KR20110117434A - Lateral rail displacement measuring system using electromagnetic induction ,the method and the sensor thereof - Google Patents

Lateral rail displacement measuring system using electromagnetic induction ,the method and the sensor thereof Download PDF

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KR20110117434A
KR20110117434A KR1020100036886A KR20100036886A KR20110117434A KR 20110117434 A KR20110117434 A KR 20110117434A KR 1020100036886 A KR1020100036886 A KR 1020100036886A KR 20100036886 A KR20100036886 A KR 20100036886A KR 20110117434 A KR20110117434 A KR 20110117434A
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South Korea
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lateral displacement
rail
time
railway rail
displacement
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KR1020100036886A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101192456B1 (en
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백윤수
정재현
최종현
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연세대학교 산학협력단
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B7/023—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring distance between sensor and object
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
    • G01R27/2611—Measuring inductance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
    • G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
    • G01V3/101—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils by measuring the impedance of the search coil; by measuring features of a resonant circuit comprising the search coil
    • G01V3/102—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils by measuring the impedance of the search coil; by measuring features of a resonant circuit comprising the search coil by measuring amplitude
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/16—Guiding or measuring means, e.g. for alignment, canting, stepwise propagation

Abstract

The present invention is a lateral displacement measurement system of railroad rail using electromagnetic induction, more specifically, by using a lateral displacement measurement sensor that receives a current from the time-varying current supply device, the induced voltage changes according to the electromagnetic lateral displacement of the railway rail. The present invention relates to a system for measuring the lateral displacement of a railway rail, a method thereof, and a sensor.
Transverse displacement measuring system according to the present invention for achieving the object of the present invention as described above is a time-varying current supply device for supplying a time-varying current; A lateral displacement measuring sensor which receives a current from the time varying current supply device and changes an induced voltage according to electromagnetic induction according to a lateral displacement of a railway rail; A computing device for detecting an induced voltage value from the lateral displacement measuring sensor and calculating a change in lateral displacement by comparing with a reference value; And a display device for displaying the result calculated by the computing device.

Description

Lateral displacement measurement system using electromagnetic induction, the method and the sensor

The present invention is a lateral displacement measurement system of railway rails using electromagnetic induction, more specifically, by using a lateral displacement measurement sensor that receives a current from the time-varying current supply device, the induced voltage changes according to the electromagnetic lateral displacement of the railway rail. The present invention relates to a system for measuring the lateral displacement of a railway rail, a method thereof, and a sensor.

For stable operation of rail cars, continuous abnormal management of rails and derailment prevention are necessary. Abnormalities that may occur due to contact between the wheels and the rails during the operation of a railway vehicle include wear, cracks, corrosion, warpage, and poor seams. In the past, all of these abnormalities were inspected by manpower, but the inspector had a high risk of accidents and the inspection time was long. In addition, the cost of labor for inspection personnel, etc. was high.

In addition, in the curve section of the railway vehicle, the vehicle receives a centrifugal force in the opposite direction of rotation and is pushed outward.When a straight vehicle runs on the curved rail, the deviation of the relative rails at the front and rear of the train is changed. Will be created. Therefore, in order to prevent such a deviation phenomenon, it is necessary to measure the relative displacement of the railroad car and the rail in real time while driving the vehicle and reflect it in the steering.

For this purpose, sensors are used to measure the displacement of wheels and rails of railway vehicles. Typical ones are optical sensors and wave sensors. However, the optical sensor or the wave sensor is precise and reliable, but the cost is high, and if the pollutant is present on the rail, it is directly affected, and the optical axis is shaken by the vibration while driving. On the other hand, the capacitive sensor cannot be applied because of the short measuring distance.

Many eddy current sensors have been studied as non-contact sensors that measure rails. Oukhellow et al. Conducted a study of measuring rail cracks with multiple eddy current sensors at a distance of 20 mm from the rail. Mizuno et al. Detected the rail clearance with an eddy current sensor with a resonant circuit, and Aknin et al. Studied the lateral displacement of a rail with an eddy current sensor with two secondary coils.

However, the eddy current sensor is inconvenient to use because it is not affected by contaminants but is vulnerable to noise, so the measurement distance is short, and the signal detected by the sensor has to go through complicated signal processing.

The present invention was conceived by recognizing the above problems and situations, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is an abnormality caused by the contact between the wheel and the rail during the operation of the railway vehicle using the electromagnetic induction principle for measuring the lateral displacement of the railway rail. It measures the relative displacement of railroad cars and rails in real time while driving the vehicle and reflects them in the steering to reduce costs and improve stability.

Transverse displacement measuring system according to the present invention for achieving the object of the present invention as described above is a time-varying current supply device for supplying a time-varying current; A lateral displacement measuring sensor which receives a current from the time varying current supply device and changes an induced voltage according to electromagnetic induction according to a lateral displacement of a railway rail; A computing device for detecting an induced voltage value from the lateral displacement measuring sensor and calculating a change in lateral displacement by comparing with a reference value; And a display device for displaying the result calculated by the computing device.

At this time, the lateral displacement measurement sensor, by measuring the non-contact by placing the rail and the air gap 4, the input coil (1) and the input coil (1) to form a time-varying magnetic field by applying a time-varying current regardless of the displacement of the rail Affected by the time-varying magnetic field is derived from, characterized in that it comprises a detection coil (2) that the induced voltage value changes according to the lateral displacement change of the railway rail.

In addition, the input coil 1 is characterized in that the core 3 of the input coil 1 is formed longer than the transverse length of the railway rail and is not affected by the transverse displacement of the railway rail, and the detection coil 2 ) Is characterized in that the core 3 of the detection coil 2 intersects only a part of the transverse length of the railway rail so that the area of the intersection of the core 3 and the rail varies according to the transverse displacement of the railway rail. do.

In addition, the calculation device calculates the lateral displacement increases when the induced voltage value is greater than the reference voltage value when the rail displacement is 0, and the lateral displacement decreases when the induced voltage value is smaller than the reference voltage value. It is characterized by performing the calculation.

The apparatus may further include an amplifier for amplifying and outputting the measured value of the lateral displacement measuring sensor.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention as described above, the lateral displacement measuring sensor for measuring the lateral displacement of a railway rail from the change of induced voltage according to electromagnetic induction according to the present invention forms a time-varying magnetic field by applying a time-varying current regardless of the displacement of the rail. Including the input coil (1) and the detection coil (2) is affected by the time-varying magnetic field induced in the input coil (1), the voltage value induced by the change in the lateral displacement of the railway rail.

In this case, the input coil 1 is characterized in that the core 3 of the input coil 1 is formed longer than the transverse length of the railway rail and is not affected by the transverse displacement of the railway rail, and the detection coil 2 ) Is characterized in that the core 3 of the detection coil 2 is formed so as to intersect only a part of the transverse length of the railway rail so that the area of the intersection part varies according to the displacement of the railway rail.

Another lateral displacement measuring sensor for measuring the lateral displacement of the railway rail from the change of the induced voltage according to the electromagnetic induction according to the present invention for achieving the object of the present invention as described above is a time-varying magnetic field is applied regardless of the displacement of the rail Including the input coil (1) and the detection coil (2) which is affected by the time-varying magnetic field induced in the input coil (1), the voltage value induced by the change in the lateral displacement of the railway rail, the input The coil 1 and the core 3 of the detection coil 2 are integrally formed, and the core 3 of the input coil 1 is formed longer than the transverse length of the railway rail, and the core of the detection coil 2 (3) is characterized by crossing only part of the transverse length of the railway rail.

Method for measuring the lateral displacement of the railway rail according to the present invention for achieving the object of the present invention as described above (a) a time-varying current is applied to the input coil (1) from the time-varying current supply device; (b) measuring a voltage induced by the magnetic field generated by the time-varying current applied to the input coil 1 to the detection coil 2; (c) calculating a lateral displacement of the rail by comparing the voltage value measured in step (b) with a reference voltage value when the rail displacement is zero.

In this case, the method may further include displaying the lateral displacement calculated in the step (c).

As described above, the present invention can be reliably measured even when contaminants are present on the rail due to snowfall, rain, and other causes without being affected by the weather by using an electromagnetic induction method, and are free from vibration during driving, and on the rail. Non-contact measurement is possible at a distance from the rail to prevent damage caused by foreign objects.

In addition, the relative displacement of railroad cars and rails can be measured in real time while driving the railroad cars, and reflected in steering, resulting in cost savings and improved safety.

1 is a perspective view illustrating a lateral displacement measurement method of a rail using electromagnetic induction according to the present invention.
2 is a plan view for explaining a lateral displacement measurement method of the rail using electromagnetic induction according to the present invention.
3 is a simplified circuit diagram of a lateral displacement measuring system of a rail using electromagnetic induction according to the present invention.
4 is a diagram showing a result of simulating the voltage change of the detection coil 2 according to the change in lateral displacement.
5 is a diagram showing a result of simulating the voltage change of the detection coil 2 according to the change of the gap 4.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the configuration and operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a perspective view illustrating a lateral displacement measurement method of a rail using electromagnetic induction according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating a lateral displacement measurement method of a rail using electromagnetic induction according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a sensor for measuring the lateral displacement of a rail using electromagnetic induction has a basic configuration of two coils and a core 3, and two coils have a time-varying magnetic field applied with a time-varying current regardless of the displacement of the rail. Affected by the time-constant magnetic field induced by the input coil (1) and the input coil (1) to form a, it is divided into a detection coil (2) that the induced voltage value is changed according to the lateral displacement of the railway rail.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sensor is installed on a rail, so that the lateral displacement can be measured even when the sensor is not in contact with the rail. The gap between the sensor and the rail is the void 4.

The lateral displacement measuring principle according to the present invention uses an electromagnetic induction phenomenon. That is, when time-varying current is applied to the input coil 1, which is the primary coil, a time-varying magnetic field is generated. Voltage is induced in the secondary coil by the time-varying magnetic field generated by the primary coil, and the magnitude of the voltage induced in the secondary coil is affected by the displacement of the rail. By measuring the peak value of, the displacement can be estimated.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the input coil 1, the core 3 of the input coil 1 is formed longer than the transverse length of the railway rail. Therefore, even if the transverse displacement of the railway rail changes, it is formed longer than the width of the change so that it is not affected by the transverse displacement of the railway rail. In contrast, the detection coil 2 is formed such that the core 3 of the detection coil 2 intersects only part of the transverse length of the railway rail. Therefore, the area of the intersection of the core 3 and the rail is changed according to the transverse displacement of the railway rail. In other words, even if there is a lateral displacement change in the cross section A 1 of the input coil 1 and the rail, the cross sectional change is minute, and the lateral displacement change can be ignored. However, the detection coil 2 intersects only a part of the rail, and the cross-sectional area A 2 varies greatly according to the change in the lateral displacement. Therefore, the change in the lateral displacement can be measured by measuring the voltage of the detection coil (2).

3 is a simplified circuit diagram of a lateral displacement measuring sensor of a rail using electromagnetic induction according to the present invention. Hereinafter, as shown in FIG. 3, a similar magnetic circuit model including two coils, a rail, and a cavity 4 is constructed using similar characteristics of electricity and magnetism, and in theory, a lateral displacement measuring sensor of a rail using electromagnetic induction of the present invention. Interpret

The basic circuit design is that the sensor is composed of two coils and a core (3), as shown in Figure 1, the sensor is installed on the rail, when a time-varying current is applied to the primary coil generates a time-varying magnetic field, but the primary coil is the displacement of the rail Although the magnitude of the voltage induced in the secondary coil by the time-varying magnetic field is affected by the displacement of the rail, the displacement can be estimated by measuring the peak value of the voltage induced in the secondary coil. Based on the basic circuit design concept, modeling and induction voltage are analyzed.

When the coil is wound N turns around the core 3, the relationship between the current density J and H applied to the conductor is described as in Equation (1).

Figure pat00001
Expression (1)

If Stoke's law is applied to both sides of equation (1), the electromotive force generated by the time-varying current flowing on the primary side is summarized as in equation (2).

Figure pat00002
....... Formula (2)

The current induced on the secondary side when the time-varying magnetic flux Φ flows is in accordance with Faraday's law. By applying Stokes's law to Faraday's law, the voltage induced in a coil wound N 2 turns is summarized as follows.

Figure pat00003

3 is a diagram schematically showing an electromagnetic induction sensor similar to a magnetic circuit.

Where R 1 is the resistance of the input coil 1, R 2 (x) is the resistance of the detection coil 2, R core is the resistance of the core 3, and R Rail is the resistance of the rail. Assuming that the magnetic permeability of iron is infinite, the magnetic resistance of the rail and the core 3 can be ignored. Therefore, the total magnetoresistance of the magnetic circuit depends on the resistance of the input coil 1 and the resistance of the detection coil 2. At this time, the cross-sectional area A 2 of the secondary coil and the rail is not affected by the change of the rail, but the cross-sectional area A 2 of the secondary coil and the rail changes with the change of the lateral displacement.

Therefore, assuming that there is no leakage magnetic flux, when the current of V 1 = Vcos (2πft) is applied to the primary coil, the voltage induced on the secondary side becomes as shown in Equation (3) below.

Figure pat00004
..... Equation (3)

It can be seen from the result of Equation (3) that the voltage V 2 induced through the change of R (x) is different, and R (x) in Equation (3) is the resistance R 2 (x) of the secondary coil. Means.

Based on the above results, when time-varying current was applied to the primary side and lateral displacement of -15mm to 15mm occurred on the rail, the peak value of the voltage induced on the secondary side was analyzed using MagNET's electromagnetic finite element analysis program MagNET. Each coil of 300 turns was wound, and AC3V was applied to the primary side at a frequency of 1 kHz with a rail and a 50 mm air gap 4.

The analyzed result is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the peak value of the voltage detected by the secondary coil changes linearly with the displacement.

FIG. 5 shows the output of the secondary coil when the voids 4 are 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, and 50 mm. It can be seen that the smaller the pores 4, the larger the magnitude and sensitivity of the detected voltage increases.

Hereinafter, a system including a sensor having the above effect will be described.

The lateral displacement sensor should be supplied with time-varying current as much as it uses the principle of electromagnetic induction. This is because electromagnetic induction occurs as the current changes over time. Therefore, the time-varying current supply device supplies the time-varying current to the lateral displacement sensor. As a time-varying current supply device, a device for supplying an AC current such as an AC power supply is mainly used.

The lateral displacement measuring sensor receives a current from the time varying current supply device and measures that an induced voltage is changed according to electromagnetic induction according to a lateral displacement of a railway rail, and the principle and effect thereof have been described above.

Since the value of the voltage measured by the lateral displacement sensor may be small, it may be detected by amplifying the amplifier separately.

At this time, if the detected value is increased by more than the reference value when the lateral displacement is 0, the lateral displacement is increased, and when the decrease is compared with the reference value, the lateral displacement is reduced, and the degree is calculated. This is handled by the computing device.

It is possible to add a display device separately in order for a user to grasp the result calculated by the computing device, and the user can visually check the change of the lateral displacement through the display device.

Method for measuring the lateral displacement of the railway rail according to the present invention for achieving the object of the present invention as described above (a) a time-varying current is applied to the input coil (1) from the time-varying current supply device; (b) measuring a voltage induced by the magnetic field generated by the time-varying current applied to the input coil 1 to the detection coil 2; (c) calculating a lateral displacement of the rail by comparing the voltage value measured in step (b) with a reference voltage value when the rail displacement is zero.

In step (a), the time-varying current generated from the time-varying current supply value is applied to the input coil 1 of the lateral displacement measuring sensor to form a time-varying magnetic field at the input coil 1. At this time, a voltage is induced in the detection coil 2 by the induced time-varying magnetic field according to the electromagnetic induction phenomenon. In the step (b), the voltage induced in the detection coil 2 is measured to measure the current voltage value according to the change in the lateral displacement. The change in the lateral displacement can be confirmed by comparing the measured voltage value with the reference voltage value when the lateral displacement is 0. This is confirmed in step (c). The calculation result is displayed in step (d) so that the user can see the confirmed result.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may implement the present invention in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features thereof. It should be understood that the embodiments described above are exemplary in all respects and that the present invention is not limited to those described in the detailed description. The scope of the present invention is shown by the following claims rather than the above description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are included within the scope of the present invention. Should be interpreted.

1: Input coil (1) 2: Detection coil (2)
3: core (3) 4: void (4)
5: rail

Claims (12)

A time varying current supply device for supplying a time varying current;
A lateral displacement measuring sensor which receives a current from the time varying current supply device and changes an induced voltage according to electromagnetic induction according to a lateral displacement of a railway rail;
A computing device for detecting an induced voltage value from the lateral displacement measuring sensor and calculating a change in lateral displacement by comparing with a reference value; And
Lateral displacement measurement system of a railway rail including a display device for displaying the results calculated from the computing device. The lateral displacement measuring sensor of claim 1,
Lateral displacement measurement system of the railway rail, characterized in that the non-contact measurement by placing the railway rail and the air gap (4). The lateral displacement measuring sensor of claim 1,
Input coil (1) for applying a time-varying current to form a time-varying magnetic field regardless of the displacement of the rail and
Lateral displacement measurement system of a railway rail, comprising a detection coil (2) that is affected by the time-varying magnetic field induced by the input coil (1), and the induced voltage value varies according to the lateral displacement of the railway rail. The method of claim 3, wherein
The input coil (1) is a horizontal displacement measuring system of the railway rail, characterized in that the core (3) of the input coil (1) is formed longer than the transverse length of the railway rail is not affected by the lateral displacement of the railway rail. The method of claim 3, wherein
The detection coil 2 is formed such that the core 3 of the detection coil 2 intersects only a part of the transverse length of the railroad rail so that the area of the intersection of the core 3 and the rail is changed according to the transverse displacement of the railroad rail. Lateral displacement measurement system of a railway rail, characterized in that the change. The method of claim 1,
The computing device calculates that the lateral displacement increases when the induced voltage value is greater than the reference voltage value when the rail displacement is 0, and the lateral displacement decreases when the induced voltage value is smaller than the reference voltage value. A lateral displacement measurement system for railway rails, which is calculated by using the above method. In the lateral displacement measuring sensor for measuring the lateral displacement of the railway rail from the change of induced voltage according to electromagnetic induction,
Input coil (1) and time-varying current are applied to form a time-varying magnetic field irrespective of the rail displacement.
Transverse displacement measurement sensor of a railway rail including a detection coil (2) that is affected by the time-varying magnetic field induced in the input coil (1), the voltage value induced by the lateral displacement change of the railway rail The method of claim 7, wherein
The input coil 1 has a core 3 of the input coil 1 is formed longer than the transverse length of the railway rail is transverse displacement measurement sensor of the railway rail, characterized in that it is not affected by the lateral displacement of the railway rail The method of claim 7, wherein
The detection coil (2) is characterized in that the core 3 of the detection coil (2) is formed so as to intersect only a part of the transverse length of the railway rail so that the area of the cross section is changed according to the displacement of the railway rail Lateral displacement sensor on the rail In the lateral displacement measuring sensor for measuring the lateral displacement of the railway rail from the change of induced voltage according to electromagnetic induction,
Input coil (1) and time-varying current are applied to form a time-varying magnetic field irrespective of the rail displacement.
Including the detection coil (2) affected by the time-varying magnetic field induced in the input coil (1), the voltage value induced in accordance with the change in the lateral displacement of the railway rail,
The core 3 of the input coil 1 and the detection coil 2 are integrally formed, and the core 3 of the input coil 1 is formed longer than the transverse length of the railway rail, and the detection coil 2 Core (3) is a sensor for measuring transverse displacement of railway rails that only partially cross the transverse length of railway rails (a) applying a time varying current to the input coil 1 from the time varying current supply device;
(b) measuring a voltage induced by the magnetic field generated by the time-varying current applied to the input coil 1 to the detection coil 2;
(c) calculating the lateral displacement of the rail by comparing the voltage value measured in step (b) with a reference voltage value when the rail displacement is 0;
Lateral displacement measurement method of a railway rail of the electromagnetic induction method comprising. The method of claim 11,
(d) measuring the lateral displacement of the railway rail of the electromagnetic induction method further comprising displaying the lateral displacement calculated in the step (c).
KR1020100036886A 2010-04-21 2010-04-21 lateral rail displacement measuring system using electromagnetic induction ,the method and the sensor thereof KR101192456B1 (en)

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KR20190061475A (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-06-05 제주대학교 산학협력단 Analysis method of break property for magnet pendulum combined with faraday electromagnetic induction

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KR20190061475A (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-06-05 제주대학교 산학협력단 Analysis method of break property for magnet pendulum combined with faraday electromagnetic induction

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