KR20110136977A

KR20110136977A - Transmission of vehicle

Info

Publication number: KR20110136977A
Application number: KR1020100056919A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 박우군
Original assignee: 박우군
Priority date: 2010-06-16
Filing date: 2010-06-16
Publication date: 2011-12-22
Also published as: KR101172828B1

Abstract

PURPOSE: A transmission for a vehicle is provided to allow a vehicle to freely turn within a narrow space because the driving mode of wheels can be selected individually. CONSTITUTION: A transmission for a vehicle comprises a reverse drive gear(120) which is fixed to a main power shaft driven with the power of a power unit, a forward drive gear(110) which is fixed to the main power shaft, a reverse drive clutch gear(210) which is axially installed in a clutch shaft and moved by being engaged with the reverse drive gear, an idle gear(260) which is moved by being engaged with the forward drive gear, a forward drive clutch gear(230) which is axially installed in the clutch shaft and moved by being engaged with the idle gear, a drive mode switching clutch gear(220) which transmits the power provided from the reverse drive clutch gear or the forward drive clutch gear to a wheel power gear, and the wheel power gear(310) which is fixed to a wheel drive shaft and transmits the power provided from the drive mode switching clutch gear to a wheel through the wheel drive shaft.

Description

Vehicle transmission window {Transmission of Vehicle}

The present invention relates to a vehicle driving drive apparatus, wherein the main power shaft includes a forward drive gear and a pair of left and right reverse drive gears, and the clutch shaft is provided with a reverse drive clutch ging, a forward drive clutch gear, and a drive switching clutch gear, respectively. It relates to a drive transmission device for a vehicle characterized in that by moving the position of the switching clutch gear to select the forward drive mode, reverse drive mode, neutral mode for each wheel in conjunction with the reverse drive clutch gear or forward drive clutch gear.

In general, the driving state of the vehicle is determined by any one of the forward driving, the backward driving, and the neutral state. In a vehicle driven by a wheel such as an automobile, it is common to change the direction of the vehicle so that the vehicle turns by changing the direction of the front wheel of the vehicle. The front wheel can move the vehicle in a desired direction by a steering device including a steering wheel.

Such a conventional steering method is a suitable method in a place where the road is smooth and free to move, but is not suitable in the case of a work vehicle that needs to sharply turn in a narrow space. The problem of such a vehicle is to turn the vehicle by changing the direction of the front wheel, and the wheels, which are the main driving force, cannot separately move forward and backward, so that they cannot turn in a narrow space and inevitably have a large turning radius.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, the main drive shaft and the forward gear and a pair of reverse drive gear, and the clutch shaft and the forward drive clutch gear and a pair of reverse drive clutch gear and forward drive clutch gear And a drive change clutch that receives power from the forward drive clutch gear or the reverse drive clutch gear and transfers the power to the wheel drive gear, and selects one of the forward drive mode, the reverse drive mode, and the neutral mode for each wheel. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle driving apparatus that can freely rotate a vehicle even in a narrow space.

In order to achieve the above object, the vehicle drive transmission apparatus according to the present invention includes a pair of left and right reverse drive gears fixedly arranged on a main power shaft driven by receiving power from a power device, and fixed driving on the main power shaft. A pair of left and right reverse drive clutch gears rotatably arranged on the gear shaft and the clutch shaft, and engaged with the reverse drive gear, idle gears engaged with the forward drive gear, and rotatably arranged on the clutch shaft, the idle A forward drive clutch gear that meshes with the gear, and is constructed to be rotatable on the clutch shaft between the pair of reverse drive clutch gears and the forward drive clutch rear, and receive the power transmitted from the reverse drive clutch gear or the forward drive clutch gear. Drive shifting clutch gear that transmits to the wheel power gear, and fixed to the wheel power shaft The power transmitted from the drive switching clutch gear being configured to include a wheel gear which transmits power to the wheel through the wheel shaft power.

In this case, it may be characterized in that it further comprises a shift fork coupled to the drive switching clutch gear to move the drive switching clutch gear along the clutch shaft.

In addition, a first clutch portion is coupled to a side facing the drive switching clutch gear of the reverse drive clutch gear, and a second clutch portion is coupled to a side facing the reverse drive clutch gear of the drive switching clutch gear. The first clutch portion and the second clutch portion may be configured to transmit power from the reverse driving clutch gear to the drive switching clutch gear when friction.

In this case, the first clutch portion may be in the shape of an inclined drum whose cross-sectional area is gradually reduced, and the second clutch portion may be formed in the shape of a drum having an open side to accommodate the first clutch portion.

In addition, a third clutch portion having a toothed protrusion is coupled to a side facing the forward driving clutch gear of the drive switching clutch gear, and a third clutch portion is formed on an opposite side of the drive switching clutch gear of the forward driving clutch gear. A fourth clutch portion having a corresponding groove is coupled to the third clutch portion, and the fourth clutch portion may be configured to transmit power from the forward drive clutch gear to the drive switching clutch gear when the fourth clutch portion is coupled.

In addition, an insertion groove into which a spring is inserted is formed at a side center portion of the reverse drive clutch gear that faces the drive switching clutch gear and a side center portion of the drive switching clutch gear that faces the drive switching clutch gear, respectively. It may be characterized in that it further comprises a spring inserted into the groove and arranged on the clutch shaft.

In addition, the hydraulic motor for transmitting power to the main power shaft is further coupled, each of the wheel power shaft is coupled to a pair of front wheels, further comprising a power transmission means for transmitting power from the wheel power shaft to the rear wheel shaft. It may be characterized in that the configuration.

In addition, a clutch lever interlocked with the shift fork may be further provided to select one of the forward drive mode, the reverse drive mode, and the neutral mode by the operation of the clutch lever. have.

According to the present invention, the forward drive mode for each wheel by interlocking of the forward drive gear and the reverse drive gear fixed to the main power shaft, the forward drive clutch gear, the reverse drive clutch gear, the drive switching clutch gear arranged to be rotatable on the clutch shaft It is possible to freely select forward drive, reverse drive, complete turn drive, and sharp turn (in-place turn) drive if necessary by configuring to select reverse drive mode and neutral mode. Therefore, the work vehicle, which is often used in a narrow space, can be freely moved to provide the effect of further improving the activity.

1 is a plan view of a vehicle for four-wheel drive operation equipped with a vehicle transmission drive apparatus according to the present invention.
2 is a plan view of a vehicle transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an exploded perspective view of the vehicle driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the combination driving vehicle driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is an operation explanatory diagram when the vehicle driving electric drive apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is in the forward driving mode.
6 is an operation explanatory diagram when the vehicle driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is in a neutral mode.
7 is an operation explanatory diagram when the vehicle driving motor apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is in the reverse driving mode.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

Next, a vehicle driving motor apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

1 is a plan view of a vehicle equipped with a vehicle driving apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view of a vehicle driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 and 2, the driving transmission device is mounted to the front gearbox 40 of the vehicle. Power is supplied by the hydraulic motor 50, power is transmitted to the front wheel 10 through the driving transmission device, and the sprocket 11 and rear wheels which are built on the wheel power shaft 300 of the front wheel 10, The chain 12 is fastened between the sprockets 21 arranged on the wheel rotation shaft 22 of the 20 so that power is transmitted to the rear wheel 20. The present invention can be applied to a two-wheel drive that drives only the front wheel 10 or the rear wheel 20, but is more suitable for a four-wheel drive for driving both the front wheel 10 and the rear wheel 20.

Referring to FIG. 2, the vehicle driving transmission apparatus according to the present invention includes a main power shaft 100, a clutch shaft 200, and a wheel power shaft 300 inside the gearbox 40. The main power shaft 100 is driven by receiving power from the engine, motor, and the like. In the case of a low speed vehicle for work, as shown in FIG. 1, a hydraulic motor 50 for generating power by hydraulic pressure is installed, and a gear 51 is attached to the hydraulic motor shaft to be coupled to the front end of the main power shaft 100. Power is transmitted to the main power gear 105.

A pair of reverse drive gears 120 are fixedly arranged on the main power shaft 100, and a forward drive gear 110 is fixedly arranged on the central portion. The forward drive gear 110 is a gear involved in the forward drive of the vehicle, and the reverse drive gear 120 is a gear involved in the reverse drive of the vehicle. The forward drive gear 110 and the reverse drive gear 120 are applicable to various types of gears, but it is most preferable to use ordinary spur gears.

The clutch shaft 200 is mounted at a predetermined distance from the main power shaft 100. In the clutch shaft 200, reverse driving clutch gears 210 are arranged on the left and right sides so as to be rotatable with respect to the clutch shaft 200, and the forward driving clutch gear 230 is arranged to be rotatable in the center, and the reverse driving clutch gear ( A drive switching clutch gear 220 is arranged to be rotatable with respect to the clutch shaft 200, respectively, between the 210 and the forward driving clutch gear 230. The drive switching clutch gear 220 rotates in engagement with the wheel power gear 310 fixedly arranged on the wheel power shaft 300 and transmits power to the wheel power gear 310. An idle gear 260 meshes between the forward drive gear 110 and the forward drive clutch gear 230 to change the direction of rotation.

The forward drive clutch gear 230 rotates in engagement with the idle gear 260 and the power transmitted from the forward drive gear 110 is transmitted to the forward drive clutch gear 230 through the idle gear 260.

The reverse drive clutch gear 210 is engaged with the reverse drive gear 120 to rotate and receives power from the reverse drive gear 120.

The drive switching clutch gear 220 receives power from the forward drive clutch gear 230 or the reverse drive clutch gear 210. The drive switching clutch gear 220 may move along the clutch shaft 200, and may be coupled with the forward drive clutch gear 230 to receive power, and may be coupled with the reverse drive clutch gear 210 to transfer power. It may be delivered and may be left unrotated without engaging any of the two gears. The wheel drive gear 310 meshes with the drive switching clutch gear 220 to rotate. Therefore, the forward drive and the reverse drive is made by the rotation direction of the drive switching clutch gear 220.

Looking at the process of the forward drive and reverse drive, in the case of the forward drive, the forward drive gear 110 coupled to the main power shaft 100 is rotated to transmit power to the idle gear, the idle gear back to the forward drive clutch gear 230 Transmits power. The drive switching clutch gear 220 is coupled to the forward drive clutch gear 230 so that power is transmitted to the drive switching clutch gear 220, and power is again transmitted to the wheel power gear 310.

In the reverse drive case, the reverse drive gear 120 coupled to the main power shaft 100 rotates to transmit power to the reverse drive clutch gear 210, and the reverse drive clutch gear 210 drives the shift switching clutch gear 220. The power is transmitted to the coupled state, and the power is transmitted to the wheel power gear 310 again.

A shift fork 250 is coupled to the drive switching clutch gear 220 to change the position of the drive switching clutch gear 220. The shift fork 250 is driven when a fork 251 for holding the drive changeover clutch gear 220 is formed and a force is applied to the drive changeover clutch gear 220 in the direction of the clutch shaft 200 by the shift fork 250. The switching clutch gear 220 may move. The force may be applied to the shift fork 250 by hydraulic pressure, or may be applied by a wire connected to the clutch lever.

3 and 4 are an exploded perspective view and a combined perspective view of the vehicle driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively. 3 and 4, the power transmission by the clutch is made between the reverse drive clutch gear 210 and the drive switching clutch gear 220, the forward drive clutch gear 230 and the drive switching clutch gear 220. Each clutch gear is provided with a clutch part.

A first clutch portion 212 is coupled to a side surface of the reverse drive clutch gear 210 that faces the drive change clutch gear 220 and the reverse drive clutch gear 210 of the drive change clutch gear 220. The second clutch portion 221 is coupled to the opposite side surface. Transmission of power by the clutch may be performed in various ways, such as by friction or by engagement depending on the type of clutch. The power transmission method between the reverse drive clutch gear 210 and the drive switching clutch gear 220 is not limited, but it is preferable to transmit power by friction between the first clutch portion 212 and the second clutch portion 221. Do.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the first clutch portion 212 has a shape of an inclined drum whose cross-sectional area is gradually reduced in order to maximize friction between the first clutch portion 212 and the second clutch portion 221. The second clutch portion 221 may be formed in the shape of a drum whose side is open to accommodate the first clutch portion. The reason why the shape of the first clutch portion is inclined so that the cross-sectional area gradually decreases is that, in the case of a drum having a constant cross-sectional area, the frictional force is applied from the beginning when the clutch portion to be inserted is inserted into the clutch portion to be accommodated, thereby disconnecting the connection state of the clutch at a short distance. This is because it is difficult to change the state, and by inclining the circumferential surface, it increases the friction force between the contact surfaces, which is advantageous for power transmission.

In order to transmit power between the drive switching clutch gear 220 and the forward drive clutch gear 230, a third clutch portion having a toothed protrusion formed on a side of the drive switching clutch gear 220 facing the forward drive clutch gear 230. 223 is coupled, and the fourth clutch portion 232 having grooves corresponding to the third clutch portion 223 is formed at an opposite side surface of the drive switching clutch gear 220 of the forward driving clutch gear 230. When coupled, the third clutch portion 223 and the fourth clutch portion 232 is preferably configured to transmit power from the forward drive clutch gear 230 to the drive switching clutch gear 220 when coupled. The power transmission method is the same as the power transmission method of the engagement clutch. Applying the engagement clutch method to power transmission between the drive switching clutch gear 220 and the forward drive clutch gear 230 is because the main drive method of the vehicle is a forward drive, it is preferable to select a method that can transfer the power most stably. to be.

Spring 240 is disposed at the central portion of the reverse driving clutch gear 210 opposite to the driving switching clutch gear 220 and at the central portion of the reverse driving clutch gear 220 opposite to the driving switching clutch gear 220. The insertion grooves 213 and 225 are respectively inserted, and the spring 240 is inserted into the insertion grooves 213 and 225. The spring 240 presses the drive changeover clutch gear 220 in the direction of the forward drive clutch gear 230 so that the drive changeover clutch gear 220 remains engaged with the forward drive clutch gear 230. The drive shift clutch gear 220 is engaged with the reverse drive clutch gear 210 only when a force greater than the force exerted by the spring 240 is applied to the drive shift clutch gear 220 by the shift fork 250. Can be a condition.

Hydraulic motor 50 is suitable as a means for transmitting power to the main power shaft (100). As the present invention, a vehicle requiring sharp turn is a work vehicle, and the work vehicle has a greater driving force than the speed, so that the hydraulic motor 50 providing a large driving force is more suitable as a power device.

The shift fork 250 is further provided with a clutch lever interlocked with the shift fork 250 to change the position of the drive switching clutch gear 220 by any one of the forward drive mode, reverse drive mode, neutral mode by the operation of the clutch lever. It can be characterized in that the selection.

It looks at the drive mode and the turning method of the vehicle implemented by the vehicle drive transmission apparatus according to the present invention. According to the vehicle driving apparatus according to the present invention, the driving can be switched individually for each of the left and right wheels, and the forward driving mode, the neutral mode, and the reverse driving mode can be selected for each wheel. The overall driving mode of the vehicle is determined by the interlocking of the left and right wheels. ), A total of nine driving modes can be implemented. In particular, the driving mode in which the left and right wheels rotate in the opposite direction and sharply turn in place is a driving mode that is very suitable for a work vehicle that needs to be changed in a narrow space.

5 to 7, the vehicle is kept in the forward drive mode before the clutch is operated to turn in the direction. This is because the driving switching clutch gear 220 is engaged with the forward driving clutch gear 230 by the spring 240. When the clutch is caught, the driving switching clutch gear 220 is disconnected from the forward driving clutch gear 230 and the driving switching clutch gear 220 is in a neutral state in which power is not transmitted. When the clutch is held stronger, the drive switching clutch gear 220 is coupled with the reverse drive clutch gear 210 and receives the power from the reverse drive clutch gear 210 to transfer the power to the wheel drive gear 310. Becomes

To make a complete turn, grab the clutch on the side you want to turn so that the wheels are in neutral. To sharply turn the vehicle, the clutch can be held firmly so that the wheel can be reversed to turn in place.

1: frame 10: front wheel
20: rear wheel 40: gearbox
50: hydraulic motor
100: main power shaft 110: constant drive gear
120: reverse drive gear 200: clutch shaft
210: reverse drive clutch gear 212: first clutch portion
220: drive switching clutch gear 221: second clutch portion
223: third clutch portion 230: forward drive clutch gear
232: fourth clutch portion 240: spring
250: shift fork 260: idle gear
300: wheel power shaft 310: wheel power gear

Claims

A pair of left and right reverse drive gears fixedly mounted on a main power shaft driven by power from the power unit,
Fixed drive gear fixed to the main power shaft,
A pair of left and right reverse drive clutch gears which are constructed to be rotatable on a clutch shaft and rotate in engagement with the reverse drive gear;
An idle gear that meshes with the forward gear,
A regular drive clutch gear which is arranged to be rotatable on the clutch shaft and rotates in engagement with the idle gear;
A drive switching clutch configured to be rotatable on the clutch shaft between the pair of reverse drive clutch gears and the forward drive clutch rear, and to transfer power transmitted from the reverse drive clutch gear or the forward drive clutch gear to the wheel drive gear; Gears, and
And a wheel power gear that is fixedly coupled to a wheel power shaft and transfers the power received from the drive switching clutch gear to the wheel through the wheel power shaft.

In claim 1,
And a shift fork coupled to the drive shift clutch gear to move the drive shift clutch gear along the clutch shaft.

In claim 1,
A first clutch portion is coupled to a side facing the drive switching clutch gear of the reverse drive clutch gear, and a second clutch portion is coupled to a side facing the reverse driving clutch gear of the drive switching clutch gear, wherein the first clutch And the second clutch portion is configured to transmit power from the reverse drive clutch gear to the drive change clutch gear when friction.

4. The method of claim 3,
And the first clutch portion is in the shape of an inclined drum whose cross-sectional area is gradually reduced, and the second clutch portion is formed in the shape of a drum whose side is open to accommodate the first clutch portion.

A third clutch portion having a toothed protrusion is coupled to a side of the drive shift clutch gear that faces the forward drive clutch gear, and a third clutch portion of the drive shift clutch gear that corresponds to the third clutch portion corresponds to the side of the drive shift clutch gear. The fourth clutch portion having a groove is coupled to the driving transmission device for a vehicle characterized in that the power is transmitted from the forward drive clutch gear to the drive switching clutch gear when the third clutch portion and the fourth clutch portion is coupled.

An insertion groove into which a spring is inserted is formed at a side central portion of the reverse drive clutch gear that faces the drive switching clutch gear and a side central portion of the reverse driving clutch gear that faces the drive switching clutch gear, respectively. And a spring inserted into the clutch shaft and inserted into the clutch shaft.

The method of claim 1,
The hydraulic motor for transmitting power to the main power shaft is further coupled, the pair of front wheels are coupled to the wheel power shaft, respectively, further comprising a power transmission means for transmitting power from the wheel power shaft to the rear wheel shaft Vehicle driving motor device, characterized in that the.

The method of claim 2,
A clutch lever interlocked with the shift fork is further provided so that the position of the drive switching clutch gear can be selected as one of a forward drive mode, a reverse drive mode, and a neutral mode by the operation of the clutch lever. Device.