KR20110059509A - Liquid crystal display and manufacturing method of the same - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display and manufacturing method of the same Download PDFInfo
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- KR20110059509A KR20110059509A KR1020100022440A KR20100022440A KR20110059509A KR 20110059509 A KR20110059509 A KR 20110059509A KR 1020100022440 A KR1020100022440 A KR 1020100022440A KR 20100022440 A KR20100022440 A KR 20100022440A KR 20110059509 A KR20110059509 A KR 20110059509A
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Abstract
According to an exemplary embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the first substrate, the first substrate, and the A liquid crystal layer interposed between the second substrate and a first alignment layer formed on the first substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer, wherein the first alignment layer includes a first alignment base layer and a first alignment regulator, The first alignment base layer is a material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer, and the first alignment regulator extends from the inside of the first alignment base layer and preferably provides alignment force to the liquid crystal. Therefore, in the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment, when the liquid crystal has a pretilt in the IPS mode liquid crystal display, the liquid crystal adjacent to the opposite substrate on which the linear common electrode and the linear pixel electrode are not immediately tilted along the pretilt. The response speed is very fast. Therefore, the problem of the afterimage of a moving image can be eliminated.
Description
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method thereof.
Currently, various kinds of flat panel display devices have been developed and used. Among them, the liquid crystal display is a flat panel display which is widely used for various purposes.
The liquid crystal display includes a twisted nematic (TN) mode liquid crystal display, a vertically aligned (VA) mode liquid crystal display, an in plane switching mode (IPS) mode liquid crystal display, and an optically compensated bend (OCB) depending on the arrangement and driving method of the liquid crystal. And mode liquid crystal display devices. In these liquid crystal display devices, the liquid crystals initially form a predetermined array due to the influence of the alignment layer or the properties of the liquid crystal itself, but when the electric field is applied, the arrangement of the liquid crystals is changed. Due to the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystals, polarization of light passing through the liquid crystals The image is displayed by changing the state depending on the arrangement state of the liquid crystal and making it appear as a difference in the amount of transmitted light using the polarizing plate.
In particular, in the IPS mode liquid crystal display, since both the common electrode and the pixel electrode are formed on one substrate, there is a problem that the aperture ratio becomes small and the luminance decreases. In addition, the IPS mode liquid crystal display device has a disadvantage in that the response speed is low because the liquid crystals near the common electrode to which the voltage is applied and the other substrate located opposite to the substrate where the pixel electrode is located do not respond quickly to the application of the electric field. .
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an IPS mode liquid crystal display device having improved response speed, brightness, and viewing angle, and a method of manufacturing the same.
Problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.
According to an exemplary embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the first substrate, the first substrate, and the A liquid crystal layer interposed between the second substrate and a first alignment layer formed on the first substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer, wherein the first alignment layer includes a first alignment base layer and a first alignment regulator, The first alignment base layer is a material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer, and the first alignment regulator extends from the inside of the first alignment base layer and preferably provides alignment force to the liquid crystal.
It is preferable that the said 1st electrode and the said 2nd electrode are a plurality of strip | belt-shaped, and they are arrange | positioned alternately with each other.
The region between the first electrode and the second electrode is preferably separated into a plurality of domains.
Preferably, the first electrode and the second electrode are parallel to each other and the center thereof is refracted.
The plurality of domains are divided into a first region and a second region, and the polar angle of the first alignment regulator positioned in the first region and the polar angle of the first alignment regulator positioned in the second region are different from each other.
It is preferable that the said 1st orientation regulator superposed | polymerized the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
A second alignment layer formed on the second substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer, wherein the second alignment layer includes a second alignment base layer and a second alignment regulator, and the second alignment base layer is the liquid crystal layer. It is a substance which vertically orients the liquid crystal of, and it is preferable that the said 2nd orientation regulator extends out from the inside of the said 2nd orientation base film, and provides an orientation force to the said liquid crystal.
It is preferable that the said 2nd orientation regulator superposed | polymerized the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
It is preferable that the polar angle of the second alignment regulator positioned in the first region and the polar angle of the second alignment regulator positioned in the second region are different from each other.
It is preferable that the said 1st alignment film and the 2nd alignment film are a photo-alignment film.
Preferably, the first electrode has a plurality of bands, the second electrode is formed of a continuous surface in the pixel region, and the second electrode is preferably formed of a transparent conductor.
Here, the region between the first electrode and the second electrode is preferably divided into a plurality of domains, and the center of the first electrode is preferably refracted.
Here, the plurality of domains are divided into a first region and a second region, and the polar angle of the first alignment regulator positioned in the first region and the polar angle of the first alignment regulator positioned in the second region are different from each other. Do.
It is preferable that the said 1st orientation regulator superposed | polymerized the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
A second alignment layer formed on the second substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer, wherein the second alignment layer includes a second alignment base layer and a second alignment regulator, and the second alignment base layer is the liquid crystal layer. It is a substance which vertically orients the liquid crystal of, and it is preferable that the said 2nd orientation regulator extends out from the inside of the said 2nd orientation base film, and provides an orientation force to the said liquid crystal.
It is preferable that the said 2nd orientation regulator superposed | polymerized the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
It is preferable that the polar angle of the second alignment regulator positioned in the first region and the polar angle of the second alignment regulator positioned in the second region are different from each other.
It is preferable that the said 1st alignment film and the 2nd alignment film are a photo-alignment film.
In addition, the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes forming a first electrode and a second electrode on a first substrate, a first alignment base material for vertically aligning a liquid crystal on the first substrate, and Forming a first alignment layer comprising a monomer or oligomer made of a material different from the first alignment base material, forming a second substrate, introducing the liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate, It is preferable to include a first polymerization step of applying a first voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, and irradiates light to polymerize the monomer or oligomer included in the first alignment layer.
It is preferable that the first electrode and the second electrode have a plurality of strips and are alternately arranged.
Preferably, the region between the first electrode and the second electrode is separated into a plurality of domains.
The first electrode and the second electrode are parallel to each other, the center is preferably refracted.
The plurality of domains are separated into a first region and a second region, and the first polymerization step polymerizes the monomer or oligomer contained in the first alignment layer positioned in the first region by irradiation. Covering the second region, applying a second voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, irradiating light to the monomer or oligomer included in the first alignment layer positioned in the second region; The method may further include a step of polymerizing, wherein the first voltage and the second voltage are different from each other.
A second alignment base material which vertically aligns the liquid crystal on the second substrate and a monomer or oligomer made of a material different from the second alignment base material before the step of bonding the first substrate and the second substrate; It is preferable to further include forming an alignment film.
Preferably, the monomer or oligomer contained in the first alignment layer is polymerized to form a first alignment regulator, and the monomer or oligomer included in the second alignment layer is polymerized to form a second alignment regulator.
Preferably, the first electrode has a plurality of bands and the second electrode has a continuous surface in the pixel area.
In addition, the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of forming a first electrode and a second electrode on the first substrate, the first alignment base material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal on the first substrate and the Forming a first alignment layer comprising a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer made of a material different from the first alignment base material, wherein a region between the first electrode and the second electrode is divided into a plurality of domains, and the plurality of domains Is separated into a first region and a second region, and irradiates the first region with the first light to photoalign the alignment base material to form an alignment base layer, and polymerizes a photopolymerizable monomer and an oligomer to form an alignment regulator. In the step, the second region is irradiated with a second light to photoalign the alignment base material to form an alignment base layer, and to polymerize the photopolymerizable monomer and the oligomer. Comprising the step of forming a alignment control agent, the first dose of light and the second light irradiation amount is preferably different.
It is preferable that the polar angle of the orientation regulator located in the first region is different from the polar angle of the orientation regulator located in the second region.
In addition, a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a pixel formed on a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and the first substrate, and having a continuous surface without a cutout. An electrode, a control electrode formed on the pixel electrode, the control electrode having domain dividing means for dividing the pixel region into a plurality of domains, a common electrode formed on the second substrate and having a continuous surface without a cutout; A liquid crystal layer interposed between a first substrate and the second substrate, and a first alignment layer formed on the first substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer, wherein the first alignment layer includes a first alignment base layer and a first alignment layer. Wherein the first alignment base layer is a material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer, and the first alignment regulator is the first alignment group Shown extending from the interior of the film, and it is desirable to provide an alignment force to the liquid crystal.
It is preferable to further include an interlayer insulating film formed between the control electrode and the pixel electrode.
The domain dividing means is preferably an incision.
It is preferable that the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer positioned in the cutout portion are previously aligned by an electric field formed between the control electrode and the common electrode.
The control electrode is preferably formed of ITO or IZO.
It is preferable that the said 1st orientation regulator superposed | polymerized the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
A second alignment layer formed on the second substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer, wherein the second alignment layer includes a second alignment base layer and a second alignment regulator, and the second alignment base layer is the liquid crystal layer. It is a substance which vertically orients the liquid crystal of, and it is preferable that the said 2nd orientation regulator extends out from the inside of the said 2nd orientation base film, and provides an orientation force to the said liquid crystal.
It is preferable that the said 2nd orientation regulator superposed | polymerized the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
In addition, according to another embodiment of the present invention, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display includes forming a pixel electrode having a continuous surface without a cutout on a first substrate, and dividing the pixel region into a plurality of domains on the pixel electrode. Forming a control electrode having a domain dividing means, and forming a first alignment layer comprising a first alignment base material for vertically aligning a liquid crystal on the control electrode and a monomer or oligomer made of a material different from the first alignment base material Forming a common electrode on the second substrate; introducing the liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate; applying a first voltage between the control electrode and the common electrode; And a first polymerization step of polymerizing the monomer or oligomer contained in the first alignment layer by irradiation. It is preferred.
The method may further include forming an interlayer insulating layer between the control electrode and the pixel electrode.
The domain dividing means is preferably an incision.
It is preferable that the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer positioned in the cutout are aligned in advance by an electric field formed between the control electrode and the common electrode.
A second alignment layer including a second alignment base material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal on the common electrode and a monomer or oligomer made of a material different from the second alignment base material before bonding the first substrate and the second substrate; It is preferable to further include forming a.
Preferably, the monomer or oligomer contained in the first alignment layer is polymerized to form a first alignment regulator, and the monomer or oligomer included in the second alignment layer is polymerized to form a second alignment regulator.
According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the liquid crystal has a pretilt in the IPS mode liquid crystal display, since the liquid crystal adjacent to the opposite substrate on which the linear common electrode and the linear pixel electrode are not positioned is immediately inclined along the pretilt, the response speed is very high. fast. Therefore, the problem of the afterimage of a moving image can be eliminated.
In addition, the linear common electrode and the linear pixel electrode are made of a transparent conductive film such as ITO or IZO, and the liquid crystals on the linear common electrode and the linear pixel electrode also have a pretilt and are immediately inclined in the direction parallel to the electric field when the driving voltage is applied. It has the effect that the liquid crystal which contributes to image display increases. Therefore, the aperture ratio is improved and the luminance is increased.
In addition, since the liquid crystal has positive dielectric anisotropy, when the electric field is applied, the liquid crystal is arranged in the same direction as the electric field formed in the direction perpendicular to the sides of the common electrode portion and the pixel electrode portion. Therefore, the liquid crystal may be arranged in different directions for each of the first to fourth domains to implement multiple alignments. That is, the liquid crystals may be arranged to have different pretilts for each of the first to fourth domains to implement multiple alignments. At this time, since the liquid crystal has a pretilt of a predetermined polar angle, when the electric field is applied, the liquid crystals of all the regions are inclined along the pretilt, so that the alignment directions of the liquid crystals located in the vicinity of the boundary line between domains are clearly different for each domain. It can be fully implemented to improve the viewing angle.
In addition, the
1 is a flowchart of a method of orienting liquid crystals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a layout view of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2.
4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of primary alignment of liquid crystals according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of secondary alignment of liquid crystals according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a layout view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 6.
8 and 9 illustrate a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
10 and 11 illustrate a method of varying polar angles of the alignment regulators of the first region U1 and the second region U2 in the photoalignment layer.
12 is a layout view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII of FIG. 12.
14 is a layout view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display of FIG. 14.
FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an orientation of a liquid crystal positioned in a control electrode and a cutout of the control electrode of the liquid crystal display of FIG. 14.
17 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an operation of applying a control voltage between a control electrode and a common electrode to orient the liquid crystal to have a pretilt according to another embodiment of the present invention.
18 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of aligning an alignment regulator to have a pretilt by irradiating UV to a liquid crystal having a pretilt according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but only the embodiments to complete the disclosure of the present invention, the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. The invention is provided by way of example, and the invention is defined by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
1 is a flowchart of a method of orienting liquid crystals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, first, an IPS mode thin film transistor (TFT) substrate is manufactured (S1). The IPS mode thin film transistor substrate includes a gate line, a data line crossing the gate line, a thin film transistor having a control electrode and an input electrode connected to the gate line, and a data line on an insulating substrate, and a linear pixel electrode connected to an output terminal of the thin film transistor. And a common electrode line for applying a common voltage to the linear common electrode facing the linear pixel electrode, and the linear common electrode.
Next, a first alignment layer including a monomer or an oligomer is formed on the IPS mode thin film transistor substrate (S2). The first alignment layer may be formed by mixing and applying a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer to the alignment base material, and curing the alignment base material. The alignment base material of the first alignment layer may be formed of a material having vertical alignment characteristics.
Therefore, the alignment layer including the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer may serve as an alignment layer of the liquid crystal, and since the alignment base material has a vertical alignment characteristic, the director of the liquid crystal is primarily aligned perpendicular to the substrate surface.
Here, a polymerization initiator can be added together with the orientation base material and the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer. Although it is not necessary to necessarily add a polymerization initiator, superposition | polymerization can be performed quickly by adding a polymerization initiator. As the polymerization initiator, in addition to methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, for example, benzoyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl peroctoate, dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl alkyl ether series, acetophenone series, benzophenone series, xanthone series A benzoin ether type, a benzyl ketal type polymerization initiator, etc. can be used, It can use it as it is, or can mix and use suitably. In addition, the addition amount of a polymerization initiator may be 10 weight% or less with respect to a polymeric compound. This is because adding more than 10% by weight may cause the polymerization initiator to act as an impurity and lower the display quality of the display element.
Meanwhile, an opposing substrate to be assembled to face the IPS mode thin film transistor substrate is manufactured (S3). A color filter, a light blocking member, and the like may be formed on the opposing substrate.
Next, a second alignment layer including a monomer or an oligomer is formed on the counter substrate (S4). The second alignment layer may be formed by mixing and applying a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer to the alignment base material, and curing the alignment base material. The alignment base material of the second alignment layer may be formed of a material having vertical alignment characteristics. Therefore, the alignment layer including the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer may serve as an alignment layer of the liquid crystal, and since the alignment base material has a vertical alignment characteristic, the director of the liquid crystal is primarily aligned perpendicular to the substrate surface.
Here, a polymerization initiator can be added together with the orientation base material and the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer. Although it is not necessary to necessarily add a polymerization initiator, superposition | polymerization can be performed quickly by adding a polymerization initiator.
The IPS mode thin film transistor substrate and the opposing substrate thus prepared are assembled and a liquid crystal is introduced between the two substrates (S5).
Here, the introduction of the liquid crystal proceeds by a method such as injecting the liquid crystal between two substrates having an alignment layer containing a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer. At this time, a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer can be added and injected into a liquid crystal.
Next, an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal to change the alignment of the liquid crystal (S6). The application of the electric field to the liquid crystal may be performed using a method such as applying a voltage between the linear pixel electrode and the linear common electrode or applying a voltage between the externally installed electrodes. The change of orientation of the liquid crystal due to the application of the electric field is made according to the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy is inclined in parallel with the electric field, and the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy is perpendicular to the electric field. Inclined to In addition, the degree of change in the alignment of the liquid crystal may vary according to the intensity of the electric field.
As described above, the liquid crystal is secondarily oriented by polymerizing monomers or oligomers included in the alignment layer in a state where the alignment of the liquid crystal is changed by applying an electric field to form an alignment regulator (S7). Polymerization of the monomer or oligomer is carried out by irradiating light that induces polymerization of the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer such as ultraviolet rays when the monomer or oligomer is a photopolymerizable material. The alignment regulators are arranged along the alignment of the liquid crystal, and maintain the alignment even after removing the applied electric field to affect the alignment of adjacent liquid crystals. Therefore, the liquid crystal may be arranged to have a pre-tilt different from the primary alignment by the secondary alignment.
In the description of the present invention, the pretilt may have an angle and a direction, and hereinafter, it will be defined as a polar angle (0-180) and an azimuthal angle (0-360), respectively. That is, the pretilt may be interpreted to include both azimuthal angle (0-360) and polar angle (0-180). Here, the azimuth angle means an angle at which the projection of the alignment film or the liquid crystal onto the substrate plane is inclined with respect to the gate line or the data line. The polar angle refers to the angle of inclination of the alignment regulator or the liquid crystal relative to a line perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the substrate (normal to the substrate plane).
This secondary orientation may be used to make the liquid crystal have a pretilt in order to determine the operation direction of the liquid crystal in advance when the electric field is applied. In particular, the pretilt in the polar direction is important in the IPS mode, which will be mainly described.
Next, an IPS mode liquid crystal display manufactured by applying the liquid crystal alignment method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described.
2 is a layout view of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2.
The liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a thin
The thin
First, the thin
The
A
The
The
The
The
The
Photopolymerizable monomers or oligomers include Reactive Mesogen (RM) and NOA series from Norland. Reactive mesogen (RM) means a polymerizable mesogenic compound. A "mesogenic compound" or "mesogenic material" includes a substance or compound comprising one or more rod-shaped, plate- or disc-shaped mesogenic groups, ie groups having the ability to induce liquid crystalline behavior. Liquid crystal compounds having rod-shaped or plate-shaped groups are known in the art as calamitic liquid crystals, and liquid crystal compounds having disc-shaped groups are known in the art as discotic liquid crystals. Compounds or materials containing mesogenic groups do not necessarily have to exhibit a liquid crystalline phase by themselves. It is also possible to exhibit liquid crystalline behavior only in mixtures with other compounds or upon polymerization of mesogenic compounds or substances, or mixtures thereof.
Reactive mesogen is a substance which is polymerized by light such as ultraviolet rays and is oriented according to the alignment state of adjacent materials. Examples of reactive mesogens include compounds represented by the following formula:
P1-A1- (Z1-A2) n-P2,
Here, P1 and P2 are independently selected from acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl, vinyloxy, and epoxy groups, and A1 and A2 are 1,4- Independently selected from phenylen and naphthalene-2,6-diyl groups, Z1 is one of COO-, OCO- and a single bond, and n is one of 0, 1 and 2 .
More specifically, there may be mentioned a compound represented by one of the following formulas:
Here, P1 and P2 are independently selected from acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl, vinyloxy and epoxy groups.
Since the
Although not shown, an insulating film for protecting the channel portion of the
Next, the opposing
The
The
An
Examples of the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer include reactive mesogen (RM) and NOA series of Norland.
Alignment of the
The
As such, when the liquid crystals adjacent to the
Further, the linear
In addition, since the liquid crystal has positive dielectric anisotropy, when the electric field is applied, the liquid crystal is arranged in the same direction as the electric field formed in the direction perpendicular to the sides of the
In the above, the embodiment in which the
In addition, when the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer is added and injected into the liquid crystal, an alignment regulator which is separated from the
The
A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of primary alignment of liquid crystals according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of secondary alignment of liquid crystals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
First, as illustrated in FIG. 4, a thin film layer including various wirings, thin film transistors, linear
Next, the alignment base material and the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer are mixed and coated on the thin film layer of the thin
Here, the alignment base material is a liquid crystal vertical alignment film such as poly-amic acid, polyimide, or lecithin, and the liquid crystal is aligned in a direction perpendicular to the substrate by the alignment base material. Is oriented differently. Accordingly, the lower alignment layer 1a and the
Subsequently, the thin
First, a sealant is applied to one of the thin
Alternatively, a sealant may be applied to one of the thin
Next, as shown in FIG. 5, a voltage is applied between the
Subsequently, the lower and
Here, the pretilt of the
As such, when the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer is mixed with the orientation base material to form the alignment film and then photopolymerized to form the alignment regulator, the pretilt control of the alignment regulator is easy, and the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer is the
In the above, the method of forming the
After that, the module works.
On the other hand, by varying the polar angle of the liquid crystal located in different areas to improve the compensation rate of the optical characteristics between different areas to improve the side visibility, which will be described in other embodiments below.
FIG. 6 is a layout view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 6.
This embodiment is located in the first area U1 and the second area by different pretilts of the polar angles of the alignment regulators of the first area U1 and the second area compared with the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Except for the structure in which the polar angles of the liquid crystals are different from each other, the repeated description is omitted.
6 and 7, the area between the
When the thin
As such, when the thin
These domains are classified into four types according to the directors of the liquid crystals located therein, and each domain is elongated to have a width and a length. Within these domains, the arrangement of liquid crystals is regular, so that the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device is extended. In FIG. 6, four first domains D1, four second domains D2, four third domains D3, and four fourth domains D4 are illustrated, and the first region U1 is illustrated in FIG. 6. One of the first to fourth domains is included, and the second region U2 includes the other of the first to fourth domains.
The
The
The
As such, when the liquid crystals adjacent to the
The
Accordingly, when the voltage is applied according to the polar angles of the liquid crystal adjacent to the lower and
In the above, the embodiment in which the
8 and 9 illustrate a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
First, as illustrated in FIG. 4, a thin film layer including various wirings, thin film transistors, linear
Next, the alignment base material and the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer are mixed and coated on the thin film layer of the thin
Here, the alignment base material is a liquid crystal vertical alignment film such as poly-amic acid, polyimide, or lecithin, and the liquid crystal is aligned in a direction perpendicular to the substrate by the alignment base material. Is oriented differently. Accordingly, the lower alignment layer 1a and the
Subsequently, the thin
Next, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the liquid crystal is rearranged by applying a first electric field between the
Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the liquid crystal is rearranged by applying a second electric field between the
In this case, the liquid crystal adjacent to the
Therefore, according to the pretilt of the liquid crystal adjacent to the lower and
Thereafter, the
In the above, the side visibility is improved by changing the polar angles of the alignment regulators in different regions by using photo masks, thereby increasing the compensation rate of the optical characteristics between the different regions. By varying the polar angles of the alignment regulators in different regions, the polar angles of the liquid crystals positioned in the different regions may be changed to increase the compensation ratio of the optical characteristics between the different regions, thereby improving side visibility.
10 and 11 illustrate methods of varying polar angles of the alignment regulators of the first region U1 and the second region U2 in the photoalignment layer.
As shown in FIG. 10, a thin film layer including various wirings, thin film transistors, linear
Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the second base area U2 is irradiated with UV to photoalign the alignment base material to photoalign the
Next, the
In this case, the liquid crystal adjacent to the
Therefore, according to the pretilt of the liquid crystal adjacent to the lower and
Although the present invention is applied to an IPS mode liquid crystal display device, the present invention is also applicable to a FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode liquid crystal display device.
FIG. 12 is a layout view of a liquid crystal display according to yet another exemplary embodiment. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII of FIG. 12.
12 and 13, most of the structures are the same as those of FIGS. 2 and 3, and only the structure of the common electrode is distinguished from each other. This difference is mainly explained.
The common electrode 130 is formed on the insulating
A
Since the
In addition, the
The
An
Alignment of the
The
As such, when the liquid crystals adjacent to the
In the case of the IPS mode liquid crystal display, since the electric field located in the region between the common electrode and the pixel electrode decreases away from the common electrode and the pixel electrode, the threshold voltage is high and power consumption is high, and both the common electrode and the pixel electrode There is a problem that the aperture ratio is reduced because it is formed on one substrate. In order to solve this problem, the FFS mode liquid crystal display improves the electric field intensity by forming the common electrode in a continuous plane in the pixel region, and improves the aperture ratio by forming the common electrode as a transparent conductor.
Meanwhile, an embodiment in which the liquid crystal alignment method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is applied to the liquid crystal display device in the vertical alignment mode will be described.
FIG. 14 is a layout view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display of FIG. 14, and FIG. 16 is a cutout of a control electrode and a control electrode of the liquid crystal display of FIG. 14. It is a figure which shows the orientation of the liquid crystal located in.
In another exemplary embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a thin
The thin
First, the thin
The
A
A plurality of
The
A
The
An interlayer insulating
The
The
Accordingly, when the driving voltage is applied between the
The
Next, the
The
The
The
An
Examples of the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer include reactive mesogen (RM) and NOA series of Norland.
The
The
As such, when the liquid crystal has a pretilt, the response speed is very fast since the liquid crystals of all the regions are immediately inclined in the pretilt direction when the electric field is applied. Therefore, the problem of the afterimage of a moving image can be eliminated.
On the other hand, the
In the case where the pixel electrode has an incision, an electric field does not work well on the
In the above, the embodiment in which the
The
The
A method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display of FIGS. 14 and 15 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18.
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of aligning a liquid crystal to have a pretilt by applying a control voltage between a control electrode and a common electrode according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the step of orienting an orientation control agent to have a pretilt by irradiating UV to the liquid crystal which has a pretilt.
First, as shown in FIG. 17, various wirings, a thin film transistor, a
Next, the alignment base material and the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer are mixed and coated on the thin film layer of the thin
Here, the alignment base material is a liquid crystal vertical alignment film such as poly-amic acid, polyimide, or lecithin, and the liquid crystal is aligned in a direction perpendicular to the substrate by the alignment base material. Is oriented differently. Accordingly, the
Subsequently, the thin
First, a sealant is applied to one of the thin
Alternatively, a sealant may be applied to one of the thin
A control voltage V is applied between the
Next, as shown in FIG. 18, the orientation regulator which extended from the inside of the
As such, when the liquid crystal has a pretilt, when the electric field is applied between the
In addition, since the liquid crystal has a predetermined azimuth pretilt by the
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may implement the present invention in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features thereof. I can understand that. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are exemplary in all respects and not restrictive.
1: lower alignment layer 2: upper alignment layer
12, 22:
19:
133: common electrode portion 177: pixel electrode portion
190: pixel electrode 270: common electrode
Claims (44)
A second substrate facing the first substrate,
A first electrode and a second electrode formed on the first substrate,
A liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate,
A first alignment layer formed on the first substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer
Including,
The first alignment layer includes a first alignment base layer and a first alignment regulator, wherein the first alignment base layer is a material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer, and the first alignment regulator is formed from inside the first alignment base layer. A liquid crystal display device that extends and provides an alignment force to the liquid crystal.
The first electrode and the second electrode have a plurality of bands and are alternately arranged.
The region between the first electrode and the second electrode is divided into a plurality of domains.
The first electrode and the second electrode are parallel to each other, the center is refracted liquid crystal display device.
The plurality of domains are divided into a first region and a second region,
The polar angle of the first alignment regulator positioned in the first region and the polar angle of the first alignment regulator positioned in the second region are different from each other.
The first alignment regulator is a liquid crystal display device obtained by polymerizing a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
A second alignment layer formed on the second substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer;
The second alignment layer includes a second alignment base layer and a second alignment adjuster, the second alignment base layer is a material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer, and the second alignment adjuster is formed from inside the second alignment base layer. A liquid crystal display device which extends and provides an alignment force to the liquid crystal.
And said second alignment regulator is a polymerized photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
The polar angle of the second alignment regulator positioned in the first region and the polar angle of the second alignment regulator positioned in the second region are different from each other.
The first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are liquid crystal display devices.
The first electrode has a plurality of bands, and the second electrode has a continuous surface in the pixel area.
And the second electrode is formed of a transparent conductor.
The region between the first electrode and the second electrode is divided into a plurality of domains.
The first electrode is a liquid crystal display device is refracted in the center.
The plurality of domains are divided into a first region and a second region,
The polar angle of the first alignment regulator positioned in the first region and the polar angle of the first alignment regulator positioned in the second region are different from each other.
The first alignment regulator is a liquid crystal display device obtained by polymerizing a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
A second alignment layer formed on the second substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer;
The second alignment layer includes a second alignment base layer and a second alignment adjuster, the second alignment base layer is a material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer, and the second alignment adjuster is formed from inside the second alignment base layer. A liquid crystal display device which extends and provides an alignment force to the liquid crystal.
And said second alignment regulator is a polymerized photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
The polar angle of the second alignment regulator positioned in the first region and the polar angle of the second alignment regulator positioned in the second region are different from each other.
The first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are liquid crystal display devices.
Forming a first alignment layer on the first substrate, the first alignment layer including a first alignment base material for vertically aligning a liquid crystal and a monomer or oligomer made of a material different from the first alignment base material;
Forming a second substrate,
Introducing the liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate,
A first polymerization step of applying a first voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode and irradiating light to polymerize the monomer or oligomer included in the first alignment layer
Method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display comprising a.
The first electrode and the second electrode is a plurality of bands, the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device alternately arranged.
The area between the first electrode and the second electrode is divided into a plurality of domains.
The first electrode and the second electrode are parallel to each other, the center is refracted manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device.
The plurality of domains are divided into a first region and a second region,
The first polymerization step is carried out to polymerize the monomer or oligomer contained in the first alignment layer positioned in the first region,
Covering the second area with a photo mask,
Applying a second voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode and irradiating light to polymerize the monomer or oligomer included in the first alignment layer positioned in the second region;
Further comprising:
The method of claim 1, wherein the first voltage and the second voltage are different from each other.
Before joining the first substrate and the second substrate
And forming a second alignment layer on the second substrate, the second alignment layer including a second alignment base material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal and a monomer or oligomer made of a material different from the second alignment base material. Way.
Manufacturing a liquid crystal display device which polymerizes the monomer or oligomer included in the first alignment layer to form a first alignment regulator and simultaneously polymerizes the monomer or oligomer included in the second alignment layer to form a second alignment regulator. Way.
The first electrode has a plurality of bands, and the second electrode is formed in a continuous surface in the pixel area.
Forming a first alignment layer on the first substrate, the first alignment layer including a first alignment base material for vertically aligning a liquid crystal and a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer made of a material different from the first alignment base material;
The region between the first electrode and the second electrode is divided into a plurality of domains, and the plurality of domains are separated into a first region and a second region,
Irradiating a first light to the first region to photoalign the alignment base material to form an alignment base layer, and polymerizing a photopolymerizable monomer and an oligomer to form an alignment regulator;
Irradiating a second light to the second region to photoalign the alignment base material to form an alignment base layer, and polymerizing a photopolymerizable monomer and an oligomer to form an alignment regulator.
Including,
The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, wherein the irradiation amount of the first light and the irradiation amount of the second light are different from each other.
The polar angle of the alignment regulator positioned in the first region is different from the polar angle of the alignment regulator positioned in the second region.
A second substrate facing the first substrate,
A pixel electrode formed on the first substrate and having a continuous surface without a cutout;
A control electrode formed on the pixel electrode and having domain dividing means for dividing the pixel region into a plurality of domains,
A common electrode formed on the second substrate and having a continuous surface without a cutout;
A liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate,
A first alignment layer formed on the first substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer
Including,
The first alignment layer includes a first alignment base layer and a first alignment regulator, wherein the first alignment base layer is a material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer, and the first alignment regulator is formed from inside the first alignment base layer. A liquid crystal display device that extends and provides an alignment force to the liquid crystal.
And an interlayer insulating layer formed between the control electrode and the pixel electrode.
And said domain dividing means is a cutout.
The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer positioned in the cutout are aligned in advance by an electric field formed between the control electrode and the common electrode.
The control electrode is formed of ITO or IZO.
The first alignment regulator is a liquid crystal display device obtained by polymerizing a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
A second alignment layer formed on the second substrate and in contact with the liquid crystal layer;
The second alignment layer includes a second alignment base layer and a second alignment adjuster, the second alignment base layer is a material for vertically aligning the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer, and the second alignment adjuster is formed from inside the second alignment base layer. A liquid crystal display device which extends and provides an alignment force to the liquid crystal.
And said second alignment regulator is a polymerized photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer.
Forming a control electrode having domain dividing means for dividing the pixel region into a plurality of domains on the pixel electrode;
Forming a first alignment layer on the control electrode, the first alignment layer including a first alignment base material for vertically aligning a liquid crystal and a monomer or oligomer made of a material different from the first alignment base material;
Forming a common electrode on the second substrate,
Introducing the liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate,
A first polymerization step of applying a first voltage between the control electrode and the common electrode and irradiating light to polymerize the monomer or oligomer included in the first alignment layer
Method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display comprising a.
And forming an interlayer insulating film between the control electrode and the pixel electrode.
And said domain dividing means is a cutout.
The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer positioned in the cutout are pre-aligned by an electric field formed between the control electrode and the common electrode.
Before joining the first substrate and the second substrate
And forming a second alignment layer on the common electrode, the second alignment layer including a second alignment base material vertically aligning the liquid crystal and a monomer or oligomer made of a material different from the second alignment base material. .
Manufacturing a liquid crystal display device which polymerizes the monomer or oligomer included in the first alignment layer to form a first alignment regulator and simultaneously polymerizes the monomer or oligomer included in the second alignment layer to form a second alignment regulator. Way.
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