KR20110080739A - Friction member, method for making the same and bridge bearing utilizing the friction member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A frictional member and a manufacturing method thereof, and a bearing device using the same are provided to manufacture a frictional member with superior abrasion resistance and a spherical surface of large area from general steel materials. CONSTITUTION: A frictional member comprises a main body(110a) and frictional pieces(118). The body has a plurality of groove or projection type fixing parts(116). The frictional pieces have fixed parts(118a) and frictional surfaces which are fixed to the fixing parts of the main body.

Description

Friction member, method for manufacturing same and bridge device using same {Friction member, method for making the same and bridge bearing utilizing the friction member}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a friction member and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a friction member and a method of manufacturing the same, which can be usefully used in spherical bearings for bridges.

In general, spherical bearings are installed between the superstructure and the pier of the bridge to transfer the loads from the superstructure to the pier, as well as to allow thermal expansion or contraction of the superstructure, to support dynamic loads when starting or braking trains or cars, It is installed in many bridges, for example, railway bridges, etc., which need to play a role in absorbing impact force during an earthquake and preventing detachment of the upper structure due to side reaction force. Such spherical bearings will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional spherical bearing.

The spherical bearing 10 of FIG. 1 is fixed to a lower structure such as a pier through a foundation nut 11 and a bolt 12, and a spherical groove 13a is formed on an upper surface thereof and protrudes upward on both edges. And a friction member 14 having a support plate 13 having a protrusion 13b, a spherical portion 14a coupled to the spherical groove 13a, and a flat portion 14b opposite thereto.

A rubber seal 14c is provided along the edge of the friction member 14 to prevent foreign matter from entering between the sliding block 15 and the flat portion 14b of the friction member 14.

The sliding block 15 is mounted on the flat portion 14b of the friction member 14. The sliding block 15 is fixed to the bottom of an upper structure such as a bridge deck, and horizontally movable with respect to the friction member 14. Side projections 15a protruding laterally are formed on both sides of the sliding block 15, respectively. To restrict the forward and backward movement distance of the sliding block 15 by engaging the upper protrusion 13b when the sliding block 15 moves more than a predetermined distance in the state where the upper protrusion 13b is inserted in the center of the side protrusion 15a. Grooves are formed, which can be seen by comparing the cross-sectional state of the right side with the non-sectional state of the left side. The length of the groove is adjusted according to the size of the front and rear direction of the upward protrusion 13b and the moving distance of the sliding block 15 to be allowed.

Both side upward protrusions 13b of the backing plate 13 are provided with release preventing members 16 for preventing the sliding block 15 from being separated upward by the negative reaction force.

As the friction member 14 in the spherical bearing 10, brass having excellent wear resistance is mainly used. And the surface of the friction member 14 to dig a groove and inject graphite to reduce the coefficient of friction with the contact member.

Brass has excellent wear resistance, but is much more expensive than ordinary bearing materials, which is a major factor in increasing the unit cost of spherical bearings. In addition, the conventional friction member has to form a groove on the surface thereof and appropriately fill graphite in the groove, which is very difficult and the productivity is very low.

On the other hand, as a method of improving the wear resistance of a metal material, a method of sintering and coating a wear resistant metal on its surface is known. However, sintering wear-resistant metals on the base material requires very high temperature and high pressure equipment. Therefore, sintering wear-resistant metals on the base material is limited to small area parts, like friction members of spherical bearings. In the case of a member having a large area, it is impossible to sinter and coat the wear resistant metal on the surface thereof.

An object of the present invention is to provide a friction member that can provide a surface excellent in wear resistance even by using a general steel even when the area of the base material surface is large.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a friction member having a large spherical surface with excellent wear resistance by using ordinary steel.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a friction member manufacturing method capable of efficiently manufacturing the friction member according to the present invention.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a chair device having excellent wear resistance without using the brass according to the present invention.

The friction member according to the present invention includes a main body having a plurality of fixing parts in the form of grooves or protrusions formed on the surface thereof, and a fixing part and a friction surface that can be fixed to the fixing parts, and fixed to the fixing parts through the fixing part, respectively. It has a configuration including the friction pieces.

Preferably, the friction piece is provided with a solid lubrication coating layer on the friction surface.

The fixing part may be a groove into which a part of the friction piece is inserted and fixed.

In some cases, the fixing part is a protrusion and the defendant may be a groove coupled to the protrusion.

The solid lubrication coating layer is preferably a metal sintered layer containing graphite.

The main body may be a spherical member having a spherical portion on at least one side, and the surfaces of the solid lubricating coating layers of the friction pieces fixed to the spherical portion may be disposed in a spherical shape.

Method of manufacturing a friction member according to the present invention comprises the steps of forming a plurality of fixing portions in the form of grooves or protrusions on the surface of the main body, preparing a plurality of friction pieces having a friction surface and the fixing part fixed to the fixing portion and the Coupling a fixed part to the fixing part to fix the friction pieces integrally to the main body.

Preferably, the friction piece has a solid lubrication coating layer formed on the friction surface, and includes a processing step of processing the surface of the solid lubrication coating layer of the fixed friction pieces into a flat or spherical surface.

The solid lubrication coating layer is preferably a metal sintered layer containing graphite.

The teaching apparatus according to the present invention has a configuration including a friction member according to the present invention.

In this case, it is preferable that a solid lubrication coating layer is formed on the friction surface of the friction member, the solid lubrication coating layer is a metal sintered layer containing graphite, and a chromium plating layer is formed on the corresponding surface in contact with the solid lubrication coating layer. .

According to the present invention, it is possible to produce a product having a large friction area and excellent wear resistance without using brass.

According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the wear resistance of a large sphere without using brass.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide spherical bearings having excellent wear resistance and significantly lowering the product cost than when brass is used.

1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional spherical bearing,
Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a cross-sectional structure of the spherical bearing according to the present invention,
3 is a perspective view of the friction member of FIG.
Figure 4 is a bottom view of the friction member of Figure 2,
5 is an exploded perspective view showing another example of the friction member;
6 is a block diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of a friction member having a spherical surface;
7 and 8 are each a perspective view showing another embodiment of the friction member according to the present invention,
9 is a view showing a modification of FIG.
10 is a diagram illustrating a modification of FIG. 9.

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a cross-sectional structure of the spherical bearing according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the friction member of Figure 2, Figure 4 is a bottom view of the friction member of FIG.

The spherical bearing 100 shown in FIG. 2 includes a friction member 110 having an upwardly convex spherical portion 112 and a flat portion 114 arranged in a plane on the opposite surface thereof.

The friction member 110 is formed by forming a plurality of grooves or protrusion-shaped fixing portions 116 on the surface of the main body 110a and fixing the friction pieces 118 thereto.

As the main body 110a, general steel such as mechanical structural steel (SM45C) may be preferably used. Fixing parts 116 formed in the main body 110a are preferably formed at intervals for firm fixing.

The friction piece 118 has a fixing part 118a that can be fixed to the fixing part 116. When the fixing part 116 is a groove, a part of the lower surface of the friction piece 118 becomes the fixing part 118a. In this embodiment, both the fixing part 116 and the friction piece 118 fixed thereto are formed in a circular shape, and the fixing part 118a forming the lower surface of the friction piece 118 inserted into the fixing part 116. Is formed in a circular shape. In some cases, the fixing part 116 may be formed in the form of a protrusion, in which case the pinned portion 118a is formed in the shape of a groove. This will be described in more detail later with reference to FIG. 7.

As shown, a solid lubrication coating layer 119 is formed on each surface of the friction pieces 118. This solid lubrication coating layer 119 is preferably made of a wear-resistant metal sintered layer. This metal sintered layer is excellent in slipping, load resistance and wear resistance, and has recently been developed with oilless bearing technology.

The metal sintered layer used in the present invention is preferably obtained by pressing and sintering Cu, Fe, Ni, Sn, MoS ₂ and graphite additive mixture powder, and more preferably a metal sintered layer containing graphite. When graphite is included in the metal sintered layer, the graphite plays a role of lubrication smoothly, and thus it is not necessary to use lubricating oil on the surface in contact with the metal sintered layer. The metal sintered layer is a mixture of graphite with iron (Fe), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and tin (Sn) powder is pressed onto the surface at a pressure of about 50 kg / ㎠ or more and 300 kg / ㎠ or less Sintered to form. The temperature range of sintering is suitable for melting copper and not melting iron.

The metal sintered layer forming the solid lubrication coating layer 119 is formed to a thickness of about 2.5 to 5 mm in consideration of processing after fixing. The bottom surface of the friction piece 118 may also be formed in a flat surface to be in close contact with the bottom of the fixing part 116.

The technique of forming such a metal sintered layer in a small area has already been developed and utilized, and is disclosed in detail in Korean Patent Publication No. 2004-0100300.

In addition to this method, the present invention can be used as long as it can increase the wear resistance of the friction piece 118 surface.

In some cases, a friction piece 118 made of a material having high wear resistance itself without surface coating or sintering layer formation may be used. For example, brass may be used as the friction piece 118. In this case, it is not necessary to form the solid lubrication coating layer 119 on the surface of the friction piece 118. However, it is preferable that grooves are formed on the friction piece 118 surface and graphite is filled therein. In this case, the consumption of brass can be greatly reduced compared to the conventional method.

In this embodiment, the circular friction piece 118 is used, but the shape of the friction piece 118 may be in the shape of an oval or a polygon such as a triangle, a rectangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, and the like. It is also possible to make a shape.

The spherical bearing 100 according to the present invention has a spherical groove member 130 coupled with the friction member 110. The spherical groove member 130 corresponds to the spherical portion 112 on the bottom thereof and has a concave spherical groove 132. The spherical groove member 130 may be directly coupled to the bottom surface of the upper structure of the bridge. The spherical groove member 130 allows rotation with respect to the friction member 110 coupled thereto. The spherical groove member 130 has a rectangular plate shape.

As shown in FIG. 2, side projections 134 protruding outward are formed at both sides of the spherical groove member 130. The side protrusion 134 is prevented from being separated upward by the negative reaction force by being caught by the locking portion 152 of the separation prevention portion 150 described later.

In addition, the lower part of the side protrusion 134 is inserted into the upper protrusion 172 of the supporting member 170 to be described later to support thereon by limiting the horizontal movement of the spherical groove member 130 during the horizontal force action by earthquake, etc. It is possible to stably limit the horizontal movement of the superstructure of the bridges.

The spherical bearing 100 according to the present invention is provided with a support member 170. The support member 170 is a part fixed to the lower structure of the bridge, such as a bridge is formed with an upward protrusion 172 protruding upward at the edge thereof, the spherical groove member 130 between the facing upward protrusion 172 The bottom is inserted. However, in some cases, the width of the spherical groove member 130 may be large so that the upper protrusion 172 may be inserted into the space between the parts protruding downward while facing the spherical groove member 130. Departure preventing portion 150 is preferably installed in the spherical groove member 130 and the side protrusion 134 may be formed on the side of the support member 170.

As shown in FIG. 2, the separation prevention parts 150 are provided at the upper protrusions 172 on both sides of the support member 170, respectively. The detachment preventing part 150 includes a catching part 152 that is caught by the side protrusion part 134. In this embodiment, the departure preventing part 150 is shown installed in the support member 170, but the departure prevention part 150 is installed in the spherical groove member 130 and to form a latching jaw and the like in the support member 170 Of course, the spherical bearing 100 according to the present invention can be configured. The support member 170 is disposed at a distance from the spherical groove member 130 on the opposite side of the spherical groove member 130 with the friction member 110 therebetween.

The sliding member 182 is provided below the support member 170. The sliding member 182 is to allow the spherical groove member 130 to be rotated by moving left and right when the spherical groove member 130 is rotated. It is preferable that chromium is plated on the upper surface of the sliding member 182. It was confirmed by experiment that the metal sintered layer containing graphite formed on the surface of the friction piece 118 and the chromium plated layer had not only low frictional force but also excellent wear resistance.

The elastic member 190 is thinly laid under the sliding member 182. The elastic member 190 buffers the impact force acting between the friction member 110 and the support member 170 to damage accessories such as the support member 170, the friction member 110, and the spherical groove member 130. And prevents the sliding member 182 from being pushed laterally with respect to the supporting member 170.

When the friction member 110 is convexly disposed upward, there is less possibility that moisture penetrates between the friction member 110 and the spherical groove member 130. The supporting member 170 may have a small hole for draining water introduced into the support member 170. In order to prevent water from penetrating into the spherical bearing 100, the spherical groove member 130 and the support member 170 may be disposed with a sealing material along an edge thereof.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the spherical bearing 100 shown in FIG. 2 may be installed upside down. This also applies to the following embodiments.

The friction member having the spherical portion described above can be applied to the existing general spherical bearing as it is.

5 is an exploded perspective view showing another example of the friction member.

As shown in FIG. 5, a protrusion 116a protruding upward is further formed in the fixing portion 116 formed in the main body 110a, and the protrusion 116a is formed in the bottom of the fixing part 118a formed in the friction piece 118. A groove 118b into which a) can be inserted may be formed. The shape of the fixing part 116 and the pinned portion 118a may be formed in other shapes such as a polygon or an ellipse such as a triangle, a square, a pentagon, etc. in addition to a circle. The rest is the same as described with reference to FIGS.

6 is a block diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of a friction member having a spherical surface.

Referring to Figures 2 to 4 together with reference to the manufacturing process of the friction member 110 as follows.

First, the main body 110a having the spherical portion 112 is prepared (S1). Then, fixing parts 116 are formed in the shape of a groove at intervals on the surface of the spherical part 112 (S2). At this time, the bottom surface of the fixing portion 116 is preferably formed in a plane parallel to the tangent of the lunch position.

On the other hand, a plurality of friction pieces 118 having a fixing part 118a which can be fixed to the fixing part 116 are prepared (S3), and the metal sintered layer as described above on the surface opposite to the fixing part 118a. Solid lubricating coating layers 118a, etc. are formed respectively (S4).

Next, an adhesive is applied to the surface of the fixing part 116 and the fixing part 118a, and the fixing part 118a is press-fitted into the fixing part 116 to firmly fix the friction pieces 118 to the main body 110a ( S5). In addition to the fixing method using an adhesive, a method of welding or welding may be used.

After the friction pieces 118 are fixed to the main body 110a, the friction pieces 118 are mounted on an automatic polishing machine or the like so that the surfaces of the friction pieces 118 are placed on one large spherical surface (S6).

Even when the friction pieces 118 are installed in the plane portion 114 opposite to the spherical surface, the solids of the friction pieces 118 are required when the height of the friction piece 118 solid lubrication surface 119 needs to be aligned on one plane. Lubricating surfaces 119 should be machined.

In the case of the above it is possible to make a friction member 110 having a spherical surface having excellent wear resistance with a general steel.

7 and 8 are perspective views showing different embodiments of the friction member according to the present invention, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 7, the friction member 110 according to the present invention may make the main body 110a and the friction pieces 118 into a quadrangle having no spherical surface. In this case, the fixing part 116 may be formed in the form of a protrusion and the fixing part 118a may be formed in the form of a groove.

In some cases, as shown in FIG. 8, the friction member 110 according to the present invention may have a main body 110a made into a rectangle, and the friction piece 118 and the fixing part 116 may be made into a hexagon. The rest is as described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

9 is a diagram illustrating a modification of FIG. 2.

The spherical groove member 130 described in FIG. 2 is divided up and down from the bottom of the lateral protrusion 134 to constitute the spherical groove member 130a and the sliding block 137 and the friction piece 118 described above on one surface therebetween. And by installing the chromium plating layer 133 on the contact surface it can be configured the device 100 according to the present invention. In this case, the sliding block 137 in which the friction piece 118 is installed becomes a friction member according to the present invention. The rest is as described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

10 is a diagram illustrating a modification of FIG. 9.

In some cases, a guide portion 135 protruding upward is formed on the upper surface of the spherical groove member 130b, and a groove-shaped guide portion 215 is formed on the corresponding surface of the sliding block 137 to make the spherical groove member 130b. For example, the sliding block 137 may be configured to allow the device 100 to be moved in only one direction. Even in this case, the contact surface of the guide part 135 and the guided part 215 is provided with a stainless steel plate and a sliding member such as PTFE for smooth sliding motion, or the friction piece 118 described above is provided, and the chromium plating layer on the corresponding surface. 133 may be formed.

The rest is as described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

The friction member according to the present invention can be used as an accessory of a machine or structure that requires frictional contact as well as a teaching device.

100: spherical bearing 110: friction member
110a: main body 112: spherical portion
114: plane portion 116: fixed portion
118: friction piece 118a: defendant
119: solid lubricating coating layer 130, 130a, 130b: spherical groove member
132: spherical groove 133: chromium plating layer
150: separation prevention part 152: locking part
170: support member

Claims (11)

A main body having a plurality of grooves or protrusions formed on a surface thereof; And
Friction member comprising a friction piece and a friction surface that can be fixed to the fixing portion and the friction pieces fixed to the fixing portion through the fixing portion, respectively. The friction member according to claim 1, wherein the friction piece is formed with a solid lubrication coating layer on the friction surface. The friction member according to claim 1, wherein the fixing part is a groove into which a part of the friction piece is inserted and fixed. The friction member according to claim 1, wherein the fixing part is a protrusion and the fixed part is a groove coupled to the protrusion. 3. The friction member as recited in claim 2, wherein the solid lubricating coating layer is a metal sintering layer containing graphite. According to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the main body is a spherical member having a spherical portion on at least one side and the surfaces of the solid lubricating coating layer of the friction pieces fixed to the spherical portion is arranged in a spherical shape Friction member characterized in that. Forming a plurality of fixing portions in the form of grooves or protrusions on the surface of the main body;
Preparing a plurality of friction pieces having a friction surface and a fixed part fixed to the fixing part; And
Coupling the pinned part to the fixing part to fix the friction pieces integrally to the main body. The method of claim 7, wherein the friction piece is a solid lubrication coating layer is formed on the friction surface,
And a processing step of processing the surface of the solid lubricating coating layer of the fixed friction pieces into a flat or spherical surface. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the solid lubricating coating layer is a metal sintered layer containing graphite. Claims 1 to 5 including a friction device comprising a friction member of any one of claims. The method of claim 10, wherein the friction surface of the friction member is formed with a solid lubrication coating layer, the solid lubrication coating layer is a metal sintered layer containing graphite, the chromium plating layer is formed on the corresponding surface in contact with the solid lubrication coating layer The chair apparatus, characterized in that.

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