the management of urban facilities based on geographic information system according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a display screen showing a result of superimposing the arrangement state shown in FIG. 12 on an aerial photograph; FIG.
Figure 14a is a display screen showing the sensor arrangement state before the optimal sensor node arrangement method for the management of urban facilities based on geographic information system according to the present invention.
14B is a display screen showing a sensor arrangement by an optimal sensor node arrangement method for management of urban facilities based on geographic information system according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a flowchart sequentially showing a method for arranging an optimal sensor node for managing urban facilities based on a geographic information system according to the present invention; FIG.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of an optimal sensor node arrangement method and an optimal sensor node system for management of urban facilities based on a geographic information system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 15 illustrate an embodiment of an optimal sensor node arrangement method and an optimal sensor node arrangement system for management of urban facilities based on a geographic information system according to the present invention.

Optimal sensor node arrangement system according to the present invention comprises a storage unit for storing a variety of data related to the sensor node arrangement; A central processing unit which extracts data necessary for the sensor node based on the information of the storage unit and arranges the sensor node using the data; A user input unit; and an output unit.

The present invention identifies a city facility that needs to be managed regularly, and specifies a sensor that can manage it. In addition, a logical placement rule is created for several sensors mainly used among various sensor types, and the rules are configured to place the sensors at regular intervals.

However, as sensor placement rules are diversified to fully cover the placement area, there are many overlapping points. Therefore, in order to eliminate the overlapping points, the influence factors that can be quantified according to the categories of geographic information and topographic information are considered.

The sensor referred to in the present invention refers to a device for quantifying a physical phenomenon, and the sensor node refers to a packaged device for transmitting and receiving a quantified value including the sensor using wired or wireless communication.

First, the sensor node arranged by the arrangement method according to the present invention is composed of a sensor node for managing urban facilities. Urban facilities can be divided into ground and underground. Underground facilities are limited to seven facilities such as water supply, sewerage, electric lines, communication lines, oil pipelines, and gas pipelines, while the ground facilities are very diverse. Therefore, ground facilities are selected as shown in Table 1 below based on various laws, notices and guidelines.

The sensor node disposed by the present invention may be configured as a sensor node for managing the ground facilities and underground facilities as described in Table 1, the information is stored in the storage unit 100.

And, the sensor of the sensor node for managing the above ground and underground facilities may include a dynamic sensor, magnetic sensor, light sensor, radiation sensor, acoustic sensor, dynamic (temperature) sensor, chemical sensor and biosensor. The sensor of the sensor node is shown in Table 2 below.

The sensor of the sensor node configured as described above has a different sensing range for each sensor type, and each sensing range may vary depending on the surrounding topography and the weather environment. Therefore, the sensing range may have a point value. In addition, all the information about the sensing range of the sensor is stored in the storage unit 100.

The storage unit 100 includes geographic information system (GIS) information. The geographic information system information may be used in operations such as propagation characteristic map or polyline layer extraction, which will be described later. In addition, the storage unit 100 may also include an aerial photo DB for the placement area.

The storage unit may also include terrain information (DEM) and feature information (DSM). The terrain information (DEM) indicates the elevation of the current location, such as contour lines, and adjusts the installation location when the height difference of the terrain where the sensor node is installed becomes 2 m or more.

The feature information (DSM) is information about other features such as buildings, trees and trees on the ground. The feature information DSM may be composed of lidar information representing information about the terrain by emitting a laser beam and using the reflection and absorption as shown in FIG. 6.

Using the information stored in the storage unit 100, the central processing unit 200 extracts necessary information to create a map, and arranges or adjusts a sensor based on the created map. The central processing unit 200 includes an extraction unit 210. The extraction unit 210 extracts a polyline layer by using data stored in the storage unit 200, or clipping a corresponding region. Extract the intersection.

The central processing unit 200 includes a map preparation unit 220, and the map preparation unit 220 superimposes a radio wave characteristic map, a sensor arrangement map, and an aerial photograph using information extracted by the extraction unit 210. Create a map. The map generator 220 may be implemented using PostGIS and Geoserver, and the web application server may use APHACHE TOMCAT. The central processing unit 200 includes an arranging unit 230, and the arranging unit 230 arranges sensor nodes or adjusts positions of the arranged sensor nodes.

The information stored in the storage unit 100 and the information input to the central processing unit 200 are performed through the user input unit 300, and the result processed by the central processing unit 200 results in the output unit 400. Is output via

Hereinafter, an optimal sensor node arrangement method for managing a city facility based on a geographic information system according to the present invention will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, a placement area for a large area where a sensor is to be installed by a user is selected. Then, one or more sensors to be arranged are selected from the sensors described in Table 2. In this case, the sensing range is different depending on the type of sensor selected.

When the placement area and the sensor are selected by the user, as shown in FIG. 3, clipping is performed to extract only the road layer and necessary geographic information among the placement areas. The clipping is performed in the extractor 210. The extractor 210 extracts a polyline layer for a corresponding region as shown in FIG.

The polyline layer refers to figure information obtained by extracting only road lines of a selected region using GIS information. The polyline layer is used as basic information for later sensor node placement.

The map preparation unit 220 applies the polyline layer extracted by the extraction unit 210 to the aerial photo data to create a polyline layer combined with the aerial photo as shown in FIG. 5.

The determination unit 230 and the map preparation unit 220 create a propagation characteristic map by applying the details of the terrain information and the feature information stored in the storage unit 100 to the polyline layer to which the aerial photograph is coupled.

As illustrated in FIG. 7, the propagation characteristic map includes terrain information, feature information, and various types of information on a polyline layer of a road, thereby determining a factor influencing radio waves transmitted and received on a sensor node. Means.

When the propagation characteristic map is generated, the determination unit 230 arranges the sensor node based on the optimum distance. First, the determination unit 230 sets a reference node for disposing a sensor node.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, sensor nodes are arranged at a predetermined interval, that is, an interval considering a sensing range, in a central portion of the road determined by the polyline layer of the propagation characteristic map from the reference node. At this time, the intersection where the road meets is extracted and displayed on the radio wave characteristic map.

Since sensor nodes are generally not installed at the center of the road and are placed on both sides of the road, ie sidewalks or sidewalks around the road, sensor nodes placed at the center of the road must be relocated around the road.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, the sensor node moves from the point SD where the sensing range extending from the sensor node n contacts the outline of the first road to the point LD where the maximum sensing range contacts the outline of the road. It becomes the movable range H which can be arrange | positioned.

That is, the sensor nodes are sequentially disposed in consideration of the sensing range from the first reference node, and the sensor nodes installed around the preset sensor nodes are disposed while moving in the movable range H within the sensing range, and the movable range. It is preferable that the sensor node is disposed within the optimum distance (H), that is, the maximum separation distance within the sensing range.

10 illustrates a state where the sensor node is disposed within the optimum distance. As shown, the sensor node disposed in the center of the road moves to the road outline within the movable range (H), wherein the sensor node is disposed in consideration of the optimum distance.

When the sensor node is disposed around the road, the sensor node may move based on the terrain information and the feature information. That is, the sensor node moves to the outline of the road so that sensing between the sensor nodes is not disturbed by using the terrain information and feature information in the propagation characteristic map prepared above.

The movement of the sensor node using the terrain information is to move the sensor node within a range not exceeding 2m when the altitude difference on each location where the sensor node is installed is greater than 2m, as shown in FIG. 11.

In addition, the movement of the sensor node using the feature information is to move the sensor node so that communication between the sensor nodes is not disturbed using the height information of the LiDAR data as shown in FIG. 12. The movement of sensor nodes using feature information is to connect each sensor node in a straight line, and if the feature is caught by the feature information on the connected straight line, move the sensor node in a predetermined direction and search for a range where the feature is not caught. .

As such, when the sensor node is arranged, the final sensor arrangement state diagram is completed by superimposing the arrangement state of the sensor nodes arranged as shown in FIG. 13 on the aerial photograph using the existing aerial photograph DB.

FIG. 14A illustrates an arrangement state of sensors disposed before the sensor node arrangement method according to the present invention, and FIG. 14B illustrates an arrangement state of sensors disposed by the sensor node arrangement method according to the present invention. As shown, using the sensor node arrangement method according to the invention it can be seen that the number of arrangement of the sensor is reduced by about 50%.

In the scope of the basic technical spirit of the present invention, many modifications are possible to those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention should be interpreted based on the claims which will be described later. .

Description of the main parts of the drawing
100 input unit 200 central processing unit
300: user input unit 400: output unit

Claims (10)

The sensor node is displayed on the surface by a system including a storage unit, a user input unit, an output unit, or a central processing unit based on the layout information including geographic information, terrain information, feature information, sensor node information, aerial photograph information, and facility information. In the method of placing,
An information input step of inputting information on a sensor node through the user input unit;
A propagation characteristic map preparation step of creating a propagation characteristic map using various geographic information in a sensor arrangement area by the central processing unit;
A sensor node arrangement step of disposing the sensor node on an optimum distance of a road by using the propagation characteristic map by the central processing unit; and
An output step of indicating an arrangement state of the sensor node by the output unit;
Optimal Sensor Node Placement for the Management of Urban Facilities based on Geographic Information System.
The method of claim 1,
The information input step
Inputting information about the type of sensor and the placement area where the sensor node is disposed
Optimal Sensor Node Placement for the Management of Urban Facilities based on Geographic Information System. The method of claim 2,
The propagation characteristic mapping step
Extracting the polyline layer of the road from the geographic information to create a radio wave characteristic map by applying the terrain information altitude value or feature information altitude value
Optimal Sensor Node Placement for the Management of Urban Facilities based on Geographic Information System.
The method of claim 1,
The sensor node arrangement step
The sensor node is placed on the road center line, and the sensor node placed on the road center line is moved on the road outline so that the sensor node is disposed within the sensing range from the reference node.
Optimal Sensor Node Placement for the Management of Urban Facilities based on Geographic Information System.
The method of claim 4, wherein
The sensor node arrangement step
Extracting the intersection on the road and moving the sensor node provisionally placed on the road center line on the road outline within the movable range of the extracted intersection
Optimal Sensor Node Placement for the Management of Urban Facilities based on Geographic Information System.
The method of claim 4, wherein
The sensor node arrangement step
By using the terrain information to move the sensor node on the road outline so that the altitude difference of the adjacent sensor node does not exceed 2m
Optimal Sensor Node Placement for the Management of Urban Facilities based on Geographic Information System.
The method of claim 4, wherein
The sensor node arrangement step
The sensor node is moved on a road outline so that the feature is not located on a straight line connecting adjacent sensor nodes using the feature information.
Optimal Sensor Node Placement for the Management of Urban Facilities based on Geographic Information System.
The method of claim 1,
The output step is
Outputting the arrangement state of the sensor node superimposed on the aerial photo
Optimal Sensor Node Placement for the Management of Urban Facilities based on Geographic Information System.
In the system in which the sensor node arrangement method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is performed,
A storage unit including layout information including geographic information, terrain information, feature information, sensor node information, aerial photograph information, and facility information;
A central processing unit for creating a radio wave characteristic map using the information stored by the storage unit and arranging a sensor node on an optimum distance of a road based on the radio wave characteristic map;
A user input unit for inputting information into the storage unit and the central processing unit; and
An output unit for outputting a result processed by the central processing unit;
Optimal Sensor Node Placement System for Geographic Information System based Urban Facility Management.
A medium having a program recorded thereon, wherein the method for arranging a sensor node according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is performed.

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