KR20110077891A - Nozzle block for electrospining and electrospinning device comprising the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A nozzle block for the electrospinning and an electrospinning apparatus are provided to prevent melt from deteriorating and to minimize physical property improvements and product failures by installing a multi-stage glass chamber or a ceramic chamber and by giving a temperature gradient. CONSTITUTION: The nozzle block for the electrospinning and the electrospinning apparatus including the same include a nozzle body; a nozzle unit; a medium feed port; a medium inlet port; a medium flow path for temperature control. The nozzle body(110) is connected to an extruder connection part. The nozzle unit(120) is combined in the tip-end part of the nozzle body, and includes a spinning hole, in which a spinning material is emitted. As to the medium feed port(200), a constant temperature chamber(320) of each stage supplies a medium for the temperature control within the constant temperature chamber. In the medium inlet port, the medium for temperature control from the medium feed port is inserted within the constant temperature chamber of each stage. In the medium flow path for temperature control, the medium for temperature control flows.

Description

NOZZLE BLOCK FOR ELECTROSPINING AND ELECTROSPINNING DEVICE COMPRISING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to an electrospinning nozzle block and an electrospinning apparatus including the same, and more particularly, to a constant temperature state of a radiating material having a multistage constant temperature chamber in which a temperature controlling medium of a predetermined temperature moves on an outer circumference of the nozzle. The present invention relates to an electrospinning nozzle block and an electrospinning apparatus including the same, which can maintain and improve the quality of microfibers emitted.

Electrospinning (Electrospinning) is a technology for producing fine diameter fibers by spinning the spinning material in a charged state, and recently, as a technique for manufacturing nanometer-class fibers, research on this is being actively conducted. This electrospinning method discharges charged radiation material into the air through the spinning nozzle section between two electrodes having opposite polarities in which one electrode of the electrode is located in the radiation nozzle section and the other electrode is located in the collector. It is a method for producing microfibers by stretching charged filaments and further filament branches. In other words, the charged discharge filaments are miniaturized in the electric field formed between the nozzle and the collector.

Fibers produced by electrospinning have a diameter ranging from micrometers to nanometers, which in turn exhibits completely new properties. For example, an increase in the ratio of the surface area to the volume, an improvement in surface functionality, and an improvement in mechanical properties including tension. These superior properties allow nanofibers to be used in many important applications. For example, the web composed of such nanofibers is a membrane-type material having a porosity, and can be applied to various fields such as various filters, wound dressings, artificial supports, and the like.

An electrospinning device for electrospinning typically has a spinning liquid main tank for storing a liquid spinning material, a metering pump for quantitative supply of spinning liquid, a nozzle pack having a plurality of nozzles for discharging spinning liquid, the nozzle pack and It consists of a collector that accumulates the fibers that are opposed to it and a high voltage generator that generates a high voltage.

When manufacturing the nanofibers using the electrospinning device, the factors that determine the properties of the nanofibers include material properties such as the viscosity of the spinning solution, dielectric properties, surface tension, the distance between the nozzle and the collector, the nozzle and the collector. Control variables such as voltage between, electric field charge density, electrostatic pressure in nozzle, injection speed of polymer solution, and the like.

Among the above factors, the quality of the microfibers to be spun can be improved only by keeping the properties of the spinning material constant during electrospinning. Because it is not kept constant, the physical properties of the spinning material are changed to obtain a good quality nanofibers. In addition, there is a problem that the spinning material is solidified to block the spinning hole of the spinning nozzle, the workability is lowered and the manufacturing cost is increased.

In order to overcome the above problems, even if the temperature around the spinning nozzle is kept constant, deterioration of the physical properties may occur due to deterioration of the melt during long time spinning, and beads may occur due to decomposition of the melt, causing product defects. .

The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, one object of the present invention is to provide a temperature gradient by installing a multi-stage glass chamber or ceramic chamber, each temperature can be independently controlled around the insulating nozzle It is to provide an electrospinning nozzle block that can prevent the deterioration of the melt to minimize the improvement of physical properties and product defects and to produce ultrafine fibers with a thinner fiber diameter.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrospinning device which can improve spinning efficiency and can electrospin even thinner fibers.

One aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,

In the electrospinning nozzle block provided with the nozzle for electrospinning the spinning material, the nozzle block receives the nozzle block, and is divided into a plurality of stages in which the temperature around the nozzle block is kept constant by air or oil. It is provided with a constant temperature chamber, the temperature of the multi-stage constant temperature chamber of each stage relates to an electrospinning nozzle block, characterized in that it has a temperature gradient.

The nozzle block blower for supplying a temperature control medium to the inlet of the constant temperature chamber of each stage of the multi-stage constant temperature chamber; And a heating unit installed between the blower and the medium inlets to heat the temperature control medium supplied into the constant temperature chamber of each stage. The electrospinning nozzle block may include a bypass pipe connected between the outlets of the multistage constant temperature chamber and the blower to recycle the temperature control medium discharged from the constant temperature chamber of each stage to the blower.

Another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,

A spinning material supply for supplying spinning material; An extruder which extrudes and spins the spinning material supplied from the spinning material supply unit; A nozzle pack connected to the tip of the extruder, a collector positioned opposite the extruder and accumulating fibers spun through the nozzle pack in the extruder; An electrospinning apparatus comprising a high voltage generator for applying a high voltage between the nozzle pack and the collector,

The nozzle pack includes the multi-stage constant temperature chambers, which are divided into stages to accommodate the nozzle pack and maintain a constant temperature around the nozzle pack by a temperature control medium, wherein the temperature of the constant temperature chambers of each stage has a temperature gradient. It relates to an electrospinning device characterized by.

According to the electrospinning nozzle block of the present invention and the electrospinning apparatus including the same, the molten spinning material is prevented from decomposing the melt according to the residence time until just before the spinning through the spin hole, the physical properties deterioration and decomposition even under continuous operation By minimizing the defect of the spinning conditions such as the change in the discharge amount caused by the vaporization phenomenon by the microfibers of uniform quality can be produced. In addition, the long-term operation of the electrospinning device can improve the production yield by overcoming obstacles such as clogging of the radiation hole due to the solidification of the radiation material.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known general functions or configurations will be omitted.

In the electrospinning nozzle block of one embodiment of the present invention, a multistage constant temperature chamber is installed around the nozzle block. The multi-stage constant temperature chamber is composed of a glass chamber or a ceramic chamber, and the temperature control medium of a predetermined temperature is circulated around the nozzle block to maintain a constant temperature around the nozzle block, and the constant temperature chamber is composed of multi-chambers and two or more chambers. It is divided into compartments, and the temperature of each section is configured to have a constant temperature gradient in consideration of the residence time of the emissive material.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrospinning nozzle block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, the electrospinning nozzle block 10 of the embodiment of the present invention accommodates the nozzle pack 100, and the temperature around the nozzle pack 100 by a temperature control medium such as air or oil is constant. It includes a multi-stage constant temperature chamber 300 to maintain. The constant temperature chamber 300 is composed of multiple stages by connecting two or more constant temperature chambers. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the constant temperature chamber 300 may include a first constant temperature chamber 310, a second constant temperature chamber 320, and a third constant temperature chamber 330. The constant temperature chambers 310, 320, and 330 at each stage are connected to a pipeline for supplying and recovering a medium for temperature control.

The multi-stage constant temperature chamber 300 includes a medium supply unit 200 for supplying a temperature control medium such as air or oil into each chamber 310, 320, 330; A media inlet (312, 322, 332) into which the temperature controlling medium from the medium supplying unit (200) is injected into each chamber of the multi-stage constant temperature chamber; Temperature control medium flow paths 311, 321, and 331 through which the temperature control medium flows; And media outlets 313, 323, and 333 which are supplied to the temperature control media inlets 312, 322, and 332 of the thermostatic chambers and discharge the temperature control media that have moved along the flow paths 311, 321, and 331. Include. Valves (not shown) for adjusting the flow rate may be installed at the inlet.

The medium supply unit 200 includes a blower 223 for supplying a temperature control medium to each of the medium inlets 312, 322 and 332 of the multistage constant temperature chamber; And a heating unit 227 for heating the temperature control medium supplied to the multi-stage constant temperature chamber 310, 320, 330 adjacent to the blower 223.

The nozzle pack 100 is an electrospinning coupled to the extruder to which the spinning material is supplied, an extruder connecting portion 150 made of a conductive material connected to the extruder, and a nozzle body 110 connected to the extruder connecting portion; And a nozzle unit 120 coupled to the front end of the nozzle body, the nozzle unit including a spinning hole in which a spinning material is radiated.

The nozzle body 110 has a movement path 130 to which the molten spinning material moves therein, and the material constituting the nozzle body 110 is not particularly limited, and is known in the art to which the present invention pertains. It may be formed of a material. In this case, since the voltage is applied to form the electric field in the radiating material, the nozzle unit 120 is preferably formed of steel having excellent conductivity.

The nozzle unit 120 is an electrospinning of the spinning material transmitted through the movement path 130, and is provided with a spinning hole 121 for discharging the spinning material, the inner diameter of the spinning hole 121 is spinning In consideration of the material of the fiber, the diameter of the fiber to be spun and the like can be appropriately selected, for example, it can be formed from 0.06 mm to 0.5 mm.

The voltage applied to the nozzle unit 120 is preferably a voltage within the range of 10 ~ 200kV, the applied voltage charges the radiation material inside the nozzle unit 120, the charged radiation material is the room While passing through the pores 121 is emitted in the form of fine filaments.

The multi-stage constant temperature chamber 300 is installed on the outside of the nozzle pack 100, Figure 2 is a view showing the configuration of the nozzle pack and the multi-stage constant temperature chamber, Figure 2a is a perspective view, Figure 2b is a partial cutaway cross-sectional view to be.

2A and 2B, the multi-stage constant temperature chamber 300 is formed to surround the nozzle pack 100, and a temperature control medium having a predetermined temperature is supplied to the medium inlets 312, 322, and 332. Flow paths 311, 321, and 331 for moving the outer circumference of the nozzle pack 100 are formed, and medium discharge ports 313, 323, and 333 through which the temperature control medium is discharged are provided. Each stage of the multi-stage constant temperature chamber is composed of two or more stages partitioned so that the temperature is individually controlled by adjusting the residence time of the spinning material in the nozzle block.

For example, the multi-stage constant temperature chamber 300 accommodates the first constant temperature chamber 310 and the nozzle body 110 to accommodate the nozzle unit 120 and maintain a constant temperature thereof. A second constant temperature chamber 320 for maintaining a constant temperature; And a third constant temperature chamber 330 that accommodates the extruder connection 150 and maintains a constant temperature around it.

The temperature T _{1 of} the first temperature chamber, the temperature T ₂ of the second temperature chamber, and the temperature T ₃ of the third temperature chamber may satisfy a condition represented by the following equation.

T1 = Tm + (40 ~ 50 ℃)

        T2 = Tm + (10 ~ 20 ℃)

        T3 = Tm + (5 ~ 10 ℃)

The multi-stage constant temperature chamber 300 is preferably formed of glass so that the voltage applied to the nozzle unit 120 does not conduct. In some cases, a material such as ceramic, Teflon, or bakelite may be used. In addition, each of the constant temperature chambers 310, 320, 330 is partitioned by a partition wall of the insulating material it is possible to maintain a stable temperature.

The blower 223 supplies the temperature control medium to the constant temperature chambers 310, 320, and 330 of the stages, and the shape of the blower 223 is not particularly limited. Any configuration well known in the art may be adopted.

The heating unit 227 is installed between the blower and the medium inlets 313, 323, 333 of the multistage constant temperature chamber, and is supplied to the constant temperature chambers 310, 320, 330 of each stage from the blower 223. The temperature controlling medium is heated to a predetermined temperature.

On the other hand, the multi-stage constant temperature chamber 300 in some cases the bypass pipe 240 for connecting the outlets 313, 323, 333 of the constant temperature chamber of each stage and the inlet (not shown) of the blower 223 It may be provided.

The bypass pipe 240 recirculates the temperature control medium discharged from the medium discharge ports 313, 323, and 333 to the intake port of the blower 223, thereby preventing heat loss of the temperature control medium so that the multi-stage constant temperature is low. It is possible to supply a temperature controlling medium of a constant temperature into the chamber.

The temperature control medium having a constant temperature moving to the flow paths 311, 321, and 331 of the multistage constant temperature chamber 300 maintains the temperature of the spinning material supplied to the moving path 130 of the nozzle pack 100. In addition to the joule, giving a constant temperature gradient so that the radiation material does not deteriorate, because the radiation material is stably electrospinned through the spinning hole 121 of the nozzle unit 120 without a change in physical properties.

Another aspect of the present invention, the supply unit for supplying the electrospinning spinning material, a nozzle block including a nozzle pack for spinning the spinning material transferred from the supply, a collector for accumulating fibers spun from the nozzle block, An electrospinning apparatus comprising a high voltage generator for applying a high voltage between the nozzle block and the collector, wherein the nozzle block comprises an electrospinning nozzle block according to the present invention. It is about.

3 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the configuration of an electrospinning apparatus including an electrospinning nozzle pack provided with the multistage constant temperature chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, an electrospinning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a spinning material supply unit 1 for supplying spinning material; An extruder (2) for extruding and spinning the spinning material supplied from the spinning material supply unit; A nozzle pack (10) connected to the tip of the extruder, a collector (4) positioned opposite the extruder and accumulating fibers spun through the nozzle pack in the extruder; A high voltage generator 5 for applying a high voltage between the nozzle pack and the collector, wherein the nozzle pack 10 accommodates the nozzle pack and maintains a constant temperature around the nozzle pack by air or oil. It is provided with a multi-stage constant temperature chamber divided by, wherein the temperature of the multi-stage constant temperature chamber of each stage has a temperature gradient.

The constant temperature chambers of each stage include a medium supply unit supplying a medium for controlling temperature in the constant temperature chamber of each stage; A medium inlet for introducing a temperature control medium from the medium supply unit into the constant temperature chamber; A temperature control medium flow path through which the temperature control medium flows; And a medium discharge port supplied to the temperature control medium inlet for discharging the temperature control medium that has moved along the flow path.

In the electrospinning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, the spinning material supply unit 1 is a part that is supplied with spinning material serving as a fiber raw material and dissolved in a solvent or phase-changed into a melt. In the illustrated embodiment, the spinning material supply unit 1 may include heating means (not shown) for melting the polymer chip, and transfer means (not shown) for transporting the molten polymer melt.

The spinning material supply unit 1 is not limited to this configuration, alternatively, the spinning material storage tank for storing the polymer to be supplied to the extruder, the metering pump and supply pipe which is a control device for supplying the stored polymer to the spinneret in a fixed amount per hour It may include.

Polymeric materials usable in the present invention include polymer solutions, polymer melts, dissolved glass materials, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of representative polymer materials usable in the present invention include fluoropolymers, polyolefins, polyimides, polylactides, polyesters, polycaprolactones, polyvinylidene fluorides, polyacrylonitriles, polysulfones, polyimides, Polyethylene oxide, and these may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more. In the present invention, other additives may be added to improve physical properties of the polymer solution or the molten polymer.

The nozzle block 10 for spinning the spinning material transferred from the supply unit 1 into a fibrous shape is installed in the extruder 2 and, in some cases, a single or a plurality is installed.

Here, the nozzle block 10 is coupled to a multi-stage constant temperature chamber that maintains a constant temperature around the nozzle pack from which the spinning material is radiated. A blower and a heating unit for supplying a temperature controlling medium of a predetermined temperature to the multi-stage constant temperature chamber are provided to maintain the temperature of the nozzle pack, thereby maintaining physical properties of the spinning material supplied into the nozzle pack.

The spinning material maintained at a temperature is radiated through a spinning hole formed in the nozzle part of the nozzle pack, wherein a voltage is applied to the nozzle part to form an electric field in the spinning material radiated. On the other hand, the temperature control medium discharged from each of the thermostatic chamber is recycled to the blower through the bypass pipe.

The collector 4 is applied to the polarity opposite to the polarity of the voltage applied to the nozzle pack is applied or grounded, and the filament is formed by forming a strong electric field with the polymer material in the form of fine filament radiated through the radiation hole of the nozzle portion Is radiated to a nanoscale diameter and allowed to accumulate.

The collector 4 may be a metal having excellent conductivity, and may be continuously supplied to the nozzle pack 10 by a transfer means such as a transfer roller. The collector may be in plate form or drum form. In order to continuously produce nanofibers, the collector is advantageously in the form of a rotatable drum.

On the other hand, the charged filament may be integrated on a non-metallic substrate such as woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, paper, etc. In this case, by placing the substrate on the front of the collector to form a web, the substrate on which the web is formed Is moved through the moving means is heated while passing through the heating device (not shown) (not shown), calendering (calendaring), it is finally wound on the take-up roller (not shown).

Meanwhile, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the nozzle block 10 and the collector 4 are disposed to face each other in the horizontal direction, but are not limited thereto and may be disposed to face each other in the vertical direction. That is, the nozzle block and the electrospinning device of the present invention can be applied to the top or bottom type spinning apparatus as well as the lateral spinning apparatus.

The high voltage generator 5 can be used without limitation in the manner known in the art. Preferably, the voltage applied from the high voltage generator 5 is within the range of 10 ~ 200kV is suitable for nanometer-class radiation.

Then, the operation of the electrospinning apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above will be described. First, when the raw material solution is quantitatively supplied from the spinning material supply unit 1 to the extruder 2 side, the polymer material is melted and extruded through the nozzle pack 10 by a heater and a screw in the extruder 2, and at this time, The temperature can be adjusted by

The polymeric material supplied in the extruder 2 is supplied by the rotation of the screw in an extruder, and is compressed and defoamed or mixed-melted, and becomes a uniform melt, and is supplied to the next stage. During extrusion, it is heated to maintain the molten state of the polymeric material, which is heated by a heater mounted on the outer wall of the extruder. The polymeric material is filtered by a filtration device to remove foreign substances that cause trimming during spinning. The polymeric material filtered by the filter is supplied to the nozzle pack and discharged into the air.

In the electrospinning apparatus of the present invention, while the temperature control medium is circulated along the flow path in the multi-stage constant temperature chamber mounted around the nozzle pack, the temperature around the nozzle pack is kept constant so that the molten polymer maintains the optimum melting state. Do it. In addition, since the temperature is independently controlled to have a constant temperature gradient for each chamber in the multi-stage constant temperature chamber, it is possible to prevent decomposition of the radiation material or solidification of the radiation material during long-term operation. The spinning liquid radiated from the nozzle pack 10 at the tip of the extruder 2 is charged through the high voltage generator 5. The polymer spinning solution of the spinning material supply unit 1 is insulated and discharged through the nozzle pack 10. The spinning solution is stretched in the form of fine filaments while passing through the nozzle portion and discharged to the opposite collector 4 side. At this time, due to the strong electric field formed between the collector 4 and the charged filament, the spinning fiber 700 is elongated and spun to a nanoscale diameter by the Taylor cone-shaped whipping motion.

Nanofibers that can be produced using the insulating nozzle pack and electrospinning of the present invention is a filter material, photochemical sensor material, carbon material such as carbon nanotubes, electronic device material, biomedical material, tissue engineering material, drug delivery It can be applied to a wide range of materials, such as a base material and cosmetic materials for the manufacture of DNA. For example, nanofibers have a very large surface area compared to their volume, so they have an excellent effect when applied to filters. When nanofibers made of electrically conductive nanofiber are coated on glass, the color of the window can be detected by detecting the amount of sunlight. Can change. When the conductive nanofiber is used as an electrolyte of a lithium ion battery, the size and weight of the conductive paper can be greatly reduced while preventing leakage of the electrolyte. In addition, if nanofibers are made from artificial proteins made similar to biological tissues, they can be used for the manufacture of bandages or artificial skins that are immediately absorbed into the body as the wound heals.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and many modifications are made by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains within the technical spirit of the present invention. This possibility will be self-evident. For example, in the present application, an electrospinning apparatus using an extruder has been mainly described. However, as shown in FIG. 4, a spinning pack supplies a polymer material in a fixed quantity, and a polymer material supplied from the pump has a uniform flow. The invention may also be applied to an electrospinning apparatus comprising a syringe tube for converting and one or more nozzle blocks for spinning polymer material from the syringe tube. The high voltage generator 5 may generate a high voltage between 10 kV and 200 kV between the radiation nozzle block 10 and the collector 4. The micro pump 12 may supply the spinning melt supplied from the spinning melt supply unit 11 to the cylinder tube at a constant pressure. If desired, the micropump 12 may include a metering device capable of measuring the quantity. The spinning melt supplied from the micro pump 12 is electrospun in the nozzle block 10 via the syringe tube 13. The spin melt is collected in the collector due to the high voltage formed between the spin needle and the collector.

Example  One

The thermoplastic polyurethane chip is melted in the extruder and then supplied to the nozzle pack equipped with the multi-stage constant temperature chamber 300, and the supplied polyurethane melt is spun through the spinneret 121 with 20 kV applied to the nozzle end. The 100-thick polyurethane webs were fabricated by collecting them in a collector located at a distance of 50 cm. At this time, the temperature in the extruder was maintained at about 200 ℃, the inner diameter of the spin hole 121 was 0.25 mm. The temperature of the multistage constant temperature chamber 300 was to have a temperature gradient of T ₁ = 310 ° C, T ₂ = 280 ° C, T ₃ = 270 ° C. A scanning electron micrograph of the collected polyurethane web is shown in FIG. 5, and the tensile strength thereof is measured and shown in FIG. 7. Table 1 shows the average fiber diameter and tensile strength and elongation.

Comparative example  One

Polyurethane webs were prepared by electrospinning using a normal nozzle pack not equipped with a multistage constant temperature chamber. The spinning condition was 25 kV, a distance of 50 cm to the collector, an extruder temperature of about 200 ° C., and an inner diameter of the spinning hole 121 of 0.25 mm to prepare a polyurethane web of 100. The average fiber diameter, tensile strength, and elongation of the fabricated web were evaluated and shown in Table 1 below. The scanning electron micrograph of the obtained polyurethane web is shown in FIG. 6, and the tensile strength measurement result is shown in FIG.

Comparative example Example Fiber average diameter (㎛) 18.84 2.09 Tensile Strength (MPa) 1.06 4.0 Elongation (%) 374 827

In the above, the present invention has been described in detail using examples. However, the presented embodiments are exemplary and those skilled in the art may make various modifications and modifications to the embodiments without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention should not be limited by these modifications and variations, but should be defined only by the claims appended hereto.

1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrospinning nozzle block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a view showing a multi-stage constant temperature chamber of a nozzle block according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2a is a perspective view, Figure 2b is a partial cutaway perspective cross-sectional view.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing an electrospinning value including a nozzle block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic view showing an electrospinning apparatus including a nozzle block according to another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a scanning electron micrograph of the polyurethane web obtained in Example 1. FIG.

6 is a scanning electron micrograph of the polyurethane web obtained in Comparative Example 1.

Figure 7 shows the tensile strength measurement results of the polyurethane web obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

10: Electrospinning nozzle block 100: Nozzle pack

110: nozzle body 120: nozzle part

121: spinning ball 130: moving path

150: extruder connection

300: multi-stage constant temperature chamber 310: first constant temperature chamber

320: second constant temperature chamber 330: third constant temperature chamber

311, 321, 331: Euro 312, 322, 332: Inlet

313, 323, 333: outlet 200: medium supply unit

223: blower 227: heating unit

240: bypass tube 1: radiating material supply unit

4: collector 5: high voltage generator

Claims (10)

In the electrospinning nozzle block provided with the nozzle for electrospinning the spinning material, the nozzle block accommodates the nozzle block, and is divided into multiple stages which are kept in constant temperature around the nozzle block by a temperature control medium. And constant temperature chambers, wherein the temperature of the multistage constant temperature chambers of each stage has a temperature gradient. The nozzle pack of claim 1, wherein the nozzle pack comprises: an extruder connection part connected to an extruder, and a nozzle body connected to the extruder connection part; And a nozzle unit coupled to the distal end of the nozzle body, the nozzle unit including a spinning hole in which a spinning material is radiated. According to claim 1, wherein the constant temperature chamber of each stage is a medium supply unit for supplying a temperature control medium in the constant temperature chamber; A medium inlet for introducing a temperature control medium from the medium supply unit into the constant temperature chamber of each stage; A temperature control medium flow path through which the temperature control medium flows; And a medium discharge port supplied to the temperature control medium inlet for discharging the temperature control medium that has moved along the flow path. The multistage constant temperature chamber of claim 1, wherein the multistage constant temperature chamber accommodates the nozzle portion and maintains a constant temperature around the nozzle, and the second multistage constant temperature chamber accommodates the nozzle body and maintains the temperature around the nozzle body. ; And a third constant temperature chamber receiving the extruder connection and maintaining a constant temperature around it. The temperature T _{1 of} the first temperature chamber, the temperature T ₂ of the second temperature chamber, and the temperature T ₃ of the third temperature chamber satisfy a condition represented by the following equation. Electrospray nozzle block. [Equation 1] T ₁ = Tm + (40 ~ 50 ℃) T ₂ = Tm + (10 ~ 20 ℃) T ₃ = Tm + (5 ~ 10 ℃) The method of claim 3, wherein the medium supply unit A blower for supplying a temperature controlling medium to the medium inlet of the constant temperature chamber of each stage; And And a heating unit installed between the blower and the medium inlets to heat a temperature control medium supplied from the blower into the constant temperature chamber of each stage. The method of claim 5, wherein the nozzle block is connected between the outlet of the medium temperature chamber of each stage and the blower, it comprises a bypass pipe for recycling the temperature control medium discharged from the constant temperature chamber of each stage to the blower Electrospinning nozzle block characterized in that. A spinning material supply for supplying spinning material; An extruder which extrudes and spins the spinning material supplied from the spinning material supply unit; A nozzle pack connected to the tip of the extruder, a collector positioned opposite the extruder and accumulating fibers spun through the nozzle pack in the extruder; An electrospinning apparatus comprising a high voltage generator for applying a high voltage between the nozzle pack and the collector, The nozzle pack includes the multi-stage constant temperature chambers, which are divided into stages to accommodate the nozzle pack and maintain a constant temperature around the nozzle pack by a temperature control medium, wherein the temperature of the constant temperature chambers of each stage has a temperature gradient. Electrospinning apparatus characterized in. The method of claim 7, wherein the nozzle pack An extruder connection part connected to the extruder, A nozzle body connected to the extruder connection; And Electrospinning apparatus characterized in that it comprises a nozzle coupled to the front end of the nozzle body, the nozzle including a spinning hole radiating the spinning material. The method of claim 8, wherein the constant temperature chamber of each stage is a medium supply unit for supplying a temperature control medium in the constant temperature chamber; A medium inlet for introducing a temperature control medium from the medium supply unit into the multistage constant temperature chamber; A temperature control medium flow path through which the temperature control medium flows; And a medium discharge port supplied to the temperature control medium inlet for discharging the temperature control medium that has moved along the flow path, wherein the medium supply unit A blower for supplying a temperature control medium to a temperature control medium inlet of the temperature chamber of each stage; And And a heating unit installed between the blower and the medium inlets to heat the temperature control medium supplied from the blower into the constant temperature chamber of each stage. The method of claim 9, wherein the electrospinning device is connected between the outlet of the medium temperature chamber of each stage and the blower, and includes a bypass pipe for recycling the temperature control medium discharged from the constant temperature chamber of each stage to the blower. Electrospinning apparatus, characterized in that.

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